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Lin Shou & Min Zhong03/03/20111A Model for Screening Toxic AirPollutant ConcentrationsENV 6146, Atmospheric Dispersion ModelingTSCREENTable of Content2Part IOverviewLimitations and AssumptionsScenario & Model SelectionRelease TypeModel SelectionConsiderations for Time-Varying and Time-Limited Releases

Part IIModel installationModel input parametersMain menuCase study

Overview3This model provides a logical approach to the selection of appropriate screening techniques for estimating ambient concentrations due to various toxic/hazardous pollutant releases.

Screening estimates obtained using this model represent maximum short-term ground level concentration estimates from a meteorological perspective.

Methods used in the model apply to situations A release can be fairly well-definedNon-accidental toxic releasesLimitations and Assumptions4Screening techniques provided are intended for use on small to mid-scale non-accidental releases.

All techniques assume that the toxic air contaminant is non-reactive and non-depositing.

The determination of denser-than-air behavior is done based on the initial contaminant density comparison to ambient air.Limitations and Assumptions5Time dependent emissions cannot be simulated with these simple screening technique. Techniques provided assume steady releases for a specified period. All release calculations assume ideal conditions for gas and liquid flows. The influence of obstructions such as buildings and topography on denser-than-air releases and releases close to the ground are not included. Complicated post-release thermodynamic behavior for denser-than-air releases is not accounted for in these screening techniques.Scenario & Model Selection6Release TypePhysical State Gas (dense/highly reactive/rapidly deposits on surfaces)LiquidAerosol Multi-phasedProcess/Release ConditionsKnowledge of the circumstances under which chemicals are released helps to determine both state and dispersive characteristics. For example, location of a leak in a pressurized liquefied gas storage tank will determine if a release is liquid or gas and if source modeling is required prior to dispersion estimates.Dispersive Characteristics Instantaneous v.s continuousPoint v.s area v.s volume releasesScenario & Model Selection7Scenario Selection

Particulate matter (3)Gases (11)Liquids (9)Releases from Superfund sites (1)Model Selection

SCREENRVDPUFFBritter-McQuaidHow to select a model?Release Type8

Release Type9

Particulate Releases from Ducting/Connector Failures - 1.310Instantaneous bursts of particulates due to duct failure (e.g., pneumatic conveyor line failures), line disconnection, isolation joint failure, or other types of equipment openings.

Continuous Multiple Fugitive Emissions - 2.711Releases from any continuous area or volume source.The emissions are uniformly released over the area or the area represents a collection of small sources poorly defined in terms of locationE.g., multiple vents on large manufacturing buildings, fugitive VOC sources in refineries or chemical process manufacturing plants.

Instantaneous Low Volatility Liquid Leaks 3.912Instantaneous release of liquid Normal boiling point is above ambient temperature. A low volatility material stored at moderate to low pressure (and where the boiling point is above storage temperature).Assume the liquid evaporates at the same rate it is spilled (except when the liquid is confined by a bund dike from which liquid does not overflow). Possible applications include a (low volatility) liquid leak from a tank or a pipe.

Air Strippers 4.113

Similar Releases: None.Model Selection14SCREEN

SCREEN is a Gaussian dispersion model applicable to continuous releases of particulate matter and non-reactive, non-dense gases that are emitted from point, area, and flared sources.

It estimate maximum ground-level concentrations and distances to the maximum based on a pre-selected range of meteorological conditions.

The SCREEN model implements most of the single source short-term procedures contained in the EPA screening procedures document (EPA, 1988c.)

SCREEN has the option of incorporating the effects of building downwash.RVD15The RVD model (EPA, 1989) provides short-term ambient concentration estimates for screening pollutant sources emitting denser-than-air gases and aerosols through vertically-directed jet releases.

The model is based on empirical equations derived from wind tunnel tests and estimates the maximum ground level concentration at plume touchdown at up to 30 downwind receptor locations.PUFF16The PUFF dispersion model provides an estimate of peak downwind concentrations for the case where the release time is finite but smaller than the travel time (i.e., an instantaneous release). The PUFF model is based on the Gaussian instantaneous puff equation and is applicable for neutrally buoyant nonreactive releases.

This method will give reasonable concentration estimates at downwind distances greater than about five times the horizontal dimension of the source.

Many sources are not truly instantaneous. However, if the travel time is long compared to the release time, then the puff model can be used to estimate concentrations.Britter-McQuaid17The Britter-McQuaid model (1988) provides an estimate of dispersion of denser-than-air gases from area sources for continuous (plume) and instantaneous (puff) releases.

Scenario Selection18Continuous Release

Scenario Selection19Instantaneous Release

19Considerations for Time-Varying and Time-Limited Releases20Time-varying release: Release rate varies with time.Reservoir pressure and temperature would be expected to vary with time if the release rate was very large in comparison with the reservoir volume. For these conditions, the release rate decreases with time so that the maximum release rate can be determined from initial reservoir (stagnation) conditions. Total amount released Q could again be estimated by QmTm. where, Qm is the release rate; Tm is the release duration.Considerations for Time-Varying and Time-Limited Releases21Time-limited ReleaseRelease rate is constant over the duration of the releaseThe release duration is short in comparison with other important time scales (e.g., the averaging time used to assess the toxicity, or the cloud travel time to a downwind position of interest).E.g. an automatic shutoff system is assumed to stop the release after a specified (generally short) time period. Model Installation 22Easy to installation 1: Unzip the 4 sub folders under one TSCREEN folder

Model Installation 232: run MS DOS: Start runtype cmd3: run TSCREEN

Main menu24 File --- to retrieve previously entered data, previously saved model printed output, or previously saved model graphic output Initial Form of Release --- to select a form of release and enter a new scenario Chemical Database --- to view or edit the Chemical Database Quit --- to exit TSCREEN.

Model input parametersSCREENpoint source RELEASE PARAMETERSEmission Rate (Qm) (g/s)Exit Velocity (Exitv) (m/s)Release Height above Ground (Hs) (m)Diameter at Release Point (D) (m)Temperature of the Material Released (Ts) (K)AMBIENT PARAMETERAmbient Temperature (Ta) (K)BUILDING PARAMETERSBuilding Height (m)Building Minimum Horizontal Dimension (m)Building Maximum Horizontal Dimension (m)URBAN/RURAL CLASSIFICATIONEnter U for Urban - R for RuralFENCELINE DISTANCEEnter the distance from the base of the stack to the plant fenceline (m)TERRAIN TYPE1. Is this a FLAT or SIMPLE TERRAIN elevation (Y/N)25Model input parametersSCREENpoint source TERRAIN TYPEIs this a FLAT or SIMPLE TERRAIN elevation (Y/N) Are receptors above stack-base (Y/N)SIMPLE FLAT TERRAINDo you have specific locations where you would like pollutant concentrations to be calculated (Y/N)Do you have receptors above ground level (i.e. Flag Pole Receptors) (Y/N)You have completed simple terrain inputs. Do you want to continue with complex terrain (Y/N)SIMPLE TERRAIN STAIR-STEP SEARCHEnter distance and terrain elevation for "stair-step search"-DISCRETE RECEPTORSEnter a height and distance(s) from the source to terrain feature(s) at which a specific receptor will be locatedCOMPLEX TERRAIN1. Enter height and distance from receptor locations26Model input parametersSCREENarea source RELEASE PARAMETERSRelease Height above Ground (Hs) Area of the Emitting Source (A) Enter Receptor Height above Ground (Zr)Enter (up to 30) distances from the source at which concentrations should be calculatedSCREENRVDRELEASE PARAMETERSPOLLUTANT INFORMATIONURBAN/RURAL CLASSIFICATIONFENCELINE DISTANCERECEPTOR LOCATIONSTIME1. Desired Averaging Time for the Calculation of Concentration (min) 27Model input parametersPUFFRELEASE PARAMETERSInitial Lateral Dispersion yInitial Vertical Dispersion ZFENCELINEAVERAGING TIMESelect Desired Averaging Time

28MODEL PARAMETERSRelative Humidity (Rh)Desired Averaging Time for the Calculation of Concentration(min) Pollutant Boiling Point Temperature (Tb) FENCELINE DISTANCERECEPTOR LOCATIONSRECEPTOR LOCATIONSModel input parametersBritter-McQuaid29Case study 1

30Case study 131Qm ---emission rate (0.029 tons per year is equal to 9.2x10-4 g/s)Vs --- exit Velocity(17.8 m/s)Example : Cadmium emissionProblem: A facility emits 0.029 tons per year of cadmium through a stack that is 16 meters above ground. The stack inside diameter is 0.1 meters, the stack exit temperature is 298 K, and the volumetric flow rate is 0.14 m3/s. The stack is adjacent to a square building with height and building dimensions equal to 19 m. The site is classified as rural, with complex terrain being present. Concentrations at a receptor located 25 meters from the stack is required.

"Nearby" includesstructures within a distance of five times the lesser of theheight or width of the structure, but not greater than 0.8 km(0.5 mile).31Data entry

32Terrain type is determined according to whether it is above or below stack-top. Simple terrain is an area where terrainfeatures are all lower in elevation than the top of the stack of the source.32

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Model output3536Save and graph

Case study 2Instantaneous Gaseous Leak from Reservoir - 2.4

Any puff or burst type release with short duration emissions resulting from the opening of equipment after processing (e.g., coke ovens or chemical reactors), from routine sampling of product processing or gaseous emissions fromdisconnected lines.3738Example: Release from equipment openingCase study 2A common source of emissions due to equipment openings is found in the production of coke where the opening of the ovens at the completion of processing results in a near instantaneous release. One toxic component of the emission is toluene. A coke oven battery produces 20,000 kg total emissions. The oven door is 5 m above ground. An estimate of 15-minute average concentration at distances beyond 50 m downwind of this source is needed.Total Amount of Material Released.Assume that VOC emissions are approximately 3% of total coke pushing emissions.0.03 X 20,000 kg=600kgtotal toluene emissions from coke production are 0.24 g/kg of VOC .600 X 0.24 = 144 g.38

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Data entry40Model output41

42Thanks ! 42

CHEMBASE.DBF

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FOXUSER.DBF

OUTPUT.DBF

TSHELP.DBF_DESCRCFTEXTMGCALLEDFROMCQGETFIELDC[EDITFIELDCo References 3198GETREF YN REFERENCES FILEMEM File 8FILEMEN FILE 01 FILE Access Data From Previous Scenario 11FILEMEN ACCESS DAT 02 ADFPS Access Model Print Output 15FILEMEN ACCESS MOD 03 AMPO Access Model Graphic Output 19FILEMEN ACCESS GRA 04 AMGO Quit 23QUITMEN QUIT 16 QUIT RELMEN Initial Form of Release 26RELMEN INITIAL FO 06 IFR Particulate Matter Release Type 30RELMEN PARTICULAT 07 PMRT Gaseous Release Type 36RELMEN GASEOUS RE 08 GRT Liquid Release Type 42RELMEN LIQUID REL 09 LRT Superfund Release Type 49RELMEN SUPERFUND 10 SRT PARTMEN Stacks,Vents - 1.1 54PARTMEN STACKS,VEN 11 STACKS,VENTS Fugitive/Windblown Dust Emissions - 1.2 64PARTMEN FUGITIVE/W 12 FUGITIVE/WINDBLOW Ducting/Connector Failures - 1.3 71PARTMEN DUCTING/CO 13 DUCTING/CONNECTOR GASMEN Flared Stack Emissions - 2.1 77GASMEN FLARED STA 14 FLARED STACK EMIS Stacks, Vents, Conventional Point Sources - 2.2 85GASMEN STACKS, VE 15 STACKS, VENTS, CO Leaks from a Reservoir - 2.3,2.4 95GASMEN LEAKS FROM A RES 16 LEAKS FROM A RES Leaks from a Pipe Attached to Reservoir - 2.5,2.6 110GASMEN LEAKS FROM A PIPE 17 LEAKS FROM A PIPE Multiple Fugitive Sources - 2.7 121GASMEN MULTIPLE F 18 MULTIPLE FUGITIV Land Treatment Facilites - 2.8 130GASMEN LAND TREAT 19 LAND TREATMENT F Municipal Solid Waste Landfills - 2.9 135GASMEN MUNICIPAL 20 MUNICAPAL SOLID Pesticide/Herbicide Applications - 2.10 139GASMEN PESTICIDE/ 21 PESTICIDE/HERBIC Discharges from Equipment Openings - 2.11 144GASMEN DISCHARGES 22 DISCHARGES FROM E LIQMEN Surface Impoundments (Lagoons) - 3.1 152LIQMEN SURFACE IM 22 SURFACE IMPOUNDME 2-Phase Saturated Liquid from Pressurized Storage - 3.2,3.3 158LIQMEN 2-PHASE SATURATED 23 2-PHASE SATURATED 2-Phase Subcooled Liquid from Pressurized Storage - 3.4,3.5 178LIQMEN 2-PHASE SUBCOOLED 24 2-PHASE SUBCOOLED High Volatility Liquid Leaks - 3.6,3.7 200LIQMEN HIGH VOLATILITY 25 HIGH VOLATILITY Low Volatility Liquid Leaks - 3.8,3.9 1887LIQMEN LOW VOLATILITY 27 LOW VOLATILITY L SUPMEN Air Stripper - 4.1 221SUPMEN AIR STRIPP 50 AIR STRIPPER TIMEMEN Release Duration 225TIMEMEN RELEASE DU 111 RD Continuous 227TIMEMEN CONTINUOUS 112 CONT Instantaneous 2709TIMEMEN INSTANTANE 113 INST CHEMMEN Chemical Database 254CHEMMEN CHEMICAL 114 CHEMDATA Search the Database 259CHEMMEN SEARCH THE 115 SCHEMDATA Add a Chemical to Database 264CHEMMEN ADD A CHEM 116 ACDATA ScrnP Screen Point Model 267ScrnP SCRNP Title 269ScrnP TITLE TITLE Emission Rate - Screen Point Model 274ScrnP QM ER1 Exit Velocity 357ScrnP EXITV EXITV Release Height 364ScrnP HS RH1 Diameter 368ScrnP D DIAMETER Temperature of Release Material 371ScrnP TS TEMPERATURE OF MATER Ambient Temperature 376ScrnP TA AMBTEMP Building Height 2676ScrnP HB BUILDING H Building Minimum 404ScrnP BMIN BUILDING MIN Building Maximum 411ScrnP BMAX BUILDING MAX Distance from Reservoir to Leak 2669ScrnP PLS DISTANCE FROM RESERV Urban/Rural Classification 418ScrnP RUCLASS URC Fenceline Distance - Screen 423ScrnP FENCE FENCESCRN Terrain Type 2538ScrnP SIMPLE TERTYPE Simple Terrain 2170ScrnP SIMPELTRN SIMPNFLAT Specific Locations - Screen 463ScrnP ISD SPLOCSCRN Flag Pole Receptors (Y/N) 482ScrnP RAGYN FLGPLYN Flag Pole Receptors 496ScrnP ZR FLGPL Complex Terrain 501ScrnP CMPLXTRN COMPLXTER Simple Terrain Inputs 509ScrnP SIMPINPUTS SIMPINPUTS Discrete Receptor Height 523ScrnP DHTER DISCRRH Discrete Receptor Distance 531ScrnP DIST DISTRRD More Distances (Y/N) 539ScrnP PROC MOREDIST Complex Terrain Height 542ScrnP CHTER COMPLXTERH Complex Terrain Distance 548ScrnP CX COMPLXTERD ScrnA Screen Area Model 553ScrnA SCRNA Release Height - Screen Area Model 555ScrnA HS RHAREA Area of Source 561ScrnA A AREA Urban/Rural Classification 566ScrnA RUCLASS URC Fenceline Distance - Screen 1594ScrnA FENCE FENCESCRN Flag Pole Receptors - Screen Area Model 581ScrnA ZR FLGPLAREA Specific Locations - Screen 589ScrnA ISD SPLOCSCRN Receptor Locations - Screen 608ScrnA DIST RECLOCSCRN ScrnF Screen Flare Model 615ScrnF SCRNF Title 617ScrnF TITLE TITLE Release Rate 622ScrnF QM RELEASERATE Volume Fraction - Screen 635ScrnF VOL VOLFRAC1 Volumetric Flow Rate 639ScrnF V VOLFLRT Molecular Weight 643ScrnF MW MW Total Heat Release Rate from the Flare 1682ScrnF HR TOTHEAT Release Height 656ScrnF HS RH1 Building Height 660ScrnF HB BUILDING H Building Minimum 683ScrnF BMIN BUILDING MIN Building Maximum 690ScrnF BMAX BUILDING MAX Urban/Rural Classification 697ScrnF RUCLASS URC Fenceline Distance - Screen 702ScrnF FENCE FENCESCRN Terrain Type 1495ScrnF SIMPLE TERTYPE Simple Terrain 1485ScrnF SIMPELTRN SIMPNFLAT Specific Locations - Screen 741ScrnF ISD SPLOCSCRN Flag Pole Receptors (Y/N) 760ScrnF RAGYN FLGPLYN Flag Pole Receptors 774ScrnF ZR FLGPL Complex Terrain 779ScrnF CMPLXTRN COMPLXTER Simple Terrain Inputs 787ScrnF SIMPINPUTS SIMPINPUTS Discrete Receptor Height 801ScrnF DHTER DISCRRH Discrete Receptor Distance 809ScrnF DIST DISTRRD More Distances (Y/N) 817ScrnF PROC MOREDIST Complex Terrain Height 820ScrnF CHTER COMPLXTERH Complex Terrain Distance 826ScrnF CX COMPLXTERD PPM Calculate max concentration in PPM (Y/N) 1340PPM PPMYN CALCULATE MAX CONCEN Molecular Weight of Material Released 839PPM MW MW Puff Puff Model 849Puff PUFF Title 851Puff TITLE TITLE Total Amount of Material Released - Puff 856Puff Q TOTMATRELPUFF Release Height 868Puff HS RH1 Initial Lateral Dispersion y 2583Puff SIGMAY INITIAL LATERAL DISP Initial Vertical Dispersion z 2573Puff SIGMAZ INITIAL VERTICAL DIS Fenceline Distance - Puff 875Puff FENCE FENCEPUFF Desired Averaging Time - Puff 880Puff PLOTAV DAVTMPUFF RVD RVD Model 1336RVD RVD Release Height 891RVD HS RH1 Exit Velocity - RVD 895RVD EXITV EXITV RVD Volume Fraction - RVD 907RVD VOL VOLFRAC2 Molecular Weight of Pollutant 912RVD MWC MWRVD Desired Averaging Time - RVD 444RVD AV DAVTMRVD Urban/Rural Classification 937RVD RUCLASS URC Fenceline Distance - RVD 942RVD FENCE FENCERVD Specific Locations - RVD 947RVD ISD SPLOCRVD Receptor Locations - RVD 958RVD DIST RECLOCRVD BM Britter-McQuaid Model 965BM BM Relative Humidity 2529BM HR RELATIVE HUMIDITY Desired Averaging Time 2433BM AV DESIRED AVER T BM Boiling Point Temperature 2532BM TB BOILING POINT TEMP Fenceline Distance - Britter-McQuaid Model 931BM FENCE FENCEBM Specific Locations - Britter-McQuaid Model 919BM ISD SPLOCBM Receptor Locations - Britter-McQuaid Model 831BM DIST RECLOCBM 1.1 Scenario 1.1 - Particulate Matter Releases from Stack 9671.1 S101 1.2 Scenario 1.2 - Release of Fugitive Dust 9721.2 S102 Title 9751.2 TITLE TITLE Source Type 9801.2 TYPE SOURCE TYPE Emission Rate - Scenario 1.2 9841.2 QM ER102 Silt Content (s) 9961.2 S SILT CONTENT Number of Days Precipitation 10011.2 P NUMDYS Percent of Time Wind Speed 10051.2 FT PERCENT OF TIME WIND Percent of Pollutant 10091.2 VOL PERPOL Diameter - Scenario 1.2 10121.2 D DIAMETERSP 1.3 Scenario 1.3 - Ejection of Dust Failures 10151.3 S103 2.1 Scenario 2.1 - Flare Emissions 10192.1 S201 2.2 Scenario 2.2 - Releases from Stacks, Vents, Point Sources 10242.2 S202 Title 10272.2 TITLE TITLE Release Gas Density Check - 2.2 10322.2 PAYN RELEASEGASDENSITYCH Ambient Temperature 10392.2 TA AMBTEMP Temperature of Release Material 10452.2 TS TEMPERATURE OF MATER Molecular Weight 10502.2 MW MW Emission Rate - Scenario 2.2 10602.2 QM ER202 Diameter - Scenario 2.2 10772.2 D DIAMETER202 2.3 Scenario 2.3 - Continuous Leaks from a Reservoir 10832.3 S203 Title 10862.3 TITLE TITLE Area of Hole or Opening 10912.3 A0CM AREA OF HOLE OR OPEN P for Pipe - T for Tank 10942.3 TYPE P FOR PIPE - T FOR T Pipe Diameter 10982.3 DP PIPE DIAMETER Pipe Length 11562.3 P PIPE LENGTH Gas Heat Capacity 11022.3 CP GAS HEAT CAPACITY Reservoir Pressure 11082.3 PR RESERVOIR PRESSURE Ambient Pressure 11112.3 PA AMBIENT PRESSURE Reservoir Temperature 11142.3 T1 RESERVOIR TEMPERATUR Critical Temperature 11172.3 TC CRITICAL TEMPERATURE Latent Heat of Vaporization 11242.3 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Boiling Point Temperature 11302.3 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Density at Reservoir Conditions 11362.3 PL CONTAMINANT DENSITY Molecular Weight 11402.3 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Ambient Temperature 11502.3 TA AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Does release result in a vertically directed jet (Y/N) 24472.3 YN DOES RELEASE RESULT Total Amount of Material Released 27882.3 Q TOTAL AMOUNT OF MAT 2.4 Scenario 2.4 - Instantaneous Leaks from a Reservoir 11602.4 S204 Title 11632.4 TITLE TITLE Area of Hole or Opening 11682.4 A0CM AREA OF HOLE OR OPEN P for Pipe - T for Tank 11712.4 TYPE P FOR PIPE - T FOR T Pipe Diameter 11752.4 DP PIPE DIAMETER Pipe Length 10732.4 P PIPE LENGTH Gas Heat Capacity 11792.4 CP GAS HEAT CAPACITY Reservoir Pressure 11852.4 PR RESERVOIR PRESSURE Ambient Pressure 11882.4 PA AMBIENT PRESSURE Reservoir Temperature 11912.4 T1 RESERVOIR TEMPERATUR Critical Temperature 11942.4 TC CRITICAL TEMPERATURE Latent Heat of Vaporization 12012.4 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Boiling Point Temperature 12072.4 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Density at Reservoir Conditions 12132.4 PL CONTAMINANT DENSITY Molecular Weight 12242.4 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Ambient Temperature 12342.4 TA AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Total Amount of Material Released 27952.4 Q TOTAL AMOUNT OF MAT Does release result in a vertically directed jet (Y/N) 24422.4 YN DOES RELEASE RESULT 2.5 Scenario 2.5 - Continuous Leaks from a Pipe Attached to a Reservoir 16312.5 S205 Title 16262.5 TITLE TITLE Area of Hole or Opening 8882.5 A0CM AREA OF HOLE OR OPEN Pipe Diameter 27392.5 DP PIPE DIAMETERS205 Pipe Length 27532.5 P PIPE LENGTHS205 Molecular Weight 27292.5 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Number of Pipe Elbows 27672.5 NE NUMBER OF PIPE ELBOW Ambient Pressure 7382.5 PA AMBIENT PRESSURE Reservoir Pressure 23022.5 PR RESERVOIR PRESSURE Reservoir Temperature 26342.5 T1 RESERVOIR TEMPERATUR Gas Heat Capacity 13512.5 CP GAS HEAT CAPACITY Critical Temperature 26272.5 TC CRITICAL TEMPERATURE Latent Heat of Vaporization 3982.5 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Boiling Point Temperature 3922.5 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Ambient Temperature 3862.5 TA AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Density at Reservoir Condtions 3822.5 PL CONTAMINANT DENSITY Does release result in a vertically directed jet (Y/N) 27042.5 YN DOES RELEASE RESULT Total Amount of Material Released 28022.5 Q TOTAL AMOUNT OF MAT 2.6 Scenario 2.6 - Instantaneous Leaks from a Pipe Attached to a Reservoir 26662.6 S206 Title 26612.6 TITLE TITLE Area of Hole or Opening 26242.6 A0CM AREA OF HOLE OR OPEN Pipe Diameter 22882.6 DP PIPE DIAMETERS206 Pipe Length 25592.6 P PIPE LENGTHS206 Molecular Weight 26512.6 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Number of Pipe Elbows 26372.6 NE NUMBER OF PIPE ELBOW Ambient Pressure 24592.6 PA AMBIENT PRESSURE Reservoir Pressure 24202.6 PR RESERVOIR PRESSURE Reservoir Temperature 12402.6 T1 RESERVOIR TEMPERATUR Gas Heat Capacity 26182.6 CP GAS HEAT CAPACITY Critical Temperature 26112.6 TC CRITICAL TEMPERATURE Latent Heat of Vaporization 26052.6 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Boiling Point Temperature 25992.6 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Ambient Temperature 25932.6 TA AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Density at Reservoir Condtions 27002.6 PL CONTAMINANT DENSITY Total Amount of Material Released 28092.6 Q TOTAL AMOUNT OF MAT Does release result in a vertically directed jet (Y/N) 24282.6 YN DOES RELEASE RESULT 2.7 Scenario 2.7 - Emissions from Multiple Fugitive Sources 12432.7 S207 Title 12462.7 TITLE TITLE Emission Rate - Scenario 2.7 12512.7 QM ER207 Production Rate 13052.7 PD PRODR Emission Factor from Various Fugitive Sources 13092.7 EFS EFVFS 2.8 Scenario 2.8 - Emissions from Land Treatment Facilities 13142.8 S208 Title 13172.8 TITLE TITLE Is Emission Rate Known - Scenario 2.8 13222.8 EMYN ISERKNWNYN208 Emission Rate - Scenario 2.8 13262.8 QM ER208 Vapor Pressure of the Constituent (Pv) 2352.8 PR VAPOR PRES Latent Heat 13572.8 LVAP LATENT HEAT Boiling Temperature 13622.8 TB BOILTEMP Molecular Weight 4342.8 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Parts per Million 13672.8 PPM PARTS PER MILLION Release Area 13702.8 A RELEASE AREA 2.9 Scenario 2.9 - Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Landfills 13752.9 S209 Title 13782.9 TITLE TITLE Emission Rate - Scenario 2.9 15562.9 QM ER209 Average Annual Acceptance Rate 13952.9 RS AVERAGE ANNUAL ACCEP Year since Closure 14002.9 C YEAR SINCE CLOSURE Age of Landfill 12222.9 DUR AGE OF LANDFILL Methane Generation Rate Constant 13912.9 K METHANE GENERATION Refuse Methane Generation Potential 13872.9 M REFUSE METHANE GENER Concentration of NMOC 13832.9 CO CONCENTRATION OF NMO Constituent Percent 14032.9 CONSTPER CP 2.10 Scenario 2.10 - Emissions from Pesticide/Herbicide Application 14302.10 S210 Title 14332.10 TITLE TITLE Emission Rate - Scenario 2.10 24982.10 QM ER210 Evaporation Rate of Water 17042.10 E EVAPORATION RATE OF Enter V, S, or W 20692.10 TYPE ENTER V, S, OR W Relative Humidity 19322.10 HR RELATIVE HUMIDITY Vapor Pressure of Water 14542.10 P VAPOR PRESSURE OF WA Vapor Pressure of Pesticide Ingredient 14512.10 PR VAPOR PRESSURE OF PE Molecular Weight of Pesticide Ingredient 14412.10 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Area of Application 14382.10 A AREA OF APPLICATION 2.11 Scenario 2.11 - Releases from Equipment Openings 14572.11 S211 Title 14602.11 TITLE TITLE Emission - Scenario 2.11 14652.11 Q EMIS211 Production 14792.11 PD PRODUCTION Emission Factor in g/kg 14822.11 EF EMFACTINSTAN 3.1 Scenario 3.1 - Evaporation from Surface Impoundments 15163.1 S31 Title 15193.1 TITLE TITLE Impoundment Type 15243.1 IMPOUNDTYP IMPDTY Emission Rate - Scenario 3.1 15273.1 QM ER301 Initial Concentration (Co) 15433.1 CO INITCO Area of Impoundment in m 15473.1 A AREA OF IMPD 3.2 Scenario 3.2 - Cont. 2-Phase Saturated Liquid from Pressurized Storage 23093.2 S302 Title 23123.2 TITLE TITLE Area of Hole or Opening 23173.2 A0CM AREA OF HOLE OR OPEN P for Pipe - T for Tank 23203.2 TYPE P FOR PIPE - T FOR T Pipe Diameter 23243.2 DP PIPE DIAMETER Pipe Length 23283.2 P PIPE LENGTH Vapor Heat Capacity 31493.2 CP VAPOR HEAT CAPACITY Reservoir Temperature 23393.2 T1 RESERVOIR TEMP Reservoir Pressure 23423.2 PR RESERVOIR PRESSURE Liquid Heat Capacity 31443.2 CPL LIQUID HEAT CAPACITY Molecular Weight 23503.2 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Ambient Temperature 23603.2 TA AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Does release result from a vertically directed jet (Y/N) 24233.2 YN DOES RELEASE RESULT Total Amount of Material Released 28163.2 Q TOTAL AMOUNT OF MAT 3.3 Scenario 3.3 - Inst. 2-Phase Saturated Liquid from Pressurized Storage 23663.3 S303 Title 23693.3 TITLE TITLE Area of Hole or Opening 23743.3 A0CM AREA OF HOLE OR OPEN P for Pipe - T for Tank 23773.3 TYPE P FOR PIPE - T FOR T Pipe Diameter 23813.3 DP PIPE DIAMETER Pipe Length 23853.3 P PIPE LENGTH Vapor Heat Capacity 23893.3 CP VAPOR HEAT CAPACITY Reservoir Temperature 17463.3 T1 RESERVOIR TEMP Reservoir Pressure 20743.3 PR RESERVOIR PRESSURE Liquid Heat Capacity 23943.3 CPL LIQUID HEAT CAPACITY Molecular Weight 23993.3 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Ambient Temperature 24093.3 TA AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Total Amount of Material Released 28233.3 Q TOTAL AMOUNT OF MAT Does release result in vertically directed jet (Y/N) 24153.3 YN DOES RELEASE RESULT 3.4 Scenario 3.4 - Cont. 2-Phase Subcooled Liquid from Pressurized Storage 19383.4 S304 Title 20643.4 TITLE TITLE Area of Hole or Opening 20613.4 A0CM AREA OF HOLE OR OPEN P for Pipe - T for Tank 20573.4 TYPE P FOR PIPE T FOR T Pipe Diameter 20533.4 DP PIPE DIAMETER Pipe Length 20493.4 P PIPE LENGTH Ambient Pressure 20463.4 PA AMBIENT PRESSURE Boiling Point Temperature 20403.4 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Latent Heat of Vaporization 20343.4 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Vapor Heat Capacity 20293.4 CP VAPOR HEAT CAPACITY Reservoir Temperature 20263.4 T1 RESERVOIR TEMP Liquid Heat Capacity 20213.4 CPL LIQUID HEAT CAPACITY Ambient Temperature 20153.4 TA AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Molecular Weight 20053.4 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Does release result in vertically directed jet (Y/N) 24693.4 YN DOES RELEASE RESULT Total Amount of Material Released 27813.4 Q TOTAL AMOUNT OF MAT 3.5 Scenario 3.5 - Inst. 2-Phase Subcooled Liquid from Pressurized Storage 19353.5 S305 Title 20003.5 TITLE TITLE Area of Hole or Opening 19973.5 A0CM AREA OF HOLE OR OPEN P for Pipe - T for Tank 19933.5 TYPE P FOR PIPE T FOR T Pipe Diameter 19893.5 DP PIPE DIAMETER Pipe Length 19853.5 P PIPE LENGTH Ambient Pressure 19823.5 PA AMBIENT PRESSURE Boiling Point Temperature 19763.5 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Latent Heat of Vaporization 19703.5 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Vapor Heat Capacity 19653.5 CP VAPOR HEAT CAPACITY Reservoir Temperature 19623.5 T1 RESERVOIR TEMP Liquid Heat Capacity 19573.5 CPL LIQUID HEAT CAPACITY Ambient Temperature 19513.5 TA AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Molecular Weight 19413.5 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Total Amount of Material Released 24913.5 Q TOTAL AMOUNT OF MAT Does release result in vertically directed jet (Y/N) 17713.5 YN DOES RELEASE RESULT 3.6 Scenario 3.6 - Continuous High Volatility Liquid Leaks 18813.6 S306 Title 18763.6 TITLE TITLE Area of Hole or Opening 18583.6 A0CM AREA OF HOLE OR OPEN P for Pipe - T for Tank 18543.6 TYPE P FOR PIPE - T FOR T Pipe Diameter 18503.6 DP PIPE DIAMETER Latent Heat of Vaporization 18703.6 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Boiling Point Temperature 18643.6 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Reservoir Temperature 18613.6 T1 RESERVOIR TEMP Ambient Pressure 18473.6 PA AMBIENT PRESSURE Reservoir Pressure 18443.6 PR RESERVOIR PRESSURE Contaminant Density at Reservoir Conditions 18403.6 PL CONTAMINANT DENSITY Distance between the Hole or Opening and Top of Liquid Level 18363.6 H DISTANCE BETWEEN THE Molecular Weight 18263.6 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Ambient Temperature 18203.6 TA AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Does release result in vertically directed jet (Y/N) 24373.6 YN DOES RELEASE RESULT Total Amount of Material Released 24843.6 Q TOTAL AMOUNT OF MAT 3.7 Scenario 3.7 - Instantaneous High Volatility Liquid Leaks 18173.7 S307 Title 18123.7 TITLE TITLE Area of Hole or Opening 18093.7 A0CM AREA OF HOLE OR OPEN P for Pipe - T for Tank 18053.7 TYPE P FOR PIPE - T FOR T Pipe Diameter 18013.7 DP PIPE DIAMETER Latent Heat of Vaporization 17953.7 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Boiling Point Temperature 17893.7 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Reservoir Temperature 17863.7 T1 RESERVOIR TEMP Ambient Pressure 18843.7 PA AMBIENT PRESSURE Reservoir Pressure 19123.7 PR RESERVOIR PRESSURE Contaminant Density at Reservoir Conditions 19153.7 PL CONTAMINANT DENSITY Distance between the Hole or Opening and Top of Liquid Level 2173.7 H DISTANCE BETWEEN THE Molecular Weight 17763.7 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Ambient Temperature 19193.7 TA AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Total Amount of Material Released 24623.7 Q TOTAL AMOUNT OF MAT Does release result in vertically directed jet (Y/N) 10683.7 YN DOES RELEASE RESULT 3.8 Scenario 3.8 - Continuous Low Volatility Liquid Leaks 17683.8 S308 Title 17633.8 TITLE TITLE Area of Hole or Opening 17603.8 A0CM AREA OF HOLE OR OPEN P for Pipe - T for Tank 17563.8 TYPE P FOR PIPE - T FOR T Pipe Diameter 17523.8 DP PIPE DIAMETER Is Maximum Puddle Area Known (Y/N) 17373.8 YN IS MAX PUDDLE AREA K Maximum Puddle Area 17433.8 AP MAX PUDDLE AREA Ambient Pressure 17343.8 PA AMBIENT PRESSURE Reservoir Pressure 17313.8 PR RESERVOIR PRESSURE Contaminant Liquid Density 17273.8 PL CONTAMINANT DENSITY Distance between the Hole or Opening and Top of Liquid Level 17233.8 H DISTANCE BETWEEN THE Molecular Weight 17133.8 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Latent Heat of Vaporization 17073.8 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Boiling Point Temperature 16983.8 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Storage Temperature 16953.8 TS STORAGE TEMPERATURE Wind Speed 1983.8 U WIND SPEED Ambient Temperature 25173.8 TA AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Total Amount of Material Released 24523.8 Q TOTAL AMOUNT OF MAT 3.9 Scenario 3.9 - Instantaneous Low Volatility Liquid Leaks 16923.9 S309 Title 16873.9 TITLE TITLE Volume of Liquid Spilled 16563.9 V VOLUME OF LIQUID SPI Is Maximum Puddle Area Known (Y/N) 16683.9 YN IS MAX PUDDLE AREA K Maximum Puddle Area 16653.9 AP MAX PUDDLE AREA Molecular Weight 16403.9 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Latent Heat of Vaporization 16343.9 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Boiling Point Temperature 16503.9 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Storage Temperature 17493.9 TS STORAGE TEMPERATURE Wind Speed 833.9 U WIND SPEED Ambient Temperature 25233.9 TA AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Total Amount of Material Released 19253.9 Q TOTAL AMOUNT OF MAT 4.1 Air Stripper - 4.1 20774.1 AIR STRIPPER Title 20804.1 TITLE TITLE Emission Rate - 4.1 20854.1 QM ER41 Concentration of Contaminant 21124.1 C CONCCONT Incoming Water Flow 21174.1 IWF INCOMING WATER FLOW Glossary -- GLOSSARY -- GLOSSARY X GLOSS Accident Definition 2135Glossary X ACCIDENT Ambient Temperature Definition 2140Glossary X AT Boiling Definition 2148Glossary X BOILING Buoyancy Check Definition 2152Glossary X BUOYC Cavity Definition 2158Glossary X CAV Continuous Release Definition 2162Glossary X CR Dense Gas Definition 728Glossary X DENGAS Depositing Definition 2180Glossary X DEP Emissions Definition 2184Glossary X EMIS Evaporation Definition 2189Glossary X EVAP Fugitive Emissions Definition 2193Glossary X FE Instantaneous Release Definition 2202Glossary X INSTR Molecular Weight Definition 2220Glossary X MW Neutral Definition 2236Glossary X N Passive Release Definition 2242Glossary X PR Pool Definition 2250Glossary X POOL Reactive Definition 2257Glossary X REACT Release Definition 2263Glossary X REL Richardson Number Definition 2266Glossary X RI Slumping Definition 2274Glossary X SLUMP Temperature of Release Material Definition 2281Glossary X TEMP Two-phase Release Definition 453Glossary X TPR Volatile Definition 713Glossary X VOL Wake Definition 2305Glossary X WAKE New Area Source Algorithm 2474NEWAREA AREAYN NEW AREA Soil Vapor Extraction - 4.2 1679SUPMEN SOIL VAPOR 51 - SOIL VAPOR Soil Excavation - 4.3 1623SUPMEN SOIL EXCAVATION 52 - SOIL EXCAVATION Thermal Incineration - 4.4 1553SUPMEN THERMAL INCINERATION53 - THERMAL INCIN TITLE - 4.3 16744.3 TITLE TITLE TITLE - 4.2 16604.2 TITLE TITLE TITLE - 4.4 12174.4 TITLE TITLE Emission Rate - 4.4 16094.4 QM ER44 Emission Rate - 4.1 28304.1 QM ER41 Vent Gas Concentration 6534.2 CG VENTCONC Molecular Weight 28734.2 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Latent Heat of Vaporization 28834.2 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Boiling Point Temperature 28894.2 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Soil Temperature 28954.2 KSOIL Vapor Pressure 28984.2 PVAP Molecular Weight 29014.3 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Latent Heat of Vaporization 29114.3 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Boiling Point Temperature 29174.3 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Soil Temperature 29234.3 KSOIL Vapor Pressure 29264.3 PVAP Molecular Weight 29293.9 MW MOLECULAR WEIGHT Latent Heat of Vaporization 29393.9 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Boiling Point Temperature 29453.9 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Soil Temperature 29513.9 KSOIL Vapor Pressure 29543.9 PVAP Uncontrolled Emission Rate - 4.2 29904.2 QUNC ER42 Emission Rate - 4.3 30014.3 QM ER43 Soil Extraction Rate - 4.2 30234.2 QEXT Destruction and Removal Efficiency 30274.4 DRE Feed Rate of Organic Contaminant 30114.4 FRATE Total Feed Rate of Contaminant 30194.4 TRATE Concentration of Contaminant of Interest 30154.4 CONC Concentration of Contaminated Soil 29864.3 CSOIL Volume of Soil Excavated 30334.3 VSOIL Exposed Surface Area of Soil 30374.3 ASOIL Bulk Density of Soil 30424.3 BDSOIL Time to Excavate Soil 29824.3 TIME SVE Control Device 29624.2 EMYN Control Efficiency 29574.2 CEFF ScrnA2 Screen Area Model 1607ScrnA2 SCRNA Release Height - Screen Area Model 3051ScrnA2 HS RHAREA Area of Source 3046ScrnA2 A AREA Urban/Rural Classification 2868ScrnA2 RUCLASS URC Fenceline Distance - Screen 2969ScrnA2 FENCE FENCESCRN Flag Pole Receptors - Screen Area Model 3076ScrnA2 ZR FLGPLAREA Specific Locations - Screen 3057ScrnA2 ISD SPLOCSCRN Receptor Locations - Screen 2332ScrnA2 DIST RECLOCSCRN Emission Rate - 4.3 28574.3 EMYN ER43 Contaminant Liquid Density 5773.2 PL CONTAMINANT DENSITY Latent Heat of Vaporization 15833.2 LVAP LATENT HEAT OF VAPOR Boiling Point Temperature 5713.2 TB BOILING POINT TEMP Vapor Heat Capacity 31293.2 CP VAPOR HEAT CAPACITY

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VFONT101.FNT

ERMSG.DATNEXT without FOR Syntax error RETRUN without GOSUB Out of DATA Illigal function call Overflow Out of memory Label not defined Subscript not defined Duplicate definition Division by zero Illegal in direct mode Type mismatch Out of string space String formula too complex Cannot continue function not defined No RESUME RESUME without error Device timeout Device fault FOR without NEXT Out of paper WHILE without WEND WEND without WHILE Duplicate LABEL Subprogram not defined Argument-count mismatch Array not defined Variable required FIELD overflow Internal error Bad filename or number File not found Bad file mode File already open FIELD statememt active Device I/O error File already exists Bad record length Disk full Input past end of file Bad record number Bad filename Too many files Device unavailable Communications-buffer overflow Permission denied Disk not ready disk-media error Feature unavailable Rename across disks Path/File access error Path not found Feature removed Invalid name Table not found Index not found Invaild column No current record Duplicate value for unique index Invalid operation on null index Database needs repair

SCRN3TS.EXE