a mobile sensor network using autonomously controlled animals yihan li, shivendra s. panwar and...
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A Mobile Sensor Network Using
Autonomously Controlled Animals
Yihan Li, Shivendra S. Panwar and Srinivas Burugupalli
New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Telecommunications (CATT)
ECE Dept., Polytechnic University
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Autonomously Controlled Animals Achievements by Dr. John Chapin and his
group at SUNY Downstate Medical Center. Stimulate multiple brain regions of rats to
produce stimulus cues for various commanded movements and rewards to reinforce their movements.
Use wireless communication to deliver brain stimulation.
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A Mobile Bio-sensor Network
Remotely guided animals are ideal for search and rescue operations. Naturally adept at negotiating difficult 3D terrain
and traversing particular obstacles. Can be trained to detect and home in on specific
sensory targets. Applications
Natural disaster recovery Homeland security Military operations
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System Overview
The remote control center Receives and processes sensor data. Sends guidance command to animals.
Animals, carrying backpacks Microprocessor, wireless transceiver, Camera,
battery Limited weight (100 grams for a rat). Locally executed computation must be extremely
simple. Ad hoc network infrastructure.
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Task Allocation among Sensors Seeker
Trained to use olfactory and other senses to find a particular target.
Carries a camera and a low power wireless communication system.
Transmits sensor data at low power to nearby followers. Follower
Trained to closely follow a seeker everywhere. Processes sensor data (from a seeker) and transmits it at
higher power. Relays
Form a chain of repeaters between seeker/follower and the control center.
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Network Architecture
Unexplored
Space
Visualization of the search field
Explored Region
Command Center
Relay
Seeker/follower pair
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Technical Issues
Animal training and behavior modeling Sensor data processing and transmission Cooperative control of animal sensors Wireless communications Backpack development
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Wireless Communication
Challenges Harsh radio propagation environment Tight constraints on equipment size and weight Critical importance of battery energy conservation
Interrelated research areas Network topology design Radio propagation modeling Radio resources management Media access control techniques Routing algorithms
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Two Kinds of Messages
Sensor data Long Sent only from seekers to the control center
Control messages Short Sent frequently
between the control center and animals among group of animals
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Routing in the Bio-sensor Network Needs to be simple, efficient and reliable. Proposed routing scheme
Flooding for control messages. Location-aware routing for data messages. Under investigation. More work will be done
on design, performance simulation and analysis.
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Transport Protocol in the Bio-sensor network Will investigate
One-dimensional topology Multipath transmission
Delayed sensor data is still desirable for later review and backtracking. Will be cached for retransmission. Different from usual wireless network.
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Backpack Prototype Development An early version of the backpack prototype
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Devices Used in the Backpack Cerfcubes from Intrinsyc Software Axis 205 network camera from Axis Communi
cations NetGate EL-2511 MP Plus 802.11b miniPCI c
ard Antennas
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A Simple Network Using Fixed Routing
camera cube1 cube2Control center
x.x.1.1 1.2 2.1 2.2 3.1x.x.3.2
A screen shot of the video received by the
control center
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Future Work on Backpack Prototype Reduce the weight. Implement dynamic routing. Implement sensor data processing and
control schemes.