a creel survey of winagami lake, 2003 - alberta · 2017-01-17 · a creel survey of winagami lake,...

A Creel Survey Of Winagami Lake, 2003

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A CREEL SURVEY OF WINAGAMI LAKE, 2003

Greg Fortier, John Tchir, Lorraine Sawdon

Alberta Conservation Association Bag 900-26, Peace River

Alberta, Canada T8S 1T4


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Disclaimer: This document is an independent report prepared by the Alberta Conservation Association. The authors are solely responsible for the interpretations of data and statements made within this report. Reproduction and Availability: This report and its contents may be reproduced in whole, or in part, provided that this title page is included with such reproduction and/or appropriate acknowledgements are provided to the authors and sponsors of this project. Suggested citation: Fortier, G. Tchir, J.P. and Sawdon, L. 2004. Winagami Lake Creel survey, 2003. Data

Report, produced by Alberta Conservation Association, Peace River, Alberta, Canada. 35 pp.

Digital copies of this and other conservation reports can be obtained from: www.ab-conservation.com


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We acknowledge field staff, Winagami Conservation Officers, sample-angling volunteers, facilitated the collection of data and production of this report. We thank Alberta Sustainable Resources staff and external reviewers for their contributions to the quality of this data report.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................... IV LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................. VII LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................... VIII 1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................... 10 1.1 Study Objectives ................................................................................ 10 2.0 STUDY AREA ................................................................................... 11 2.1 Description ......................................................................................... 11 3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS ................................................... 13 3.1 General sampling methods ............................................................. 13 4.0 RESULTS ........................................................................................... 14 4.1 Angler Statistics ................................................................................. 14 4.2 Walleye ............................................................................................. 19 4.3 Northern Pike .................................................................................. 22 5.0 SUMMARY ...................................................................................... 24 6.0 LITERATURE CITED .................................................................... 25


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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Location of Winagami Provincial Park creel access site on Wingami Lake, Alberta, 2003. ....................................................................................................................... 11

Figure 2. Percentage of anglers interviewed who targeted various sport fish species in Winagami Lake (n = 1619), Alberta, 2003. ....................................................................... 14

Figure 3. Percentage of interviewed anglers who reside in Edmonton and area, Fox Creek, Grand Prairie/Valleyview, High Level/Manning, High Prairie/Joussard, and Peace River/Fairview (n = 1619), Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003................................. 15

Figure 4. Standardized Probability Density of number of anglers each month at Winagami Lake, Alberta from May to September, 2003. The total estimate for all months was 2316 anglers. .................................................................................................. 17

Figure 5. Standardized Probability Density of effort for each month at Winagami Lake, Alberta from May to September 2003. The total estimate for all months was 3840 angler hours. ........................................................................................................................ 17

Figure 6. Probability density function of number of walleye caught each month at Winagmi Lake, Alberta from May to September 2003. The total estimate for all months was 494 walleye caught. ...................................................................................... 18

Figure 7. Probability Density function of number of northern pike caught each month at Winagami Lake, Alberta from May to September 2003. The total estimate for all months was 1366. ................................................................................................................ 18

Figure 8. Length frequency distribution (TL) of walleye sampled from the creel survey (mean = 546.5 mm; SD = 36.71; n = 22) and from sample angling (mean = 439.8 mm; SD = 94.26; n = 17) from Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003................................................ 20

Figure 9. Age distribution of walleye sampled from the creel survey (mean = 7.9 years; SD = 0.61; n = 22) and from sample angling (mean = 7.9; SD = 1.49; n = 15), from Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003. ......................................................................................... 21

Figure 10. Length - weight regression of walleye sampled from the creel survey (n = 22) at Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003. ..................................................................................... 21

Figure 11. Length frequency distribution (TL) of northern pike observed in the creel survey (mean 692.6 mm; SD = 127.3; n = 81) and sample angling (mean 589.4; SD = 153.3; n = 25) from Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003. ........................................................ 22

Figure 12. Age frequency distribution of northern pike observed from the creel survey (mean = 6.51 years; SD = 1.53; n = 80) and sample angling (mean = 8.13 years; SD = 1.79; n = 23), from Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003. ......................................................... 23

Figure 13. Length - weight regression of northern pike sampled from the creel survey (n = 81) at Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003. ........................................................................... 23

Figure 14. von Bertalanffy growth curve for northern pike sampled during the creel survey (n = 80), at Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003. ......................................................... 24


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List of Tables

Table 1. Angler, catch and harvest estimates with 95% confidence limits for Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003. ............................................................................................................ 16

Table 2. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) and harvest per unit effort (HPUE) observed and estimated values with 95% confidence limits from creel survey and sample angling, Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003. ......................................................................................... 19

Table 3. Mean and variance of walleye total length observations from creel survey (n = 22) and test angling (n = 17), at Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003. .................................. 20

Table 4. Mean and variance of northern pike total length observations from creel survey (n = 22) and test angling (n = 17) of total length, at Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003. . 22


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Executive Summary

A summer angler survey was completed on Winagami Lake in 2003 to quantify angling effort, catch rates and harvest rates of walleye (Sander vitreus) and northern pike (Esox lucius). Based on these results, an estimated 2316 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 2148 - 2532) anglers fished the lake during 15 May to 1 September 2003. The angling pressure exerted on Winagami Lake was 0.87 angler hours per hectare (hours/ha) (95% CI = 0.82 - 0.95 hrs/ha). The overall catch rate of walleye (expressed as total catch per unit effort (TCUE) was observed to be 0.110 fish/hr, while the total harvest per unit effort (THUE) was 0.0074 fish/hr. The total walleye harvest was estimated at 0.0098 kg/ha (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.0083 - 0.0113 kg/ha). In contrast, the overall catch rate of northern pike TCUE was 0.306 fish/hr, while the estimated THUE was 0.0298 harvested fish/hr. The total northern pike harvest was estimated at 0.0556 kg/ha (0.0497 - 0.0632 kg/ha).


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1.0 INTRODUCTION A creel survey was employed on Winagami Lake to provide fisheries managers with pertinent summer sport fishery data. It is understood that these data are to be used to evaluate the harvest regulations for walleye (Sander vitreus) and northern pike (Esox lucus) implemented in 2003 and continued in 2004 (Alberta Guide to Sport fishing Regulations 2004). The 1998 Winagami Lake survey (Lucko and Potter 1998) focused predominately on the harvest of yellow perch (Perca flavescens). As a result, there are little data for other sport fishery species. Walleye have been stocked in this lake in 1991 and 1994 through 1996 inclusive. Regulations for 2003 stated that one walleye over 55 cm TL, three northern pike over 55 cm TL, fifteen yellow perch (Perca flavescens), ten lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) and ten burbot (Lota lota) could be harvested per day (Alberta Sustainable Resource Development 2003). 1.1 Study Objectives The objectives of the 2003 creel survey of Winagami Lake were to: 1. Determine angler effort, pressure and harvest of walleye, northern pike and

yellow perch during the summer, 2003. 2. Determine biological parameters (size, age, condition, growth) of walleye,

northern pike and yellow perch harvested from Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003.


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2.0 STUDY AREA 2.1 Description Winagami Lake is located approximately 45 km north of High Prairie (Figure 1). It is 4403 hectares in size, has a maximum depth of 3.9 m and an average depth of 2.2 m. There are a series of water control structures that are used to divert water from the Heart River drainage for municipal and domestic use and to prevent flooding of farmlands within the drainage. Both Winagami Provincial Park and Winagami Wildland Park are located on the shores on Winagami Lake. The provincial park currently contains 66 cottages.

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#

#

#

#

#Falher McLennanHigh Prairie

Edmonton

Lethbridge

Slave Lake

Calgary

Peace River

##

#

Ñ

High Prairie

McLennan

Kimiwan Lake

Maurice Lake

So

Iroquois Lakes

10 0 10 Kilometers

Angler survey locationÑWinagami lake

Winagami wildland park

Provincial park

Roads

Legend

Figure 1. Location of Winagami Provincial Park creel access site on Wingami Lake, Alberta, 2003.

In 2003, the Alberta Conservation Association, through the Suncor -Winagami Lake project, purchased remaining lakeshore that was notwas not included in either Winagami Provincial Park or Winagami Wildland Park. Alberta Parks and Protected Areas agreed to incorporate the newly purchased lands into the park system (Chittenden and Kolodychuk 2004).


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2.2 Ecoregion, Forest Cover and Soils Winagami Lake is located within the Peace Lowlands Ecoregion. White and black spruce (Picea glauca and Picea mariana respectively) dominate the coniferous vegetation, while white birch (Betula papyrifera) and aspen species (Populus tremuloides and Populus balsamifera) dominate the deciduous vegetation (Falk 2000). Willow (Salix sp.) is commonly found along lakeshores and streambanks. Understory vegetation in this area includes prickly rose (Rosa acicularis), osier dogwood (Cornus stolonifera), green alder (Alnus crispa), low bush cranberry (Viburnum edule), strawberry (Fragaria virginiana), twinflower (Linnaea borealis), yellow peavine (Lathyrus ochroleucus), wild sarsaparilla (Aralia nudicaulis), and fireweed (Epilobium angustifoluim) (Willoughby 2000). Gray luvisols dominate the soil type in this region (Falk 2000).


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3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS 3.1 General sampling methods 3.1.1 Creel survey The creel survey on Winagami Lake was conducted from 15 May to 1 September 2003. Sampling occurred on 10 days on and four days off schedule; all weekends were surveyed. Survey time was not stratified as all time periods throughout the day were surveyed. Angler-harvested fish were measured (fork and total length), weighed, sexed, stomach contents recorded, and an aging structure was collected (Mackay et al. 1990). Creel technicians interviewed all anglers who had completed their fishing trip. Data recorded included amount of time spent angling, number of walleye, northern pike and yellow perch caught, harvested and released (legal and sublegal), fish species targeted, electronics used, use of bait and barbed hooks, and angler residence. 3.1.2 Statistical Analyses Creel survey data were analysed in Microsoft Excel 2000. Standardized probability density functions (SPD) of means were calculated using bootstrap methods (Haddon 2001; Sullivan, unpublished) for the following parameters: number of anglers, angling effort, catch, and the harvest of walleye and northern pike (Walker and Sullivan 2003). The mode for each parameter was reported as the maximum likelihood estimate. Parameters were also estimated independently for each month. Walleye and northern pike measurements from the sport fishery were analysed using Fisheries Analysis and Simulation Tools (FAST 2.0). Length - weight regressions were computed, and mean length-at-age were used to calculate the von Bertalanffy growth curve where sample size was deemed adequate (i.e., greater than 3 age classes with sufficient observations).


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4.0 RESULTS 4.1 Angler Statistics The majority of anglers at Winagami Lake targeted ‘any’ sport fish (90.5%, Figure 2), used barbed hooks (96.8%) and no bait (86.0%). Most anglers (75.5%) fished from shore, corresponding to limited use (8.24%) of electronics (GPS, depth sounder, etc.). Anglers, who did use electronics, only used depth sounders. Individuals who used the sport fishery were typically local (81.6%, Figure 3), residing in the High Prairie or Joussard (33.7%) and Peace River or Fairview area (47.9%). Angling parties consisted of an average of two individuals who angled for a period of 1.88 hours.

Figure 2. Percentage of anglers interviewed who targeted various sport fish species in Winagami Lake (n = 1619), Alberta, 2003.

0.00

20.00

40.00

60.00

80.00

100.00

LKWH NRPK WALL Any

Fish Species Targeted

Perc

enta

ge (%

)


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Figure 3. Percentage of interviewed anglers who reside in Edmonton and area, Fox Creek, Grand Prairie/Valleyview, High Level/Manning, High Prairie/Joussard, and Peace River/Fairview (n = 1619), Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003.

Estimates and confidence intervals for number of anglers, effort, catch, and harvest for all months combined as well as for individual months are shown in Table 1.

0102030405060

Edmonton & area

Fox Creek

Grande Prairie/ Valleyview

High Level/ Manning

High Prairie/Joussard

Peace River/ Fairview

Other

Perc

enta

ge (%

)


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Table 1. Angler, catch and harvest estimates with 95% confidence limits for Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003.

Number of

anglers

Effort (angler hours)

Effort (hours/ha)

WALL caught

WALL kept

WALL harvested

(kg)

WALL harvested

(kg/ha) NRPK caught

NRPK kept

NRPK harvested

(kg)

NRPK harvested

(kg/ha) May Observed 344 874.75 0.1987 120 8 8.87 0.0020 325 31 43.43 0.0099 Estimate 434 1104 0.2507 175.3 11.5 15.07 0.0034 425.0 39.0 72.38 0.0164 LCI 400 944 0.2144 139.3 9.1 11.93 0.0027 365.0 33.0 61.24 0.0139 HCI 468 1280 0.2907 216.5 13.7 17.96 0.0041 490.0 47.4 87.97 0.0200 June Observed 496 840.25 0.1908 59 5 4.99 0.0011 266 26 56.16 0.0128 Estimate 618 1036 0.2353 69.5 6.9 9.04 0.0021 330.0 34.2 63.47 0.0144 LCI 572 920 0.2089 59.8 4.9 6.42 0.0015 282.5 25.8 47.88 0.0109 HCI 674 1188 0.2698 92.8 11.7 15.33 0.0035 452.5 43.2 80.17 0.0182 July Observed 417 751 0.1706 109 5 7.39 0.0017 116 4 7.20 0.0016 Estimate 530 912 0.2071 128.0 6.9 9.04 0.0021 140.0 5.4 10.02 0.0023 LCI 502 852 0.1935 114.5 4.9 6.42 0.0015 127.5 3.9 7.24 0.0016 HCI 556 964 0.2189 144.5 10.1 13.24 0.0030 167.5 7.2 13.36 0.0030 August Observed 362 651.25 0.1479 56 5 7.59 0.0017 246 32 41.68 0.0095 Estimate 464 800 0.1817 62.8 5.5 7.21 0.0016 302.5 39.6 73.49 0.0167 LCI 426 728 0.1653 57.5 4.9 6.42 0.0015 270.0 33.3 61.80 0.0140 HCI 512 872 0.1980 68.0 6.3 8.26 0.0019 332.5 48.6 90.19 0.0205 All months Observed 1619 3117.25 0.7080 344 23 28.83 0.0065 953 93 148.47 0.0337 Estimate 2320 3872.42 0.87 491 33 43.25 0.0098 1367 132 244.97 0.0556 LCI 2151 3609.93 0.82 433 28 36.70 0.0083 1249 118 218.99 0.0497 HCI 2527 4216.19 0.95 566 38 49.80 0.0113 1513 150 278.37 0.0632

In total, 1619 anglers were interviewed (n = 1113 on weekends and holidays, n = 506 on weekdays) between 15 May and 1 September 2003. Compared to other months June was estimated to have the greatest number of anglers with an estimate of 618 (Table 1, Figure 4).


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Figure 4. Standardized Probability Density of number of anglers each month at Winagami Lake, Alberta from May to September, 2003. The total estimate for all months was 2316 anglers.

A total of 3117.25 hours of effort (n = 2616 on weekends, n = 532.25 on weekdays) was observed for all months. It was estimated that there was a total of 3872.42 hours of effort during the study period. This results in an estimated 0.87hrs/ha. The highest estimated angler effort was found in May with 1104 angler hours and 0.2507hrs/ha (Figure 5).

Figure 5. Standardized Probability Density of effort for each month at Winagami Lake, Alberta from May to September 2003. The total estimate for all months was 3840 angler hours.


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Total observed walleye catch was 344 fish with a total estimate of 491 (Table 1). Total observed northern pike catch was 953 fish with a total estimate of 1367 (Table 1). Both walleye and northern pike catch was greatest during the month of May (Figure 6 and 7).

Figure 6. Probability density function of number of walleye caught each month at Winagmi Lake, Alberta from May to September 2003. The total estimate for all months was 494 walleye caught.

Figure 7. Probability Density function of number of northern pike caught each month at Winagami Lake, Alberta from May to September 2003. The total estimate for all months was 1366.

Total observed walleye harvest was 23 (approximately 28.8 kg) with a total estimate of 33 fish (approximately 43.25 kg) (Table 1). Total observed northern pike harvest was 93


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fish (approximately 148.5 kg) with a total estimate of 132 fish (approximately 245.0kg). May was estimated to have the highest walleye harvest, 11.5 fish (approximately 15.1 kg). August was estimated to have the highest northern pike harvest, 39.6 fish (approximately 73.5 kg), with May having a similar estimate, 39.0 fish (approximately 73.4 kg).

Reported catch per unit effort (CPUE) and harvest per unit effort (HPUE) for walleye and northern pike at Winagami Lake are presented by month in Table 2, below.

Table 2. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) and harvest per unit effort (HPUE) observed and estimated values with 95% confidence limits from creel survey and sample angling, Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003.

Creel Sample Angling

NRPK CPUE NRPK HPUE WALL CPUE WALL HPUE NRPK CPUE WALL CPUE May Observed 0.579 0.031 0.129 0.010 1.425 0.142 Estimate 0.560 0.029 0.120 0.010 1.550 0.145 LCI 0.310 0.009 0.054 0.002 0.190 0.000 HCI 0.930 0.056 0.222 0.020 1.910 0.340 June Observed 0.219 0.019 0.040 0.002 0.139 0.031 Estimate 0.220 0.019 0.039 0.002 0.140 0.035 LCI 0.110 0.008 0.012 0.000 0.020 0.000 HCI 0.340 0.032 0.069 0.005 0.180 0.085 July Observed 0.194 0.006 0.109 0.008 0.191 0.202 Estimate 0.190 0.002 0.099 0.008 0.190 0.190 LCI 0.100 0.000 0.042 0.000 0.070 0.085 HCI 0.300 0.015 0.189 0.022 0.230 0.330 August Observed 0.326 0.038 0.043 0.004 0.489 0.245 Estimate 0.340 0.037 0.045 0.004 0.470 0.245 LCI 0.220 0.018 0.015 0.000 0.210 0.000 HCI 0.430 0.059 0.078 0.009 0.580 0.665 4.2 Walleye Regulations for 2003 allow one walleye over 55 cm TL to be harvested per day (ASRD 2003). Harvested walleye ranged between 446 - 600 mm TL, while sample angled


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walleye ranged from 182 to 574 mm TL. The length frequency distributions from the creel survey and sample angling are shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8. Length frequency distribution (TL) of walleye sampled from the creel survey (mean = 546.5 mm; SD = 36.71; n = 22) and from sample angling (mean = 439.8 mm; SD = 94.26; n = 17) from Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003.

Descriptive statistics of walleye total lengths from the creel survey and test angling is presented in Table 3, below.

Table 3. Mean and variance of walleye total length observations from creel survey (n = 22) and test angling (n = 17), at Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003.

Creel survey Sample Angling

Mean (mm) TL 546 439

Standard Deviation 36.71 94.26

Range (mm) 446 - 600 182 - 574

n 22 17

Data regarding walleye were limited (n = 22 from the angler survey; n = 17 from the sample angling), thus they should be used with caution. Of the 22 samples from the creel survey five were smaller than the minimum TL for harvest (550mm TL). Creel survey and sample angling age distributions are shown in Figure 9.


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Figure 9. Age distribution of walleye sampled from the creel survey (mean = 7.9 years; SD = 0.61; n = 22) and from sample angling (mean = 7.9; SD = 1.49; n = 15), from Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003.

Angler-harvested and sample harvested walleye from Winagami Lake both averaged 7.9 years in age (angler harvest, SD = 0.61 yr, range 7-9 yrs; sample harvest, SD = 1.49 yr, range 5-12 yrs). Walleye that were aged 7, 8, and 9 years were stocked in 1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively. The length-weight regression for angler-harvested walleye is shown in Figure 10. The von Bertalanffy growth curve was not fitted to the data due to inadequate sample size.

Figure 10. Length - weight regression of walleye sampled from the creel survey (n = 22) at Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003.

R2 0.602 Intercept -4.609 Slope 2.82 Prob>F 0.0001


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4.3 Northern pike Angler-harvested northern pike ranged from 520 to 975 mm in total length (TL), while sample-angled northern pike ranged from 405 to 970 mm TL. The sample length frequency distributions from the creel survey and sample angling are shown in Figure 11.

Figure 11. Length frequency distribution (TL) of northern pike observed in the creel survey (mean 692.6 mm; SD = 127.3; n = 81) and sample angling (mean 589.4; SD = 153.3; n = 25) from Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003. Descriptive statistics of northern pike total lengths from the creel survey and sample angling are presented in Table 4, below.

Table 4. Mean and variance of northern pike total length observations from creel survey (n = 22) and test angling (n = 17) of total length, at Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003.

Creel survey Sample Angling

Mean (mm) TL 692 589

Standard Deviation 127.31 153.3

Range (mm) 520 – 975 405 – 970

n 81 25

Of the 81 samples from the creel survey four were smaller than the minimum TL for harvest (550mm TL). Age distributions sampled from creel survey and sample angling are shown in Figure 12.


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Figure 12. Age frequency distribution of northern pike observed from the creel survey (mean = 6.51 years; SD = 1.53; n = 80) and sample angling (mean = 8.13 years; SD = 1.79; n = 23), from Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003.

The mean age of angler harvested northern pike was 6.51 years (SD = 1.53, range= 4 -11 yrs), while the mean age of northern pike from sample angling was 8.13 years (SD = 1.79, range 4 -12 yrs). The length-weight regression for angler-harvested northern pike is shown in Figure 13.

Figure 13. Length - weight regression of northern pike sampled from the creel survey (n = 81) at Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003.

A von Bertalanffy growth curve was fitted to the data collected from angler-harvested northern pike (Figure 14).

R2 0.884 Intercept -5.49 Slope 3.06 Prob>F 0.0001


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Figure 14. von Bertalanffy growth curve for northern pike sampled during the creel survey (n = 80), at Winagami Lake, Alberta, 2003.

5.0 Summary Few conclusions regarding length and age structure of walleye could be drawn as a result of the small sample size (n = 22). Catch and harvest rates (0.11 - 0.01 harvested fish/hr) were low; it would take an estimated 7.87 to catch and 117.35 hours to harvest a walleye. This suggests low densities of walleye within Winagami Lake (Beard et al.1997). Northern pike in Winagami Lake were caught more often than walleye. However, these catch and harvest rates are also relatively low suggesting low densities of northern pike within Winagami Lake (Beard et al. 1997).

R2 0.951 Linf 1533.21 K 0.064 To -3.009 Prob>F 0.0001


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6.0 LITERATURE CITED Alberta Sustainable Resource Development. 2003. 2003 Alberta guide to sportfishing

regulations. Sports Scene Publications. Edmonton, Alberta. Beard, D.T., Hewett, S.W., and Yang, Q. 1997. Prediction of angler catch rates based on

walleye population density. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 17: 621-627.

Chittenden, C. and Kolodychuk, E. 2004. The Suncor - Winagami Lake conservation

project (2003 – 2004). Unpublished data report. Alberta Conservation Association, Peace River, Alberta, Canada.

Falk, M. 2000. Provincial Overview Training Module: Alberta Course Manual.

Produced by Falk Environmental Inc. Haddon, M. 2001. Modelling and Quantitative methods in fisheries. Chapman &

Hall/CRC, Boca Raton, Florida. 406 p. Lucko, B. and Potter,K. 1998. Yellow perch winter angling survey in the northwest

boreal region January – April 1998. Alberta Conservation Association. MacKay, W.C., Ash, G.R, and Norris, H.J. 1990. Fish aging methods for Alberta. R.L> &

L. Environmental Services Ltd. In assoc. with Alberta Fish and Wildl. Div. And Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton. 113p.

Sullivan, M.G. 2004. Computer simulation of sport fishery parameters. Unpublished.

Alberta Sustainable Resource Development. 13p. Walker, J. and Sullivan, M.G. 2003. Talbot Lake Fishery Survey and Status Assessment

of Northern Pike, Summer 2000. Produced by Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. 30 pp.

Willoughby, M.G. 2000. Guide to range plant community types and carrying capacity

for the dry and central mixedwood subregions in Alberta. Third approximation. Produced by Alberta Environment. Land and forest service. Alberta agriculture, food and rural development, public lands division. Edmonton, Alberta.

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