a demographic portrait of children in immigrant families by donald j. hernandez, ph.d. professor of...
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A DEMOGRAPHIC PORTRAIT OF
CHILDREN
IN IMMIGRANT FAMILIESby
DONALD J. HERNANDEZ, Ph.D.Professor of Sociology and
Center for Social & Demographic AnalysisUniversity at Albany, SUNY
For Brookings-Princeton Future of Children Briefing“Policies for Children in Immigrant families”
Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C.December 16, 2004
● Immigrant and race-ethnic origins
● Family strengths and challenges
● Index of demographic risk factors
● Education and Health
– OVERVIEW – Children in immigrant families compared to children native-born families
20%
28%
6%13%
1910 1960 1990 2000
Slide 3. Percent of Children in Immigrant Families: 1910, 1960, 1990
and 2000
4/5 citizens
Source: Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from the U.S. Bureau of the Census, various Census Public Use Microdata (PUMS) Files.
87%
10%
2% 1%
62%
2%
22%
12%
2% 1%
1910
2000
OceaniaNorth America
Latin America
Asia AfricaEurope
Source: Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from the U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Survey, 2000, public use microdata files.
Slide 4. Percent of Children in Immigrant Families by Region of Origin:
1910, 2000
Source: Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from the U.S. Bureau of the Census, 2000, 5% Public Use Microdata (PUMS) Files.
0
25
50
75
100
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100
Asian/ Pacific Islander, Non-HispanicAmerican Indian, Non-HispanicBlack, Non-HispanicHispanicWhite, Non-Hispanic
Percent
Slide 5. Estimates and Projected Percent of U.S. Children in Specified Race/Ethnic Groups.
Presented by Donald J. Hernandez. Population Projections Program, Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau, Issued January 13, 2000.
61%
50%56%
84%72%70%
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
2000 2030
Under 18 years 18 to 64 years 65 years and over
Slide 6. Estimates and Projected Percent of Non-Hispanic Whites by Age, 2000 and 2030
Presented by Donald J. Hernandez. Data are from the Population Projections Program, Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau, Issued March 18, 2004.
Source: Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from the U.S. Bureau of the Census, Censuses 1990 and 2000, 5% Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Children inNative-Born
Families
Children inImmigrantFamilies
One-ParentFamily
Slide 8. Percent of U.S. Children Who Live with One-Parent, 2000
Source: Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Children inNative-Born
Families
Children inImmigrantFamilies
Father working
Mother Working
Slide 9. Percent of U.S. Children with Parent Working, 2000
Source: Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
Children inNative-Born
Families
Children inImmigrantFamilies
Father not HS grad
Mother not HS grad
Slide 10. Percent of U.S. Children with Parent Not a High School Graduate, 2000
Source: Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Children inNative-Born
Families
Children inImmigrantFamilies
LinguisticIsolation
Slide 11. Percent of U.S. Children Who Live in Linguistically Isolated Households, 2000
Source: Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Children inNative-Born
Families
Children inImmigrantFamilies
Official Poverty
200% Poverty
Slide 12. Percent of U.S. Children Living in Official or 200% Poverty, 2000
Source: Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
● Mother not high school graduate
● Family economically deprived (Below 200% poverty threshold)
● Linguistically isolated household
● One-parent family
Index of Demographic Risk Factors
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%
Children inNative-Born
Families
Children inImmigrant
Families
1+ Risk Factors
2+ Risk Factors
Slide 14. Percent of U.S. Children Experiencing 1+ or 2+ Demographic
Risk Factors, 2000
Source: Calculated by Donald J. Hernandez from U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, 5pct Public Use Microdata (PUMS) files.
● Health insurance coverage
● Enrollment in nursery/preschool
● High-school graduation
Children in Immigrant Families are disadvantaged regarding…
A DEMOGRAPHIC PORTRAIT OF
CHILDREN
IN IMMIGRANT FAMILIESby
DONALD J. HERNANDEZ, Ph.D.Professor of Sociology and
Center for Social & Demographic AnalysisUniversity at Albany, SUNY
Phone: (518) 442-4668Fax: (518) 442-4936
Email: [email protected]
For Brookings-Princeton Future of Children Briefing“Policies for Children in Immigrant families”
Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C.December 16, 2004