A Case Study of Using Combined BIM and GIS Model for Building Energy

Conservation

Mr. Kent Lam, Ms Jing May Wong, Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

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Agenda

• Introduction of Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics

• Land Surveyors’ in BIM

• Combined BIM and GIS Model for Building Energy Conservation

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“地理国情监测技术”专业 Introduction of Department of Land

Surveying and Geo-Informatics

LSGI

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• The ONLY academic unit in Hong Kong to provide professional training for Land Surveyors

• Programme:

– Research degrees: Mphil, PhD

– Taught programmes:

• MSc in Geomatics (Land Surveying or Geo-IT)

• BSc (Hon) in Geomatics (Land Surveying, Geo-IT, Utility Management and Surveying)

• HD in Geomatics

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LSGI

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• Research Areas

– GPS positioning, GIS, Remote Sensing, Digital Photogrammetry, , Intelligent Transportation System, BIM

• BIM implementation in BSc and HD curriculum

– Introduction level: what is BIM?

– Technical level: Microstation, Inroads, AutoCad, Revit, 3D model creation

– Management level: BIM project management, case studies

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“地理国情监测技术”专业 BIM – Land Surveying

Perspective

Definition of BIM

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• Base on a continuously evolving 3D model

– 3D

• A construction life cycle process

– 4D, 5D, ….

• encompasses geometry, spatial relationships, geographic information, and quantities and properties

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What is BIM?

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Values of BIM • Improve

– Building quality – Collaboration among all parties involved

• Reduce – Conflicts – Changes – Cost – Time – Wastage

• Better – Design – Cost control – Progress control – Client and contractors communication

Professional Land Surveyors’ Duties

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• As-built Survey to fulfill BIM and Smart City’s needs

– Indoor

– Outdoor

• Construction Data Management

– Data collection

– Data integration

– Data Model

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3D, 4D and 5D BIM

Field Data

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Project Data Management - Manage changes - Manage resources - Manage constraints

BIM Construction Life Cycle

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• BIM

Land Surveying

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Data

Planning Design

Construction Operation

BIM Construction Life Cycle

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• BIM

Data Management

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“地理国情监测技术”专业 Combined BIM and GIS Model

for Building Energy Conservation

Objectives

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• Investigate the use of BIM and GIS technologies for building energy conservation – lighting

• Study Area

– PolyU and Block Z

– Move-in 2012

– 3D building model not available

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Study Area

Three Main Tasks

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3D Model Construction

Daylight Factors Analysis

Lighting Optimization

Procedures

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• 3D Model Construction

– Block Z

• Floor plan (G/F – 12/F)

• From FMO of PolyU

– Buildings and Landscape of Surrounding Areas

• Using existing data from Survey and Mapping Office – 2D maps

– 3D building and infrastructure data

– Terrain data

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Block Z Model Construction

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Basic shape is generated

Daylight analysis:

Basic shape

Boundary conditions of several elements

Walls

Partitions

Windows

Openings

Floors

Roofs

• 3D BIM model with walls, windows, …

Phase 8 – Building Model

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• For Green Building Certification

Phase 8 – Building Model

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• BIM Set-up Requirement

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Building Model Setup

Requirements BIM Model at this Report

1. BIM Model Zone For control the BIM file sizes, models are separated into several disciplines

Separated into 12 zones by floors

2. Project Coordinates

1. Geo-referenced with HK1980 Grid

2. Cross reference to the project gridlines

3. Origin point is set up as the

basis for model sharing systems

4. Rotation angle of Project North to True

North is zero

5. Height is in millimeter in relation to

HKPD

1. Referenced with HK1980 Grid

2. Origin point of the project is (0, 0, 0)

3. Rotation angle of the Project North to True North is 0 degree.

4. Height is in millimeter in relation to HKPD

• BIM Set-up Requirement (cont.)

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Building Model Setup

Requirements BIM Model at this Report

3. Model Unit Building elements have to be modeled in the same units

The unit is in Meter

4. File Management Drawing file names have to follow naming

convention consistently

Drawing file names are consistent

Buildings and Landscape of Surrounding Areas

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• Surface model and Solid Model

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Phase 8 – Landscape Model

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Phase 8 – Landscape Model

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• Landscape model with scanned 3D model and 3D BIM model

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Block Z BIM

Model

3D Landscape

Model

Combined 3D

Model

Solar Radiation

Simulation

Shading Range

Simulation

Daylight Factor

Calculation

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Block Z BIM

Model

3D Landscape

Model

Combined 3D

Model

Solar Radiation

Simulation

Shading Range

Simulation

Daylight Factor

Calculation

Incident Solar Radiation

= Solar Absorption

+ Solar Reflection

+ Solar Transmission

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Block Z BIM

Model

3D Landscape

Model

Combined 3D

Model

Solar Radiation

Simulation

Shading Range

Simulation

Visualization of the shadow over a range of times

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Block Z BIM

Model

3D Landscape

Model

Combined 3D

Model

Solar Radiation

Simulation

Shading Range

Simulation

Daylight Factor

Calculation

Daylight admission to the Interior

DF = sky component

+ external reflected component

+ Internally reflected component

DF diagram of 6/F

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Daylight Factor (DF)

15+

0

15+

0

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Building Landscape

Combined Model

Exterior

Factors

Phase 8 – Interior Model

33 (Zemmouri & Schiller, 2004)

Windows

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Design of Intelligent Lighting Management system

Control the use of light depends on the level of illuminance from daylight

Transforming DF diagram from Bitmap to polygon

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Lighting Optimization

“地理国情监测技术”专业 Case Study in Block Z

• Exterior Factors:

Seasonal difference in incident solar radiation

Shadow casted from Phase 8

Shadow casted from neighboring buildings

• Interior Design Factors: Window size

Partitioning

• Design of Intelligent Lighting Management for 6/F

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Case Study and Result Analysis

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Seasonal Difference in Incident Solar Radiation

Summer

Winter

North area of podium:

Decrease from about 4500 W/m2 to about 2500 W/m2 visually

• Summer Solstice:

Evenly distributed in east and west directions

• Winter Solstice:

Mainly casted on northeast, north and northwest directions

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Shadow Casted from Phase 8

Summer Solstice

Winter Solstice

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Shadow Casted from Neighboring Buildings

• Obstructions at northwest:

Wylie Court

Pakistan Club

• Obstructions at southeast:

Block Y

• Obstruction at East

Block V

Block Y

Block V

Wylie Court

Pakistan Association

Phase 8

• Winter Solstices

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Shadow Casted from Neighboring Buildings

Block V

Wylie Court

Pakistan Association

Block Y

• Window-to-wall ratio (WWR): The ratio of total window area to total facade area including windows

WWR

= total area of window/total façade area

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Window Size and Wall

Design of Intelligent Lighting Management

42 Jing May WONG 2015

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Intelligent Lighting Management

• Create internal lighting location plan from information provided by FMO

– Manual digitization

• Correlate the DN factors with the light sources spatial in GIS

• Selection of different interior lighting configuration based on time of a day and season

• Selection of Artificial Light in Summer

• When the DN value is smaller than the maximum DN value, the light is selected

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Intelligent Lighting Management

Time 0800 0900-1600 1700

Selection of

artificial light

• Selection of Artificial Light in Winter

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Intelligent Lighting Management

Time 0800 0900-1600 1700

Selection of

artificial light

• Comparison on the selection of light in summer and winter Selection at 0800 in summer is less than winter

• Reason The sunrise time in summer: 06:01 am

The sunrise time in winter: 07:02 am

At 0800, the sun only rise for an hour in winter

The illumination from sun is not as strong as summer

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Intelligent Lighting Management

Conclusion

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• Successful combined Exterior and Interior factors to optimize lighting control

• Combine the use of both BIM and GIS technologies together and apply in building energy conservation

• Factors such as building materials are not considered.

• Only solar light is considered but not solar heat factor

Thank You

Mr. Kent Lam

Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

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