a brief introduction to quantum computer alri. moore's law the number of transistors in a dense...
TRANSCRIPT
A brief introduction to
Quantum computer
Alri
Moore's law
the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit has doubled approximately every two years
——- Gordon E. Moore, the co-founder of Intel
speed and computing capacity
physical limits
atomic level
quantum theory
classical computer——>
quantum computer?
Qubit
a linear superposition of basis states
both states at the same time
two-state quantum-mechanical system
Quantum entanglement
system as a whole
one particle of an entangled pair "knows" what measurement has been performed on the other, and with what outcome
Faster-than-light Quantum mechanics
not true communication
two observers in different locations see the same system simultaneously
Energy and computing
Landauer's principle:
the erasure of n bits of information must always incur a cost of
n k T ln(2)
in thermodynamic entropy
erasure of information — necessary?
Reversible computing
the relation of the mapping from states to their successors must be one-to-one
Toffoli gate
CCNOT gate
"controlled-controlled-not" gate
any reversible circuit can be constructed from Toffoli gates
3-bit inputs and outputs : if the first two bits are set, it inverts the third bit, otherwise all bits stay the same
Toffoli gate
The Toffoli gate is reversible (but the Toffoli' used above is not). This means that any computation did with it can be
undone. This is:(a,b,c)=Toffoli(Toffoli(a,b,c))
Universality and Toffoli gate
Boolean functions :
OR, AND , NOT gates
NOR gates
NAND gates
Toffoli gate
NAND(a,b)=Toffoli′(a,b,1)
NOT(x)=Toffoli′(1,1,x)
AND(a,b)=Toffoli′(a,b,0)
basic quantum computers that can perform certain calculations
D-Wave Systems
512-qubit
D-Wave Two quantum computer
new era
Referenceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qubit#Bit_versus_qubit
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_entanglement
http://www.technologyreview.com/view/422511/the-fantastical-promise-of-reversible-computing/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toffoli_gate
http://www.dwavesys.com/quantum-computing
Thank you!