a learning tour to kenya in conservation
TRANSCRIPT
Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation
Singh Durbar, Kathmandu, Nepal
A learning tour to Kenya in conservation
Back-to-Office Report
Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation Planning Division July, 2015
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction 1
2. Background and rationale 1
4. Objectives 2
5. The Participants 2
6. Observations and Lessons Learned through the Programme 2
6.1 Observations and Learning 3
Spot 1: Nairobi International Airport 3
Spot 2: Rift valley (on the way to Maasai Mara National Reserve from Nairobi) 3
Spot 3: Entrance of Maasai Mara National Reserve 4
Spot 4: Mara River site visit 4
Spot 5: Hotel Sarova Game Park (night stay) 5
Spot 6: Lions and Cheetah Sighting 6
Spot 7: Cheetah Sighting 6
Spot 8: Kenya Wildlife Service Headquarter at Nairobi 6
Spot 9: Nairobi National Park, Nairobi 7
Spot 10: an interaction between Nepal team and WWF Kenya 7
6.2 Key learning highlights 8
7. Next Steps and conclusions 9
8. Acknowledgements 9
Annexes
Annex 1: The study visit programme 10
Annex 2: List of participants 11
Annex 3: List of agencies and people met 12
Annex 4: The Maasai Mara National Reserve 13
Geography 13
Wildlife 13
Annex 5: Nairobi National Park 14
Tourism and education 14
Annex 4: Selected photos sighted from the participants 15
1. Introduction This back-to-office report summarizes the programme and lessons learned from the study visit.
The report demonstrates that the study visit was a great success. All expected learning points of
the participants were met. It is expected that the outcomes will become visible in ongoing
planning activities at the wildlife conservation and management levels in Nepal.
The visit team wishes to thank the representatives of the many organizations in the Kenya and
WWF Nepal that made the study visit an invaluable learning experience for Nepal and the team.
Special thanks go to the WWF Kenya, whose technical and managerial support was
instrumental during the preparation and implementation of the study visit. The team also
would like to thank the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) Nepal for visit arrangement with logistics.
Last but not least, the government of Nepal (Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation and Nepal
Army) nominated the team members to participate in the visit to learn much for Nepal
therefore indeed it deserves much appreciation and we are grateful for the contribution.
2. Background and rationale Nepal celebrated third time Zero Poaching
year during last five year period and the
achievement could be a trigger challenges
to maintain the achievement in Nepal for all
committed organizations and personnel
including Nepal army. For this
achievement, to control the illegal trade of
wildlife trophy and parts through Nepal
being transit is an emerging big challenge to
the country and supporting institutions such as
WWF. Although being achieved the zero
poaching celebration, it is needed to share the experiences for further implications and
improvement in the management among similar problem facing countries. Therefore, the visit
to exchange the experiences of Nepalese efforts in conservation and management of Wildlife
had been arranged through WWF. Kenya is leading country in wild life conservation and having
the similar habitat among all other countries attracted to visit there. In addition, the WWF
Kenya and WWF African Regional Office at Nairobi could be a focus for us to visit there.
Photo 1: Maasai People of Kenya with their attire
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4. Objectives The aforementioned concept note defines the following three objectives for the study visit to
the Kenya Wildlife conservation.
1) To learn from the positive economic, social, environmental and cultural effects of wildlife
conservation practices of Kenya in particularly Masaai Mara National Reserve and Nairobi
National Park.
2) To learn about different approaches and support to Wildlife conservation in Kenya through
WWF Kenya and Kenya Wildlife Service.
During the first day of the study visit, the participants defined their expectations for a
successful tour, which confirm and extend the learning points described in the concept note.
5. The Participants The seven participants of the Nepal comprised Under Secretary, Ministry of Forest and Soil
Conservation, Mr. Amrit Bohora, Lt Colonel, Nepal Army, Major Mr. Suraj Gurung, Nepal Army
and two senior officers from Department of National Park and Wildlife Reserve. In addition, two
WWF managers were with along us for study accompanier. The participant list is provided in
Annex 2. All participants were proficient in English, which greatly enhanced the exchange of
information and discussions.
6. Observations and Lessons Learned through the Programme
Summary: The programme of the
learning visit is provided in Annex 1. It
was prepared together with WWF Kenya,
which also organized and facilitated the
visit. The programme was very rich and
engaged many magnificent sites and most
important habitats for the wildlife in the
world. The site visits, such as the visit to
Mara grasses land and Mara River
demonstrated the benefits to the wild
animals' a proper and exact habitats. In
addition, the Maasai people were also the
next world view for Nepalese participants
who were the real heroes of the Maasai
Mara Reserve areas. Besides these, a very
promising site was seen at Nairobi
National park where a lot of wild animal
diversity could be visualized during a
Maasai Mara National Reserve (MMNR)
The Maasai Mara National Reserve (also known as Maasai
Mara and by the locals as The Mara) is a large game reserve in
Narok County, Kenya, contiguous with the Serengeti National
Park in Mara Region, Tanzania. It is named in honor of
the Maasai people (the ancestral inhabitants of the area) and their
description of the area when looked at from afar: "Mara," which is
Maa (Maasai language) for "spotted," an apt description for the
circles of trees, scrub, savanna, and cloud shadows that mark the
area. It is globally famous for its exceptional population of Masai
lions, African leopards and Tanzanian cheetahs, and the annual
migration of zebra, Thomson's gazelle, and wildebeest to and
from the Serengeti every year from July to October, known as the
Migration. The Maasai Mara National Reserve is only a
fraction of the Greater Mara Ecosystem, which includes the
following Group Ranches: Koiyaki, Lemek, Ol Chorro Oirowua,
Olkinyei, Siana, Maji Moto, Naikara, Ol Derkesi, Kerinkani,
Oloirien, and Kimintet.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maasai_Mara Accessed on 7/15/2015
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short visit period of about 150 Sq Km. The park is seen rich in two horned rhinoceros, elephants,
Giraffe, Zebra, secretary bird, impala, wild boar and Lions.
6.1 Observations and Learning
The visit team could land at NBO (Nairobi Airport) one day after because of delay departure
from Kathmandu; however, the team observed and internalized the real wilderness picture
after arrival at Nairobi airport. The observations and learned lessons are described below
respectively.
Day First
Spot 1: Nairobi International Airport
The arrival lounge along the corridor and immigration desk premises have been decorated with
the wilderness pristine natural features and wild life animals such as Lions, Cheetah including
Maasai People. All pictures and information could direct us towards the wildlife reserve and
national park.
Day Second
Spot 2: Rift valley (on the way to Maasai Mara National Reserve from Nairobi)
The Nairobi city is situated at high altitude than the rift valley therefore the valley is seen a
magnificent scene along to the MMNR (Narok county) which could make us very positive
insightful towards nature conservation and management. For tourism promotion it has been a
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source of income through involving the site as a most visiting spot in the country. The rift valley
has been a tourism product.
Spot 3: Entrance of Maasai Mara National Reserve
The team could observe the same level of terrain and
landscape throughout about three hours travel by
jeep; it was interesting to note that when we entered
into the MMNR then we started sighting the wild
animals such as Zebra, Impala, Jiraffe abundantly
within a small size of parcels. A major noticeable
habitat was grasslands with full forage crops and water
streams and sources.
Spot 4: Mara River site visit
A jungle safari was arranged to see the savanna
grassland and wild animals. The site was more or less
with the mosaic habitat such as grasslands, scrublands,
savanna field, small tree clusters, water streams, water
ponds, water lakes, rivers and so on. The mosaic
habitats within a short span of the reserve has
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supported a large number of wild animals easily spotted the wild elephants, giraffe, wild
buffalo, wild beest, impala, hyena, wild boar and several variety of birds. The Mara River is the
famous site for wild beest crossing point from Serengeti National Park (Tanzania to Maasai
Mara once a year from July to August. The migration from Serengeti to MMNR is considered
here as events with about 1.5 to 2 million numbers of wild beest do migrate every year for
foods which is available at MMNR. Unfortunately, the trip team could not experience the event
this year because of late start the migration; however, the team could see the crossing point at
Mara River where the Hippopotamus and crocodiles inhabitations around and inside the river
were seen.
Spot 5: Hotel Sarova Game Park (night stay)
The resort type hotel was completely inside the park and we stayed at tented room without
closing the door; however, the facilities was so much fascinated and comfortable with peace
and surrounding natural environment which made us more nature lover during our stay. In the
evening there was a documentary. The resort welcomed us with Maasai cultured man standing
at the entrance saying caribou (welcome in Kenyan language). The word Jambau (how are you)
and caribou were the common and frequently used words to stranger and tourist throughout
the hotel service at restaurants and reception. During out stay, we learned that the resort is
contributing the government through depositing about 5 USD per day per guest as a
environmental service payment. All hotels and resorts inside the reserve are established after
evaluating environmental assessments through a separate department of Kenyan government.
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Day third
Spot 6: Lions and Cheetah Sighting
The morning of the day began with Jungle safari to see the expected Lions, Cheetah and Rhinos.
We could easily see the elephants and giraffe along the jungle road. After roaming about two
hours we could approach at the two lions sitting site wherever a few safari vehicles were
already there with several cameras. The Lions were not expressing any reaction and finally after
some time the two lions escaped from the scene opposite the safari people. The Lions were
resting under the small trees' shade in the mosaic of bush cover.
Photo : Lion Photo: Cheetah
Spot 7: Cheetah Sighting
After sighted the lions, then after the team could see the two Cheetahs resting together a bit
different sites than lions. The Cheetah was on the open space nearby the bush site. The
Cheetah made angry position after a few minutes then after both left the position and escaped
as the same like lions.
After spotting two major new species, for Nepalese, there was an excitement among us
because of nearby the target of big five wild animals. As a big five there was left only one
Rhinos (black and white with two horned which is not available in our country Nepal).
Day fourth
Spot 8: Kenya Wildlife Service Headquarter at Nairobi
The team had a brief visit at Kenya Wildlife Service's headquarter at Nairobi National Park
entrance premise. An interaction meeting held among us with two high level officials (Director
and Chief of Operations). The chief of operations presented the system of security and threat to
conserve the wild animals. As their presentation, there was a lot of poaching occurred in 2013
and then after diminishing the trend. They have facility to patrol through helicopter too and
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their whole security is managed through a separate wing in their service. Contrastingly in Nepal,
the National Park and Wildlife Reserves have been secured through regular Nepal army.
Meantime, our team presented two presentations on the Nepal conservation effort and zero
poaching achievement. They were more keen to know more how it been possible to achieve
zero poaching progress in Nepal. All levels of stakeholders only got through for control the
poaching in Nepal by coordinated efforts.
An interesting to know for Nepali team that the KWS is using sniffer dogs to plot the crime
investigation related to wild life. And, outside the park and reserves, the human wildlife conflict
is resolved through community rangers.
Spot 9: Nairobi National Park, Nairobi
The Nairobi National Park is situated at the central outskirt of the Nairobi capital city. The park
has been servicing eco demand of the city seekers and short visit tourists at Nairobi. The park
has the boundary around high riser settlements and community habitats. However, the park is
nurturing natural habitats for Lions, Elephants, Rhinos and Wild buffalos including many kind of
wild animals and birds. The park has also the more or less similar habitats to Maasai Mara
reserve. The team could observe the white two horned rhinos and wild buffaloes including a lot
other wild animals. We were amazed due to looking the park and around city areas and over
flying the planes through the park areas; however, the animals were not seen any flee and
escape from the sound of plane and outside boundary disturbances. A major lesson learned
through observing the park that there is possible to maintain the habitats rounding the crowd if
we maintain the habitats for the wild animals. Although, there use to occur human wildlife
conflict with communities occasionally, they are more positive to keep such natural resources
having maintained for the nature lovers and as an environmental services.
Day fifth
Spot 10: an interaction between Nepal team and WWF Kenya
WWF Kenya was celebrating 50 years of establishment. We visited the office and a five official
team welcomed us and interacted among us on regarding the contribution of WWF to Kenya
wildlife conservation and forest management in the country and about Nepalese perspective
towards prosperity as well. Meantime, the Kenyan team was also more interest to know about
the zero poaching achievement of Nepal. We also presented two presentations as earlier day at
WWF office. We learned that they are investing more to maintain the ecosystem of Mao-Mara-
Serengeti ( about 60 per cent investment), species conservation for big animals including
others, biological management and coast Kenyan Programme implementation support for
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fisheries management and sea turtles. They also implement the programme through civil
society engagement.
6.2 Key learning highlights
The main lessons learned are summarized below. We learned and enjoyed the achievement of
Kenya in wildlife conservation and management. I had been amazed to see the lot of wild
animals around the Nairobi city (Nairobi National Park) and Maasai Mara Game Reserve. The
great learning what we achieved from the visit as follows.
a. The habitat development through water hole, grassland, fresh water management, and
protection are the most important aspects. It was learnt after observing the reserve and
park that there is no need to have big trees for much diversity to keep wildlife. The savanna
type of the habitat with mosaic habitat including sufficient food materials is the most
preferable habitat for the diverse animals. The forage production and water source
maintenance is most important.
b. The feeding materials production for the migratory animals such as wild beest was a main
task by the reserve. Therefore, it is learnt that we should pay more attention to produce the
feeding materials for the migratory animals to maintain biodiversity in the world as a global
resource.
c. Eco-tourism perspectives around the mega city the Nairobi National Park may be an example
for our country that we are going to establish National Wildlife Park in Kathmandu valley
soon.
d. Income sources can be generated through without harming the park or reserve through hotel
and several infrastructures. There can be much revenue if we can collect through single
individual entry and stay in the hotel and resort inside the reserve. There should be
developed a regular system to collect revenue to generate the fund to invest to maintain the
reserve and park including the support to tribal people Maasai who were the right holder of
the large valley and landscape of the MMNR.
e. Urban city green should be more given emphasis for the mega city such as Nairobi and it is possible to
maintain as an open zoo concept with maintaining habitats for the wild life. Such practice could be
replicate in our country to develop Open Zoo Park.
f. Last but not least, we learned, there should be increased the investment to habitat management and
security to maintain and increase the wild animals in the park and reserve.
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7. Next Steps and conclusions It is envisioned that these kinds of knowledge sharing opportunities will create additional
building blocks for the development of a wider, long-term cooperation plans between the two
countries and conservation committed organizations. Such kind of visit and observation tour
could enhance the country knowledge for policy development and effective management of
the reserve and park in the future.
8. Acknowledgements The members of the team wish to express their appreciation for the pleasant welcome and
efficient support provided during their stay in Kenya by the Kenya Wildlife Service, Maasai Mara
National Reserve, and the WWF Kenya representatives. Dr. Martin Mulama, who coordinated
the team mobilization in Kenya, deserves very much appreciation including other staff of the
Representation. Equally, the WWF Nepal which could make possible to organize the visit and
learning tour to Kenya is deemed to have much thanks and grateful by the team members. Two
managers Mr. Madhav Khadka and Ms. Sabita Malla managed the trip perfectly although a day
delays due to outside intervention.
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Annex 1: The study visit programme
VISIT BY WWF NEPAL DELEGATES – Sun 5th to Fri 10th July
Day &
Date
Activity Contact Person Tentative programme Actual programme
4th July Departure from
Kathmandu
Ms Sabita Malla 23 hrs departure from Flydubai
FZ574
Arrived at Tribhuvan
International Airport,
Kathmandu and returned
back to resident during
night due to cancelling the
plane schedule
Day 1:
Sun 5th
July
Arrival in NBO (night in NBO) - Grace House
Hotel/Gracia Garden
Departed from Kathmandu
Airport at 2 pm and
stranded at Dubai
International Airport during
night due to delay approach
for booked Emirates plane.
Day 2:
Mon 6th
July
9:30-10:15am - Briefly
meet the Species Team
and join WWF Kenya tea
break.
Martin Mulama WWF Species prog brief; Brief
WWF Kenya on Nepal success.
Trip to MMNR is estimated to
take 3.5 to 4hours. Booked Mara
Sarova Hotel
Arrived at Nairobi in the
late afternoon and stayed at
Gracia Garden Hotel in
Nairobi.
2:00pm - Depart to
Maasai Mara NR.
Made plan for the next day
Day 3:
Tues 7th
July
8:30 - 9:30am - Meet
Mara Officials then Game
Drive in Maasai Mara
National Reserve
Martin Mulama
and Chief Park
Warden (Mara)
All day in Mara - Night at Mara
Sarova Hotel
En-route Rift valley
observation and visited
Warden Field Office of
Maasai Mara National
Reserve and visited the
Mara River and grassland
through motor safari.
Day 4:
Wed 8th
July
8:30am - debrief with the
Reserve Officials, lunch at
Sarova
Martin Mulama
and Chief Park
Warden (Mara)
Sleep in NBO same Hotel Morning safari in Maasai
Mara National Reserve
3:00pm - Travel back to
NBO
Afternoon returned back to
Nairobi
Day 5:
Thur 9th
July
9:30am meeting at KWS
HQs followed by a tour of
Forensic Lab and a visit to
NNP
Martin Mulama;
Linus Kariuki and
Moses Otiende
KWS to make a brief
presentation; Nepal team to make
a brief presentation on their
efforts to fight illegal trade,
followed by a plenary. Night in
NBO same hotel
-do-
Day 6:
Fri 10th
July
Visit Safari Walk and
General look around of
Nairobi followed by
Departure later in the
evening
WWF Kenya
Office visit and
sharing
experiences
This is travel day and activities
fixed for this day are OPTIONAL
-do-
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Annex 2: List of participants
Name Organization Contact Information
Mobile No. Email
Mr. Pashupati Nath Koirala Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation
9851161324 [email protected]
Mr. Amrit Bahadur Bohara Nepal Army, Banke National park
9858030010 [email protected]
Mr. Suraj Gurung Nepal Army, Chitwan National Park
9857630004 [email protected]
Mr. Pashupati Nath Koirala Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation
9851161324 [email protected]
Mr. Bishnu Prasad Thapaliya
Department of National Park and Wildlife Reserve ( Chitwan National Park)
9851162475 [email protected]
Mr. Gopal Bahadur Ghimire
Department of National Park and Wildlife Reserve ( Suklaphata Wildlife Reserve )
9801390421 [email protected]
Mr. Madhav Khadka WWF Nepal 9801048960 [email protected]
Ms. Sabita Malla WWF Nepal 9801087778 [email protected]
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Annex 3: List of agencies and people met S.N. Name Designation Organization 1 Samuel Tokore Chief of Operations
Kenya Wildlife Service
2 Muraya Githinji Deputy Warden Kenya Wildlife Service, Nairobi National
Park
3 Linus Kariuki Rhino Programme Coordinator
Kenya Wildlife Service
4 Emanuel
Suyianka
Warden Operations/Security Maasai Mara National Reserve,
5 Peter Mugui Programme Coordinator,
CBNRM
WWF Kenya
6 Jared Bosire Conservation Manager WWF Kenya
7 Nancy Ghithiga Technical Services Manager WWF Kenya
8 Zac Maritim Spatial Planning Manager WWF Kenya
9 Martin Mulama Programme Coordinator WWF Kenya
10 John Driver Hired Vehicle
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Annex 4: The Maasai Mara National Reserve
Geography
The Maasai Mara National Reserve (MMNR) covers some 1,510 km2 (583 sq mi)[1] in south-western Kenya. It is the
northern-most section of the Mara-Serengeti ecosystem, which covers some 25,000 km2 (9,700 sq mi) in Tanzania
and Kenya. It is bounded by the Serengeti Park to the south, the Siria escarpment to the west, and Maasai pastoral
ranches to the north, east and west. Rainfall in the ecosystem increases markedly along a southeast–northwest
gradient, varies in space and time, and is markedly bimodal. The Sand,Talek River and Mara River are the major
rivers draining the reserve. Shrubs and trees fringe most drainage lines and cover hillslopes and hilltops.
The terrain of the reserve is primarily open grassland with seasonal riverlets. In the south-east region are clumps of
the distinctive acacia tree. The western border is the Esoit (Siria) Escarpment of the East African Rift, which is a
system of rifts some 5,600 km (3,500 mi) long, from Ethiopia's Red Sea through Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi and into
Mozambique. Wildlife tends to be most concentrated here, as the swampy ground means that access to water is
always good, while tourist disruption is minimal. The easternmost border is 224 kilometres (139.2 mi) from Nairobi,
and hence it is the eastern regions which are most visited by tourists.
Altitude: 1500-2180m; Rainfall: 83mm/month; Temperature range: 12-30℃
Wildlife
Photo a : Migrated Wildebeest from Serengeti National Park to Maasai Mara National Reserve, Kenya (in the right aerial view)
Wildebeest, topi, zebra, and Thomson's gazelle migrate into and occupy the Mara reserve, from the Serengeti plains
to the south andLoita Plains in the pastoral ranches to the north-east, from July to October or later. Herds of all three
species are also resident in the reserve.
All members of the "Big Five" (lion, leopard, African elephant, African buffalo, and black rhinoceros) are found in the
Maasai Mara. The population of black rhinos was fairly numerous until 1960, but it was severely depleted by
poaching in the 1970s and early 1980s, dropping to a low of 15 individuals. Numbers have been slowly increasing,
but the population was still only up to an estimated 23 in 1999.[3]
Hippopotami and Nile crocodiles are found in large groups in the Mara and Talek
rivers. Leopards, hyenas, cheetahs, jackals, and bat-eared foxes can also be found in the reserve.[4] The plains
between the Mara River and the Esoit Siria Escarpment are probably the best area for game viewing, in particular
regarding lion and cheetah.
As in the Serengeti, the wildebeest are the dominant inhabitants of the Maasai Mara, and their numbers are
estimated in the millions. Around July of each year, these ungainly animals migrate north from the Serengeti plains in
search of fresh pasture, and return to the south around October. The Great Migration is one of the most impressive
natural events worldwide, involving some 1,300,000 wildebeest, 500,000 Thomson's gazelles, 97,000 Topi,
18,000 elands, and 200,000 zebras. These migrants are followed along their annual, circular route by hungry
predators, most notably lions and hyena.[5]
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Antelopes can be found, including Grant's gazelles, impalas, duikers and Coke's hartebeests. The plains are also
home to the distinctive Masai giraffe. The large roan antelope and the nocturnal bat-eared fox, rarely present
elsewhere in Kenya, can be seen within the reserve borders.
More than 470 species of birds have been identified in the park, many of which are migrants, with almost 60 species
being raptors.[6] Birds that call this area home for at least part of the year include: vultures, marabou storks, secretary
birds, hornbills, crowned cranes, ostriches, long-crested eagles, African pygmy-falcons and the lilac-breasted roller,
which is the national bird of Kenya.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maasai_Mara accessed on 7/15/2015
Annex 5: Nairobi National Park
Nairobi National Park is a national park in Kenya. Established in 1946, the national park was Kenya's first.[2] It is
located approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south of the centre of Nairobi, Kenya's capital city,[3] with an electric fence
separating the park's wildlife from the metropolis.[4] Nairobi's skyscrapers can be seen from the park. The proximity of
urban and natural environments has caused conflicts between the animals and local people and threatens animals'
migration routes.[2]
Still, despite its proximity to civilisation and relative small size for an African national park, [5] Nairobi National Park
boasts a large and varied wildlife population.[6] Migrating herbivores gather in the park during the dry season, and it is
one of Kenya's most successful rhinoceros sanctuaries.[3]
The park covers an area of 117.21 square kilometres (28,963 acres) and is small in comparison to most of Africa's
national parks.[5] The park's altitude ranges between 1,533 metres (5,030 ft) and 1,760 metres (5,774 ft).[1] It has a dry
climate.[4] The park is the only protected part of the Athi-Kapiti ecosystem, making up less than 10% of this
ecosystem.[10] The park has a diverse range of habitats and species.[5]
The park is located about 7 kilometres (4 mi) from the Nairobi's centre. There is electric fencing around the park's
northern, eastern, and western boundaries.[2][4] Its southern boundary is formed by the Mbagathi River. This boundary
is not fenced and is open to the Kitengela Conservation Area (located immediately south of the park) and the Athi-
Kapiti plains.[3][4] There is considerable movement of large ungulate species across this boundary.[4]
The fence that separates the park from the city runs along a high way leaving the airport, this is one fact many
Kenyans are proud of – this park is the only natural safari park that has a city scape background that can be seen
from almost any part of the park, as seen in the picture of the giraffe and the sky scrapers.
Tourism and education Nairobi National Park is the main tourist attraction for visitors to Nairobi. Visitor attractions include the park's diverse
bird species, cheetah, hyena, leopard, and lion. Other attractions are the wildebeest and zebra migrations in July and
August, the Ivory Burning Site Monument, and the Nairobi Safari Walk and animal orphanage. [3] Inhabitants of Nairobi
visit the park and thousands of African children on school field trips visit the park each week.[16]
The park's Wildlife Conservation Education Centre has lectures and video shows about wildlife and guided tours of
the park and animal orphanage. These tours are primarily, but not exclusively, to educate schools and local
communities. There has been criticism about animals' housing, and they now have more spacious housing in a more
natural environment. The Kenya Wildlife Service has created a Safari Walk that highlights the variety of plants and
animals that are in Kenya, and how they affect Kenya's population.[12]
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nairobi_National_Park accessed on 7/15/2015
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Annex 4: Selected photos sighted from the participants
Photo 1: Lion sitting on the shade ( Maasai Mara N Reserve)
Photo 2: Wild Elephant with calf (MMNR)
Photo 3: Cheetah sitting on the grasses (MMNR)
Photo 4: Zebra and Wild Beest (MMNR)
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Photo 5: Secretary Bird ( Nairobi N.Park)
Photo 6: Two horned rhino (Nairobi N. park)
Photo 7: Jiraffe and elephants ( Maasai Mara)
Photo 8: Impala at Nairobi National Park
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Photo 9: Hotel Sarova premises inside the MMNR