a combat support agency defense information systems agency dod – long term spectrum strategy (dod...
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A Combat Support Agency
Defense Information Systems Agency
DoD – Long Term Spectrum Strategy (DoD - LTSS)
Defense Spectrum OrganizationDecember 2011
2010
1975
A Combat Support Agency
• Background• Presidential Memorandum, Unleashing the Wireless Broadband Revolution, June 2010
• Directs NTIA to collaborate with FCC to reach 500 MHz target in 10 years
• Calls for R&D plan on sharing techniques
• The Federal Communication Commission (FCC), National Broadband Plan (NBP), March 2010
• 500 MHz of spectrum to be made available over 10 years
• Expand opportunities for “innovative spectrum access models”
• Further R&D of opportunistic uses across more radio spectrum
• NTIA, Plan and Timetable to Make Available 500 MHz of Spectrum for Wireless Broadband, October 2010
• Use modern technologies that mitigate interference and facilitate sharing of spectrum• The EM Spectrum is a finite resource that is increasingly becoming contested and congested with many competing user
requirements• We need to assure warfighter access – national military strategy• We need to balance competing factors that include economic, technical and policy
• Requirement• DoD must develop and implement a comprehensive spectrum strategy that address the warfighters requirement for spectrum access and supports
our overall national interest
• Approach • Develop a collaborative DoD focused strategy in parallel with actions that address current high priority spectrum issues that include developing
implementation plans and providing execution support• The resulting strategy, implementation plan and execution support will constantly be evolving in “beta version”. Like cyberspace itself, the strategy
and plan will always be changing — adjusting to new developments in technologies and markets
Background
A Combat Support Agency
The National Military Strategy of the United States of America
Global Commons and Globally Connected Domains – Assured access to and freedom of maneuver within the globalcommons – shared areas of sea, air, space and Cyber
A Combat Support AgencyBLUF
– DoD cannot afford to giveaway more exclusive rights to spectrum without a full appreciation of spectrum requirements
– The DoD needs to understand other spectrum stakeholder requirements
– The DoD – LTSS must be, flexible, comprehensive, defendable and collaborative
– Need to act on near term spectrum issues– Spectrum must be part of a national net-centric strategy
– DoD – LTSS effort must leverage technology in concert with developing a long term strategy
The DoD must help shape the spectrum landscape
A Combat Support Agency
DoD – LTSSTenets
DoD must develop a strategy for spectrum use that includes:
– Assured spectrum access to meet mission/warfighter requirements
– Current and future DoD spectrum requirements
– Application of technologies that allow greater sharing with commercial users
– Clear implementation plan with measureable activities and periodic assessment of completion
– A near, mid and long-term construct
– Consideration of past efforts – Lessons learned
Spectrum When and Where Needed by the Warfighter
A Combat Support Agency
DoD Spectrum AvailabilityDoD Spectrum Availability Trends Trends
Decrease in Available Spectrum
Increase in Warfighter Spectrum Requirements
• If no action…DoD capabilities will be reduced as more spectrum dependent equipment operations are restricted
BBA97
Gulf War
Gulf War
•Worldwide demand for spectrum is increasing, DoD is losing spectrum access
OBRA93
UAS
Situational Awareness
Net-CentricOperations
•DoD spectrum requirements are increasing – some bands saturated
Technology may help change the shape of these curves•Cognitive systems of systems•Dynamic Spectrum
Access (DSA)•Multiuser Detection (MUD)•Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)•Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN)•Inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC)•Interference tolerance
Technology may help change the shape of these curves•Cognitive systems of systems•Dynamic Spectrum
Access (DSA)•Multiuser Detection (MUD)•Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)•Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN)•Inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC)•Interference tolerance
WRC-92
WRC-95
WRC-97NBP
A Combat Support Agency
75 meters 7.5 meters 0.75 meters7.5 cm 7.5 mm
1 MHz 10 MHz 100 MHz 1 GHz 10 GHz
Reflects from the sky
Penetrates buildings and some terrain features
Follows Earth’s curvature Travels in a straight line
Reflects from buildings
Reflects inside rooms
Best for mobile broadband (~300 MHz – 3.5 GHz)
Fades in the rain
Limited Spectrum for Mobile Broadband
Opportunity Window: The best frequencies for mobile broadband are high enough that the antenna can be made conveniently compact yet not so high that signals will fall to penetrate buildings. This leaves a relatively narrow range of frequencies available for use (red band)
“Prime Real Estate”Prime Real Estate”
DoD - RADAR, Data, Nav., Sensors, Satellite, Mobile……….
CurrentChallenges
A Combat Support Agency
100 kHz
10 MHz
20MHz
30 MHz
40 MHz
50MHz
60MHz
70 MHz
80MHz
90MHz
MEDEVACUAV/UGV
Battlefield Sensor
Navigation AidsUAV
UGVUAV
ATC EOD
Tactical HF Tactical FM/SINCGARS
MSRT
Ship-Shore-Ship Link 11
Over-the-Horizon Radar
Perimeter Detection
Security Sensor
UAV
IntruderDetection Radar
Beacons
Position Location
JTRS Clusters Implementation
Security
MEDEVAC
ATC, REMBASS, Battlefield SensorsEmergency
Locator, Rescue
Radar,
MW Landing
TACAN
100 MHz
200 MHz
300 MHz
400 MHz
500 MHz
600 MHz
700 MHz
800 MHz
900 MHz
1000 MHz
Tactical UHF (Ter/SAT) EPLRS Tactical MW
UAV
RF TagsVIICS
Wireless Comm, BattlegroupCellular
JTIDSUHF, AM
UGV D/L, Sonobuoy
MSE/HAVEQUICK
Flight Deck Soldier Intercom UAV
Control, Sonobuoy
Search Radar
Radar
Intrusion Detection
Tac VHF
JTRS Clusters Implementation
Tactical PCS
TACANL2, L4/L3, L1
MSE, Tactical WB, Precision Munitions,
UAV, UGV
2 GHz
3GHz
4 GHz
5 GHz
6 GHz
21 GHz
30 GHz
40 GHz
1 GHz
Tropo
Fire Control/Tracking Radar,
MW SensorDSCS
TerrainRadar
Surveillance,Fire Control Radar
EHF Radio,BCIS
Acquisition/Surveillance/ATC Radar/INMARSAT/
IRIDIUM/ICIDSSurveillance/Search/
FC Radar
UAV
MW Landing
Challenge Athena, INMARSAT
MW,Sensor
CDL, TCDL,SCDL, WB DLs
Data Link MILSTAR,GBS
GBS
Search, Fire Control Radar
UAV
IFF,GPS L5
Intrusion Detection
JTRS Clusters Implementation
GPS
UGV,Missile DL
Soldier Radio,Wireless LAN
100 kHz
10 MHz
20MHz
30 MHz
40 MHz
50MHz
60MHz
70 MHz
80MHz
90MHz
MEDEVACUAV/UGV
Battlefield Sensor
Navigation AidsUAV
UGVUAV
ATC EOD
Tactical HF Tactical FM/SINCGARS
MSRT
Ship-Shore-Ship Link 11
Over-the-Horizon Radar
Perimeter Detection
Security Sensor
UAV
IntruderDetection Radar
Beacons
Position Location
JTRS Clusters Implementation
Security
MEDEVAC
ATC, REMBASS, Battlefield SensorsEmergency
Locator, Rescue
Radar,
MW Landing
TACAN
100 MHz
200 MHz
300 MHz
400 MHz
500 MHz
600 MHz
700 MHz
800 MHz
900 MHz
1000 MHz
Tactical UHF (Ter/SAT) EPLRS Tactical MW
UAV
RF TagsVIICS
Wireless Comm, BattlegroupCellular
JTIDSUHF, AM
UGV D/L, Sonobuoy
MSE/HAVEQUICK
Flight Deck Soldier Intercom UAV
Control, Sonobuoy
Search Radar
Radar
Intrusion Detection
Tac VHF
JTRS Clusters Implementation
Tactical PCSSecurity
MEDEVAC
ATC, REMBASS, Battlefield SensorsEmergency
Locator, Rescue
Radar,
MW Landing
TACAN
100 MHz
200 MHz
300 MHz
400 MHz
500 MHz
600 MHz
700 MHz
800 MHz
900 MHz
1000 MHz
100 MHz
200 MHz
300 MHz
400 MHz
500 MHz
600 MHz
700 MHz
800 MHz
900 MHz
1000 MHz
Tactical UHF (Ter/SAT) EPLRS Tactical MW
UAV
RF TagsVIICS
Wireless Comm, BattlegroupCellular
JTIDSUHF, AM
UGV D/L, Sonobuoy
MSE/HAVEQUICK
Flight Deck Soldier Intercom UAV
Control, Sonobuoy
Search Radar
Radar
Intrusion Detection
Tac VHF
JTRS Clusters Implementation
Tactical PCS
TACANL2, L4/L3, L1
MSE, Tactical WB, Precision Munitions,
UAV, UGV
2 GHz
3GHz
4 GHz
5 GHz
6 GHz
21 GHz
30 GHz
40 GHz
1 GHz
2 GHz
3GHz
4 GHz
5 GHz
6 GHz
21 GHz
30 GHz
40 GHz
1 GHz
Tropo
Fire Control/Tracking Radar,
MW SensorDSCS
TerrainRadar
Surveillance,Fire Control Radar
EHF Radio,BCIS
Acquisition/Surveillance/ATC Radar/INMARSAT/
IRIDIUM/ICIDSSurveillance/Search/
FC Radar
UAV
MW Landing
Challenge Athena, INMARSAT
MW,Sensor
CDL, TCDL,SCDL, WB DLs
Data Link MILSTAR,GBS
GBS
Search, Fire Control Radar
UAV
IFF,GPS L5
Intrusion Detection
JTRS Clusters Implementation
GPS
UGV,Missile DL
Soldier Radio,Wireless LAN
Spectrum - Conflicting Requirements Spectrum - Conflicting Requirements DoD Use Below 40 GHzDoD Use Below 40 GHz
= Commercial interest
A Combat Support Agency
Technology Focus
Technology focus areas the DoD team is researching:
• Communications Network Efficiency -- waveform and networking designs
• Integrated Spectrum Resource Management -- spectrum situational awareness and resource brokering
• Spectrum Sharing Capabilities -- enable government and commercial systems to share
• Exploit alternative spectrum -- new technologies that would allow moving higher in the spectrum
• Interference Mitigation and Hardening of DoD systems -- protect DoD systems from commercial in-band interference.
• DSA Technologies - Identifying/break down “roadblocks” for thorough testing• Policy-based management rule sets to implement the Real-Time Spectrum Operations
• Wireless Technology Sandboxes -- Rapidly prototype and evaluate promising concepts and technologies for spectrum sharing and spectrum efficiency improvements
Strategic focus must be on additional R&D to adapt how DoD uses and coordinates spectrumLeveraging expertise/capabilities from DARPA, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, MITRE, DSO, others
A Combat Support Agency
Strategy Development
National Interest
DoDRequirements
PolicyEconomics
Spectrum Stakeholders
TechnologyDriven
Strategy
Implementation Plan
Execution
Influence
Evolving
