A RESEARCH ON STRESS AMONG RETAIL SECTOR EMPLOYEES IN & ARROUND KOLKATA

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTFirst of all Im grateful to the Almighty GOD for allowing me to complete the precious project on the world widely known STREES AMONG RETAIL SECTOR EMPLOYEES IN & ARROUND KOLKATA I wish to express my sincere thanks to my HOD Mr. A. B. Chowdhary and obviously to my inspiring Mrs sabori modal the faculty of the great ALIAH University. I would also like to thank all my class mates, specially Sumaiya sultana and masum parvin. The way they encourage and help me to reach the pick point of the UT-most important project. Again I want to thank my thank my teacher to encourage me to pursue this topic and spending the extra time for helping me to achieve this one.I certify that this report is my own work and that sources of information used in this report have fully acknowledged. NAME RAFIKUL ISLAM & SABNAM FERDOUSROLL NO=MBA10515 & MBA10521 MBA 6TH SEMESTERDEFINATION OF STRESS - Stress is bodys way of responding to any kind of demand. It can be caused by both good and bad experiences. When people feel stressed by something going on around them, their bodies react by releasing chemicals into the blood. These chemicals give people more energy and strength, which can be a good thing if their stress is caused by physical danger. But this can also be a bad thing, if their stress is in response to something emotional and there is no outlet for this extra energy and strength. This class will discuss different causes of stress, how stress affects you, the difference between 'good' or 'positive' stress and 'bad' or 'negative' stress, and some common facts about how stress affects people today.

INDIAN PERSPECTIVE OF RETAIL STRESS - A new AXA PPP survey on workplace stress is published today, reports The Retail Bulletin. Retail beat by some distance those that work in IT, 59.1 per cent of whom suggested stress was a problem in their workplace. Banking and finance came close with 52 per cent, while half of respondents in the hotels and restaurants business believed stress a major part of their day.Dr Mark Simpson, managing director of AXA PPP occupational health services says retail roles are typically high demand, low control with staff often out of their depth, but not in a position to make changes without involvement from above. This is a classic recipe for occupational stress, says Dr Simpson. At the same time retail is a fiercely competitive market with management under extreme pressure to hit sales targets, so staff well-being can't always be a head office priority, says Dr Simpson. He also notes that retail has a particularly transitory workforce, making stress measurement and management difficult to achieve effectively.(BY Neil Long)India retail industry seems to Passing through risky times as weakness in consumer spending due to rising inflation, marginal real wage growth and a weak macro-economic environment, according to India Ratings.The rating levels of India Ratings-rated retail companies have already factored in revenue declines and margin pressures; this contributes to the high proportion of Stable Outlooks. Some companies with deteriorated credit metrics also have Stable Outlooks as the agency has already taken sufficient action to accommodate foreseeable stress

CHAPTER-1INTRODUCTION- Retailing can be defined as the sale of goods or merchandise, from a fixed location such as a department store or kiosk, in small or individual lots for direct consumption by the consumer. Retailing is a well recognized business function which compromises making available desired product in the desired quantity at the desired time. This creates a time, place and form utility for the consumer. The success of retailing is depend up on the efficient supply chain and assortment of merchandise mix. A well-developed supply chain reduces wastages and transaction cost thereby reducing the cost of inventories to be maintained by the producers and the traders. A reduction in the cost of inventory management leads to a reduction in the final price to the consumer. Retailing has been identified as a key source for promotion of textiles, processed foods, agricultural and horticultural products.Person engaged in the retail sector. Poor people join in the day to day work & educated people join in higher designation pantaloons.

RETAILING IN INDIA Retailing in India is one of the pillars of its economy and accounts for 14 to 15 present of its GDP. The Indian retail market is estimated to be US$ 450 billion and one of the top five retail markets in the world by economic value. India is one of the fastest growing retail markets in the world, with 1.2 billion people. India's retailing industry is essentially owner manned small shops. In 2010, larger format convenience stores and supermarkets accounted for about 4 present of the industry, and these were present only in large urban centres. India's retail and logistics industry employs about 40 million Indians (3.3% of Indian population).Organized retailing, in India, refers to trading activities undertaken by licensed retailers, that is, those who are registered for sales tax, income tax, etc. These include the publicly traded supermarkets, corporate-backed hypermarkets and retail chains, and also the privately owned large retail businesses.Unorganized retailing, on the other hand, refers to the traditional formats of low-cost retailing, for example, the local corner shops, owner manned general stores, paan/beedi shops, convenience stores, hand cart and pavement vendors, etc. Organized retailing was absent in most rural and small towns of India in 2010. Supermarkets and similar organized retail accounted for just 4% of the market.Until 2011, Indian central government denied foreign direct investment (FDI) in multi-brand retail, forbidding foreign groups from any ownership in supermarkets, convenience stores or any retail outlets. Even single-brand retail was limited to 51% ownership and a bureaucratic process. In January 2012, India approved reforms for single-brand stores welcoming anyone in the world to innovate in Indian retail market with 100% ownership, but imposed the requirement that the single brand retailer source 30 present of its goods from India. Indian government continues the hold on retail reforms for multi-brand stores. On 14 September 2012, the government of India announced the opening of FDI in multi-brand retail, subject to approvals by individual states. On 7 December 2012, the Federal Government of India allowed 51% FDI in multi-brand retail in India. The Feds managed to get the approval of multi-brand retail in the parliament despite heavy uproar from the opposition. Some states will allow foreign supermarkets like Wal-Mart, Tesco and Carrefour to open while other states will not.CAUSE OF RETAIL STRESS - The UK's Health and Safety Executive lists six key stress factors-1. The demands of the job 2. The support they receive from colleagues and superiors 3. Their relationships with colleagues 4. Whether they understand their roles and responsibilities 5. How far the company consults staff over workplace changes. STRESS AT WORK - The UK's Health and Safety Executive lists six key stress factors:1. The demands of the job 2. The control staff have over how they do their work 3. The support they receive from colleagues and superiors 4. Their relationships with colleagues 5. Whether they understand their roles and responsibilities 6. How far the company consults staff over workplace changes. Other stress indicators at retail work include: Sickness absence High staff turnover Poor communication between teams Lack of feedback on performance Value and contribution Overload of roles and responsibilities Working long hours Uncomfortable workplace Lack of training

LITARETURE REVIEW -(Bartlett, 1932)Readers often have to make inferences because of incomplete knowledge in a text in their attempts to comprehend that text. In order to make inferences, the reader has to be able to use knowledge stored in memory, referred to as a 'schema'. Ansoff(1965) defines strategic management by saying that is concerned with positioning an organisation with in environment & to ensure its continued success.

Bransford, Barclay and Franks (1972) highlighted the importance of making inferences in text comprehension, emphasising that text comprehension is a constructive and integrative process, which requires the construction of the intended message from text-based and knowledge-based information.

Cohan & jones (1978) the amalgamation of the marketing concept in the retail sector has also been support.

(ROSENFELD & WILSON (1990) change is in part, the act of crystal-ball Gazing, looking into the future to predict what will be the context in which organisations & individuals will exist. Many management experts have emphasised the importance of change in the business environment.

(Yuill & Oakhill, 1991)Difficulties in text comprehension may occur at mainly three different levels of processing: at the level of the word, at the level of the sentence, and at the level of the text.

Yuill and Oakhill (1991) propose that less-skilled comprehends are less likely to draw inferences during reading, and so may have forgotten some of the original premises by the time an inference is required. This may be exacerbated by their smaller working memory processing capacities.

Oakhill (1996) noted that those readers who have difficulty comprehending a text also have difficulty making inferences.

.(Kainer 2002; Zeytinoglu and Crook 1997)In the retail sector, occupational segregation based on sex and the employment status divide between full-time and part-time/casual workers is still prevalent. Management positions, and warehouse and meat cutting jobs are full-time and primarily occupied by males, while front-line staff positions are invariably part-time or casual and are largely filled by women (Kainer 2002; Zeytinoglu and Crook 1997).

( Oakhill,1984; Spires & Donley, 1998)Skilled comprehends are more likely to use their prior knowledge to facilitate comprehension than are less-skilled comprehends.Strickland & Strickland (1998) are of the opinion that manager are now confronted with a bewildering array of approaches ,techniques & strategies to assist them in changing some aspects of their business for the better.

As Hinton, Moruz and Mumford (1999) show, for the majority ofworkers entering the service sector in part-time and casual jobs, there isnow less job security and fewer positions with stability than in the past,particularly in non-unionized jobs

(Quinlan, Mayhew and Bohle 2001)The unique work environment of part-time and casual employment, in particular, the economic pressure in terms of competition for jobs/contracts, pressure to retain a job, and pressure to earn a livable income, are all conceptualized as factors affecting stress levels of precarious workers (Quinlan, Mayhew and Bohle 2001).

Paul freathly (2003) described a strategic management model in his book, explaining it to be consisting of five stages, as shown in the figure below. The relationships shown in the figure are not linear but iterative

Jones et al. (2005, 2007) came to the conclusion that environmental issues are the earliest and most commonly reported CSR agendas among top retailers. They include: energy and water consumption and emission, raw material usage, waste and packaging volume, recycling, GMOs, application of chemicals, access for disabled customers, and promoting local production of goods. Retailers also seem to recognise ethics in business and urban regeneration as predominant incentives in conducting their businesses. Operational business imperatives, economic viability, and CSR assure long-term growth and financial safety for stakeholders. Study of Hughes et al. (2007) confirmed these conclusions.

Kiel & Nicholson (2005)-Point out lack of proper control mechanisms and ethical standards amongst corporate. Elaborating these reasons, they claim failure to cope with interpersonal relations is the reason behind the above. While the regulations by state, regulatory bodies and their role has constantly been under attack, the role of independent directors has come under a scanner too, particularly in India.

Walter BJ (2006)-Has pointed out a lack of diversity on the board of directors and potential shareholders. A diverse board may not be the solution but still in crucial for good corporate governance. Adding some more dimensions.

Gellner (2007) explains in this context that in most retail meetings and/or publications, hardly ever is there any talk on problems that modern retail formats are encountering doing business in India. There is a significant profitability challenge, to deliver the brand promise in terms of quality andgeographic spread in line with the growth in consumer demand.

Nagesh (2007) describes that Indian retailing will see a sea of change in the next five years, driving consumption boom never seen in the history of any country. From a drout situation we will see a flood of modern retail, So Indian retail will be on a steady ground of sustained growth year after year and thereafter.

Biyani (2007) describes that we are on the cusp of change wherein a huge, multicultural India is transforming from a socialist economy to a consumption-led, creative economy. The scope and depth of change that is taking place due to the revolutionary retail market with a gigantic opportunity for marketers and retailers, not only in large cities but also in small towns. So retailing can play asignificant role in creating the India of tomorrow.

Kearney (2007) explains that the retail sector provides a unique platform toto India .Government, both central and state, need to engage with the sector and utilize its potential for social development. So the Indian market and its consumers poised for a retail consumption explosion thatwill continue for future.

Anselmsson and Johansson (2007) pointed out that there are three general attitude based dimensions for CSR positioning - human responsibility, product responsibility, and environmental responsibility.

Wagner et al. (2008) tried to identify which business practices lead to perceptions of corporate social irresponsibility from the customers perspective. Based on quantitative data from a paper-based and on line survey, they named 14 factors that stand for corporate social irresponsibility in the retail sector. Among others, they were: natural environment, local businesses, societal rules, employee benefits and wages, and sales practices. e company deals with suppliers who adhere to principles of natural and good breeding and farming of animals, and also maintains fair and positive working conditions and work-place environments for their own employees. The dimension of environmental responsibility means that a company is perceived to produce environmental-friendly, ecological, and non-harmful products. It implies that a clear regiment of environmental policies exists and that product packaging is recyclable. Product responsibility means that all products come with a full and complete list of content, that country of origin is stated, that the company will uphold its declarations of intent and assume liability for its products. According to the authors, a firms positive image resulting from engagement in CSR has an impact on consumers intention to purchase goods from CSR-oriented enterprises.

Wadekar (2008) says- Organized retailing is spreading and making its presence felt in different parts of the country. The trend in grocery retailing, however, has been slightly different with a growth concentration. However, it was considered a traditional, conservative and cost-conscious market, proved to be the home ground for most ofthe successful retail names.

Bhatt & Kumar (2008)-The Satyam fiasco has opened it all up. Poor corporate governance has been the bane of Indian industry and the erosion of investor confidence and it is now clear that certain key IT, media and entertainment scripts are being brazenly manipulated on the stock exchanges.

Rajagopalan & Zhang (2008)-Claim the Indian corporate governance system has both supported and holdback India's ascent to the top ranks of the world's economies. Still, Indian corporate governance has taken major steps toward becoming a system capable ofinspiring confidence.

Mohanty & Panda (2008) opines about retailing as a sector of India occupies important placein the socio-economic growth strategy of the country. India is witnessing retailing boom being propelled by increasing urbanization, rising purchasing power parity (PPP) of ever growing Indias middle class, changing demographic profiles heavily titled young population, technological revolution, intense globalization drive etc.

Mishra (2008) says, there is a hectic activity in the sector in terms of expansion, entry of international brands and retailers as well as focus on technology, operations, infrastructure and processes. All these present a tremendousopportunity in this high growth industry

Shivkumar(2009), Executive Director and leader of Retail and Consumer Practices Price Warehouse Co-operatives also holds the opinion that retailing is the next sunrise segment of the economic development of the country.

Sadasivan and Premkumar (2009) says-Studied that organized retail segment has been growing at ablistering pace, exceeding all previous estimates. According to a study by Deloitte Haskins and Sells, organized retail has increased its share from 5 percent of total retail sales in 2006 to 8 percent in 2007. The fastest growing segments have been the wholesale cash and carry stores (150per cent) followed by supermarkets (100 per cent) and hypermarkets (75-80 per cent). Further, itestimates the organized segment to account for 25 per cent of the total sales by 2011. India topsthe AT Kearneys annual Global Retail Development Index (GRDI) for the third consecutiveyear. The Indian retail market, which is the fifth largest retail destination globally, according toindustry estimates is estimated to grow from the US$ 330 billion in 2007 to US$ 427 billion by2010 and US$ 637 billion by 2015.

Sharma mukharjee(2009) says-Said that there would be no negative impact of organized retailing on the unorganized sector, which accounts for 96 per cent of retail business. Moreover, 3.5 crorespeople have got jobs in the retail sector and the incomes too have increased in recent times. Headded the study reveals that unorganized retail sector is expected to grow at about 10 per cent perannum with sales rising from $309 billion in 2006-07 to $496 billion in 2011-12. He also added that there is no restriction on the entry of domestic investors into retail sector.Shukla (2009) says-Studied that the marketing function depends heavily on the presence ofintermediaries between the Producer and consumer. These intermediaries provide broad and convenient access to products for a wide range of customers. The retailing function adds value for producers and consumers in a number of ways, most of which are difficult for manufacturers to replace.

Sahu (2010) describes that a rise in consumer confidence, improvement in profitability and aggressive expansion plans signal better tidings for listed players in the organized retail space. Moreover, analysts believe listed retailers could attract foreign investments by spinning off their subsidiaries into separate companies which can provide a great opportunity for the improvement of this sector.

Yuvarani (2010) opines that according to a study the size of the Indian Retail market is currently estimated at Rs 704 corers which accounts for a meager 3% of the total retail market. As the market becomes more and more organized the Indian retail industry will gain greater worth. However, the future is promising, the market is growing, government policies are becoming more favorable andemerging technologies are facilitating operations.

Krishnan(2010) says-Found that it is important to note that value is function of not just price, quality and service but can also be enhanced by personalization and offering a memorable experience. Infect, building relationships with customers can by itself increase the quality of overall customerexperience and thus the perceived value. But most importantly for winning in this intensely competitive marketplace, it is critical to understand the target customer's definition of value and make an offer, which not only delights the customers but also is also difficult for competitors to replicate

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE & OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY- The objectives of a research project summarize what is to be achieved by the study. These objectives are looks like- To understand the evolution of retail sector in India To study the popular retail formats To study the emerging retail trend in india To study the impact Retail (Organized4-5%) on the economy. To study the effectiveness of organized retail towards customers. To know about the retail employees To study about the organized retail; its environment and challenges To know the factors that all influence employee to work To ascertain the supportive moves to the employee by the bosses To find out the policy adopted towards employee by the bosses To know about the working environment of the employees TO have the picture of the employees stress level To find out the stress level of different level of employees To study and understand the level of job satisfaction among employee.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY- Present study is empirical and exploratory in nature. It will examine the status, scenario, problems and prospects of Retail industry in respect of West Bengal as well as India. The study will be based on the information obtained through secondary as well as primary sources(e.g. books, magazines, journals, reports, interviews ,articles and websites) as well as through structured questionnaires (i.e. primary source).

PLAN OF WORK : CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTIONCHAPTER 2 : PROFILE OF RETAIL INDUSTRY IN WEST BENGALCHAPTER 3 : STREES AMONG CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTIONRETAIL SECTOR EMPLOYEESCHAPTER 4 : RETAIL INDUSTRY, PEOPLE ENGAGEMENT & STREES LEVELCHAPTER 5 : PROBLEM & PROSPECTS OF RETAIL INDUSTRY in TERMS OF REDUCING THE STREES LEVEL AMONG EMPLOYEESCHAPTER 6 : SUGGESTIVE MEASURE FOR REDUCING THE STREES LEVELCHAPTER 7 : RECOMMENDATION & CONCLUSIONBIBLOGRAPHY

CHAPTER 2 PROFILE OF PANTALOONS RETAIL INDUSTRY PANTALOON RETAIL CHAIN - Pantaloon Retail (India) Limited, is Indias leading retailer that operates multiple retail formats in both the value and lifestyle segment of the Indian consumer market. Headquartered in Mumbai (Bombay), the company operates over 16 million square feet of retail space, has over 1000 stores across 73 cities in India and employs over 30,000 people. The company PRILS leading formats include Pantaloons, a chain of fashion outlets, Big Bazaar, a uniquely Indian hypermarket chain, Food Bazaar, a supermarket chain, blends the look, touch and feel of Indian bazaars with aspects of modern retail like choice, convenience and quality and Central, a chain of seamless destination malls. Some of its other formats include Brand Factory, Blue Sky, aLL, Top 10 and Star and Sitara. Future Value Retail Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of Pantaloon Retail (India) Limited. This entity has been created keeping in mind the growth and the current size of the companys value retail business, led by its format divisions, Big Bazaar and Food Bazaar. Future Group Pantaloon Retail is the flagship enterprise of the Future Group, which is positioned to cater to the entire Indian consumption space. The Future Group operates through six verticals: Future Retail (encompassing all retail businesses), Future Capital (financial products and services), Future Brands (management of all brands owned or managed by group companies), Future Space (management of retail real estate), Future Logistics (management of supply chain and distribution) and Future Media (development and management of retail media). Future Capital Holdings, the group's financial arm, focuses on asset management and consumer finance. It manages two real estate investment funds (Horizon and Kshitij) and consumer-related private equity fund, In division. It also plans to get into insurance, consumer credit and other consumer-related financial products and services in the near future. Future Group's vision is to, "Deliver Everything, Everywhere, Every time to Every Indian Consumer in the most profitable manner." One of the core values at Future Group is, 'Indianess' and its corporate credo is - Rewrite rules, Retain values. CORE VALUES-Indianans: confidence in ourselves. Leadership: to be a leader, both in thought and business. Respect & Humility: to respect every individual and be humble in our conduct. Introspection: leading to purposeful thinking. Openness: to be open and receptive to new ideas, knowledge and information. Valuing and Nurturing Relationships: to build long term relationships. Simplicity & Positivity: Simplicity and positivity in our thought, business and action. Adaptability: to be flexible and adaptable, to meet challenges. Flow: to respect and understand the universal laws of nature. COMPETITION -In the fashion segment, they face competition from Shoppers Stop, Vishal Mega Mart, Reliance Trendz, Trent, Westside and Lifestyle. Though the hypermarket is new only three to four years old in the country competition is faced from likes RPG (Spencer's), Trent (Star India Bazaar) and with Shoppers Stop. Several other outlets which are giving competition to Pantaloon are Koutons, Charlie outlaw, Cantabil , etc. Another competitor may prove to be a very potential, which is going to enter in the Indian market, and it is the WALL- MART coming to India, in partnership with Bharti.PANTALOONS BRAND vs. THEIR COMPETITOR Brand: The American Marketing Association describes a brand as name, term, symbol or design, or a combination of them intended to identify the goods and service of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competition. The company has its own brands but it focus on other multiple brands as well. It also provides various other brands to its customers. It has a collaboration with many different brands and it sales them under its name ,it provides benefit to both. The Competitor Brands in the Market are: Koutons, Tng, Cantabil, TQS, La FAnso, Charlie Outlaw, Reliance, Cobb Italy, Levis, etc. As these are the small retail outlets placed nearby to the local markets, so they are giving competition to pantaloon. These are the few famous brands which are available at Pantaloons1. ALL 2. ANABELLE 3. BARE DENIM 4. BIBA 5. GINI N JONY 6. GIOVANI 7. HONEY 8. INDIGO NATION 9. JEALOUS 21 10. JM SPORT 11. JOCKEY 12. JOHN MILLER 13. LEE 14. LEE COOPER 15. LILLIPUT 16. LOMBARD 17. MIX N MATCH 18. MONTE

RETAIL PROFILE OF WEST BENGAL- The size of Indias retail market is about US$ 8 billion and has grown by 35% CAGP in last 5 years. And West Bengal has played a big role in this. Lot of activities are going on in this sector right now. With the opening up of the retail sector to the private players, investments are flocking in from all quarters. But still now almost 97% of the retailing is done in the state as well as the country through unorganized sector. According to Economic Census 1998 around 2 million people were engaged in the retail sector, which has obviously grown in this last 7 years. The retail market in West Bengal is looking forward to a very prosperous time in the next few years with lot of investment in the pipeline. Global retailing giants like Wal-Mart, Carrefour, Metro AG, and lot many have expressed their interest to open their outlets in the state. The theme of the EIRS 2012 is EAST INDIA: The Rising Star of Indian Retail. The East Indian States are emerging as the consumption hubs of the country with Unprecedented growth in retail infrastructure and opportunities. The EIRS conference Promises to be the knowledge platform to learn, share grow and make a mark on the Modern retail market in India the EIRS conference will see passionate exchanges of opinions and experiences, driving an atmosphere of knowledge sharing in retails Best practices. After all, retails innate dynamism necessitates an endless exchange of Experiences and innovative strategies. Key retailers from the Eastern Region West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa and North East are expected to participate in the EIRS 2012 and avail this unique opportunity to learn from the best practices, ideas and Opinions of the most successful companies in the country and this region. In recent situation on of the violent aspect of retail sector is about FDI, where, West Bengal chief minister Mamata Banerjee said the state government will not allow implementation of 51 per cent Foreign Direct Investment in retail sector in the state."We will not allow 51 per cent FDI in retail in West Bengal. It will affect the livelihood of about five crore people," the Trinomial Congress chief told reporters here. On the retail scenario in West Bengal, Mr Dungaree said, "It looks promising and in the next few years, a lot of (retail) activities are expected to happen in Kolkata." Of the proposed 20 malls in the State, nearly 10 malls would be developed in Kolkata and in the New Town Rajarhat area. Currently, West Bengal has about eight operational malls, including five malls in Kolkata.CHAPTER 3 STRESS AMONG RETAIL SECTOR EMPLOYEES- Stress In this context, the term 'stress' refers only to a stress with significant negative consequences, or distress in the terminology advocated by Hans Selye, rather than what he calls eustress, a stress whose consequences are helpful or otherwise positive.

Stress produces numerous symptoms which vary according to persons, situations, and severity. These can include physical health decline as well as depression. The process of stress management is named as one of the keys to a happy and successful life in modern society. Although life provides numerous demands that can prove difficult to handle, stress management provides a number of ways to manage anxiety and maintain overall well-being.

Stress caused by everything from retail work to office jobs, is the second biggest occupational health problem in the UK. There is still a stigma attached to mental health problems and employees are often reluctant to seek help in case they are perceived to be unable to cope. Stress at retail work can be the result of: Poor relationships with colleagues Lack of control Poor working conditions Being in the wrong job Feeling undervalued An unsupportive boss Lack of communication Unrealistic work loads Demanding workload or work which is not demanding enough When people feel under pressure at work, they tend to work harder and harder to try to close the gap between what they are achieving and what they think they should be achieving. They sometimes stop taking breaks and lose touch with their own needs.CHAPTER 4 -RETAIL INDUSTRY PEOPLE ENGAGEMENT & STRESS LEVEL - Retailing in India is one of the pillars of its economy and accounts for 14 to 15 present of its GDP. India's retailing industry is essentially owner manned small shops. In 2010, larger format convenience stores and supermarkets accounted for about 4 present of the industry, and these were present only in large urban centres. India's retail and logistics industry employs about 40 million Indians (3.3% of Indian population).Adversely, if we talk about the retail industry in west Bengal with all the guns or with individual players then we could have the real picture of retail industry of the station, it shows- Pantaloon Retail (India) Limited, is a large Indian retailer, part of the Future Group, and operates in multiple retail formats in both, value and lifestyle, segments of the Indian consumer market. Headquartered in Mumbai, the company has over 1,000 stores across 71 cities in India and employs over 35,000 people, and as of 2010, it was the country's largest listed retailer by market capitalization and revenue.The company separated its discount store business, which includes the Big Bazaar hypermarket and the Food Bazaar supermarket businesses, into Future Value Retail Ltd., its wholly owned subsidiary, so that the company may be listed independently.The companys brands include Pantaloons, a chain of fashion outlets, Big Bazaar, a hypermarket chain, and Food Bazaar, a supermarket chain. Some of the company's other regional brands include Depot, Shoe Factory, Brand Factory, Blue Sky, all Top 10 and Star and Sitara.A subsidiary company, Home Solutions Retail (India) Limited, operates Home Town, a large-format home solutions store, Collection i, selling home furniture products and E-Zone in the consumer electronics segment. And if we talk about the employment opportunity then it is only pantaloons itself have appointed35,000 Employees, with Revenue 60.190billion (US$1.1billion). And now with the glimpse of a single gun we can have a bit of notion about the scenario that could be posed with all the players.CHAPTER 5 -PROBLEM & PROSPECTS OF RETAIL INDUSTRY IN TERMS OF REDUCING THE STRESS LEVEL AMONG EMPLOYEES

Evaluation of retail: The origins of retailing in India can be traced back to the emergence of Kirana stores and mom-and-pop stores. These stores used to cater to the local people. Eventually the government supported the rural retail and many indigenous franchise stores came up with the help of Khadi & Village Industries Commission. The economy began to open up in the 1980s resulting in the change of retailing. The first few companies to come up with retail chains were in textile sector, for example, Bombay Dyeing, S Kumar's, Raymonds, etc. Later Titan launched retail showrooms in the organized retail sector. With the passage of time new entrants moved on from manufacturing to pure retailing. In the present days, retail industry can describe in a single word dynamic in both the sense problems as well as prospect. As MNCs are showing their intent in the Indian market on the contrary problems are arising every day in new face.Problems: The industry is facing a shortage of middle management level professionals. Major retailers are hiring aggressively from the similar and smaller organizations by offering better packages. They are creating various levels of management and hiring on a spree. Some of the areas such as technology, supply chain, distribution, logistics, marketing, product development and research are becoming very critical for the success of the organizations. All of these would lead to the recruitment of highly professional people who specialize in these fields. There is also a trend for hiring hotel management graduates, though now many retail schools are coming up, and Pantaloons has set up links with major business schools from where it would be selecting the right candidates..

The sector is likely to produce 2 million jobs in the coming 3 years. There also exists a possibility that the retail sector would become a poaching ground once a number of domestic and international players enter the industry. Supply Chain Management:The retail scenario is characterized by logistical challenges, constant changes in consumer preferences and evolution of new retail formats. All this increases the challenges faced by the industry. Various strategies are to be implemented to improve core business processes, such as logistics, innovation, transparency, distribution and inventory, management of point sale (POS) data. Retail majors are under serious pressure to improve their supply chain systems and distribution channels and reach the levels of quality and service desired by the consumers. Frauds in Retail:It is one of the primary challenges the companies would have to face. Frauds, including vendor frauds, thefts, shoplifting and inaccuracy in supervision and administration are the challenges that are difficult to handle. This is so even after the use of security techniques, such as CCTVs and POS systems. As the size of the sector would increase, this would increase the number of thefts, frauds and discrepancies in the system.

Challenges with Infrastructure and Logistics:The lack of proper infrastructure and distribution channels in the country results in inefficient processes. This is a major hindrance for retailers as a non-efficient distribution channel is very difficult to handle and can result in huge losses. Infrastructure does not have a strong base in India. Urbanization and globalization are compelling companies to develop infrastructure facilities. Transportation, including railway systems, has to be more efficient. Highways have to meet global standards. Airport capacities and power supply have to be enhanced. Warehouse facilities and timely distribution are other areas of challenge. To fully utilize India's potential in retail sector, these major obstacles have to be removed.

Employee TurnoverLack of worker continuity, or employee turnover, is one of the major problems faced by the retail industry.. Employees coming in and out of your business as if it were a revolving door only creates problems for human resource professionals who must constantly find and train new staff, which can eat up valuable time and resources.AuditingAuditing is another problem that the retail industry faces on a regular basis. Retail businesses are regularly engaged in competition with one another, and this competition can create price wars, forcing a need to keep tight control over inventory and other important data. Metric Stream, Inc. notes that the retail industry is often faced with inefficient and poor auditing plans that make competing with other companies difficult. The company notes that existing auditing systems may be outdated and provide inadequate audits needed to stay competitive.Economic ChallengesAnother area of challenge for the retail industry is the economic uncertainty it faces moving forward. The retail industry as a whole is largely dependent upon the economic well-being of the nation. As the nation prospers and people have more money to spend, the retail industry generally flourishes. However, in more difficult economic times, the retail industry is often faced with potential shrinkage. Columbus IT also indicates that the future uncertainty of global economic markets makes economic planning difficult in the retail world.TechnologyKeeping up with the pace of modern technology is another problem the retail industry faces. For instance, retail point of sale technology often uses computer systems that are several years behind the computer industry as a whole. An article in Mobile Commerce Daily by Peter Finocchiaro points out that the inability of retail industry technology to keep up with initiatives such as mobile digital coupons is a problem that the industry regularly faces. Given the rate of turnover and the constantly changing economic environment, constantly upgrading and keeping their equipment and networks running on the newest technologies can be difficult for retail leaders

Prospects:Retail industry is the largest industry in India, with an employment of around 8 per cent toover 10 per cent of the country's Gross Domestic Product. Retail industry in India is expectedto rise 25 per cent yearly being driven by strong income growth, changing lifestyles, andfavorable demographic patterns.

It is expected that by 2016 modern retail industry in India will be worth US$ 175- 200 billion.India retail industry is one of the fastest growing industries with revenue expected to amountUS$ 320 billion and is increasing at a rate of 5 per cent yearly. A further increase of 7-8 percent is expected in the industry of retail in India by growth in consumerism in urban areas,rising incomes, and a steep rise in rural consumption. It has further been predicted that theretailing industry in India will amount to US$ 21.5 billion by 2010 from the current size ofUS$ 7.5 billion.The scope of the Indian retail market is immense for this sector is poised for thehighest growth in the next 5 years. The India retail industry contributes 10 per cent of thecountries GDP and its current growth rate is 8.5 per cent. In the Indian retail market the scopefor growth can be seen from the fact that it is increased to US$ 608.9 billion in 2009 fromUS$ 394 billion in 2005.

The organized retailing sector in India is only 8 per cent and is expected to rise to 25-30 per cent by the year 2012. There are under construction at present around 325Departmental stores, 300 new malls, and 1500 supermarkets. This proves that there is atremendous scope for growth in the Indian retail market.

The growth of scope in the Indian retail market is mainly due to the change in theConsumers behavior. For the new generation have preference towards luxury commoditieswhich have been due to the strong increase in income, changing lifestyle, and demographicPatterns which are favorable.

Among the major developments in the retail sector, DLF Limited, the bignameinIndian real estate business has cleared its intentions to come up in retail segmentwith 500 luxury lifestyle stores through out India within 5 years while Tata Sonsare expanding their business activities with 100 new Croma stores under theirretail head Infiniti retail with in 3 years.Creative Portico is now planning to set up 50 exclusive Tommy Hilfiger outletsof premium home furnishings brand in India whereas Mark & Spencer, which ispresently operating 15 stores in India, is expected to open 10 new stores in lessthan 5 years.

In the next phase of retail revolution in India, the companies are going to woothe rural segment as the hinterland has witnessed an upsurge in economicdevelopment over the past few years hence maximum growth is expected tocome from rural markets. During the last decade, the per capita income hasgrown up by 50 per cent in rural India, mainly on account of rise in agri-commodity prices and improved productivity, concluded the Assocham Study.

CHAPTER 6 -SUGGESTIVE MEASURE FOR REDUCING THE STRESS LEVEL Copying with stress If you are currently employed in a retail career, whether you are a manager or a sales assistant, we have prepared a number of tips designed to help you cope with excessive stress: Talk to someone you trust. Career counselling can help, as it is totally unbiased and focuses on your specific needs Work regular hours and make sure you take all the breaks and the holidays you are entitled to Book a day off or a long weekend Avail yourself of flexible working practices if available Look after yourself. This could mean anything from exercising at least 3 times a week to changing your diet Cut down on alcohol and cigarette consumption; such short term solutions will only add to your stress levels in the long term Make your work environment comfortable and suited to your needs Discuss your problems with your manager/HR department, it is their responsibility to help you cope with stress at work Treat your colleagues with the respect they deserve or as you would like to be treated yourself If you are being bullied at work seek help either through your superior/HR or from outside advisors (Citizens Advice Bureau etc.)

CHAPTER 7 -RECOMMENDATION & CONCLUSION -This research throws light on various strengths and weaknesses of Pantaloon and can also help Pantaloon to improve on different fronts in order to have an edge over its competitors. Based on the analysis and findings of my research I would like to give following recommendations: 1. Pantaloon needs to improve so that it can accommodate more kinds of products and also provide space for children coming with their parents to play and have fun so that for them visiting Pantaloon becomes exciting.

2. Pantaloon should incorporate more variety of products in its basket so that it provides the convenience of availability of all things under one roof to its customers. Variety of products should specially be increased in traditional wear for women, Footwear, jewellery, cosmetics and more varieties in watches. More varieties in sizes in jeans, Shirts.

3. Sitting area should be there for children and old people, so that they can sit while other family members doing shopping.

4. More computers should be included and number of billing counters should be increased especially during the festive season and sales, so as to speed up the process of billing and avoid large queues.

5. If possible more attractive discount and offers should be given in order to attract more customers.

6. Staff should be trained properly to assist people and to make them understand the benefits of green card membership, it will strengthen Customer loyalty.

7. Other Recommendations include introduction of a Book corner for the book lovers and making shopping more joyful.

CONCLUSION:This research report aims to study consumer attitude towards Pantaloon and highlights its strengths and weaknesses in order that Pantaloon can fight the competition in a better way. Though Pantaloon captures a different market and is giving competition to big players like Vishal mega mart and big bazaar. Retail in India is a booming sector nowadays and Pantaloon should try to benefit more from it. Recommendations given should be considered by Pantaloon in order to emerge as a winner in long run.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:1.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_management 2.http://www.detail2retail.com/stress_at_work3. ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF MARKETING AND MANAGEMENT REVIEW , SUNITA SIKRI & Ms. DIPTI WADHWA4.www.indianresearchjournals.co.5.Kavitha.R,Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work, Sri Krishna Arts & Science College,Coimbatore6.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantaloon_Retail_India7. Principles of marketing By PHILIP KOTLER. 8. http://pantaloon.futurebazaar.com/indexPantaloon.jsp.

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REFFERENCE

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Mohanty, A.K.& Panda, J. (2008), Retailing in India: Challenges and Opportunities, The OrissaJournal of Commerce, Vol. XXIX, NO.2, Bhubaneswar, July, pp. 69-79.

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Biyani, K. (2007), CEO, Future Group Retailing in the creative economy, India Retail Report, An Images F&R Research, pp.330-333. Available at: www.indiaretailing.com Gellner, A. (2007), The sportswear Retail segment: Problems & Prospects, India Retail Report, An Kearney, A.T. (2007) India: The next retail growth story, India retail report, An Images F&

Shivkumar, S(2009),Executive Director, Retail and Consumer Practices Price Warehouse Cooperative, India Retail Report, An Images F&R Research, pp.6. Available at:www.indiaretailing.com Yuvarani, R. (2010), Future Trends of Retail in India, edit online article: www.articlesbase.com

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