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Rachel M. Hass, Esq.McDavid Burke Alan Esq

i

Executive Oce r Imgrton Reew

Bard Immigratin ppealsOc h rk

7 Leesbug Pik, Suit Fal Chuch. Vnia

OHS/ICE ce of Chef Counsel - SNA8940 ounds Drive 5th loor

Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Fel LLP1700 Paifi Ave

San Antoni X 823

uite 4100Dallas, TX 75201

ame:�  A16Riders: 17�

18

  419

Date of ths notce 1/30 01

ncosed s a copy of the Board's decson and orer n the above-rerenced case.

nce

Panel Members:Gundg, John

Sncerey,

D cfDoa CChe Clerk

Ueteam Dock

For more unpublished BIA decisions, visit www.irac.net/unpublished

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U prmn of uscExecutve Oce fr Imiation Review

Decs f the Bard f Ia Appeals

Fal Chuch, Vrgna 20530

Files: 416 Sn Antonio TX Date

474849

In re

IN BOND PROCEEDNGS

APPE

N BEHALF OF RESPONENS Rachel M. Hs EsqureBuke A Mcavid Esqure

ON BEHALF OF DHS Pilip A BAssistant Cef Consel

APPLICATION Chge in custody status

[JAN 3 0 2C

The Depent f Homelnd Secty appeals om e Imiation Judge's rders datedOctober 2 d 3 204 anting te respondents' requests r a change in cutody sta TheIiation Judge issued a bond emrndum on November 5, 04 setting rth the reasonsr his decisin The appe will be dismisse

We review he Imgran Judges ndngs f ct r cle error but questins of lawdiscretion d judent d all ter issues appeals re subect to de novo revie 8 CF§ 1003(d(3

We do not nd that e Imiation Judge failed to provide a "reasonable ndation r sdecisin See HS Bief n Appel dated Dec 1 204 at 2 he Imian Jdge prperlconsidered te evidence relevt to the dngerousness of te respondents te treat ty pose tonational secity and their igt ris See Mtter of Guerra, 4 &N Dec 37 (BA 006; see

lo J at 2-7) he HS nnetheless ges at te matin Judge dd nt cectlapply te Atoey Generls precedential decsin of Mr of 3 I&N Dc 72 AG003 See DHS Brief on Appe dated Dec. 16 204 at 5 We disagree

e mmatn ge dd cnide e natinl ec nd migatin lc intersimplicated by the encagement f her lawl mass mains nd e relese of heserespondents pending e reslutin f eir remvl prceeings. See (J at 3-7 We havelikewise considered te mpact on such interests of releasing tese respondents (nd simillysited lins See Mte of sup, at 581 However we do nt nd that a denia ofbond is necessry under these circmstnces

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A-6 l

Th l dsos w s d h s psd tr oD-   s ved Unted States ppoxmy o y osks o Sp 11, 001 s p o o so s ar ofDJ, sura

576-80 H ws o op o s who o o o d whompd o vd o do d w om hos sho Id. By os, h spods s pos y n o Svdo who d h USs y oss h soh od y 04 (I ) Th s o vd h o

  h spods soh o o sp os who pph h (I ) 1

Aloh h Io s qd o os v h y os hsos o "s mo (I 45), h s o pdd o wsh vd s spods on vd S I 5-7)   (s "ho o Vd [Uvsy] po d y [wo o h Govs s] pov v spos o [] po o s po, sp svdsd o [ pos] s) W o o h Iods ds o h spods oshp o y v o wos

Upo vw o h o w ol h xody dy o h onddo o h spos wo od n od o d wvs o ss mo s ow Th Aoy Gs so atr ofDJ dos o op oy sS attr ofD sura 58 (s oly [] ll od pods vov ss o h U Ss y, wh h Gov os v o sos h xv Bh w v xps ssh h s o sss mpd, Is d BIA sh os sh ss)

W wh Io s os h h spods o

d o o d w $5000 od s ppop o o ss  hd spods pp hs Rd spos s o hIo d h h spods hv x dss Un Ss, hvslshd p l l o ovl, d psd y os S  ( 3) Th o hs o dso s os o osd soy dos tr o urra ur 40

1 W lso o h h spos ppos pd Io

, whs h syppo d y h attr o D  ws dd y o Jd Ao issue do J at 3). C ofD-J-,sur 573

h o o osos h Imo s ppo o ttr oD  o h s o hs ss, w o dss s do h ttr ofD s "dsposv o ss h Co o s spods (I 5)

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�16et a ·

Finally, thou we conclude that te ead espondent' eease nde a bond of $5000 issonable, the gaon Jugs oers wll b mo c ha h ervaveespondents e to be eeased on conditional poe. See section 236(a) ()(B) of the

Iiaon and Nationity At, 8 USC §1226(a)(2)(B)  e Iiaon udge iniate inhs ods tht e diatie spondents wod be eleasd on th o eoces;howev he xplicitly condioned ei eleases upon e lea espondents postng of te$5,000 bon Acodiny the owing oes w be enteed

OER: The appe is disissed

URTR ORDR Th Igaton dges odes e odied to eet at ediative esponnts e ease on contio paole

R o RD

� L

3

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UNTD STATES EPARTMNT OF JUSTCXECUTVE OFFCE FOR MMIGRATO RVW

MGRATON COURT8 DOLOROSA STRT, SUT

SA ANTONO, TEXAS 787

IN THE MATTERS OF )

RSODTS

IN BOND ROCEDINGS

)) Case No.: A) Case No:) Case No: A

)))))

O BEHAF OF TH OVENMETUS. Iigaion & Cusos nceenOce of Cief Counsel8940 Fouwinds D, 5 FSan Anonio TX 78239

OD MEORADM AD ORER O TH IMMGRATO JUG

Procedural istory

Te lead esponden is a naive and ciizen of El Salvado,

wo eneed e Unied Saes a o nea Roa, Texas, on uly 30 2014 Te mino espondens

ae e lead esponden's cilden, a and aall naives and ciizens of El Salvado wo accopanied ei moe ino e

Unied Saes On an asylum oce conduced a cedibe fea ineview of e

espondens and und a ey esablised a cedible fea of pesecuion All espondens ae

caged as emoable aliens pusuan o secion 212a)7)A)i)I) of e Iiaion and

Naionaliy Ac e Ac, as aended, as aliens no in possession of valid eny docuens

Te DHS deemined a no bond sould be se in e espondens cases Te

espondens equesed a edeeminaion of ei cusody saus ing wi e Cou documens

in suppo of ei eques Te DHS led wi e Cou docuens in suppo of a denial of a

On

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mino respondets be eleased on their own recognizance The Cout rthe ordeed that the

lead espondent only be eleased with he childe and conversely the mior respodents only

with their mother The HS has appealed the Courts custody redetemiatio

II Redetermnaton of Custody Status and ondIn geneal an alien who is in the custody of the HS may aply to a Immigratio Judge

a edetermiatio of his custoy status at ay time bere a removal order becomes

administratively nal See 8 CF.R § 1236l(d)(l ) The alie must howeer establish that he

merits elease on bond. See Mater of Guerra 24 I&N Dec 37 40 BIA 2006) see also Maer

o Adeni 22 &N ec 10 11-12 (BIA 999) The Court must cosider whether a alie

is a theat to national security a danger to the commuity at large ersos o propety) likely to

abscod or othewise a poor bail risk See Guerr, 24 I&N Dec at 40 see lso e 24 I&N

Dec at 111 1-12.

he out has broad discetion in deciding the ctos that may be considered i custody

redetemination See Guerra 24 I&N Dec at 40. Ideed the Cour may choose to give geater

weight to one cto oe others as long as the decisio is reasoable See The ctors the

Cout consides include any o all of the lowing (1) whether the alie has a xed addess in

the nited States (2) the alien's length of esidece i the United States (3) the aliens mily

ties in the ited States and hether they may etitle the alie to reside permaetly i the

nited States in the ture; (4) the aliens employmet hstoy; (5 the alie's record of

appearance i cout; (6 the alie's criminal record icludig the etensiveess of criminal

actiity the rececy of such activity and the seriousess of the oenses () the aliens history

of immigratio iolations (8) ay attempts by the alien to ee prosecutio or otherwise escae

om authoities; and (9) the alies manner of etry to the Uited States See

here is no evidece i the record that the respodents have a immigratio histoy apt

om this entry o a crimial ecod The espondets repesented that this is thei rst time in

theUnited States and that they do not have a ciminal record

SeeCredible ea Inteview

Questions & Aswers at The Court the notes that there is o eidece in the record that

the espondents sought to ee o escape om immigration ofcials aer eing apprehended

he espondents have established that they will reside with nd • is the brother of the ther of the youngest mioresides with t their address i See

2

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Houe Commttee o Homead Seurty hear o Jue 24, 2014. See i at 9-13 At that

hear, Sereary oho oued he HS raey o proe he reaed tde of

uaompaed hdre" ad tem the reaed tde of ea mrao" See at 9

The HS ao ed th he Cour ee e arte o ue pera to eammrao the Uted Stae. See at 14-40 Oe arte derbe oermet ef to

tem the ure ea mmrato by mo to puh ba o mrmato a be

deberatey pated . . . bout what peope a expet f hey ome to he Uted Stae

eay See at 15 Aother arte due Predet Bara Obama requet r

Core . to quy prode amt $4 bo to oo a ure of you mrat om

Cetra Amera ro the border to Texa" the Predet a t a ure humatara

tuao." See at 21 The rema arte doumet the haee ed by ae

paruary mor attempt o eay eer the Uted State See at 25-39

The HS ubmted a opy of Matter of D-J- 23 I&N De 572 (AG 2003) that ae

the the Attoey Geera deermed tha atoa eurty oderato ere appropratey

odered ae of ae aemp o eay eer he Ued Sae y ea See

I& De at 79 The ttoey Geera ao truted mmrato ourt o oder edee

om Exeute Brah oure th reeat experte f the edee etabhe that at

atoa eurty teret are mpated. See a 81 the preet ae, the oemet ha

proded to o dearato om Php T Mer ad Tra A embe both empoyee of

the DHS See Deparmet of Homead Seurty Submo of Doumeary Edee at 1-8

Mr. er tae that he umber of appreheo at the Southet border roe y 16

peret om a year 2012 o a year 2013 ad hat the umber of redbe ar ae ao

reaed dur that ame pa, moy a a reut of am om E Saador Guatemaa ad

Hodura. See at I He tate that [a]ord o debre of Guatemaa, Hodura, ad

Saadora detaee" the ehood of reeae o a o bod or o bod amo the reao

they are om to the Uted State" See at 2 Mr. Mer te a tudy om Vaderbt

Uerty ted Amercas Barometer nsghts: 2014 Volene and Mgrton n Central

Amera" Mr. er uet tha oe ey tor" ue the deo to mrate the

extee of a ate mrato etor See e oe o o oude that ea mrat

to the Uted Stae ho are reeaed o a mma bod beome part of uh ae mrao

etor." See Mr. Mer rther ote that mpeme a o bod or hh bod poy

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wll provde addonal me o screen deanees to den hose who mgh pose a threat to

publc say or naonal secury See a 3

Trac Lembke saes ha aduls whout chldren are he most euenly encountered

category of ndvduals who legally cross the Southwese border See a Ms embkenotes ha human smugglng operatons have been known to abuse and eto alens See at 6

She also ces he Vanderblt sudy mentoned by Mr Mller echong hs comment ha llegal

mmgrants released on a mnmal bond become par of acve mgraon neworks See a

2 6

n consdern he drecves of he Aoey General n Me fD-J-, rst nd tha D

 J- s no dsposve of he ssue bere he Court concernng these respondens DJ-, by s

erms, nvolved a patcular group of alens who were enterng the Uned Saes by sea and n

tha case he govement had submtte etensve and dealed naton documentng the

relaonshp beween percepons n Ha of successl US enry by seagong mgrans and he

lkelhood of rther mass mgraons See D-J-, 23 & Dec at 7 Ths case, however does

not nvolve arrvals by sea and he conce hat martme mgrant ypcally carry lle or no

dencaon s no an ssue n ths case

evertheless have consdered the nrmaon submted by Mr Mller and Ms

Lembke and share the DS conce that, n some cases juvenle and adul alens may e

motvaed to undertake a dangerous jouey o the Uned Staes based on lse assurances om

unscrupulous ndvduals regardng her ablty to ener and reman n he Unted Staes

However the DHS' poston, aken o s logcal ereme, would result n all alens beng held

whou bond o dscourage ohers om comng to the Unted Sates llegally Snce he DHS

releases undocumened alens n many cases on bonds or even on her own recognance do

not nd ha he DHS conce overrdes all oher consderaons, as noed above whch te

Cour s oblged o ake nto accoun when redetermnng cusody satus n a partcular case See

Gue 24 I& Dec a 40; ee so Aden 22 & Dec a 1111-12 ee so DJ, 23 I&

Dec at 776

urthermore he ends and mly eect noed n the study cted b the DHS

employees s bu one ctor among many ha result n llegal mmgraton om Central

Amerca, and he govement has no establshed hat t s he key ctor n hs cae or ohers

lke t rofessor Jonahan Hskey, he auhor of the Vanderbl report cted by Mr Mller and

5

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s Lembke, povded an afdavt n esponse to lle and s Lembke's nteetaton of

hs epot callng t a supecal and selectve undestandng of [the epot's] man ndngs"

See Respondents ocuments Suppot of Redetemnaton of Custody Status at 53-57, 55 In

hs swo statement Pofesso sky explans that the concept of actve mgaton netwokswas ntoduced only as one seveal contol vaables n hs study of the detemnants of

mgaton ntentons" and as not the cental cus" of the analyss See at 53, 55. nstea,

the cental ndng" of the epot was the ctcal ole that cme vctmzaton n Cental

meca plays n causng ctzens of these countes to consde emgaton as a vable albet

extemely dangeous lfe choce" See at 55 hs ndng s one suppoted by Posso

Nesto Rodguez whose adavt the espondents also led wth the Cout See Respondents'

ocuments n Suppot of Redetemnaton of Custody Status at 17-20 In hs statement

Posso Rodguez advses that gang volence and nsecuty ae the pncpal motvatng

ctos that cause ental mecans to cme to the Unted States and that umos of lenent

detenton polces ae not a sgncant cto elng the mgaton See n the context of

Posso skeys epot, ten actve mgaton netwoks meely med a pat of the

theoetcal amewok n whc Pofesso skey could bette and moe condently dentfy the

mpact that cme an coupton vctmzaton have on the emgaton ecson" an cannot be

egaded as a key detemnant of that decson tself See at 55

Posso Hskey the ctczes M Mlle an Ms embe gnong the

theoetcal logc behnd the ends and mly eect' as well as the actual measue [used] n the

analyss to captue ths eect See at 56 Fa om cltatng mass mgaton, as Mlle

and s Lembke would allege women ad chlden eeng volence n Cental meca

appea to be the least lkely candates to jon and contbute to an actve mgaton netwok

See osso skey notes that the ablty to make emttances s moe lkely among

mgants that have secued stable employment and esences wthn the Unted States than

among mothes wth young clen who necessaly wll be cused on smply edng" those

chlden and who ae dependent on the ncome of sponsos o mly membes to whch they

ae eleased" See ee the mno espondents ae an�eas old.hle the lead espondent has a elatve wth whom she can stay, she wll stll have to cae

heself and he thee chlden he evdence smply does not demonstate that these espondents

o othes smlaly stuated ae lkely to consttute a pat of an actve mgaton netwok

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ae:

IT IS UTHER ODEED ha he minor respondenA-) be

released on his own recogizance, with the conditio that hem

ay as d 

wih his moher

Glen MchaulUied Saes mmigrio udge

8