A Call for Freedom

Chap 16.3

Terms/People for this section• Emancipation - to set free• Ratified – to approve• Thirteenth Amendment-

Amendment to abolish slavery.• Harriet Tubman- used

knowledge of Underground Railroad to get information from the South and give to North

• 54th Massachusetts- most famous African American regiment. Their bravery won respect for African American troops

Goal for war changes for the North

• Prior to Battle of Antietam, North’s main goal was to preserve Union.

• People in North started to see slavery as a way to help South win war by working the fields. Taking slavery away would hurt South.

• Lincoln wanted to discourage Britain and France from recognizing South. Both countries opposed slavery.

Emancipation Proclamation

• Lincoln waited until Union success at Battle of Antietam to issue it.

• It freed all slaves in rebellion against the Union.

• Boarder States were allowed to keep slaves.

Effects of Emancipation Proclamation

• Emancipation Proclamation was more symbolic. Didn’t really free anyone.

• It did give African Americans and abolitionists reason to celebrate.

• It caused Britain and France to withhold recognition of the Confederacy.

• Gave new cause to War.

Effects of Emancipation Proclamation

• In 1864 Republicans in Congress prepared the 13th Amendment abolishing Slavery. It was ratified in 1865.

• Led to the use of African American troops in the Civil War.

African Americans in the South

• Mainly work in fields to supply food for troops.

• Some worked as nurses and cooks.

• Due to fears of slave revolts, only allowed African Americans to serve toward end of war.

• Robert E. Lee believed that if they served they should be freed.

African Americans in the North

• African Americans were not allowed to serve in the Army but were allowed to serve in the Navy at start of war.

• Many served as Spies like Harriet Tubman

• 1862 Congress allowed African American to serve in Army with white officers.

54th Massachusetts

• Most famous regiment was the 54th Massachusetts.

• Earned respect trying to attack Confederate fortification in Charleston, South Carolina.

• Nearly half of the regiment were wounded, captured or killed.