A function can be represented by a

list of ordered pairs.

{(-1, 2), (-2, 3), (-3, 4), (-4, 5)}

scalene triangle

A triangle with no congruent sides.

Scalene Not Scalene

reflection A transformation that reflects, or

“flips”, a graph or figure across a line, called the line of reflection.

H'

I'

F'

G'

H

G

F

87-8 -7 6-6

-6

6

0 1

1

2

3

4

5

-1-2-3-4-5 2 3 4 5-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

I

Line of reflection

A function can be represented by a verbal

description. Use words to describe

the functional relationship.

x y

-1 2

0 4

1 6

The y-values for a set of points are 4 more than twice the corresponding x-values.

isosceles triangleA triangle with at least two

congruent sides.

opposite of a number

The opposite of a number a, designated –a, is the number that is the same distance from zero as a, on the opposite side of the number line. The sum of opposites is 0.

-3 is the opposite of 3

-3 + 3 = 0

9876543210-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9

-3 3

square root A number that is multiplied

by itself to form a product is called a square root of that product.

Square root symbol:

Ex: 5 x 5 = 25, so

25 = 5

translation• A translation is a transformation

that shifts or “slides” every point of a figure or graph the same distance in the same direction.

A'

B'

C'

D'

A

BC

D

Quad ABCD Quad A’B’C’D’

A function can be represented by a

graph.• Graph the ordered pairs and the line that contains them.

x y

-2 -7

-1 -5

0 -3

1 -1

2 1

domainThe set of all values of the

independent variable

or

all the x-coordinates in a function’s ordered pairs.

Ex: {(0, 1), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 9)}

Domain: {0, 2, 3, 4}

dilation• A transformation

that is a proportional enlargement or reduction of a figure through a point called the center of dilation.

• Scale factor - Size of enlargement or reduction

• An enlargement has a scale factor > 1.

y

x

B'

A'

C'

C

BA

-9

-8

-7

-6

-5-4

-3

-2

-1

1

23

45

6

7

8

9

987654321-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1

Triangle ABC is transformed into triangle A’B’C’ by the dilation using scale factor of 2

The origin is the center of dilation.

rangeThe set of all values of the dependent variable

or

all the y-coordinates in a function’s ordered pairs.

Ex: {(0, 1), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 9)}

Range: {1, 5, 6, 9}

A function can be represented by a

table.

x y-1 50 31 12 -1

f(x) = -2x + 3

midpoint of a line segment

Point that lies halfway between the segment’s endpoints and divides it into two congruent parts

To find the midpoint, find the average of the coordinates of the endpoints of the line segment

y

xM(-1, 1)

B(4, -2)

A(-6, 4)

-9

-8

-7

-6

-5-4

-3

-2

-1

1

23

45

6

7

8

9

987654321-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1

6 4 4 + ( 2) ,

2 2 M(-1 , 1)

probability• Probability is a measure of how

likely an event is to occur.

• Probability of an event occurring must be from 0 to 1.

Ex: A number cube has faces numbered from 1 to 6. The probability of rolling an odd

number is 3 out of 6, or .3 1

= 6 2

3

5 1

Simplifying expressions• Simplifying expressions uses

commutative, associative, and distributive properties to remove parentheses and combine like terms.

• Like terms in an algebraic expression can be combined.

• Remember that the expressions m2 and 1m2 are equivalent.

Simplify the expression: m2 + 5 – 5m2 – 1.

m2 + 5 – 5m2 – 1 = (1m2 – 5m2) + (5 – 1)

m2 + 5 – 5m2 – 1 = –4m2 + 4

Prism• Three dimensional figure with two

bases that are congruent polygons and faces that are rectangular polygons, called lateral faces.

• Prisms are named by the shape of their base.

Lateral face

Base

Triangular Prism

Net of a three-dimensional figure

• A two dimensional drawing that shows what a figure would look like when opened up and unfolded with its surfaces laid out flat.

Triangular Prism Net for Triangular Prism

translation

H'

G'

F'

H

G

F

87-8 -7 6-6

-6

6

0 1

1

2

3

4

5

-2-3-4-5 2 3 4 5-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

A transformation that shifts or “slides” every point of a figure or graph the same distance in the same direction.

FGH is translated 5 units to the right and 3 units down to F’G’H’.

Cylinder Three-dimensional figure

with two congruent circular bases and a curved surface

Base

Base

Curved surface

dilation• A transformation

that is a proportional enlargement or reduction of a figure through a point called the center of dilation

• A reduction has a scale factor < 1. Triangle ABC is transformed

into triangle A’B’C’ by the dilation using scale factor of ½.

The origin is the center of dilation.y

xC'A'

B'

C

BA

-9

-8

-7

-6

-5-4

-3

-2

-1

1

23

45

6

7

8

9

987654321-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1

Cross product

• One way to solve a proportion is to use the cross product.

3=

14 22 =3 14

2x = 42

x = 21

x

x

Rational Numbers• Numbers that can be written as the

ratio of two integers, , where b 0.

• Integers are the set of all positive and negative whole numbers, and zero.

a

b

Rational Numbers

Not Rational Numbers

-7, 24%, 0.2, , 25 5

15

0.3

event

Examples:

Flipping a coin and it landing on heads

Rolling two number cubes, numbered 1 – 6 and getting ones on

both cubes

An outcome or set of outcomes in a probability experiment.

1

5 31

4 2

axis of symmetryA line that divides a plane figure

or a graph into two congruent reflected halves

Also called line of reflectionAxis of symmetry (line of reflection)