a continuation of mr. john clayton's account of virginia

A Continuation of Mr. John Clayton's Account of VirginiaAuthor(s): John ClaytonSource: Philosophical Transactions (1683-1775), Vol. 18 (1694), pp. 121-135Published by: The Royal SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/102448 .

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III A Cottinuation of Mr. John CIayton*w A¢* cozat of Virginia.

Of the BeaJ?s of Virginia.

H E R E were ncitlwer Horfcs, Bulls, Cows, SheepX s¢ Pkila%.

§ or Svvine, in a11 the CouneryJ before thz com trant;6t i-ng of the Englip, as I 11ave heard, and have muctl20US,Z06. rcaton to believe. But 1low amongA the EngliJS Irlha biiants there are good ftore of HorIcs, though tbey are rery 17Cgligent arjd carelefs about the Breed: ft is true, t5zere is a Law) tllat nc) Horfe lhall be kept Rorled under a certain fizet but it is not put in Execution. Such a.s t!ley areP tllere are good Ilorc, and as claeap or chcaper than irl Eriglaal, wZortla about Five Pounds apiece. Tlney rlever Shec thcm, norStable them in general; forne Ifew Gentlemen may be Something more Curious, but it is very rare; yer tlley Ride )retty {)8arply, a Planter's P<3ce is a ProverbX uXhicll is a good flarp Hand-Gallop. Thc lsdiats flave not yet Icarrled to Ride, only the King of Pomonkte had got three or four Horfes for his own Saddle, and an Attendant, which I think lhould in no wi(e be irldlltged, for I look on the allowing them Hor- ts muc'n more dangerous than e?en Guns and PQW- cler.

Zzld Bgns and CouPs therc are now in tlle tlnialabi- trd 13artsX tut fuch cnly as have been bred from feme that nas7e Arayed, and become Wild, and hasre prepav gatc(] their liind, and are dilZicult to be {hot, llavinb a breat Acutene& of Slmelling. The Common Kate of a Cow and Calf, is so s. fight unScen, be the big or littlet tlley are never very Curtous to- Examin.e that Poitlt.

Their Sheep are of a midling fi1Ze, prctty t5rle fleeced general, and moft PerSons of ERatg begin to keep



( xtw)

Flocks, whicb httherto has not bectl much regardedX be caurC of the Wolves that deItroy them; fo that a Piece of Nlutton is a tSncr Treat, than either Vef)ifons MVild G()oS, Duck, Widgeon, or Tcal.

IElke, I have tlcard of tIlem beyotzd tlle Inh3lJitantsX and rlat there was ont prcHc^ted to Sir WSiXtiam BessleyX wthicll hc fomctxmc liEpt.

Deer, thcre arc abundance of brave Red Decr, [C) tIlat a goo(l Wood.<man, as they call tilcJm, will keep a I-IouSe vith Vcrjifon; the Iadian3, they fay. rnake Artifacial [orts of tIcads of Bouglls of Trtts} wllicll tilcy Contet crate to tlleir Gods, and the(e ttley put on tv dcceive the f3Cer wlerJ they gQ a SIrooting or Hunting, as they call it, arld by mimilsing the ̂ ete3ing of tht Dcer3 tiley by degrecs get witlir] SIOt.

Su)i,ae, tIlty havc now in great aLunc3"nre) S zoats, or lorkrels flre their gentral Food; arld J bclifwvc AS gOOd

as any S7efphalia, certainly far excetc3ing our ErzliJh. Rackoane, I take it to be a Species of a Mooky, fomew

tlairg lels than a FoxX graywhair'dX its F£et Sc+rmcel Jllfe a Hand, and tlle Face too has likcwife tile reremblanwe of a Monkies, befides besng kept tame, thCy are \7cfy

Apilh: They are very prejudlcial to tlatir Poultrcy, as I remcmber

An Opofom, as big, and fomething lhaped lilfe tur Badgers, but of a lightcr Dun coloura Wlttl a long Tai! fomething lilic a Rat, but as tllick as a Man's TIlumb; the Skin of itS 8Clly iS very large, and fol]ed fo as to meet ilse a Purfe, wllercin tlley fecure tlltir YGung uZhilR litt}t and tender, w]ich wi!l as nat.uraly run thl-

tller, as Chlclct}s to a FIen X in tfles6e falfe B;Iles tiley

will carry tlleir Yollng; theft alfo feed ons and dcvowr C'ornZ

A]areh many will have tllem to be a HedgoRakbetn but I know ntt what they mdar} thereby. I taku t12en

to be a perfett Sptcies of y{aresX becaulc 1 lZave [een

tevert;s



( It3 )

Lescrets there wRitll the white fpot in tke EIead, wllicft theOld ones flave not, fo it is in ExgZaxd, and tleX Down is ptrfeEly ef tlle colour of our Hares>they f.lt as our Hares do, and malie no lIoles and Burrows in tlle §sarth; true, tiley are but about tllc bigne& of an EngliyEo B.al)bet, and rl1n no faSler; they gcnerally talsv iSte) {s-}mc llollov Tree wyitlIin a littlv fipace, wllich then tlIS 1'cz1)1e catclI by gatlaering the witllered teaves, and Setw tillg tllem on firc WitiliN thc llol]t-w ot the TreeX ai

fmvalsirg af tlem fs till ttley fa11 dowxw St)tRlU£iSlUS they talse tong Bryars, and tvill theln in tlle D()wn and Sliill, ancl fo pull tl-Xern fortl*

S2zwirrels) tlaere are three forts. The fir/;R i$ the great Fox Squirrel, Inuch larger than the Engl9Jh, and grayF aImoA as a common Rabbet. ThtSc are atery commol1? I 11ave caten of them at tlIe beR Gentlemens Tables, and they are ?^s gOOd as a Rabbet. The Second i5 the. FIying Squirrels of a ligllter l:)un colotlr, and much lefis than the E<gliJD Squirrel; tlac Skin ort eitlacr f1de the ]3elly extended is very large betwixt the forcltg and hindleg, which 11elps them much ixl their skippirg from one BougTl to another, that they will leap fartller thau tlle Fox-Squirrel, though much le&, yet this is flill ra- ther shippin-g tllan flying,though tXle diRind:tion be well enougll. 1"he Tllird is the Grollnd^Squirrel, I nelrer favv any of tllis fort, only I have beerl told of tilem, and 12ave [lad them thus detcribed to meX to be little bigger tlzan a MouSe, fitlety fpottc] like a young Fawn; by wI<at I further apprehended, tlley are an abSolute lort of Dor Mou{oe, only diffiercrlt in colour.

Argk-RatsX in all things Shaped lffc our WaterRatsw only fomething larger, and is an abSolute Species of Wa- ter*Rats, only having a curious Musliy fcent I l<ept one for a certain time in a wooden Cheft; two days bciore it dyed it svas extraordinary Odoriferous, and fientc>d tlae Room srery murll; but the day t!<at it dycdX arul a elay

T X aRer



( ^4 ) after the fcent was very fmall, yet aft-erwards the Skin was rery fragrant, the Stones alSo rmelt very we1]. They build HouSes a5 Beavers do, in tile Marfhes, and Swaxnps (as they there call tllem) by the Waterrfides, with two or tllree ways into tllem, antJ tl,Cy are fincly

daubee;l withirl; I pulled one in piects prpQt jy t0 {ee tileContrivance: There werc threc (liScrcntLodging Rooms, vcry neat, one higller tlaan anotller, as I con- ceive purpoWcly madc for Rctiretucnt, wlacn t11e \Vater rifes 11igher tllan ordinary; they are confiderably largeX having much Trafh and Lumbre ta make tlacir Houtcs withal, I fuppofe they lisrc mollly on Fin1.

Batts, as I remember at leaE two Corts; one a largc Sort with long Ears, arsd particularly long IRragling hairs. Tlle other much like theEagli#, fometIling largcr I thinks very common.

I nesrer heard of any Lioas, they told mc of a Crca- ture killed whilll I was there, in GloceNer Couney wllich I conceived to be a fort of Pard, or Tygcr.

Bears tllere areX and yet but fcw in the lnIaal)itcd part of Zirginia; towards c4rolina therc are many more. There was a Small Bcar killed witllin thrcc Miles of yames City the Year tllat I left tlle Country, but it was fuppofedtohavefirayed, and fwam overyamesAiver. They are noe very fercc, their F]C(ll is commendcd tor a very Rich fort of PorIs, but ttlc lying fi1de of tllc lSclar, as I remember, is but half the valuc of tlle othtrt sveight for weiglst.

Therc are Scvcral fiorts of zilJ (Cats, and PoJU Cars. Beav£rs builei thtir HouSes in like tnanncr as ttle

MusZ-llats do, only mucll larger, and with pieces of WimberalalfeDamsoverRivers; as rfiuppofe cfther to prefcrve thcir Furrs dry in tll ̂ ir paiabc OVCt tiV; Lo';ivtrSs

othcrwiS to catcEl Fiffi by flanding to vlatch t71t'fiil tll>wXrC-

on. and jumping upon tIlem on a fudUcn; tll<-y arc very fubtit Creatures, and if half of tIzc Stories St trut

tlat



C tzs ) that I have been told, they llavc a vcry Orderly Gnz vcrntuent among(l tllcm; in their Worlss cach linotsis his propcr Worls, and Station, and tllC Over{cers 6cat tilole Young Ones that loitcr in tlltir 13u;nCfis, and will make tllCm cry, and EzorlI flolltly.

Htolues tlltt^C are great Rorc; arou UX:y 11ofar a Com- pany Htsnting ill Atl EScningx afld elping lile a ¢acif ot LSca ,lcs; but tllely are vcry coxvardlyX anel tlare {care tcnttlrcb on any rililig tllat laces thetn, yC't it risnor7t M ill pull doss n a good large Slzeep that Ilits Xorn ttIem I ncvcr l<Card ttIat any ot tlucm acivcnturcd tO fet on lSIan or CCllild.

eoxes, they arc very mucll likc ov1rs, only tlsewr Furr iS lnUCtl more grizle(i, or gray; neithler do [ remeenUtr cvct to 1lave {Ccn any i'OXwIlOlC'S) but of tlsis I am nzt pofitive.

Evcry Houft keeps tllree or fourMIlngrel Dcgs to dcAroy Vermin, fuclI as tolves, Boxes,RdckooxsO,nofioms, &c. But they never Hunt with H>oun i1s,, 1 ft}ppe>1c, be- cauSe thcre are fo talany t3ranc11cs of Rivcrs) tllat they cannst lollow tlacm. Ncither clo tlaey keep Grey- Hollnds, becauCc thcy fay, tllae ehcy are fubC& tO break their Necks by running againA Trees, and any Cur will ferve to run tlacir Hares into a hollow Tree, wltre after tllc aforeldid manner they catclx them.

Tlley havrc great Itore botll of Land and Water torZai,iesX but tley are very fmall, I ttlink I never faw any in that Country to exceecl a Fost in lengtll; there is alto another Sort of Land-TortoiSc. difEcrent from the common {ort, WitlI a 1wigher ridged Back, and fivecklcci witll red lort of Spots.

Frogs they havc of tEVeral firts, one of a Pr; (3Xgious largencts, Eigllt or Tcn times as big as any in Esgland, and it makes a ftrangW noite, fom^tilirlg like ttlM Belot#- ing of a Bull, or betwixt tlaat, ancl tlle hollos stou{zding noiIc that the Eeglzy7v Ditterxl X2aliCse

Another



( tfi ) Anatl-er ztcry cotumon fortX wllicll tlacy call Sa4,

lecauSt blackl 1Xut 6 thsnl; dillers notlling from our Llack Frog. Tllty lxave Tcads alto likc cours in B)glatV; 3nd .notIwer iali [ort of Frog} wllicl; malics a noifc lilQc l'ac;X-florLd Belis a11 tlc Sl)ring long. Ataotl<er little grieen Frog, tI<at wil lcap prodigiounyX whicll they thertf>sre call tlle Flying Frog. There is Requcatly lleard in the Woods a Illrill fort of noiSe, mucll lilse tbat wlxcll our SIzrew-MouSe makes, but mucll fharpcr; X could never learn the certait)ty what it was that made tlis noiSe, it is generally in a Tree, and Some lave aSe fertcel to rne, that it was made by the grcen Frog, yet I Sclrcely bclieve it. Mr. Rani/ler QffiUf(>il SkC i*. was sna(c l;y a f)rtof Scaraheu:s Bett12) tlat ss I tstitlk tall SS big 3S ttlC l-TutillalAr?g*l3ird; but ntstil£ (!o I btlIt\tC vlata and for tllis llcafonX for I Fles7cr (a>w tIat BScthe rO

low as tfc SItsa but always as higll up in the Country as the Frethes, and that noiS is ficquent all over tbe Country.

Lizard;, tllat are gray, and very common, ttlc Snakes feed mucil on tIlemX for I haarc taken {everal of tllcm out of the bellits of Snakes.

SaaSs about EVCN feveral fior", The Kattle-SnakeX fio called ftom certain Kattles at tlze cnd tf the rail; theSc ftattles iem likc fo many perifhcd Joynts, bving a dry Husk over certain Joynts, and the common Opi- nion is, ttlac tlzere are as many Rattles or Joynts, as tElt Snake is Years old; I kill'd four or five, and tlley harJ earll eleven, twelvc, or tllirtten Joynts eacl1, but thc ZLroung ones Ilave no Rattles of a Year or two, bllt ahey may be lfnown notwit}X{,anding, being very regu- larJy cJiced or cEecker'd, blaclf, and gray on the baclss : Ilwe Old Ihake and {hiver thefe Rattles writll wonderful nimblenefs wben they are AIly ways diRurbcd; their bite is Vcry deadly, yet not aJways of tlle fime force, but more or lcEs Mortal, accordingly as the Snake is in

fossce



( tt7 ) force or vigour, and therefore in jte or 3taSy mUct w(3rfe, and more Mortal, tllan in JAarCP and April This Snake is a very Majefiick fort of Creature, and will fcarce meddle with any tIling unlefs prov(,lsed, l3ut if any tt-stng (fIcnd it, it malsus (3ireflly a.r them. [ was told a plcafalrt Kitory Of arl (91d W5nF 1{805-]a(} (*89] Clebarx as l rtsm<m?¢er was hts Namc tElc farnel t hat int vile Rattle SnaI<£s tc) tlle Aeyal Sociery ft8tllt YtXars fncc. He had an G22 Fancy of ketvping l()tt of thefe SnaRcs always tn Earrels in the FlouSe, and one titnf an

Ikdi} prtending to Charm them ft3 as to trll;c thern by the Neek in llis Iland witllollt biting of Ili.n; t11e Old Gentleman cau(Ud a RattIc-Sna!<e to bv brolugIlt forttl} tlle Isdian began llis Charm with a little UVand X

wlSsking it rourd and round tlle Rattle SnaIt's FI>d, bringing it by degces nlglaer and rligller, and at lengt!- flang tbe SwiEch away, an(3 wllxsked his Han .Xbout in like manner, bringing his Hand nigher Rill and nigller, by taking lefs Circles, hen ttle Old G5ntleman imm- eliately tlic tEle Snake witla his CrutcIl, and tl> Snakc Enapt(l tEsc Indiaa by the Hand,and bit llim very Iharply betwixt the FingersX w!ich put hls Cl<arm to an end, and he roared OWt; but Aretctid llis Arm out as 1)tg'1 as 11^ gould, calling fior a ltrirlgll wherewith he botund llis Arm as har(l as poMlbly he collld, and clapt a 11at burnw ing Coal thereon, and fitzged it I:toutly, nvI3ereby lle was cureds but loolied palc a long while aCter. Ard r believe this truly one of the btIl ways in the Worll oc Caring the Bite either of Viper or Ma(l Dog. I was wi;d tile H snourable ESquire Boyle, w+tltin he :nade c¢r. tain Exparirnoots of Curing the BltF of Vipf;vrss uZt1-; certaln EAtAxdea Snake-ftoness that were fcnt Ilim by Kir.g 7vmes the S4co:ldX thv tC+en ancl fome of thc Nobility. purpo*<Cly to tlave itilll try t6]tir Vertue and E(E acy: Fcr tlzat erjd lze gvt rOi brlStS XJIperss and nade tIstz bitc the Thig!?S of cers:ain PulIts, anul r]zo

RreaRs



( tt8 ) BreafEs of others; he applyed nothing to one of-the Pullets, and it dyed witlain thrce Minutes and a halE, as I remembcr; but I think they all recs3vered to which he applyed the Snakc fonesX though they turned won- dertiul pa, their Comb§, Sc. immediatelys and they bccanze- cxtream ficlf, and purged wttllin -half an hour,, and the next Morning a11 thvir Fle{ll utas turned greerl to a wondor, rlevertElclefs they rccovered by degrees: Tlae marz3Xcr oi the Applicativn was only by la j?ing on the 3t0ne, and by two crofis"Dits of a vcry Ilicking Dia- catgnq I71afl:er binding it on, w7hich he let not lye on paft an l<^ur or twwo, but I ttlinl nor So ]ong, too\- the Stonc oR, and put it intoMilk for Otnt time; fotne

Stoncs wrjre of rujuch llronger Vertue tllan orlXcrs. r prnpol'dd a p ¢e of unquench'd Lime*Rane to be spplyv,] to 1ve \-s>I1CLI]4r it migtlt not prove as pe)serfu!, bl2r know not wlctl}:r tvcr it was tryed; but here on tel- ling zt4r.Boyle tE-le Xtory of tlliS Andian, -he approved tw^e it4G>tOd of CJu;eX and faid, an adual Cautery %73S

elic mvA certain Cure. Tnv PoiSon, both of Viper and Mad Dog (a) I corceive) ki11 by thickning of tlac Blood, agtJr t11¢1 Inannwr that Runnct congeals N1111s u hen tlley Inake CJIatt2. Vipcrs, and all the viperGus Brond, as Ita¢t!e Snals.s, &c. thst are deadly, llave f b0iV-c their PoiSonous Tecth FiRulous, fOr fO I havc obSer; ed thar E-p.rx Tc.1Xt Ia are, and the Rattl>Snakes very rsmark- able, atad tt;¢};eforn they Isill Sn very Cpc£d.1y by i;-J<92 lng ti ?o f<2n througtl til3[d Fiful5us Te£tI] into thc Pery MatS of Blood; but the Bite af Mad-Dogs iS oft

of long conitinuance beftere it get into ar3d corrupt tilc

Mars of B'ood, be,ng it Ricks only to the outtfsdes of tEle'reeth, and therefore when they bite thrcugh any thic,sntgs of Cloaths, it rarely prosts Morta!, the Cloaths wiping ttle PoiSon ofl5 b^fore it come to the Flefh. .4 Gide, tt.lAt vJ/3S bit about Nelv-Bears Day, continued well tiSi WhitJatiae, ,hen coming tO 6cE certan Friends in

our



( It9 )

our Parts, {he fell very ill, and being a Poor Girle, tSley came to me ¢ ie pleafed God I recotered tler. Sometime after {he returned to give me thanks for faving 11er LiSc being two Pcrfons that were bit with tllC famc Dog, were dead, whilft {1zc remained undPr Cure, and thereZ fore {he was tlle fullicr conviriccd {he owed her LiSc tc me; but of this I (hall give a tnore particular Inltance by and by. 13ut the Poitons of Vipers feems to be like the injeEirtg of Liquors int-o theVcins of Creatures: Dr. Moalin and I made many Experiments of this Na- ture togethor, and I have made many more by my [clfW We oncca 1 rcmember injeAed lialf a Dratn of Allom in- to the Jugular-V.cit1 of a Dog before the Royal Society, (the AiXom being only ditZolve(l in a littIt WaterA which wsithin fomething leEs tban one Minutes titne was fs a1D- foluely dead, 3S not tohave the IcaI} C>;nvulE;Swe Moz tion; and I havc done the like ¢with many other thirlgs befides Allcm, but with fame things it is more curelle1 and broken, than Wittl others; and will ditEer much both as to colour and confAsence. SaJr-Petre kisls much as quickly as Allom, 5Ut tIen tE-ac Bloted in tlaW Heart looks vcry floridX fmooth, and tV('J1. I wiffi fome Per- fion of Obfcrvation and Lei*urc svoulel. proR:cute thaSe forts of Expersments, and ma1{e InitEcions of the IIYC- ral things moR uSed in Phyficli into tlIe Mcins of Crca- tures, both in diicrent quantitits, and into diflircnt Vesns, as into the Thighveins of foluc Dogs, andJu- gulars of fome others, and in murh lLfler qut.A.tlties of Sucll things as kill fiudden!y: fUr in tilt littlt tina;#> [ t-laVe

bent in- the(H forts (3f ExpcrimcatsX T ca6ty per^eive ns- ste DiRoveries might be made thereby: One D!'RS

t w e Iived became Lame and 6Xouty; an*+lt!}v;r +.s !* >

QSiick*MiilYer dirXd, ill about Sixteen \VC£}(S titlltX, (v;a,'*

(umpriv7ea and I diScoxrered Q21iCt5* Siv$tr iN tl iC ; 0)1 + t ftI;rlate(3 parts (3f tlis Lungs. 25yS Uttlet,,wer tmo;>.e I?erSsns that i.l;R\tc been Flux>d} or llfed QXcle S.5 >C^

V Ow-;



( I3(r )

Oy n+nents, and tilt likeX and afteru?ards become XnZ fu:nptive, (wc not their DiRemper to the abufivenfe of a lnf3ft lEx"<*!le;n£ Remedy. Much afiter ttle fimc man ner, tE1e lQ5tilt Quicl si0ver getting ineo thc MaSs of Blrod t)y degrccs, tllroug}l itS pOlidCrO6lty fietttes in the LezUes oF £f1t Langs, and cauSes Ulccrs therc But to rcttirn: Tllw Pvi.%n of Vipers and Mad Dogs X fuppofe kiZl ly ttlickning of the BloodX as many Malignant Fcw vers a1(4 elo; in all wtlich calUs, t look on Volati Salts to l) t!)e propercll PPlyElck, as kccring tile Blood from cf nU,ciling. [ llad a fingular InAtnce llcreof in a Gcn t!cman of Lortire, bit with a Grcy-Hound on ttle Tur(Hay, not threc Minutes befbrc the Dog died mad; hc tit 11im in SUveral places of tlic Hands, as Ilc zas gi v ing 11im a I<emcdy : The Monday following the Gen^ ttUInan was very ill, and came to our T3>tn to an Apo t.tCeary llis A^qualntance, who knowing not what tO do, de{;red Iny Atilftance. When I cameX tl<e Gentleman could talIf, but cvery two or three Minutes 11e had vio 1ent Fit.SJ and wvould tell us w}en they were over, that t^s lSraIns worlfcel like Birme in an AI>Fat, and [f emed EQ trt3t>) tip at every Fit. TIze Apothecary had no VoNa- ti'e Satt of Viprs , fv r took ttlt Volatile ilt of Amit at d o, e!Crwd 11im Tcn Grains in Treacle;Water every half $)^^t11 : }-f t)!e1 mc every DoM (bemed to clear his Brain >X;J cool it as p r42dtSy) as if a Bafon of colc3 Water xvXre t)cJlJrcd on tlis M *.nd, but it returned by d£grees 3gain 0 }1lYing tllcrl a /t;i]atile vSalt lly me that V(mits tery >c1!) I g<src 11in a Dfe tiltrpof; it worked vcry well, at1d 11 xvas afXry mu£l luetter after it: I then or c! red Ilirn to cc)n.Lnue tlic Voiatile Salt of Am'6wr oncc entcry Sur laeur.o), and at cac11 two tlours etlds that is, bcturixt, S,:°c. FEeres Archonticon axd Rge poMer'6{ ana gr. X i. Zt11{ t ekiy he wyas fo u ell rUcofUcredX tlnat sAlithin ts e days 1lb ufflouid nceds g) I1^m>, ttn l¢ok after ffime uogerAt ASairJ, and 3fterwards found llim;lf E wells

that



( t31 ) tllat he forgot to return, and perfett ttle cOUrGe; an(f 1 heard no more of hirn for half a Ye.ar, svhen I uas fetch'd one Morning eo him in great llatt. He had be abrad, play'd the Good*Fellow, and in 11is rerurn homn, 12aving rode a great days Journeys being meary, and I fuppofe tSnding himSe:lf indifpatedX he fEzid al Night in our TosvrwX it being fortanately irl Ilis way. In the Atortng when he Ihould llave got up, 01e could not Itand, whercupon the Apotllecary was fent for, and a Sllrgeon to Blood him, whicb W as accordingly done, bur he grew worSe; for in ttllS care I I¢ok upon Blieding to be fery prejudicial, as well as in moR Malignant Fe vers, for thereby the Spirits are diminiRned, and the Blood congealed the looner.\heru they had donn a11 thDy coulds an;l the Symproms ftill increafied, they at lengtl tent for me. t never fiaw *Man or Cresture in that Agony in all my life,that T found bim inXfenteleSsyand mad, xvXlcn at beIl, but every Minute the fiercell lhiverings ran through him, his Eyes would firfc toll and tllen fet, as if ready to Ilart out of his Head, but above all, the Swel- }tng and LuZtation at his Breall,was as if he would burR, whlch went of with a prodigious figll . All this I judge the EieAs of the Heart labouring tO diN¢harge itfelf of the Ragnating Blood, and the Nervous ConvlJlfions os confequences thereof. Arld I am the more confirmed ia this, from what I faw in a Woman that was bit atrO B^ith a MadvDog in the Leg, and fell ill the very day rilat ffie had paid the Chirurgeon for her Cure; and norwitlafEand ing all that could be done, growing worSe, Tl1PY fent for me ; I went, and fourld her with what is callei a HyctroZ pbobia: She would looli earneRly after Drink or WaterX

and feem to de&re ie, but as fioorl as Ihe began to drirlks away ie went, beit what lt would, with the greate0t Erio-

lence fhe could po(llblyfling it. I gave hor the V.^,m hereafternd a16o before trlentioned, but fte gat but li*.tl) of it downX and I had no Inore with me; neverkhelefs

Y X it



( 13t )

it tQ brOUgIlt 12Cr tO ller i16 ehat ffie could anfwer Que Ilions, and I aske(J her, whether fhe was afraid of tle Drtnk and Water, wilen ffie flung tlle Cups in t}wat violent manner from Iler > Shze faldt No; but wl;en 1he oflbred to drinkfi hcr BreaR and Heat£ Vuz juld t^tit. Iet het ] bslscd, ssilltt'acr througll any itVtit &C-n ¢3r Xtis.$r > Slit xi]) rsoX tl1c MJ4S very trt}irtly; b-+ Wll¢+n n oired tO drilsk it RXuck to lltr Htarta at! i%\(t;)ptd t*t Breath. T})at is, as f apprthtrldy tlle ctjitt DrXozk txafling dowvn tile tRllroat i;lruck a ci3s'tzeS its tI Bluod, and made it readier to ftagnate: lstEtics tJ4:tv eery ad of I)rtnking 11tncOring the free lA>{sXatIling} conuax¢ed allo mucll tffilereta,

and t'<erefUre tile Htat was So fidderlly oppreSu' that

Che could not forbear £.nging away ullatever Cht had in Iler Hantl. SIat complaitltd atro of a great rjgour and

RiSnefs or fEraitnelO of the Mlxlcles otl lier Breait, fo that

poillbly ttse Spirituolls IFiquor that flows in the Ge"

Nervn% tnay be congealed as well as the Blocd; vr the

fame Edreds may be [uppoJk norwithftanding tO be the refisit of the cvndenStd BioM clog,gir g both tlle Ffeart and Lungs} Sv that tle Brea(t may ttetrn to be Itraisned

t<rewith The fime I judge to be the auSe of ai! the

vsolent Luxations in this Gentleman, wehofe Fingers I

sooked on, and fbund the places where he llad formerly

been bit, turned blackiihX and much ionamed abut tIem}

'lich confirmed me in my fi:nt;-ment, s6<at it *a.s a reX

lapS of tis formrr D;Itemper, thae iS, of the Bite of the iMad DQ* I told ttIm, sf ary thng in the \vfsv;d svout.] favc tsis Lxf8, t Jue!d lt muR lte t} e keSKmea VaF

)it G*' Vlatilb Salts; they could ner tti AliAt tO do,

nevcrthels Xs fuch is th<+Maligrea+Zq s3f sheWotl¢4/ fhat

..5 [*J()A] .v ii WA5 givbns they ran avay and 1ctt me}

*iyifg) 1*; Mas ntiv certainSy a ee4u Man} t° t3aVU a

7s; lsr gilZCts iX t;.at coradtti<)n. NevertEtelels t r1ea.¢ed <;iJd ;.;i.t: Rlt 8)'sQtXy 8S?tf cridF 1bb hjYOw " the Bik Ps atoEte me gccg a¢tI afier the firft Vomi;, can4 so to

} r . ^

n *.t t jt



( I33 ) imSelf; as to know us all. 1 venlited 12im every otber

day- wsth this Vo-mie fbr three times, and made hirn in the Intrerim to take Vofatile Salt; of AmberX and the forSid Pouders, ated to watt X his Hands, and .Sores in

a f r<g 58!; 8ritss t0 Pri>k Poetdrn!k wlth wage and RJeX AfrA lty EhiS C;rO}lt"@5 artu the !31;tlitg of (2;ods his Lifc was lavedX and-he ltrtedely cured, tor it is no+sv bur Years fin>^ and ;he Ila>1 Ilad no RelapEX fi have

airsd feverai other9 by the {ame Method.. Coll. Speacer, the Secretary of State iF Zirgini4, X very Serious -and Ingeninlls Gentleman, told meethat his Strvant brought him wtord once that a Sow having farrow'd, a Rattle Snake was gOt into the Den, and had kilitd the Piggs. The Colonel went to See the Sn+ke; which they faid was ltill coy Id -in thr I)ela X .therq*inSowed them- two or liree Mungrel CurS and.they Iet one of the Dogs ar

the Snake, which was too quick for the Dog, and [napt im by the Nofe, wherellpon he fet a howling, and ra

immediattly nto the adjacent Riveraand died very {hortly a!icr. Another of the Dogs up(sn tfi like attempt was lt by the Saake alfas and fell a howlsag, and froatiling,

and rumbling; but belog ile dled llot fo foon-as tlae therDmgdid, they fetch'd fio-me of the Herb w>wicI

tbey call Dittany, as having a great Traditionary Ve tue fbr the Cure of Pvifons: they pounded it, and gd ding a little WaterX exprefsd the Juice, and gave tle Dog frequet}tly thereof, nevertlIelefs he died withst a day or two. The bowlinfg of the Dogs hefuppoid gave notice to the So9, and made her- comP- furiouny brifllng, and rut immediately ireto her De{z l but b*ing Itkew;<e bit by 45 Snake, fhe Set up a rerriblo SquFa.ka and ran a!So into the lliv.er and ehere dyed.

A G* ntleuto+mans tt3at was a notable Female De&reX, tald me, tllat a N iDlzbour being.bit by a -Rattl6Snak^ [welliwd ti^e(Ilve8*y; t ome days aftef;Vards ie was Sent fbr, w>ho found him Iwell'd beycad mihat the thougElt



( t 34 ) it had been pofElble for the Skin to contatrla and very ThirRy. She gave him Oriental Betoar {haved, with a flrong Decodion of tlae afore:taid lDltany, *shcreby {h4e recoYered the Perfon: To the beft (5fmy Remenlbrance, it was he that <told me, asking llim afterwards, *hat he felt when the Snalse Erft bit him ? He faid, it fecmed as if a flaMs of Fire had ran througla Ilis Veins.

BefIdes the Rattle*Suake, there is the Blowing-Snake, sal ab1olute Species of a Viper,but latger than 2n\J that I have [een in rape; it is fo called, becau6e it icelnls to blow, and Epread its Head. and [well very mucll tcrore it bite, which is very dcadly. It is llenarlsab1e tlcre is none of tlleir Snakes there, make any of that liffing rloife that ours in Englaxd makefi but orlSy {hoot out their Tongues, lhaking them as ours de, without any noife at aEi; th;.s ts a thort thick fort of Snake. There is anothcr fort of deadly Snake, called the Red Snake; I o£lce narrowly c&aped treadin;3 on the back of one of them: They are of aa ugly dark bro;n colour, incliZ ning to red; their belJies are of a more dus3ky w]ite, with a large {Ireak of Vermilion Red on either fide; this too is of the Viper kinds but ic not fo {hort, but its Tail is more tapnr and fmal]. The Gort Saake is, as they fiay, anotlltr cort of deadly Snake; I never *aw any of themX unlefs once, fhcrtly afiter my Arrival in tnat Cotlntry, whicll I c<anr}ot atteR to be the Horn- Snake, for I cxuld not diRincitly view it, betng in a Thiclet oAt Sxmach, it was perchd up about two Foot high in a Sgmach Brars<t), its Tasl tvwiRed about the Slarub, and about a quarter of a Yard Rood bolt for uvard, lcaning over tlae forked Branch tllereof: I could not tce tilb Ha;-n. which they fay st has in its front, tsherewith it (tril*^e.S) and st lE wounds. is t§ deauly as the Rattie*Snake's bite The Gentleman that svas with ne, to3d me it svas a T-Iorn Snake; but betng in 11afl, arld on H)rSebackw anni tI1 Snake in a Thic:set, I ccu: 3

pS3t



( t3S ) not See the Hern; bllt had J thought I {hould xlever have feen more of them, I {hould have took a little pains to have been better fatisfied. This I think may not improperly be referred to the Dart SnJkes.

The Black Snake, is the largeR I think of atl others} but I am fure the moft commot1; I have killd fevera of them full f1x Foot long, thelr Bite is noe deemed Mortals but tt fwells, and turns to a Rtlnning Sore; they feed upon Lizardss Mice Ratst Frog*, and ToadsX which I have taken aut of their BelliesX E was once a Simpling in the Woods, on a {air Sun*ihine day) when I faw a Snake crawling on a Tree that was fallen, and Iicking with its forked Tong8ae as it mozted; l ftood Rill to obfierve it}J and faw it lick up (mall InfeAs and F]ies, with wonderfiul nimblenefi> catching them be- t\ViXt the Forks of its Tongue.

Tlle Corn-SnakeX moll llke the Rattle*Snake of all othrs in colours, but the Chpckers are rlot fo regular, neither has it any Rattles: They are moR frequent in the Cor£a*Fields, and thence I fuppoSe fo called; the Bite is no£ fi venomous as the Black Snake's.

The Witer SxakeX a fmall Snake, I never faw any of tbem above a Yard long, though I have fometimes feen 4o or so at once; they are of an ugly dark blackifh colour : They fiy, they are tbe le0 Venomous of any.

Methodfw



a continuation of mr. john clayton's account of virginia

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