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CAREER POINT UNIVERSITY Hamirpur (HP), India (Established under the CPU Act 2012) A National Conference on Recent Innovations in Science & Engineering RISE-2016 RISE-2016 CAREER POINT UNIVERSITY Hamirpur (HP), India March 04-05, 2016

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CAREER POINT UNIVERSITYHamirpur (HP) India

(Established under the CPU Act 2012)

A National Conference

on

Recent Innovations in Science amp Engineering

RISE-2016RISE-2016

CAREER POINT UNIVERSITYHamirpur (HP) India

March 04-05 2016

ldquoThinking is progress Non-thinking is stagnation of the individual organization and countryrdquo

ldquoThinking leads to action Knowledge without action is useless and irrelevantKnowledge with action transforms adversity into prosperityrdquo

ldquoIt is very easy to defeat someone but it is very hard to win someonerdquo

Dr APJ Abdul Kalam

ldquoOur philosophy should be to give and you dont need lots of money for that What you need is knowledgerdquo

ldquoEach one of us should plant five trees that would generate oxygen distribute flowers and fruits among

patients in hospitals who dont have visitors teach students who have no access to educationrdquo

ldquoMan needs difficulties in life because they are necessary to enjoy the successrdquo

ldquoIf you want to shine like a sun first burn like a sunrdquo

ldquo When you speak speak the truth perform when you promise

discharge your trust withhold your hands from

striking and from taking that which is unlawful and badrdquo

ldquoWithout your involvement you cant succeed

With your involvement you cant failrdquo

ldquo ldquoDont take rest after your first victory because if you fail in second more lips are

waiting to say that your first victory was just luckrdquo

ldquoAll of us do not have equal talent But all of us have an equal opportunity to develop

our talentsrdquo

I am glad that the Career Point University Hamirpur is organizing a National Conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I hope that the conference will provide a platform to the faculty scholars and industrialists to deliberate latest innovations in Science amp Engineering

I am confident that the conference will be beneficial for the post graduate students research scholars and scientists will found bounty opportunity to share their ideas and will come up with their expertise in the relevant field

I extend my best wishes for the grand success of conference

Planning and promoting your success

SincerelyPramod Maheshwari(BTech IIT Delhi)

Chairman Managing Director and CEO

Message

Pramod Maheshwari(BTech IIT Delhi)

Chancellor

I am happy that the Science and engineering department are organizing National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 In order to achieve excellence an institution has to work with the best of institutions and industry around it Meaningful discussion takes place in the conferences workshop which bring enrichment to the knowledge and accolades to the universityinstitution which organizes these events

It provides researcher to speak their minds share their wisdom the much needed enrichment comes the institution

My best wishes for the resounding success of the conference I extend my good wishes to the organizers and participants

Best Regards

Prof PL GautamVice Chancellor CPU Hamirpur

Message

Vice-Chancellor Prof PL Gautam

I am immensely happy to know that the university is holding National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I extend a warm welcome to all the participants in the conference for visiting this universityI am confident that this conference helps many youngsters colleagues to make a big step in their areas of interestIt is my proud privilege to have you all in the conference and wish you very fruitful results

Prof MR Sharma

Message

Dean AcademicsProf MR Sharma

INDEX

Title of the Paper Author Page Number

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of GaloreArea in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh and Dr M R Sharma

Sodium Deoxycholate-Amino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) - a Review

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service 4

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

English - Mizo Statistical MachineTranslation System Using Moses

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Word Sense Disambiguation And Its Approaches Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta 6Pardeep Singh

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna ForRectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated Parameters For Different Dimensions

Speed Of Sound Density Fluorescence And UVVisible Study Of Amino Acid (Histidine) In Aqueous Solutions Of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphatein the Presence of Glycine

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

Raman Kumar Sharma 1

Kuldeep Kumar and S Chauhan

Pranshul Sharma 2

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Prof M R Sharma 3

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh DuttaDr Varun Gupta

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta 5

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Amit Kumara Dr Debasish Dasb Est Dev Patelc

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal 7

Kundan Sharma S Chauhan Bhanu Priya

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam 8

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh 9

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh 10

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication

Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties

Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Saurabh Kango 13

Dilbag Singh

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari

Ms Shashi Bala

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Arti Jamwal 19

Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23

Castor bean A wonderful plant

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26

A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27

Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma

High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari

Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Asha Amita Sharma

Shivani Amita Sharma

Sapna Amita Sharma 24

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma

Manju IB Prasher

Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33

Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique

Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal

Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43

Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors

Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy

Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav

Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39

DK Gautam

KC Mishra 40

Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil

DR Sharma

Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar

Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42

by Phytoremediation MR Sharma

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi

Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur

P a g e | 1

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh

Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to

human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading

to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in

water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying

groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are

springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which

3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes

There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific

study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water

Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the

hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard

procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results

of analysis done are presented in this paper

Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different

Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach

Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan

2

1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India

2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom

Abstract

The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile

salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties

of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values

have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic

compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at

molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1

in 01 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash

31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural

consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of

different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration

region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been

suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at

higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu

P a g e | 2

obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity

of amino acids

Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility

Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction

Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Pranshul Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)

Abstract

Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock

catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the

temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds

contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks

The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for

harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a

reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at

lower elevation then its catchments

The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock

catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related

to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause

The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms

per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys

The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions

of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible

lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom

indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building

services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers

P a g e | 3

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in

villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term

smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are

delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including

construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building

smart village

Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All

techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used

in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning

monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has

been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in

other region of India

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom

2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin

3pratibhasharma892gmailcom

Abstract

The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream

algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data

algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works

recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree

classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many

decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting

very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and

respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming

Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification

Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT

P a g e | 4

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a

video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game

logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The

scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the

requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud

gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming

differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client

side in latter

In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages

and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service

(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low

bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and

OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin

Abstract

This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education

system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively

participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer

programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high

interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already

familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games

in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which

incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer

Science education and competitive programming

Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

ldquoThinking is progress Non-thinking is stagnation of the individual organization and countryrdquo

ldquoThinking leads to action Knowledge without action is useless and irrelevantKnowledge with action transforms adversity into prosperityrdquo

ldquoIt is very easy to defeat someone but it is very hard to win someonerdquo

Dr APJ Abdul Kalam

ldquoOur philosophy should be to give and you dont need lots of money for that What you need is knowledgerdquo

ldquoEach one of us should plant five trees that would generate oxygen distribute flowers and fruits among

patients in hospitals who dont have visitors teach students who have no access to educationrdquo

ldquoMan needs difficulties in life because they are necessary to enjoy the successrdquo

ldquoIf you want to shine like a sun first burn like a sunrdquo

ldquo When you speak speak the truth perform when you promise

discharge your trust withhold your hands from

striking and from taking that which is unlawful and badrdquo

ldquoWithout your involvement you cant succeed

With your involvement you cant failrdquo

ldquo ldquoDont take rest after your first victory because if you fail in second more lips are

waiting to say that your first victory was just luckrdquo

ldquoAll of us do not have equal talent But all of us have an equal opportunity to develop

our talentsrdquo

I am glad that the Career Point University Hamirpur is organizing a National Conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I hope that the conference will provide a platform to the faculty scholars and industrialists to deliberate latest innovations in Science amp Engineering

I am confident that the conference will be beneficial for the post graduate students research scholars and scientists will found bounty opportunity to share their ideas and will come up with their expertise in the relevant field

I extend my best wishes for the grand success of conference

Planning and promoting your success

SincerelyPramod Maheshwari(BTech IIT Delhi)

Chairman Managing Director and CEO

Message

Pramod Maheshwari(BTech IIT Delhi)

Chancellor

I am happy that the Science and engineering department are organizing National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 In order to achieve excellence an institution has to work with the best of institutions and industry around it Meaningful discussion takes place in the conferences workshop which bring enrichment to the knowledge and accolades to the universityinstitution which organizes these events

It provides researcher to speak their minds share their wisdom the much needed enrichment comes the institution

My best wishes for the resounding success of the conference I extend my good wishes to the organizers and participants

Best Regards

Prof PL GautamVice Chancellor CPU Hamirpur

Message

Vice-Chancellor Prof PL Gautam

I am immensely happy to know that the university is holding National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I extend a warm welcome to all the participants in the conference for visiting this universityI am confident that this conference helps many youngsters colleagues to make a big step in their areas of interestIt is my proud privilege to have you all in the conference and wish you very fruitful results

Prof MR Sharma

Message

Dean AcademicsProf MR Sharma

INDEX

Title of the Paper Author Page Number

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of GaloreArea in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh and Dr M R Sharma

Sodium Deoxycholate-Amino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) - a Review

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service 4

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

English - Mizo Statistical MachineTranslation System Using Moses

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Word Sense Disambiguation And Its Approaches Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta 6Pardeep Singh

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna ForRectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated Parameters For Different Dimensions

Speed Of Sound Density Fluorescence And UVVisible Study Of Amino Acid (Histidine) In Aqueous Solutions Of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphatein the Presence of Glycine

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

Raman Kumar Sharma 1

Kuldeep Kumar and S Chauhan

Pranshul Sharma 2

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Prof M R Sharma 3

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh DuttaDr Varun Gupta

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta 5

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Amit Kumara Dr Debasish Dasb Est Dev Patelc

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal 7

Kundan Sharma S Chauhan Bhanu Priya

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam 8

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh 9

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh 10

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication

Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties

Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Saurabh Kango 13

Dilbag Singh

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari

Ms Shashi Bala

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Arti Jamwal 19

Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23

Castor bean A wonderful plant

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26

A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27

Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma

High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari

Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Asha Amita Sharma

Shivani Amita Sharma

Sapna Amita Sharma 24

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma

Manju IB Prasher

Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33

Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique

Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal

Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43

Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors

Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy

Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav

Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39

DK Gautam

KC Mishra 40

Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil

DR Sharma

Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar

Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42

by Phytoremediation MR Sharma

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi

Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur

P a g e | 1

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh

Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to

human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading

to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in

water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying

groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are

springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which

3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes

There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific

study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water

Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the

hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard

procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results

of analysis done are presented in this paper

Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different

Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach

Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan

2

1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India

2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom

Abstract

The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile

salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties

of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values

have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic

compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at

molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1

in 01 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash

31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural

consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of

different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration

region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been

suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at

higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu

P a g e | 2

obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity

of amino acids

Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility

Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction

Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Pranshul Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)

Abstract

Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock

catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the

temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds

contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks

The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for

harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a

reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at

lower elevation then its catchments

The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock

catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related

to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause

The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms

per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys

The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions

of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible

lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom

indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building

services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers

P a g e | 3

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in

villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term

smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are

delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including

construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building

smart village

Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All

techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used

in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning

monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has

been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in

other region of India

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom

2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin

3pratibhasharma892gmailcom

Abstract

The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream

algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data

algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works

recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree

classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many

decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting

very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and

respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming

Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification

Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT

P a g e | 4

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a

video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game

logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The

scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the

requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud

gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming

differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client

side in latter

In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages

and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service

(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low

bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and

OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin

Abstract

This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education

system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively

participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer

programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high

interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already

familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games

in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which

incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer

Science education and competitive programming

Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

I am glad that the Career Point University Hamirpur is organizing a National Conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I hope that the conference will provide a platform to the faculty scholars and industrialists to deliberate latest innovations in Science amp Engineering

I am confident that the conference will be beneficial for the post graduate students research scholars and scientists will found bounty opportunity to share their ideas and will come up with their expertise in the relevant field

I extend my best wishes for the grand success of conference

Planning and promoting your success

SincerelyPramod Maheshwari(BTech IIT Delhi)

Chairman Managing Director and CEO

Message

Pramod Maheshwari(BTech IIT Delhi)

Chancellor

I am happy that the Science and engineering department are organizing National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 In order to achieve excellence an institution has to work with the best of institutions and industry around it Meaningful discussion takes place in the conferences workshop which bring enrichment to the knowledge and accolades to the universityinstitution which organizes these events

It provides researcher to speak their minds share their wisdom the much needed enrichment comes the institution

My best wishes for the resounding success of the conference I extend my good wishes to the organizers and participants

Best Regards

Prof PL GautamVice Chancellor CPU Hamirpur

Message

Vice-Chancellor Prof PL Gautam

I am immensely happy to know that the university is holding National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I extend a warm welcome to all the participants in the conference for visiting this universityI am confident that this conference helps many youngsters colleagues to make a big step in their areas of interestIt is my proud privilege to have you all in the conference and wish you very fruitful results

Prof MR Sharma

Message

Dean AcademicsProf MR Sharma

INDEX

Title of the Paper Author Page Number

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of GaloreArea in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh and Dr M R Sharma

Sodium Deoxycholate-Amino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) - a Review

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service 4

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

English - Mizo Statistical MachineTranslation System Using Moses

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Word Sense Disambiguation And Its Approaches Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta 6Pardeep Singh

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna ForRectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated Parameters For Different Dimensions

Speed Of Sound Density Fluorescence And UVVisible Study Of Amino Acid (Histidine) In Aqueous Solutions Of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphatein the Presence of Glycine

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

Raman Kumar Sharma 1

Kuldeep Kumar and S Chauhan

Pranshul Sharma 2

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Prof M R Sharma 3

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh DuttaDr Varun Gupta

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta 5

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Amit Kumara Dr Debasish Dasb Est Dev Patelc

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal 7

Kundan Sharma S Chauhan Bhanu Priya

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam 8

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh 9

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh 10

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication

Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties

Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Saurabh Kango 13

Dilbag Singh

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari

Ms Shashi Bala

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Arti Jamwal 19

Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23

Castor bean A wonderful plant

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26

A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27

Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma

High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari

Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Asha Amita Sharma

Shivani Amita Sharma

Sapna Amita Sharma 24

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma

Manju IB Prasher

Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33

Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique

Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal

Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43

Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors

Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy

Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav

Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39

DK Gautam

KC Mishra 40

Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil

DR Sharma

Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar

Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42

by Phytoremediation MR Sharma

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi

Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur

P a g e | 1

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh

Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to

human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading

to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in

water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying

groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are

springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which

3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes

There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific

study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water

Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the

hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard

procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results

of analysis done are presented in this paper

Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different

Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach

Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan

2

1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India

2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom

Abstract

The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile

salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties

of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values

have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic

compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at

molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1

in 01 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash

31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural

consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of

different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration

region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been

suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at

higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu

P a g e | 2

obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity

of amino acids

Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility

Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction

Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Pranshul Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)

Abstract

Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock

catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the

temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds

contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks

The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for

harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a

reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at

lower elevation then its catchments

The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock

catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related

to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause

The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms

per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys

The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions

of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible

lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom

indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building

services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers

P a g e | 3

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in

villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term

smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are

delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including

construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building

smart village

Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All

techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used

in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning

monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has

been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in

other region of India

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom

2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin

3pratibhasharma892gmailcom

Abstract

The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream

algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data

algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works

recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree

classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many

decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting

very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and

respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming

Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification

Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT

P a g e | 4

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a

video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game

logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The

scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the

requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud

gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming

differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client

side in latter

In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages

and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service

(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low

bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and

OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin

Abstract

This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education

system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively

participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer

programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high

interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already

familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games

in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which

incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer

Science education and competitive programming

Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

I am happy that the Science and engineering department are organizing National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 In order to achieve excellence an institution has to work with the best of institutions and industry around it Meaningful discussion takes place in the conferences workshop which bring enrichment to the knowledge and accolades to the universityinstitution which organizes these events

It provides researcher to speak their minds share their wisdom the much needed enrichment comes the institution

My best wishes for the resounding success of the conference I extend my good wishes to the organizers and participants

Best Regards

Prof PL GautamVice Chancellor CPU Hamirpur

Message

Vice-Chancellor Prof PL Gautam

I am immensely happy to know that the university is holding National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I extend a warm welcome to all the participants in the conference for visiting this universityI am confident that this conference helps many youngsters colleagues to make a big step in their areas of interestIt is my proud privilege to have you all in the conference and wish you very fruitful results

Prof MR Sharma

Message

Dean AcademicsProf MR Sharma

INDEX

Title of the Paper Author Page Number

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of GaloreArea in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh and Dr M R Sharma

Sodium Deoxycholate-Amino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) - a Review

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service 4

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

English - Mizo Statistical MachineTranslation System Using Moses

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Word Sense Disambiguation And Its Approaches Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta 6Pardeep Singh

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna ForRectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated Parameters For Different Dimensions

Speed Of Sound Density Fluorescence And UVVisible Study Of Amino Acid (Histidine) In Aqueous Solutions Of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphatein the Presence of Glycine

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

Raman Kumar Sharma 1

Kuldeep Kumar and S Chauhan

Pranshul Sharma 2

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Prof M R Sharma 3

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh DuttaDr Varun Gupta

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta 5

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Amit Kumara Dr Debasish Dasb Est Dev Patelc

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal 7

Kundan Sharma S Chauhan Bhanu Priya

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam 8

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh 9

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh 10

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication

Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties

Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Saurabh Kango 13

Dilbag Singh

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari

Ms Shashi Bala

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Arti Jamwal 19

Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23

Castor bean A wonderful plant

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26

A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27

Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma

High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari

Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Asha Amita Sharma

Shivani Amita Sharma

Sapna Amita Sharma 24

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma

Manju IB Prasher

Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33

Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique

Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal

Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43

Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors

Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy

Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav

Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39

DK Gautam

KC Mishra 40

Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil

DR Sharma

Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar

Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42

by Phytoremediation MR Sharma

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi

Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur

P a g e | 1

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh

Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to

human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading

to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in

water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying

groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are

springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which

3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes

There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific

study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water

Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the

hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard

procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results

of analysis done are presented in this paper

Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different

Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach

Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan

2

1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India

2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom

Abstract

The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile

salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties

of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values

have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic

compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at

molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1

in 01 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash

31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural

consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of

different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration

region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been

suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at

higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu

P a g e | 2

obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity

of amino acids

Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility

Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction

Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Pranshul Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)

Abstract

Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock

catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the

temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds

contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks

The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for

harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a

reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at

lower elevation then its catchments

The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock

catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related

to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause

The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms

per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys

The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions

of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible

lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom

indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building

services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers

P a g e | 3

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in

villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term

smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are

delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including

construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building

smart village

Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All

techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used

in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning

monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has

been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in

other region of India

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom

2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin

3pratibhasharma892gmailcom

Abstract

The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream

algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data

algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works

recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree

classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many

decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting

very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and

respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming

Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification

Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT

P a g e | 4

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a

video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game

logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The

scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the

requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud

gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming

differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client

side in latter

In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages

and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service

(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low

bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and

OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin

Abstract

This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education

system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively

participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer

programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high

interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already

familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games

in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which

incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer

Science education and competitive programming

Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

I am immensely happy to know that the university is holding National conference on ldquoRecent Innovation in Science amp Engineeringrdquo (RISE-2016) on March 04-05 2016 I extend a warm welcome to all the participants in the conference for visiting this universityI am confident that this conference helps many youngsters colleagues to make a big step in their areas of interestIt is my proud privilege to have you all in the conference and wish you very fruitful results

Prof MR Sharma

Message

Dean AcademicsProf MR Sharma

INDEX

Title of the Paper Author Page Number

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of GaloreArea in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh and Dr M R Sharma

Sodium Deoxycholate-Amino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) - a Review

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service 4

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

English - Mizo Statistical MachineTranslation System Using Moses

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Word Sense Disambiguation And Its Approaches Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta 6Pardeep Singh

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna ForRectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated Parameters For Different Dimensions

Speed Of Sound Density Fluorescence And UVVisible Study Of Amino Acid (Histidine) In Aqueous Solutions Of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphatein the Presence of Glycine

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

Raman Kumar Sharma 1

Kuldeep Kumar and S Chauhan

Pranshul Sharma 2

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Prof M R Sharma 3

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh DuttaDr Varun Gupta

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta 5

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Amit Kumara Dr Debasish Dasb Est Dev Patelc

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal 7

Kundan Sharma S Chauhan Bhanu Priya

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam 8

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh 9

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh 10

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication

Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties

Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Saurabh Kango 13

Dilbag Singh

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari

Ms Shashi Bala

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Arti Jamwal 19

Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23

Castor bean A wonderful plant

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26

A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27

Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma

High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari

Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Asha Amita Sharma

Shivani Amita Sharma

Sapna Amita Sharma 24

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma

Manju IB Prasher

Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33

Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique

Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal

Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43

Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors

Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy

Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav

Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39

DK Gautam

KC Mishra 40

Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil

DR Sharma

Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar

Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42

by Phytoremediation MR Sharma

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi

Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur

P a g e | 1

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh

Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to

human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading

to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in

water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying

groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are

springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which

3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes

There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific

study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water

Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the

hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard

procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results

of analysis done are presented in this paper

Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different

Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach

Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan

2

1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India

2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom

Abstract

The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile

salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties

of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values

have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic

compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at

molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1

in 01 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash

31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural

consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of

different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration

region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been

suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at

higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu

P a g e | 2

obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity

of amino acids

Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility

Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction

Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Pranshul Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)

Abstract

Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock

catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the

temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds

contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks

The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for

harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a

reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at

lower elevation then its catchments

The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock

catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related

to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause

The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms

per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys

The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions

of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible

lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom

indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building

services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers

P a g e | 3

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in

villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term

smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are

delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including

construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building

smart village

Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All

techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used

in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning

monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has

been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in

other region of India

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom

2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin

3pratibhasharma892gmailcom

Abstract

The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream

algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data

algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works

recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree

classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many

decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting

very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and

respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming

Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification

Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT

P a g e | 4

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a

video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game

logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The

scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the

requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud

gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming

differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client

side in latter

In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages

and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service

(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low

bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and

OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin

Abstract

This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education

system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively

participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer

programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high

interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already

familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games

in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which

incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer

Science education and competitive programming

Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

INDEX

Title of the Paper Author Page Number

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of GaloreArea in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh and Dr M R Sharma

Sodium Deoxycholate-Amino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) - a Review

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service 4

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

English - Mizo Statistical MachineTranslation System Using Moses

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Word Sense Disambiguation And Its Approaches Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta 6Pardeep Singh

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna ForRectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated Parameters For Different Dimensions

Speed Of Sound Density Fluorescence And UVVisible Study Of Amino Acid (Histidine) In Aqueous Solutions Of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphatein the Presence of Glycine

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

Raman Kumar Sharma 1

Kuldeep Kumar and S Chauhan

Pranshul Sharma 2

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Prof M R Sharma 3

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh DuttaDr Varun Gupta

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta 5

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Amit Kumara Dr Debasish Dasb Est Dev Patelc

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal 7

Kundan Sharma S Chauhan Bhanu Priya

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam 8

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh 9

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh 10

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication

Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties

Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Saurabh Kango 13

Dilbag Singh

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari

Ms Shashi Bala

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Arti Jamwal 19

Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23

Castor bean A wonderful plant

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26

A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27

Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma

High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari

Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Asha Amita Sharma

Shivani Amita Sharma

Sapna Amita Sharma 24

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma

Manju IB Prasher

Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33

Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique

Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal

Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43

Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors

Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy

Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav

Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39

DK Gautam

KC Mishra 40

Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil

DR Sharma

Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar

Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42

by Phytoremediation MR Sharma

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi

Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur

P a g e | 1

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh

Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to

human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading

to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in

water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying

groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are

springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which

3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes

There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific

study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water

Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the

hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard

procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results

of analysis done are presented in this paper

Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different

Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach

Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan

2

1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India

2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom

Abstract

The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile

salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties

of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values

have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic

compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at

molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1

in 01 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash

31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural

consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of

different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration

region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been

suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at

higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu

P a g e | 2

obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity

of amino acids

Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility

Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction

Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Pranshul Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)

Abstract

Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock

catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the

temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds

contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks

The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for

harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a

reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at

lower elevation then its catchments

The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock

catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related

to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause

The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms

per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys

The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions

of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible

lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom

indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building

services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers

P a g e | 3

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in

villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term

smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are

delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including

construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building

smart village

Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All

techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used

in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning

monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has

been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in

other region of India

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom

2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin

3pratibhasharma892gmailcom

Abstract

The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream

algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data

algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works

recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree

classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many

decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting

very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and

respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming

Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification

Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT

P a g e | 4

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a

video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game

logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The

scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the

requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud

gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming

differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client

side in latter

In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages

and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service

(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low

bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and

OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin

Abstract

This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education

system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively

participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer

programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high

interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already

familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games

in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which

incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer

Science education and competitive programming

Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Conductometric Approach to Analyse theEffect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug(Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants (CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

Importance of micro surface texturesgrooves in fluid film lubrication

Graphene-ZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing Properties

Studying the Characteristics ofa Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Applications

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite Handheld Device

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for GPS Applications

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan Region

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur 11

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

S Chauhan and Santosh Kumari 12

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Saurabh Kango 13

Dilbag Singh

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar 14

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar 15

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Amita Sharma SK Soni 16Rupinder Tewari

Ms Shashi Bala

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma 17

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma 18

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Arti Jamwal 19

Dr Nitesh Kumar Shivani Sharma

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23

Castor bean A wonderful plant

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26

A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27

Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma

High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari

Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Asha Amita Sharma

Shivani Amita Sharma

Sapna Amita Sharma 24

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma

Manju IB Prasher

Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33

Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique

Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal

Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43

Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors

Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy

Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav

Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39

DK Gautam

KC Mishra 40

Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil

DR Sharma

Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar

Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42

by Phytoremediation MR Sharma

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi

Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur

P a g e | 1

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh

Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to

human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading

to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in

water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying

groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are

springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which

3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes

There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific

study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water

Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the

hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard

procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results

of analysis done are presented in this paper

Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different

Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach

Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan

2

1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India

2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom

Abstract

The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile

salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties

of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values

have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic

compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at

molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1

in 01 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash

31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural

consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of

different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration

region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been

suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at

higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu

P a g e | 2

obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity

of amino acids

Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility

Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction

Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Pranshul Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)

Abstract

Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock

catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the

temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds

contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks

The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for

harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a

reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at

lower elevation then its catchments

The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock

catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related

to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause

The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms

per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys

The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions

of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible

lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom

indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building

services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers

P a g e | 3

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in

villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term

smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are

delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including

construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building

smart village

Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All

techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used

in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning

monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has

been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in

other region of India

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom

2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin

3pratibhasharma892gmailcom

Abstract

The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream

algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data

algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works

recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree

classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many

decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting

very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and

respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming

Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification

Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT

P a g e | 4

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a

video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game

logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The

scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the

requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud

gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming

differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client

side in latter

In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages

and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service

(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low

bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and

OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin

Abstract

This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education

system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively

participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer

programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high

interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already

familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games

in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which

incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer

Science education and competitive programming

Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli Isolated from Human Infants Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools Achyranthes aspera

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum 23

Castor bean A wonderful plant

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Nutritional and medicinal value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple) Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal 26

A general account of medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica Manu Arti Jamwal

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal 27

Medicinal value of Plumbago zeylanica Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Importance of Punica granatum Jyoti Arti Jamwal 28

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value Monika Arti Jamwal

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance Payal Arti Jamwal

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal 29

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport Prof MR Sharma

High Speed Rails for India - Challenges and Innovations

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal 31

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme And Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Mobile App using ASTM System Kamlesh Dutta

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water - a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Gaganpreet Kaur SKSoni 20Rupinder Tewari

Radhika Trikha Naresh SachdevaPraveen Rishi Rupinder Tewari

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma 21

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti An Important Medicinal Herb Amita Sharma

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia 22Amita Sharma

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Asha Amita Sharma

Shivani Amita Sharma

Sapna Amita Sharma 24

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala 25

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana 30 Prof MR Sharma

Manju IB Prasher

Roushan Kumar Rakesh K Dutta 32of Soil Classification

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish K SharmaProf MR Sharma

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33

Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique

Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal

Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43

Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors

Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy

Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav

Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39

DK Gautam

KC Mishra 40

Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil

DR Sharma

Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar

Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42

by Phytoremediation MR Sharma

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi

Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur

P a g e | 1

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh

Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to

human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading

to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in

water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying

groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are

springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which

3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes

There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific

study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water

Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the

hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard

procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results

of analysis done are presented in this paper

Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different

Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach

Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan

2

1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India

2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom

Abstract

The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile

salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties

of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values

have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic

compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at

molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1

in 01 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash

31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural

consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of

different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration

region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been

suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at

higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu

P a g e | 2

obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity

of amino acids

Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility

Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction

Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Pranshul Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)

Abstract

Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock

catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the

temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds

contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks

The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for

harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a

reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at

lower elevation then its catchments

The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock

catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related

to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause

The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms

per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys

The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions

of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible

lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom

indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building

services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers

P a g e | 3

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in

villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term

smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are

delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including

construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building

smart village

Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All

techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used

in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning

monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has

been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in

other region of India

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom

2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin

3pratibhasharma892gmailcom

Abstract

The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream

algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data

algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works

recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree

classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many

decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting

very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and

respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming

Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification

Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT

P a g e | 4

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a

video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game

logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The

scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the

requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud

gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming

differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client

side in latter

In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages

and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service

(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low

bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and

OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin

Abstract

This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education

system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively

participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer

programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high

interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already

familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games

in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which

incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer

Science education and competitive programming

Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh R K Verma and I B Prasher 33

Antimicrobial Peptides and Rupinder Tewari

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal 34

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 NanoferritesSynthesized Via Solution Combustion Technique

Heat transfer characteristics of different pipe heat exchangers A Review Performance characteristics of porous journal bearings A general review Nitin Sharma and Saurabh kango

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch In V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films Zinia Chauhan Preeti 38Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Hybrid Concrete - A Material of the Future 41

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh Babita Thakur Reetika Bhadwal

Heavy Metal Removal Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits Karan Thakur 43

Web Mining Concept Classification And Major Research Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) - New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly Pesticide

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te Semiconductors

Avantika Sharma Praveen Rishi Alternative Therapy

Somnath Thakur Indu Sharma Gagan Kumar M Singh R K Kotnala

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango 35Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav

Somesh Dhiman Yogesh Dhiman

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal 36

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Rajesh Maithania Sunil Chamoli 37Anil Kumar

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo 39

DK Gautam

KC Mishra 40

Navdeep Sharma Dr Atul Kapil

DR Sharma

Jitender Kumar Naveen Thakur Pradeep Katnauria Reetika BhadwalaGulshan Kumar

Naveen Thakura Jitender Kumar 42

by Phytoremediation MR Sharma

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Priyanka Sharma Sunil ThakurPamita Awasthi

Anjali Madhu Dadhwal 44Balbir Singh Patial Nagesh Thakur

P a g e | 1

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh

Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to

human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading

to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in

water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying

groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are

springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which

3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes

There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific

study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water

Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the

hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard

procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results

of analysis done are presented in this paper

Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different

Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach

Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan

2

1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India

2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom

Abstract

The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile

salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties

of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values

have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic

compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at

molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1

in 01 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash

31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural

consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of

different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration

region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been

suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at

higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu

P a g e | 2

obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity

of amino acids

Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility

Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction

Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Pranshul Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)

Abstract

Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock

catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the

temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds

contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks

The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for

harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a

reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at

lower elevation then its catchments

The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock

catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related

to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause

The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms

per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys

The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions

of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible

lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom

indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building

services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers

P a g e | 3

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in

villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term

smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are

delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including

construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building

smart village

Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All

techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used

in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning

monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has

been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in

other region of India

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom

2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin

3pratibhasharma892gmailcom

Abstract

The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream

algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data

algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works

recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree

classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many

decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting

very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and

respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming

Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification

Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT

P a g e | 4

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a

video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game

logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The

scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the

requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud

gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming

differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client

side in latter

In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages

and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service

(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low

bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and

OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin

Abstract

This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education

system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively

participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer

programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high

interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already

familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games

in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which

incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer

Science education and competitive programming

Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 1

Presence of Iron in Groundwater of Galore Area in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh

Raman Kumar Sharma M R Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

Iron is commonly present in groundwater worldwide The presence of iron in the drinking water supply is not harmful to

human health however it is undesirable Bad taste discoloration staining deposition in the distribution system leading

to after growth and incidence of high turbidity are some of the aesthetic and operational problems associated with iron in

water supplies Iron removal from groundwater is therefore a major concern for water supply authorities supplying

groundwater Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh lies in lower Himalayan belt The main drinking water sources are

springs rivers dug wells and hand pumps There are about 31000 hand pumps in the Himachal Pradesh out of which

3550 lies in Hamirpur district People use water from hand pumps for drinking washing and other domestic purposes

There are many complaints from the rural areas that the quality of hand pump water is not good However no scientific

study has been conducted so far to access the presence of iron content in hand pump water

Keeping this in view Galore area of Hamirpur district in Himachal Pradesh was selected to collect samples from the

hand pump The samples were analysed for three parameters ie iron content pH and electrical conductivity Standard

procedures (APHA) were followed to analyse the water sample 70 numbers of samples have been analysed The results

of analysis done are presented in this paper

Sodium DeoxycholatendashAmino Acid Interactions in Aqueous Medium at Different

Temperatures A Physico-Chemical Approach

Kuldeep Kumar1 and S Chauhan

2

1Department of Chemistry School of Basic and Applied Sciences Career Point University Hamirpurndash176041 India

2Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E mail Kuldeepsharma753gmailcom

Abstract

The hydrophobic steroid ring system and hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the molecular structure of bile

salts place them in the category of surface active agents However not much is known on the physico-chemical properties

of bile salts in aqueous amino acid solutions Consequently experimental densities d and speeds of sound u values

have been used to determine different physico-chemical parameters like apparent molar volume v isentropic

compressibility s and apparent molar isentropic compression for the bile salt sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) at

molalities (1ndash17) mmol∙kgndash1

in 01 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solution of amino acids over a wide temperature range (29315ndash

31815) K The trends of variation of these parameters are known to contain information pertaining to the structural

consequences of solutendashsolvent interactions therefore the variation of v s and have been discussed in terms of

different hydrophilic and hydrophobic NaDCndashamino acid interactions From interpretation of results at low concentration

region of NaDC the specific interactions which include both hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions have been

suggested to occur between NaDC and amino acids which are followed by nonndashspecific or condashoperative interactions at

higher concentration of NaDC dominated by the hydrophobic interactions Further the order ie His lt Gly lt Met lt Leu

P a g e | 2

obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity

of amino acids

Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility

Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction

Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Pranshul Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)

Abstract

Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock

catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the

temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds

contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks

The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for

harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a

reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at

lower elevation then its catchments

The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock

catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related

to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause

The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms

per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys

The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions

of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible

lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom

indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building

services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers

P a g e | 3

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in

villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term

smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are

delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including

construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building

smart village

Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All

techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used

in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning

monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has

been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in

other region of India

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom

2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin

3pratibhasharma892gmailcom

Abstract

The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream

algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data

algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works

recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree

classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many

decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting

very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and

respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming

Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification

Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT

P a g e | 4

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a

video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game

logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The

scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the

requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud

gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming

differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client

side in latter

In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages

and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service

(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low

bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and

OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin

Abstract

This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education

system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively

participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer

programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high

interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already

familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games

in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which

incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer

Science education and competitive programming

Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 2

obtained for v values of NaDC in aqueous solutions has been correlated well with the fact of increasing hydrophobicity

of amino acids

Keywords Amino Acid Apparent Molar Volume Apparent Molar Isentropic Compression Isentropic Compressibility

Sodium Deoxycholate NaDCndashAmino Acid Interaction

Rain Water Harvesting Through Rock Catchments - A Review

Pranshul Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Engineering amp Technology Guna (MP)

Abstract

Rain Water Harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rain water for human use land forms or rock

catchments using simple technique Rain water harvesting has been practiced for more than 4000 years owing to the

temporal and special variability of rainfall It is good option in areas where good quality water in lacking It sounds

contradicting that water can be obtained from rocks

The technique applied for utilization of rocks for water supply is called rain water harvesting and the structures built for

harvesting rain water from rocks are called rock catchments The rain water runoff from a rock surface in gravitated to a

reservoir by long lines of garlands made of rocks mortared on the rock surface Water reservoir is always located at

lower elevation then its catchments

The paper explains the capacity of rocks to supply water and the benefits of rock catchments disadvantages of rock

catchments history of rock catchments and how these catchments can be used in some areas of Himachal Pradesh

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) ndash a Review

Rohit Dogra Akshay Pandit

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The sick building syndrome (SBS) consist of a group of mucosal skin and general symptoms that are temporally related

to working in particular buildings It is the workers who are symptomatic but the building or its services are the cause

The paper discusses the common symptoms and a method of assessment The average number of work related symptoms

per occupant is known as the building symptom index It can be measured reproducibly by simple questionnaire surveys

The building symptom index shows a wide variation between different buildings Sicker buildings often have conditions

of air temperature humidity and lighting levels that fully comply with current standards Some of the reproducible

lsquolsquofactsrsquorsquo shown in studies in different countries are discussed and the factors related to higher (sicker) building symptom

indices elaborate the WHO standards for the management of building ventilation systems Money spent on the building

services is likely to be cost effective in terms of the lost productivity in symptomatic workers

P a g e | 3

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in

villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term

smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are

delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including

construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building

smart village

Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All

techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used

in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning

monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has

been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in

other region of India

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom

2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin

3pratibhasharma892gmailcom

Abstract

The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream

algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data

algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works

recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree

classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many

decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting

very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and

respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming

Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification

Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT

P a g e | 4

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a

video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game

logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The

scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the

requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud

gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming

differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client

side in latter

In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages

and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service

(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low

bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and

OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin

Abstract

This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education

system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively

participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer

programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high

interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already

familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games

in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which

incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer

Science education and competitive programming

Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 3

Prospects of Converting Villages in Himachal Pradesh to Smart Villages

Prof M R Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur -176041 (HP)

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh is a small state having population of 6864 lakh ( 2011 Out of this 8997 of the population lives in

villages There are 17495 in habited village in its Agriculture contributes to more than 45 of the GDP Recently the term

smart village and smart cities have drawn the attention of people Small village is a bundle of services which are

delivered to its residents and businesses in an effective and efficient manner There are various service including

construction farming electricity health care water retail manufacturing and logistics etc which are needed in building

smart village

Communication and information technology also play a major role in design delivering and monitoring all services All

techniques and technologies needed to build a smart village are now available and some of which are already being used

in Himachal Pradesh but these are fragmental and piecemeal efforts The need of hour is strategy integrated planning

monitoring and execution of the activities using appropriates governance models In this paper an integrated design has

been presented to make the villages smart The model is replicable and can be used to design and build smart villages in

other region of India

A Survey on Hoeffding Tree Stream Data Classification Algorithms

Arvind Kumar Parminder Kaur Pratibha Sharma

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India 1arvindpillaniagmailcom

2parminderkaur_20yahoocoin

3pratibhasharma892gmailcom

Abstract

The large volume of data produced by real-time applications is difficult to organize and handle Data stream

algorithms extract information from volatile real-time applicationsrsquo data and classify the network traffic Stream data

algorithms classify network data more efficiently than batch data mining algorithms Stream classifier model works

recursively every time new data arrives in the network Decision tree classification using Hoeffdingbound makes tree

classification less time consuming Streaming Random forest algorithm an ensemble classifier consisting of many

decision trees works efficiently on large databases and estimates missing data effectively CVFDT (Concept Adapting

very fast decision tree) makes use of sliding window for data sets to provide consistency and offers ability to detect and

respond if any changes occur in example generating process In this paper we compare Hoeffding tree Streaming

Random forest andCVFDT (Concept Adapting Very Fast Decision Tree) which are used for stream data classification

Index Termsmdash Decision tree learning classification tree regression tree Hoeffding Bounds Streaming Random forest CVFDT

P a g e | 4

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a

video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game

logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The

scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the

requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud

gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming

differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client

side in latter

In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages

and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service

(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low

bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and

OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin

Abstract

This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education

system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively

participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer

programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high

interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already

familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games

in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which

incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer

Science education and competitive programming

Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 4

Cloud Gaming Architecture and Quality of Service

Anmol Gupta Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

bratanmolgmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

Cloud Gaming can be defined as the offloading of game logic to the cloud server and rendering the game scenes as a

video stream transfer to the client The thin client sends the user commands to the remote server which executes the game

logic and sends back the changed game scene to the client in the form of a video which is decoded at the client side The

scheme helps people to play games on their computer system irrespective of the specification of their systems as the

requirements for playing the game are fulfilled with the help of a good enough server residing on the cloud Cloud

gaming also helps to overcome the traditional gaming issues such as incompatibility and portability Cloud gaming

differs from online gaming in executing the main game logic which is done at the server side in former and at the client

side in latter

In this paper the different aspects of the Cloud Gaming System (CGS) are discussed to illustrate the various advantages

and power that this concept possesses The cloud gaming concept architecture of a cloud system and Quality of Service

(QOS) parameters are discussed in detail A cloud gaming system should aim at providing the best response time and low

bandwidth consumption The future of cloud gaming seems to be bright as some cloud gaming systems like Gaikai and

OnLive are gaining popularity at a commendable pace

Digital Game Based Learning In Computer Science Education

Preetika Chandel Deepika Dutta Prikshit Tekta Dr Kamlesh Dutta Dr Varun Gupta

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering NIT Hamirpur (HP) India

Email-preetikanithgmailcomdeepika27duttagmailcomprikshittektagmailcomkdnithacin

Abstract

This paper aims to propose the importance of Digital Game Based Learning approach for adoption in CS education

system Digital games provide a suitable platform to learn by playing coding games as they motivate students to actively

participate and interact with the gamersquos activities Educational games seem to be more apt for being used in computer

programming education since their provision of attractive graphical environments interesting scenarios and high

interactivity motivate students to learn concepts through achieving goals within an environment they are already

familiar with Game based learning describes an approach to teaching where students explore relevant aspect of games

in a learning context designed by teachers In this paper a recommendation has also been made which

incorporates game based learning in the current curriculum to propose improved standards in the field of Computer

Science education and competitive programming

Keywords Digital Game Based Learning CS education system Educational Games

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 5

English - Mizo Statistical Machine Translation System Using Moses

Lalhriatpuia Dr Kamlesh Dutta

Deaprtment of CSE NIT Hamirpur (HP)India

Email hriatpuia18gmailcom kdnithgmailcom

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed methodology for the development stages and working of Statistical Machine

Translation System using Moses and focuses on the English-Mizo Language pair The translation system translates

English phrases into the corresponding Mizo phrases Models necessary for this translation system are the Translation

Model and the Language Model Two different kinds of translation system supported by Moses namely Phrase-based

translation system and Hierarchical Phrase-based translation or Syntax based translation system are both considered and

build respectively As Statistical Machine Translation involves training models with language pair the differences in the

two languages (source and target language) are depicted out and are tackled accordingly

Anaphora Resolution for Indian Language The State of The Art

Daya Shankar Yadav Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh Preetika Chandel

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

National Institute of Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

1dayashankar11yadavgmailcom

2kdnithacin

3pardeepnithacin

4preetikanithgmailcom

Abstract

Anaphora Resolution is a process of finding antecedent of corresponding referent It affects the accuracy of all Natural Language

Processing (NLP) applications The paper will describe the development of anaphora resolution techniques in last one and half

decades which take place in Indian Language The researchers have been trying to address this problem for the last few decades

Though the work is going on for Indian Language but English and European languages are far ahead The analysis consists of 45

paper and Master dissertations

Keywords Natural language processing [NLP] Anaphora Resolution [AR] Machine Translation [MT] Text Summarization

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 6

Word Sense Disambiguation and Its Approaches

Vimal Dixit Kamlesh Dutta Pardeep Singh

Department Of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of

Technology Hamirpur-177005 India

vimaldixit2gmailcom kdnithacinpardeepnithacin

Abstract

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important but challenging technique in the area of natural language

processing (NLP) Hundreds of WSD algorithms and systems are available but less work has been done in regard to

choosing the optimal WSD algorithms This paper summarizes the various Approaches used for WSD and classifies

existing WSD algorithms according to their techniques We have discussed about the machine learning and

Dictionaryndashbased approaches for WSD Various supervised learning unsupervised learning and semi-supervised

techniques have been discussed WSD is mainly used in Information Retrieval (IR) Information Extraction (IE)

Machine Translation (MT) Question Answering (QT) Content Analysis Word Processing Lexicography and

Semantic Web

Index Termsmdash Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) Natural Language Processing (NLP) supervised unsupervised

knowledge Base information retrieval information extraction machine translation context ambiguity polysemous

words Machine readable dictionary WordNet

Natural Convection Heat Transfer Inside A Narrow Triangular Enclosure With Rectangular

Staggered Finned Base Plate An Empirical Correlation

Amit Kumar

a Dr Debasish Das

b Est Dev Patel

c

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

bAssistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering NIT Hamirpur-177005

cAssistant professor Department of Mechanical Engineering RGEC (UP)

Abstract

An experimental study of steady buoyancy-driven convective heat transfer inside a narrow triangular enclosure between

hot base plate and inclined cold wall while others wall being isothermal has been performed Aim of this study is to

analyze free convection heat transfer in an air filled triangular cavity with rectangular staggered finned base plate

Experiments have been carried out in two orientations ie horizontal and vertical In total 104 experiments were run to

observe the effect of fin spacing fin height fin thickness and Rayleigh number on the Nusselt number The work has

been carried out in a triangular cavity of aspect ratio 03175 The Rayleigh number and Prandtl Number for different

experiments were in the range 1779341 le Ra le 5559546 and 0713-0698 respectively It has been revealed that Nusselt

number is strong function of fin spacing and Rayleigh number while fin distance has moderate effect The effect of

several factors has been investigated individually and empirical correlations have been developed for Nusselt number in

both orientations

Keywords Triangular enclosure interrupted rectangular fins natural convection

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 7

Design of A Fractal Slot Antenna For Rectenna System And Comparison Of Simulated

Parameters For Different Dimensions

Nitika Sharma BS Dhaliwal

Guru Nanak Dev Govt Engineering College Ludhiana Punjab India

sharmanitika604gmailcom bs_dhaliwalgndecacin

Abstract

In modern era we required a compact system having a high gain efficiency and broad bandwidth For rectenna (antenna

+ rectifier) system we need such an antenna which can receives more radio frequencies from the surroundings and gives

to rectifier which works on one or more frequency band or multiband operation For fulfill these requirements we

proposed a fractal slot antenna which gives multiband operation on 245 GHz In this paper we compare the simulation

parameters for different dimensions

Key Words Rectenna Multiband Efficiency Fractal Slot antenna Gain

Speed of Sound Density Fluorescence and UVVisible Study of Amino Acid (Histidine) In

Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (Sdbs) At Varying Temperatures

Kundan Sharma1 S Chauhan

2 Bhanu Priya

2

1Department of Applied Chemistry Amity University Noida (UP) 201 313

2Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla-5 India

Abstract

Speed of sound density fluorescence and UVVisible studies of aqueous solution of anionic surfactant Sodium dodecyl

benzenesufonate (SDBS) in the presence of histidine with varying concentration (03-30 mmol∙dm-3

) have been

measured over temperature range (20-40 oC) at an interval of 5

oC by using DSA- 5000 fluorescence and UVVisible

spectrophotometers From density and speed of sound data apparent molar volume (Фv) isentropic compressibility (κs)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) have been calculated The behavior of both apparent molar volume (Фv)

and apparent molar adiabatic compression (Фk) reveals the micellization behavior of surfactant SDBS in this region

These parameters shed light on hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic interactions prevailing in amino acid-surfactant-water

systems Further the techniques like fluorescence and UVVisible of SDBS support the results obtained from the

volumetric studies

Keywords SDBS Histidine Density Speed of sound Fluorescence UVVisible

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 8

Effect of 2-Thioureidobenzoxazole (anti-fungal drug) on the micellization behaviour of Sodium

dodecylsulphate in Dimethylsulphoxide

S Chauhan and Anand kumar manglam

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

The micellization behavior of an anionic surfactant Sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) in the concentration range (0-58

mmolmiddotkg-1

) has been studied in the presence of 2-thioureidobenzoxazole (an antifungal drug) at two different

concentrations ie 001 mmolmiddotkg-1

and 005 mmolmiddotkg-1

in non-aqueous solvent Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) over a wide

temperature range 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K For this purpose conventional conductivity measurement has

been employed The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS has been determined from the plots of specific

conductance () vs [SDS] The results show that CMC values of surfactant SDS decreases with increase in the

concentration of above mentioned drug and increases with the rise in temperature By using CMC data various

thermodynamic parameters like standard enthalpy of micellization (o

mH ) standard entropy of micellization (o

mS

) and standard free energy of micellization (o

mG ) have been calculated The results have been interpreted in terms of

various intermolecular interactions that may exist in present ternary (SDSndashdrugndashDMSO) system

Keywords Micellization Thermodynamic Conductivity Interactions Ternary system

Aggregation Behavior of Surface Active Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylammonium Dodecylsulphate

in the Presence of Glycine

S Chauhan and Ashish Kumar

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

In the present work a surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate (TBADS) has been

synthesized in the laboratory The synthesized SAIL has been characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis to confirm its

structure The micellization behavior of TBADS in the concentration range (01-10) mmolkg-1

in aqueous solutions of

Glycine (001 005 and 01) molkg-1

has been investigated For this the specific conductance (κ) of the solution has

been measured over the wide temperature range of 29315ndash31315 K at an interval of 5 K The conductivity data have

been used to derive some physical parameters like critical micelle concentration (CMC) counter ion binding (α) and

thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibbs free energy change (0

mG ) standard enthalpy change (0

mH ) and

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 9

standard entropy change (0

mS ) The variations in these calculated parameters have been discussed in terms of

intermolecular interactions like ion-ion ion-hydrophilic hydrophobic-hydrophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic

interactions prevailing in the studied ternary (TBADS-Glycine-water) system

Keywords Tetrabutylammonium dodecylsulphate counter ion binding standard Gibbrsquos free energy change standard

entropy change standard enthalpy change

Physico-chemical Studies of Synthesized Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions of

Carbohydrates at Different Temperatures Surface Tension and Fluorescence Probe Studies

S Chauhan and Kailash Singh

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005

Tel +91177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Surface tension and fluorescence measurements have been carried out to study the interactions present between cationic

surfactant αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) in aqueous solution in the presence and absence of additives

maltose and raffinose at different compositions and temperatures The critical micelle concentrations (CMCrsquos) have been

determined from these measurements In case of Gemini surfactant it is clear that surface tension gets lowered in the

presence of added saccharides and the effect being more prominent in case of raffinose Various parameters like surface

excess (Гmax) minimum area occupied by the surfactant molecule at the saturated airsolution interface (Amin ) and surface

film pressure( πCMC) have been enumerated from the surface tension data All the Гmax values are positive and decrease with

rise in temperature but increase with an increase in concentration of maltoseraffinose The decrease in Гmax values with

temperature in aqueous solution of maltoseraffinose may be due to involvement of both electrostatic and hydrophobic

interactions in specific binding between surfactant and maltoseraffinose The CMC values calculated using pyrene as a

fluorescent probe at room temperature resembles well with the micellar values determined using surface tension

measurements

Keywords αω-alkanediyl bis (dimethyl ammonium bromide) Maltose Raffinose Surface Tension Surface excess

Surface film pressure

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 10

Viscometric Approach to Infer Information on Intermolecular Interactions for Drug-Amino

Acid System in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Kuldeep Singh

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005 India

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Information regarding intermolecular interactions in drug-amino system have been inferred by measuring viscosity )(

density )( and speed of sound for Lndashhistidine in the concentration range (002ndash020 mol∙kgndash1

) in aqueous solutions of

metformin hydrochloride (an antidiabetic drug) (001 007 and 013 mol∙kgndash1

) at (29315 29815 30315 30815 and

31315) K The structural modifications induced as consequences of Lndashhistidine ndash metformin hydrochloride interactions

have been analyzed from these studies The valuable information regarding presence of different kinds of intermolecular

interactions in the ternary system has been procured from different calculated parameters such as Falkenhagen coefficient

)(A JonersquosndashDole coefficient )(B temperature derivative of B ( dTdB ) and viscosity Bndashcoefficient of transfer

)( Btr etc Also Eyring transition state theory has been applied to calculate various thermodynamic parameters in order

to get more insight into the solution behavior of the system The observations from these studies have been compensated

in terms of intermolecular interactions such as solutendashsolute solutendashsolvent ionndashsolvent ionndashion and structure

makingbreaking behavior of Lndashhistidine in mixture solution

Keywords Intermolecular interactions Metformin hydrochloride LndashHistidine Thermodynamic activation parameter

Thermo-Acoustical analysis of Glycine and DL-Alanine in Aqueous solutions of Furosemide

Suvarcha Chauhan and Lalita Pathania

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 - 2830775

Abstract

Densities )( speeds of sound )(u and viscosity )( have been measured for glycine and DL-alanine in aqueous

furosemide solutions (000 0001 0005 and 0009 mol∙kg-1

) at

different temperature (29315 -31315 K) The acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility s specific

acoustical impedance Z intermolecular free length fL relative association RA molar sound number ][U

relaxation time free volume fV internal pressure i and molar cohesive energy MCE have been obtained

from the experimental data for glycine and DL-alanine in different solutions of furosemide at different temperature

These parameters have been further used to interpret the type and strength of molecular interactions present in the

investigated system

Keywords Furosemide Glycine DL-Alanine Speed of sound and Acoustical parameters

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 11

Conductometric Approach to Analyse the Effect of Tetraalkylammonium Bromide Salts on the

Micellization of Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) at Different Temperatures

S Chauhan and Maninder Kaur

Department of Chemistry Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimlandash171005

Corresponding author Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

E-mail address scschauahn19gmailcom

Abstract

Electrical conductivity (κ) of an anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecylsulfate) (10 to 150) mmol∙kgndash1

in the absence

and presence of 001 mol∙kgndash1

aqueous solutions of tetraalkylammonium bromide R4NBr (R= ethyl propyl butyl and

pentyl) has been measured in the temperature range (28815 to 31815) K From the conductivity versus surfactant

concentration plots critical micellar concentration ( CMC ) of SDS has been determined The results show a shallow

minimum of the CMC values for SDS micelles around 29815 K displaying a typical U-shaped behaviour Also a

remarkable fall in CMC has been observed for SDS in the presence of tetraalkylammonium bromides the effect being

more with the longer alkyl chains Various thermodynamic parameters of micellization ie standard Gibbs free energy

change (o

mG ) standard enthalpy change (o

mH ) and standard entropy change (o

mS ) have been calculated from the

temperature dependence of CMC values The results have been interpreted in terms of hydrophobic as well as

electrostatic interactions between the surfactant and tetraaalkylammonium bromide salts in the aqueous medium

Keywords Conductivity critical micellar concentration hydrophobic interactions electrostatic interactions

tetraalkylammonium bromide

Interaction of DTAB with Antibiotic Drug (Amikacin Sulphate) in Aqueous Media Viscometric Studies

S Chauhan and Poonam Chaudhary

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash71005

Email chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom

Abstract

Interactions of cationic surfactantndashdodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) (3ndash30 mmol∙kgminus1

) with amikacin

sulphate an antibiotic drug (0001and 001 mol∙kgminus1

) in aqueous medium have been investigated by using viscosity

measurements over a wide temperature range 29315ndash3115 K at the interval of 5 K Viscosity data have been used to

calculate various parameters like viscous relaxation time (τ) relative viscosity (ηr) free volume (Vf) internal pressure

(Пi) and molar cohesive energy (MCE) Viscosity increases with increase in concentration of surfactant however it

shows a decrease with rise in temperature An increase in τ Пi and MCE values with concentration of surfactant may be

due to the formation of aggregates of solvent molecules around the solute which in turn result in the structural

rearrangements This may be attributed to the presence of strong solutendashsolvent interactions Viscometric studies clearly

reveal the presence of electrostatic or ionic interactions between solutendashsolvent molecules

Keywords Amikacin Sulphate DTAB relaxation time internal pressure and molar cohesive energy

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 12

Critical Micelle Concentration Frains on Molecular Interactions Between Cationic Surfactants

(CTAB and DTAB) and Glycyl Dipeptide in Aqueous Medium Conductometric Approach

S Chauhan and

Santosh Kumari

Department of Chemistry H P University Shimlandash171005 India

E-mail chauhansuvarcharediffmailcom Tel +91 177 2830803 fax +91 177 2830775

Abstract

The effect of cationic micelle of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

(DTAB) on interaction of Glycyl dipeptide in aqueous medium has been studied in concentrations (0001 and 001

mol∙kgndash1

) at different temperatures Conductivity-concentration datamethod with the aim of knowing the best method is

used for the data analysis The plot of which shows a kink at the point of aggregation (ie critical micelle concentration

cmc) which confirm our anticipation that the conductivity increased with an increase in surfactant concentration and the

results have been discussed in terms of dipeptidendashsurfactant hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in aqueous

medium The obtained cmc values clear us out from the ambiguity that the micellization tendency of the surfactant

increases in the presence of Glycyl dipeptide Furthermore the CMCX values have been used to evaluate the standard

thermodynamic parameters of micellization like enthalpy (o

mH ) free energy (o

mG ) and entropy (o

mS ) which

makes us able to grasp fully the ion-ion ion-hydrophilic interactions existing in the present ternary (CTABndash

GlycylglycinendashWater) system

Keywords Critical micelle concentration CTAB DTAB Glycyl dipeptide Micelllization

Micellar Behaviour and Thermodynamic Parameters of Bile Salt in Aqueous solutions of

Saccharides at Various Temperatures Conductometric and Fluorescence Studies

S Chauhan Vivek Sharma

Department of Chemistry HP University Summer Hill Shimlandash5

Abstract

The micellar behaviour of sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) in aqueous solutions of saccharides (galactose and lactose) has

been studied over wide temperature range 29315-31315 K with interval of 5 K by using conductometric and

fluorescence probe studies The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of bile salt have been determined from the

plots of conductivity ( ) versus concentration of bile salt From the variation of XCMC values with temperature the

various thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy (o

mG ) standard enthalpy ( o

mH ) and standard

entropy (o

mS ) of micelle formation have been calculated at different temperatures The micellar behaviour of NaDC

was analyzed in comparison with different concentration of galactose and lactose The CMC values decrease to a certain

minimum and then increase with the rise in temperature displaying a U-shaped behaviour which is explained in terms of

hydrophobicity as well as hydrophilicity of NaDC Fluorescence probe study has also been applied in order to determine

CMC for the studied ternary system The CMC values determined from these measurements are found to be in excellent

agreement with each other

Keywords Sodium deoxycholate Critical micelle concentration Gibbs free energy Enthalpy and Entropy

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 13

Importance of Micro Surface TexturesGrooves in Fluid Film Lubrication

Saurabh Kango

Department of Mechanical Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

S3kangogmailcom

Abstract

Due to the growing demands of energy efficient compact and hardworking machinery in industries great efforts are

being made by the researchers across the globe to develop compact and energy efficient fluid film bearings for such

machines to sustain Lightheavy loads at high speeds with enhanced stability Fluid film bearings are commonly used in

turbines compressors and pumps due to their excellent dynamic performances even at the extremities of operating

conditions In past several attempts have been made by the researchers for enhancing the tribological and dynamic

performances of the fluid film bearings through geometry modification design of surfaces and formulation of lubricants

with friction busters Since last two decades in-depth studies are being made by the researchers to improve the

tribological and dynamic behaviours of fluid film bearings by machining nanomicro textures and grooves over the both

surfaces Tiny features (micro dimples and micro grooves) created over the surfaces in typical patterns are termed as

textures In the dimplesgrooves of the textured surface a sub atmospheric pressure is generated when the lubricant

passes through the land and reaches the inlet of dimplegroove This generates a pressure drop which sucks the lubricant

in the bearing Consequently the increased lubricant flow enhances the pressure generation at the interface that increases

the load carrying capacity in comparison to conventional smooth bearing

GraphenendashZnO Hybrid Nanostructure with Improved Optical Electrical and Sensing

Properties

Dilbag Singh

Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry Maharaja Agrasen University Baddi Solan India

Email dilbagranagmailcom

Abstract

GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure has been synthesized by using d

detail in terms of their morphological compositional structural and optical properties FESEM images and Raman

spectra of the hybrid nanostructure confirmed the formation of GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure The GraphenendashZnO

hybrid nanomaterial exhibits intense broad room temperature photoluminescence The electrical conductivity of the

GraphenendashZnO hybrid material exhibits a semi-metallic behavior Photoconductivity of the hybrid nanostructure has also

been investigated which strengthens its candidature as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy

between its components To demonstrate their usefulness a model reaction was selected in which degradation of azo

bonds of the mixture of methyl orange and RhB has been observed It was found that the GraphenendashZnO hybrid material

show significantly superior photocatalytic activities as compared to pure ZnO nanoparticles It was supposed that the

hybrid material acted as an electron mediator in electron transfer process from reducing agent to azo bond Synthesized

GraphenendashZnO hybrid has also showed ultra-high sensitivity of ~minus1

cmminus2

and very low-detection limit of 010

during amperometric sensing of hydrazine

Key words GraphenendashZnO hybrid nanostructure Optical Electrical photocatalysis sensing

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 14

Studying the Characteristics of a Rectangular Waveguide Using HFSS

Archana Sharma Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Emailarchanasharma63gmailcom

Abstract

In this paper we have discussed the guiding characteristics along with field distribution for different modes in a

rectangular waveguide are numerically estimated using HFSS software when it is placed in free space The Rectangular

waveguide are the earliest mode of transmission lines used for compact systems like radars and inside equipment shelter

An air filled Rectangular waveguide WR-90 is simulated using HFSS simulation software to obtain different parameters

The electric and magnetic field patterns have been analyzed also intrinsic impedance input impedance and wavelength

for the first four modes of the waveguide are obtained First three modes (TE01 TE10TE20) are included in the analysis

Characteristic profiles are analyzed and the performance of the waveguide is studied Both theoretical and the simulation

result have been compared and verified

Design and Parameters Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wide Band

Applications

Ashish Chand Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Chandel29gmailcom

Abstract

This thesis presents antenna designs for ultra wide band applicationsUWB is a short distance radio communication

technology that can perform high speed communications with speeds of more than 100Mbps modern communication

system requires single antenna to cover several wireless bands The UWB systems have received great attention in indoor

and handheld wireless communication Both antennas are designed and simulated and the simulation process has been

done using HFSS software FR4 substrate used for both antennas the feeding technique used here is microstrip line feed

with dielectric constant of 44 and the substrate height of 16mm and loss tangent is 0001 The presented antenna

simulated and various parameters such as return loss VSWR gain and radiation pattern has been investigated

KeywordsUWB (Ultra wide-band) HFSS (High frequency structured simulator) VSWR(Voltage wave standing ratio)

DCS( Digital Communication System) FCC (Federal Communication Commission)

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 15

Design of a Compact Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna for Mobile Satellite

Handheld Device

Arun Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band L2=

1227 GHz Upper band L1= 1575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally

studied The proposed design is based on the same patch dimensions loaded with rectangular shape of slots in the form of

cut from the sides of the square patch The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas

offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics Details of the design considerations of

the proposed antennas are described and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented

and discussed

Keyword Micro-strip Antenna Dual band GPS applications

A New Compact Size Fractal Based Microstrip Slot Antenna for

GPS Applications

Arun Kumar Kuldeep Kumar Dinesh Kumar

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)India

Arunsharma860306gmailcom

Abstract

A circularly polarized single feed microstrip slot antenna has been introduced in this paper as a candidate for use in GPS

applications The slot structure of the proposed antenna has been created on the radiating patch in two steps At first a 45

degree rotated square has been etched at the center of the patch and then a Sierpinski gasket type of the 3rd iteration

occupies the resulting slot The presented antenna has been fed with a single 50Ohm probe The feed position has been

allocated in such away to produce the dual orthogonal modes required to produce the circular polarization radiation The

antenna has been designed to resonate at1575 GHz L1 GPS band Finite element simulations have been carried out to

evaluate the performance of the modeled antenna using the HFSS v11 EM simulator from Ansoft The resulting antenna

has a slotted square patch with side length of about 40 mm Simulation results show that it possesses impedance and axial

ratio bandwidths of about 27MHz and 22MHzrespectively which meet the GPS L1 band requirement Furthermore the

proposed antenna possesses satisfactory circular polarization radiation characteristics and gain The antenna can be used

for a wide variety of communication applications adopting circular polarization

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 16

Recombinant Carboxymethylcellulase Expression And Its Characterization From A Soil

Isolate Bacillus Tequilensis S28

Amita Sharma1 SK Soni

2 Rupinder Tewari

3

1Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

2 Department microbiology

3Professor Department of microbial biotechnology Panajb University Chandigarh

E-mail amitasharma22gmailcom

Abstract

Cellulosesrsquo are drawing the attention of the scientific world by virtue of their immense potential in lignocellulosic

biomass utilization The need for isolation of novel microorganisms from diverse habitats is imperative as they provide a

platform for genetic modifications Cellulose production from a soil isolate identified as Bacillus tequilensis S28 was

optimized by statistical approach using Plackett-Burman Design and Response surface methodology The

carboxymethylcellulase from cell free supernatant was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation ion exchange

chromatography and gel filtration chromatography The gene encoding CMCase was cloned in Escherichia coli

expression system to produce high level of enzyme titers The cloned enzyme was over-expressed purified by Ni-NTA

affinity chromatography and then characterized Recombinant DNA technology is a promising approach as genetically

engineered enzymes might replace the native enzymes and find a place in commercial sector owing to its unique

properties The carboxymethylcellulase showed optimum activity at pH 6 and temperature 60ordmC It was found 80 stable

in the presence of different metal ions and surfactants The carboxymethylcellulase can be considered as a potential

candidate to be utilized efficiently at industrial scale

The Herbal Medicinal Plant Ficus religiosa

Ms Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Medicinal plants are used throughout human history and they are the local heritage with the global importance World is

endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide range of chemical

compounds which are used to perform significant biological functions Medicinal plants also play an important role in the

lives of rural people particularly in remote parts of developing countries with few health facilities From the ancient days

people are purely dependent on herbal drugs Because at that time allopathic drugs were not easily available to common

people Nowadays both ayurveda and allopathic drugs are used In general 6000 medicinal plants in India are in use in

traditional folklore and used as herbal medicine Ficus religiosa has been studied for various pharmacological activities

It is a large evergreen tree found throughout India wild as well as cultivated It is popular indigenous system of medicine

like Ayurveda Siddha Unani and Homeopathy In traditional system of medicine various parts such as stem bark root

bark aerial roots vegetative buds leaves fruits and latex are used in diabetes vomiting burns gynecological problems

dysentery diarrhea nervous disorders tonic and astringent Phytochemical researches on plant barks showed the

presence tannins saponins flavonoids steroids terpenoids and cardiac glycosides

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 17

Comparative Study of Image Watermarking Algorithms for Better Image Quality

Jyoti Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

bhalwaljyoti93gmailcom

Abstract

Digital watermarking is a technique that embeds data called watermark into a multimedia object Digital Image

Watermarking embeds information in an image that can be image audio or video in such a manner that it cannot be

easily removed Digital image watermarking algorithms are based on two methods DWT (Discrete wavelet transform )

and DCT (Discrete cosine transform) In our study we have compare DCT and DWT on the basis of PSNR (Peak signal

to noise ratio) and SF (Similarity factor) parameters and it has been observed that DCT gives good results as compare to

DWT

Key Words--- Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Cosine Transform Watermarking Peak Signal to Noise Ratio

Similarity Factor

Analysis and Comparison of DES and AES Algorithms Based on Various File Features

Neha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

iamnehasharma07gmailcom

Abstract

Data security is the challenging issue of today that handles many areas including computers and communication

Cryptography is the study of Secret (crypto-) writing (-graphy) that is disguising the content of message from all except

the sender and the receiver and to authenticate the correctness of message to the recipient Cryptography is one such way

to make sure that confidentiality authentication integrity availability and identification of user data can be maintained

We have analyzed DES and AES algorithms for textual data encryption and decryption and they have been analyzed on

their ability to secure data time taken to encrypt and decrypt data It analyzed that execution time of different algorithms

is different according to the input data size The tool used for the current work is Netbeans IDE 81 It observed that AES

algorithm took least time for encryption and decryption

Key Words---Data Encryption Standard Advanced Encryption Standard Cryptography Encryption and Decryption

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 18

Web Service Testing Tools Comparative Study of Testing Tools for Web Service

Richa Kumari Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

thakurricha746gmailcom

Abstract

Software testing is an important phase of a software development life cycle (SDLC) to provide quality of service (QOS)

Today many software applications are written as web based application that runs in an Internet Browser Quality of

service has gained more importance with the increase in usage and adoption of web services There are commercial as

well as open source tools available today which are being used for monitoring and testing QOS of web applications and

web services Testing strategies are used to test the application ie Manual Testing and automation testing In manual

testing testing is done manually means without the use of any tool In automation testing tools are used to test software

or application These tools facilitate in QOS measurement and analysis and helpful in evaluation of service performance

in real time network These web services testing tools are open source In our study we have compare the various web

service testing tools ie Apache JMeter Wizdl Soap ui wcf storm under the parameter Response time Results of the

comparison will help in adoption and usage of these tools and also promote development and usage of open-source web

service testing tools

Keywords Web services Open-source software software testing testing tools Apache JMeter Soap Ui wcf storm

wizdl

Data Mining Study and Comparison of Clustering Algorithms

Shiksha Sharma Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point UniversityHamirpur (HP) ndash 176041 India

sharmashiksha832gmailcom

Abstract

Data mining is the process of extraction of data from large data sets which consists of heterogeneous databases Data

mining can be done with various data mining techniques like association correlation clustering and neural network

Clustering is important in data analysis and data mining applications Clustering is an unsupervised classification that is

the partitioning of a data set in a set of meaningful subsets Clustering of data is the process of grouping of similar type of

data Clustering have different clustering algorithms simple k-Means Farther first Filtered Grid and density based

algorithms In our study we have compare various clustering algorithms on the basis of time parameter with weka tool

WEKA is open source software issued under the GNU General Public License WEKA supports many different standard

data mining tasks such as data preprocessing classification clustering regression visualization and feature selection

Keywords Data Mining Clustering simple k-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering DBSCAN Clustering Farthest

first clustering

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 19

Polyethylene Glycol Induced Morphological Changes in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench of Indian Himalayan

Region

Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Distt- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email artijamwal11rediffmailcom

Abstract

Plants in nature are continuously exposed to several biotic and abiotic stresses Among these stresses drought stress is

one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity and considered a severe threat for sustainable crop

production in the present changing climate Drought triggers a wide variety of plant responses ranging from cellular

metabolism to changes in growth rates and crop yield One of the most important phases in the cycle of plant is seed

germination The response of plants to water deficit stress differs significantly at various organizational levels depending

upon intensity and duration of stress as well as plant species and its stage of development The objective of present work

was to determine the impact of water stress on seed germination root and shoot length fresh and dry biomass in

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Drought stress was induced by using PEG-6000 (Polyethylene glycol 6000) solution

Different concentrations of PEG-6000 (15 20 25 30 35 and 40 PEG) were used for seed treatment The

seeds were kept for 15 days in BOD incubator at 20plusmn2ordmC The results indicated that drought stress had significant effect

on germination percentage and seedling growth parameters The various osmotic potential generated showed significant

decrease in germination percentage except at 15 PEG All the seedling growth parameters (root and shoot length fresh

and dry biomass) decrease with increase in PEG concentration except the root length at 15 PEG

Keywords Drought stress yield polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic potential germination

percentage Seedling growth

Documentation of Traditional Knowledge Regarding To the Medicinal Plants of Fabaceae

Family of Hamirpur District (HP) Which Forms the Bases of New Research Based

Pharmaceutical or New Herbal Drugs

Dr Nitesh Kumar1 Shivani Sharma

2

1Department of Botany

2Department of Biotech Gautam group of colleges Hamirpur(HP)

Abstract

Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh due to area wise and this district falls under Shivalik hills

These hills are full of forest with floristic plant diversity Due to the favourable climatic conditions this region act as a

good reservoir for the growth of herbal plants and other plants of ethnobotanical importance which are belonging to

different families Among all families of angiosperms The most dominant family which is found in the Hamirpur

district is Fabaceae family This family is considered as the largest family of the angiosperms This family is

characterized by the presence of polypetalous condition monocarpellary condition and marginal placentation The rural

people this district yet has good faith on plants based folk remedies for the treatment of various health problems So

they use different parts of plants and their products in the form of herbal folk remedies for the primary health care This

paper mainly emphasizes the uses of some plants of fabaceae family of angiosperms for alleviating different kind of

health related problems or diseases due to their herbal potential

Keywords - Angiosperms Ethnobotanical Folk remedies Herbal potential Primary health care Traditional knowledge

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 20

Isolation of Bacteria Producing Phospholipase A1 from Soil and Optimizing Conditions for

Maximum Production using Agroindustrial Waste (Defatted rice bran)

Gaganpreet Kaur1 SKSoni

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1 Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh 160014

E-mail bhullargaganpreetgmailcom

Abstract

Phospholipase production is an important future industrial technology Phospholipases are of many types but

phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is of major interest due to its key role in the edible oil industry for degumming of oils In the

present study defatted rice bran has been used for the microbial production of PLA1 The isolation and screening for

phospholipase positive cultures from soil samples was done One best isolate among them was identified and selected for

further studies The various fundamental factors like incubation time temperature moisture pH different oil sources

percentage of oil (vv) different carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for maximum phospholipase A1 production

The optimized variables influencing PLA1 production were further employed in statistical Response Surface

Methodology The optimum medium composition for phospholipase A1 production was peptone (1827 gL) lactose

(2139 gL) rice bran oil (0674 vv) with pH 8 agitation speed (150rpm) for 48 h at 40oC Maximum phospholipase

productivity of 292 Ug was observed The use of PLA1 as an alternative to chemical process for degumming will not

only provide a cleaner solution for the various industries but will also help to clean environment by preventing in situ

burning of rice bran in the fields

Reduction of Shigella Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cells by Probiotic Consortium of Lactobacilli

Isolated from Human Infants

Radhika Trikha1 Naresh Sachdeva

2 Praveen Rishi

3 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology Panjab University Chandigarh India

2Department of Endocrinology PGIMER Chandigarh India

3Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

Email Id radhika_trikhapuacin

Abstract

Shigella dysenteriae is one of the most virulent bacterial pathogens causing contagious diarrhea that can be fatal

especially in infants and young children The role of probiotics in controlling bacterial infections is gaining momentum

The present study was undertaken to isolate probiotic lactobacilli from stool samples of healthy breast fed infants (1-3

months old) to control gastrointestinal infections Three probiotic lactobacilli were screened and identified as L

rhamnosus L paraplantarum and L Pentosus showing superior probiotic attributes Probiotic cocktail of L rhamnosus

L paraplantarum and L pentosus significantly reduced adherence and internalization of S dysenteriae on intestinal

epithelial Caco-2 cells by 612 and 746 Moreover cell viability of Caco-2 cells was significantly increased to 71

when Caco-2 cells were co-seeded with S dysenteriae and probiotic cocktail in comparison to S dysenteriae infected

Caco-2 cells In addition S dysenteriae mediated acute inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was

down-regulated upon probiotic cocktail treatment in terms of decreased gene expression of Toll like receptor 4 nuclear

transcriptional factor gene and pro-inflammatory genes and increased gene expression of anti-inflammatory gene

Therefore this cocktail has the potential to be used as a natural alternative for treating S dyseneteriae infection

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 21

Software Testing Comparison Study of Testing Tools

Shikha Dhiman Pratibha Sharma

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) - 176041 India

shikhakashyap76yahooin

Abstract

Testing is very important phase of SDLC where the software is examined properly and modifications are proposed In

present era Software testing is the process of validating and verifying the correctness of software Thus we can say that

testing is necessary for performance provided by software Performance testing is used to determine the responsiveness

throughput reliability andor scalability of a system under a given workload Web service is widely used concept

nowadays due to rapidly popularization of Web services and less literature is available regarding web servicersquos

performance Web applications are difficult to test in comparison to traditional applications especially in terms of

Performance testing such as unpredictable load response time etc In this study comparison of three performance testing

tools ie CLIF Grinder Intel V Tune must be done on the basis of their response times Since yet from the theoretical

study it has been concluded that grinder is the best tool among the tools The practical implementation of this study will

help in the promotion and usage of various open source web service tool toward performance of real time network using

quality of service provided by these tools

Keywords Software Testing Open source Testing Tools Web Application Performance Testing

Achyranthes aspera An Important Medicinal Herb

Sushmita Bharti Sushmita Bharti Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties It is distributed

throughout the tropical world It can be found in many places growing as a common weed Achyranthes aspera

is an erect or procumbent annual or perennial herb Achyranthine is an active compound present in A aspera

It contains triterpenoid saponis which possess oleanolic acid as the aglycone ecdysterone an insect moulting

hormone and long chain alcohols Traditionally the plant is used in asthema and cough It is pungent

antiphlegamatic antiperiodic diuretic useful in oedema dropsy and piles and eurptions of skin etc Crushed

plant is boiled in water and is used in pneumonia The flowering spikes or seeds are grounded and made into a

paste with water are used as external application for bites of poisonous snake and reptiles also used in

nightblindness and cutaneous diseases for snake bite grounded root is given with water untill patient vomits

and regains consciousness Ash of the plant is applied externally for ulcers and warts A fresh piece of root is

used as a tooth brush Achyranthes aspera is a very important plant for its large number of medicinal properties

as well as medicinally important chemicals like ecdysterone betaine etc The plant shows many

pharmacological activities like spermicidal antiallergic cardiovascular nephroprotective antiparasitic

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 22

Medicinal value of Phyllanthus fraternus

Sikha Jasrotia Sikha Jasrotia Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Phyllanthus fraternus is a pentatropical weed and probably originated from Pakistan and west India In tropical

Africa it occurs from Cape Verde last to Somalia and south to South Africa except in most humid regions It is

used as herbal medicine and is called Bhumyamlaki It is useful in treatment of liver diseases like jaundice It

acts as remedy fatty liver and liver damage due to any reason it promote liver action It is diuretic and hence

used in urinary tract infection and bacterial infection It helps to restrict the Hepatitus B virus found in blood

stream It helps in inhibitory effect on human immune deficiency virus Regular intake of leaves in empty

stomach helps to get rid of toxins and spider bites It is used for lowering the blood pressure

Tinospora codifolia An insight into medicinal importance

Ronika Sharma Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Tinospora codifolia which is commonly known as Giloy and Heart-leaved Moonseed is an herbaceous vine of

family Menispermaceae It is a large deciduous woody succulent and climbing shrub Bark is grayish brown

corky sending down long aerial roots from host trees Leaves are simple alternate margin entire and broadly

ovate Inflorescence is axillary or on old leafless branches peduncled and few flowered Flowers are unisexual

yellow and pedicelate Male flower having 6 sepals in two series inner largest and outer smallest series 6

stamens free filamentous loculed anthers longitudinally dehisced In Female flower sepal and petal are similar

with male flowers staminodes 6 carpelrsquos 3 style short stigma capitate Fruit is drupe ovoid shining and bright

red about 5-7 mm across and ventrally flattened Seeds are half-moon shape endospermic having flattened

cotyledon and are leaf like Part used Part used for different purposes are stem roots and also whole plant

Leaves of this plant are rich in protein (112) and are fairly rich in calcium and phosphorus Geloy is used to

cure swine flu chronic and high fever so it is anti-pyretic in nature It is also used as an adaptogenic herb to

reduce mental stress promote memory and clean brain toxins It increases immunity response with the

activation of protective cells It is anti-diabetic it reduces blood sugar and lipid levels It protects against gamma

radiation and is anti-tumorous leading reduction in tumors It purifies the blood and provides healthy and

glowing skin It is also anti-inflammatory Juice of geloy balances uric acid level in human body Geloy

promotes life and has anti-ageing properties such as destruction of wrinkles

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 23

An introduction to medicinal plant Amomum subulatum

Asha Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is the large cardamom of commerce cultivated in tropical wet evergreen of forest of the eastern

Himalayas of India Nepal and Bhutan The essential oil is extracted from the seeds which contain terpineol 45

myrcene 27 limonine 8 menthone 6 phellandrene 3 18-cineol 2 sabiene 2 and heptanes 2 Amomum

subulatum is an excellent source of manganese and has good levels of other minerals like copper potassium magnesium

phosphorus and zinc It is low in sodium and free in cholesterol The therapeutic properties of cardamom oil have been

found application in many traditional medicines as antiseptic antispasmodic digestive diuretic stimulant stomachic and

tonic It works as an antidote to scorpion and snake bite It is used to treat and prevent sore throats It is also prescribed in

the treatment of indigestion and nausea It treats mouth ulcers halitosis teeth and gum infection as it has antibacterial

action Cardamom has analgesic properties so it eases joint and muscle pains and inflamed nerves It is also used in anti-

wrinkled cream

Castor bean A wonderful plant

Shivani Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Castor bean is originally native to northeastern Africa and the Middle East Ricinus communis is long lived (perennial)

shrub with can grow to the size of a small tree in suitable condition The stem (and the Spherical Spiny Seed Capsules)

also vary in pigmentation The flowers are born in terminal penicle like inflorescences of green or in some varieties

shades of red monoecious flower without petals The fruit is spiny greenish capsule containing large oval shiny bean

like highly seed The alternately arranged hairless leaves are born on stalk 10-30 cm long and have very large leave

blades The leaves stalks are usually attached directly to the underside of leaves Three terpenoids and a tocopherol

related compound have been found in the aerial part of Ricinus communis Castor oil is an effective motor lubricant and

has been used in internal combustion engines including those of world war airplanes It has been used as an oil crop for

thousand years In food industry castor oil is used in food additives In India and Pakistan food grains are preserved by

applying castor oil The result of investigation carried out of wide castor seed oil confirms the presence of ricinoleic

acids palmitic acid stearic acid The result also shows that the oil can be classified as drying oil which can be hydrated

to give same drying oil

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 24

An important medicinal herb Eclipta alba

Sapna Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is abundantly found in India China Brazil and United states The extract of plant contains bioactive steroidal

alkoloids that have cytotoxicity against certain Other chemicals are wedelolactone and demetylwedelolaction

luteolin b-amyrein etc Stem is usually erect flat or round blackish green profusely branched and pubescent

Stem and branches are strigose and hairy The inflorescence is a head with 6 to 8 mm diameter It is solitary

white achene compressed and narrowly winged flowering take place during August ndash September months Roots

of Eclipta alba are emetic and purgative Fruits are many seeded (Achene) seeds are black and resemble cumin

seeds Fruiting occurs up to November Eclipta alba is considered a very powerful liver tonic White and

yellow herb is very effective against liver injury an inflammation The white varity is to very good for the hair

as it prevents hair loss and promotes hair growth It is also good for throat and lug infection The herb is said to

protect against night blindness and other eye diseases probably because of its high carotene content Kohl (

Kajal) was made of using the juice of leaves Juice of Eclipta alba and cows milk are used by boiling and then

cooled mixed and taken in the morning to regulate blood pressure Its extract help to improve memory

concetration and cognitive function It eliminates all wastage from stomach intestine and clean thum Leaves has

been used in the treatment of scorpion stings It is used as anti venon against snakebite in China and Brazil The

Eclipta alba leaf juice boiled with srame or controll oil for anionting the head to render the hair black and lutiant

has been practiced since ancient times

Trachyspermum ammi Medicinal and Industrial Value

Kirna Devi Amita Sharma

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as ajwain is a native of Egypt and is cultivated in Iraq Iran

AfghanistanPakistan and in India Ajwain is a traditional potential herb and is widely used for curing various

diseases in humans and animalsIt is distributed throughout india and mostly cultivated in Gujarat Rajasthan Bihar

And West Bengal In Himachal Pradesh it is cultivated in areas like Kangra valley Mandi and Shimla It is widely

grown in arid and semi-arid regions where soil contains high level of salts Ajwain is a profusely branched annual

herb 60to 90 cm tall Inflorescence is compound umbel typeeach contain 16 umbellets containing each upto 16

flowers Flower is actinomorphicwhitemale and bisexual Ajwain with its aromatic smell and pungent taste is

widely used as a spice in curries and used in small quantities for flavoringnumerous foods and as preservatives

Medicinally it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal antioxidant

antimicrobial anti-nociceptive antispasmodic diuretic nematicidal and antifilarial The fruit possesses stimulant

antispasmodic andcarminative properties and is used as an important remedial agent for flatulencediarrhea and

abdominal painspiles and bronchial problems lack of appetite asthma and amenorrhea Seed contain an essential

oil containing about 50thymol which is strong germicide anti-spasmodic and fungicide Thymol is used in tooth

paste and perfumery Itsseeds are used in small quantities for flavoring numerous foods as preservatives

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 25

Emblica offcinalis A wonderful herb

Ravi kumar Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

It is a small medium sized deciduous tree with smooth greenish grey exfoliating bark Leaves are feathery with

small narrowly oblong pinnately arranged leaflets Fruits are depressed globose frac12 - 1 inch in diameter fleshy and

obscurely 6-lobed containing 6 small seeds The tree is 30-40 ft in height and circumference of stem usually extends

up to 3-6 ft and rarely up to 9 Stem is usually curved branches are strong and extended Bark is thin and brownish in

color Leaves resemble to tamarind leaves Fruits are fleshy and round in shape Raw fruits are green in color and

become greenish yellow on ripeningFruit contain a three celled nut each cell of which contain two triangular seeds

Seeds are round edges of which are sharp Amla is highly nutritious and is an important dietary source of vitamin c

minerals and amino acids the edible fruits tissue contains proteins concentration and ascorbic acid 160 folds compared to

that of the apple This fruit also contains glutamic acids (296) alanine (54) aspartic acids (81) proline (146)

and lysine (53) of the total amino acids The pulpy portion of the dried fruit and free from the nut contains Gallic

acids(132) sugar(3610) gum (1375) albumin (138) crude cellulose (178) mineralmatter (412) and

moisture (383) Amla fruit ash contains chromium 25pm zinc 4ppm and copper 3ppm

Medicinal value of Acacia nilotica

Neha Kumari Shashi Bala

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Plant are treeshrubs or herbs leaves are compoundflower has actinomorphic calyx gamosepalous aestivation of

corolla valvate gynoecium monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentationand fruitare legume or lomentumThe

species can with stand extremely dry environments Mostly medium sized tree or shrubs few are herbs aerial parts

usually possess spines and prickles The roots are used against cancer and tumors The leaves are chemopreventive

antimutagenic and tender leaves are used to treat diarrheaGum are astringent liver tonic antibacterial antioxidant and

antimutagenic Bark is used as astringent skin disease small pox dysentery and seminal weakness the trunk bark is used

for coldSeed hasSpasmogenic activity and antiplasmodial activity Pods are used against HIV ndash 1PR inhibited HIV-1

induced cythopathogenicity antiplatelet and antioxidant Plant has many phytochemical properties like antihypertensive

and anti-spasmodic activities- A decrease in arterial blood pressure is reported by use of methanolic extract of Anilotica

Stem bark extract confirms the antibacterial antimicrobial activity against streptococcus viridians-The ethyl acetate

extract holds the highest activity on Plasmodiuam falciparumshowing antiplasmodial activity The pods and tender

leaves are considered very beneficial in medicine to treat Diabetic mellitus

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 26

Nutritional and Medicinal Value of Ananas comosus (Pineapple)

Anchla Devi Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The plant is a short herbaceous perennial trough-shaped and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem Pineapples are

auto sterile and fruits are syncarps These composite fruits are formed from the whole inflorescence the individual

ripened ovaries remain embedded in a fleshy mass formed from the bracts sepals and axis of the inflorescence Stem

and leaves of pineapple are used for industrial and medicinal purposeslsquoBromelainrsquo is a protein extract derived from the

stems of pineapples although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit The active ingredients of pineapple are

Citric and malic acids vitamins A B and C sugars glucose sucrose fats mineral salts Fe Mg K I P Mn S beta-

carotene Cellulose in the core of fruitThe risks for developing asthma are lower in people who consume a high

amount of beta-carotene a nutrient which is found in pineappleIncreasing potassium intake by consuming high

potassium fruits ie pineapple can help with lowering blood pressureAs an excellent source of vitamin C pineapple can

help combat the formation of free radicals known to cause cancer Pineapple plays a significant role in the prevention of

diabetesPineapples because of their fiber and water content help to prevent constipation and promote regularity and a

healthy digestive tractThe antioxidants in pineapple such as vitamin C beta- carotene minerals Cu and Zn have

properties that affect both male and female fertilityThe bromelain found in pineapples can reduce swelling bruising

healing time and pain associated with injury and surgical intervention Bromelain is used to treat and reduce

inflammation from tendinitis sprains strains and other muscle injuries and swelling related to ear nose and throat

surgeries or trauma

A general Account of Medicinal plant Adhatoda Zeylanica

Manu Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

An evergreen gregarious stiff perennial shrub with hairy light green leaves large leathery flowers white with red or

yellow-barred throats and spikes with large bracts It has four quinozoline alkaloids vasicoline adhotodine vasicolinone

and aniotine in leaves and inflorescence It is used in the treatment of respiratory infection especially in tuberculosis and

upper respiratory infections It reduces spasmodic pain and reduces sugar level in blood It checks bleeding through nose

oral orifice and orifice and good for menorrhagia too Increase plate let content in blood good medicine for dengue

hemorrhagic fever in an adjunct to modern treatment It reduces high blood pressure and increase heart rate It fights

against intestinal worms It has mild sedative property It is local use gives relief in pyorrhea and in bleeding gums Leaf

juice is stated to cure diarrhea dysentery It is good for allergic urticuria and neuralgia

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 27

A general account of medicinal plant Withania somnifera

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashwagandha grows prolifically in India Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka and Bangladesh It is commercially cultivated in

Madhya Pradesh Withania somnifera is an evergreen erect branching shrub Leaves are simple opposite alernate

petiolate elliptic ovate to broadly ovate The leaves of the plants are used for tumor and tubercular glands Leaves are

bitter in taste and used as an antihelminthic The roots are used to prepare the herbal remedy Ashwagandha which has

been traditionally used for various symptoms and conditions The fresh roots are sometimes boiled in milk prior to

drying in order to reach out best results The berries are used as a substitute for rennet to coagulate milk in cheese

making These are used for the Ayurvedic system as aphrodiasiac diuretics and for treating memory loss This herb may

help protect against inflammation and cartilage damage associated with osteoarthritis Ashwagandha had anti-axiety

effects similar to that of lorazepam The herb is also appeared to ease depression Ashwagandha may help normalize high

blood sugar and improve insulin

Medicinal Value of Plumbago zeylanica

Deepa Jaryal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

The Plumbago belongs to family Plumbaginaceae that consist of 10-20 flowering plant species The plant is native to

warm temperate tropical regions of the world and grows wild in India All the part used but roots have fascinated the

chemist and biologist due to tremandous pharmalogical properties The pulped roots or aerial part are reported

abortifacient while powdered bark root or leaves are used to treat gonorrhea syphills tuberculosis rheumatic pain

swelling and wound healing Root decoction with boiled milk is swallowed to treat inflammation in mouth throat and

chest A paste of root in vinegar milk and water is considered significant against influenza and black water fever while

root infusion is taken orally to treatment shortness of breath In Ayurvedic and Unani system system of medicine the

plant has been described for significant anticancer antitumor anti ndash inflammatory antioxidant antimycobacterial and

antimicrobial activity The plant is also affected against rheumatic pain scabies skin disease and wound The roots of

plant and its constituent are created with potential therapeutic properties including anti-atherogenic cardiotonic

hepatoprotective neuroprotective central nervous system stimulating properties

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 28

Importance of Punica granatum

Jyoti Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A shrub or small tree the pomegranate has multiple spiny branches and is extremely long-lived The flowers are bright

red with three to seven petals Some fruitless varieties are grown for the flowers alone The most abundant

phytochemicals in pomegranate juice are polyphenols including the hydrolyzable tannins called ellagitannins formed

when ellagic acid andor gallic acid binds with a carbohydrate to form pomegranate llagitannins also known as

punicalagins The red color of juice can be attributed to anthocyanins such as delphinidin cyanidin and pelargonidin

glycosides Generally an increase in juice pigmentation occurs during fruit ripening Compared to the pulp the inedible

pomegranate peel contains as much as three times the total amount of polyphenols including condensed tannins

catechins gallocatechins and prodelphinidins The higher phenolic content of the peel yields extracts for use in dietary

supplements and food preservatives The consumption of pomegranate is highly recommended in cases of anemia caused

by Iron deficiency This is because it contains both copper and iron the copper as a trace element facilitates the

absorption of Iron into the blood The astringent and anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate on the digestive tract

makes its consumption highly recommended in cases of infectious diarrhea caused by colitis When there is an excess

stomach acid the consumption of pomegranate will be of immense benefit as it will help reduce the production of

gastric juice (which contains stomach acid that helps digest food materials) as well as reduce inflammation in the

stomach

Ashok tree Medicinal and Industrial Value

Monika Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ashok tree (Saraca aroca) is prized for its beautiful foliage and fragrant flower The Ashok flowers come in heavy lush

bunches bright orange yellow in color turning red before wilting Its active Components are Haematoxylin Tannins

Glycoside Leucopelargonidin and leucocyanidin Ashok tree flowers can be use to effectively treat hemorrhagic

dysentery flower mixed with water and made in a paste offer relief from dysentery Ashok tree herbal supplements cure

the bleeding caused by piles You can also prepare a decoction using the bark of the treat internal piles Ashok herb is

useful in improving the complexion of the skin Dried flowers are useful controlling diabetes It is also used for the

management for the sting of a scorpion The bark of tree is used as an antidote for providing relief from a scorpion sting

Datura stramonium Medicinal importance

Payal Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Datura is mostly distributed in all the tropical regions of the world mainly in the desert arid zone forest region and

mountainous region Datura is an herbaceous perennial plant Flower is large bell shaped white colored and sometimes

light yellow or light blue colored Active components include tropane alkaloids aminoacids tannins phytic acids and

carbohydrates Oil extract from its seeds is used to treat baldness and stimulate

growth of hairs The vapours of Datura leaves infusion is used to relieve arthritis such as rheumatism and gout Burning

leaves leave smoke of Datura are used to treat asthma and bronchitis

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 29

Medicinal importance of Ficus racemosa

Chandvishakha Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Ficus racemosa is a one of the herbs mentioned in all ancient scriptures of Ayurveda It is one of the plants from a group

called pancavalkala meaning the thick bark skins of five herbs viz udumbara vata asvattha parisa and plaksa

According to Unani system of medicine leaves are astringent to bowels and good in case of bronchitis whereas fruits are

useful in treatment of dry cough loss of voice diseases of kidney and spleen Ficus racemosa contains tannin wax

saponin gluanol acetate β-sitosterol leucocyanidin- 3 ndash O ndash β ndash D - glucopyrancoside leucopelargonidin ndash 3 Ficus

racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats Its bark is

useful in Asthma and piles

Intelligent Transport system - a need of the hour for the Indian Transport

Akhil Sharma Ankit Kumar Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur

(HP) India

Abstract

Transport and economic development of a country are closely related As the economy grows more goods are produced

and people travel more In India the economy is growing at 8 and the rail transport is growing at 10-12 The existing

stock of roads railways posts airports are proving inadequate to meet the growing demands Augmentation is proving to

be very costly and time consuming and is soon over taken by traffic growth

Intelligent transport (ITS) is the system they apply modern information technology to improve the operation of transport

networks The paper explain the application of ITS for various activities of rods transport It also explains its application

in various countries of the world and how it can benefit India

High Speed Rails for India ndash Challenges and Innovations

Kanav Dogra Pramodpal Singh Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

Abstract

The need for highly efficient transportation cuts across all nation where passenger and cargo traffic must move efficiently

in crowded and growing regions The introduction of high speed rail leads to a number of socio economic advantages

such as increased competitiveness by linking strongly developed economic region The expansion and strengthening of

existing railways in both infrastructure and rolling stock creates a leading global sector which boosts technology as well

as employment With a continuous increase of passenger and cargo traffic this electric powered railway transportation

rotation provides a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to meet the transportation needs of tomorrow by

reducing carbon dioxide emitted by automobiles and aircraft

The paper focuses on various aspects of high speed rail the socio economic advantages the technical challenges and

achievements the obstacles and course aspects of funding large scale projects

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 30

Problem of Railway Construction in North East Border Areas of India

Ashwani Kumar Vishal Rana Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering

Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Indian border areas have their own problems and peculiarities Such areas are in general less accessible making

provision of basic facilities more difficult and costly Such areas are often more vulnerable to illegal infiltration of

population which adds pressure on their economic and environmental resources Moreover porous nature of the border

enables easy cross border passage for insurgents and criminals including drug traffickers Thus governments of the states

with international border are required to bear heavier burden for not only providing basic facilities to the people living in

such areas but also for the broader national goal of securing the border

North Eastern Region comprising of 8 states viz Assam Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Manipur Mizoram Nagaland

Tripura and Sikkim is being served by Northeast Frontier Railway Development of rail infrastructure in North Eastern

Region is one of the priority areas of the Ministry of Railways The endeavor of the Government is to provide rail

connectivity to all the sister states in the Region and thereafter extend the same to the capital cities Up to 3132011

885688 crore have been spent on various projects and other works in the Region At present 17 construction projects

viz 12 new line 3 gauge conversion 1 doubling and 1 railway electrification project are being executed in the North

Eastern Region at an anticipated cost of 23816 crore The paper discusses the various the socio economic and strategic

advantages the technical challenges and achievements the obstacles and aspects of funding large scale railway projects

in border areas

Medicinal Values of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis

Punam Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Hibiscus is found in China (South Eastern Asia) It is mostly distributed throughout the tropical and temperate regions In

India it is found in Gujarat Karnataka Rajasthan Andhra Pradesh etc The roots are cylindrical of 5-15 cm length and 2

cm in diameter off white in colour light brown transverse lenticels Roots taste sweet and mucilaginous Its stem is

woody aerial erect branched cylindrical solid glabrous and green Leaves are simple ovate or ovate- lanceolate Leaves

are entire at the base and coarsely toothed at the apex Flowers are pedicillate actinomorphic pentamerous and

complete Corolla consists of 5 petals red in colour The fruit (very rarely formed) is a capsule about 3 cm long In the

leaves roots and flowers of China rose the active compounds are β-sitosterol cyanidin Sopharaside α-hydroxy acids

flavonoids thiamine and vitamins The leaves of hibiscus is used to prepare shampoo and conditioner for hair It is very

effective to prevent hair loss Siddha medicine is used as a laxative blood purifier and cough and also used for curing

cystitis Flowers are uesd for curing the diarrhea and also for heart diseases It is also used for curing cold and for healing

wounds Juice is extracted from the leaves flowers and roots used as diuretics suppressants The flowers of Hibiscus

plant has anti- aging and anti- tanning agent Hibiscus tea contain flavonoids help to lowers the cholesterol and also

provide treatment for headache Hibiscus plant is used in beverage industries due to the presence of flavonoids Hibiscus

plantrsquos parts are used in pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of medicines This plant is also used in paper

industries silk indutries for the purpose of dying and horticultural industry due to the presence of potassium

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 31

The Butter fly Pea Clitoria ternatea

Nisha Kumari Arti Jamwal

Department of Botany Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Aprajita (Clitoria ternatea) is one the stunningly beautiful plant Due to its beautiful colour and appearance it is

cultivated in garden It is also known as butter fly pea flowers In India (western- north India) it is wild or cultivated It

is perennial herbaceous plant with elliptic obtuse leaves which are dark green in colour It grows as a vine or creeper

doing well in moist neutral soil Fruits are 5-7 cm long flat pods and they are edible when tender For medicinal purpose

parts of the plant which are used are roots root bark leaves and seeds Roots bark contains fixed oil a bitter acid resin

tannic acid glucose Seed cotyledons are full of granular starch Aprajita is best known for its medicinal values it is

ancient India medicinal herb Its flowers and plants part are use to prepare a variety of medicinal extract Paste of the

roots of white flowered variety is applied in Skin diseases Paste of its leaves combined with water salt applied in Retro

auricular adenitis It works well as an appetizer vermicide digest ant It is used in constipation jaundice and piles

Extracts from the root are used to treat leucoderma The juice of fresh leaves mixed with ginger juice can be used to

control excessive sweating This herbal plant is used for cleaning wounds and it has ability to prevent pus formation The

extract of this plant are used for as blood purifier This plant is also used for common cold cough asthma and it reduces

irritation of respiratory organs Extracts of the roots are also used for eye throat infection ulcer and for urinary trouble

Clitoria ternatea is valuable in so many ways It is best known for its medicinal values

In Vitro Screening for Lignocellulolytic Enzyme and Physiological Studies on A Brown Rot Fungus

Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) Hjortstam amp Ryvarden

Manju IB Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh India- 160014

Email- Manjujaswal90gmailcom

Abstract

Wood rotting fungi are one of the important elements in forest ecosystem that shows the capacities of degrading and

mineralizing lignin as well as organic highly toxic and recalcitrant compounds Among the main categories of wood

rotting fungi brown rot and white rot fungi have the distinct enzymatic activities and bioactive potential which are being

increasingly utilized in variety of biotechnological applications such as wood and pulping textile and bioenergybiofuels

etc One of the economically important brown rot fungus Porostereumspadiceum (Pers) HjortstamampRyvarden was

qualitatively screened for production of Lignocellulolytic enzymes and Physiological studies were carried out for the

sameto investigate the effect of different basal media temperature pH and days of incubation on its mycelial growth and

sporulation Pure culture was obtained by single spore isolation and maintained on Malt Extract Agar at plusmn4˚C for further

studies It was found to be positive for the production of both ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymesThe physiological

studies indicate that the Basal medium composition temperature pH and days of incubation have a significant effect on

mycelialgrowth however the fungus does not sporulate in any of these experiments The optimum Mycelial growth was

observed on Glucose-Peptone medium at 28˚C with pH of 4 Maximum growth was obtained after 20 days Such studies

are a pre-requisite for commercial exploitation of fungi for ligno-cellulolytic enzymes and bioactive molecules

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 32

Mobile App using ASTM System of Soil Classification

Roushan Kumar1 Rakesh Kumar Dutta

1 Kamlesh Dutta

2

1 Department of Civil Engineering

2 Department of Computer Science amp Engineering National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (HP) India

1 roushank76kgmailcom

1rkdnithacin

2kdnithacin

Abstract

Soil classification is one of the important aspects of Geotechnical engineering There are various soil classification

systems available in the literature The classification of soil is based on a set of variable which can be determined

experimentally Different system uses a different set of variables as the basis for the classification of soil The

classification systems available in literature are usually represented in the form of a tables or graphs or flow charts

Further to classify the soil one has to refer to these tables and graphs manually leading erroneous classification of soils

In order to eliminate human error in classifying the soil and referring to tables or graphs a mobile app (an application)

has been developed and demonstrated for the soil classification in this paper

Keywords Soil classification mobile app JAVA programming soil classification systems

Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Water ndash a Way to Reduce Different Contaminants

Lekh Raj Sharma Satish Kumar Sharma Prof MR Sharma Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University

Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Water quality of different sources is degrading day by day due to pollution Reverse osmosis (RO) systems can improve

the quality of drinking water The reverse osmosis water treatment method has been used extensively to convert brackish

or seawater to drinking water to clean up wastewater and to recover dissolved salts from industrial processes It is

becoming more popular in the home market as homeowners are increasingly concerned about contaminants that affect

their health as well as about non-hazardous chemicals that affect the taste odor or color of their drinking water People

considering the installation of a water treatment system to reduce toxic chemicals should first have their water tested to

determine how much if any hazardous compounds are in the water Public water supplies are routinely monitored and

treated as required under the federal Water Act and state regulations Private water systems should be tested at the

ownerrsquos initiative based on knowledge of land use and contamination incidents in the area

The paper discussed the RO process design efficiency maintenance of RO system It also describes how to choose an

RO system for your home and its effectiveness

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 33

New Records of Hyphomycetous Fungi from Himachal Pradesh

R K Verma and I B Prasher

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory Department of Botany Panjab University Chandigarh

Email vermarajnish1985gmailcom

Abstract

Himachal Pradesh with its varied climate forest types altitude and topography supports much diversified mycoflora The

forests of H P which were not explored earlier were surveyed for hyphomycetes colonizing fallen leaves litter twigs

and bark of the trees It is interesting to note that the survey has resulted in the documentation of 6 hyphomycetous fungi

vizAcrodictyspapillata Cheiromycesindicus Curvularia geniculate Dendryphionnanum Monodictysnitens and

Tetraploa aristatawhich are first time reported from Himachal Pradesh

Antimicrobial Peptides Alternative Therapy

Avantika Sharma1 Praveen Rishi

2 Rupinder Tewari

1

1Department of Microbial Biotechnology

2Department of Microbiology Panjab University Chandigarh India

E-mail avantikasharma2000yahoocom

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of compounds which have received increasing attention as potential

therapeutic agents AMPs are small positively charged amphipathic molecules of variable length sequence and structure

with activity against a wide range of microorganisms In the present study seven AMPs were selected to test their

efficacy against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii However high cost of synthesis of AMPs has led to

development of computational tools to predict biological and physicochemical properties of AMPs A comparative

analysis between the activity of seven anti-Acinetobacter peptides in vitro with in silico prediction tools has been done

The results of DBAASP server and updated SVMRF algorithms of CAMP server correlated with in vitro results

regarding the AMPnon-AMP character of anti-Acinetobacter peptides The results of DBAASP server and updated SVM

correlated with in vitro MIC50 values of two AMPs The effect of biophysical properties of peptides on antimicrobial

activity suggested the importance of amphipathicity more than spatial arrangement and charge of the peptides No

correlation was observed between the activity of peptides and hydropathy It is suggested that in silico tools can be used

for predicting the antimicrobial nature of the peptides but further refinements in the serversalgorithms are needed

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 34

Face Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network Approaches

Shabnam Thakur Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Emailshabnam76varshagmailcom

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition has been identified as one of the attracting research areas and it has drawn the attention of

many researchers due to its varying applications such as security systems medical systems entertainment etc Face

recognition is the preferred mode of identification by humans it is natural robust and non-intrusive A wide variety of

systems requires reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual

requesting their services The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a

legitimate user and no one else Examples of such applications include secure access to buildings computer systems

laptops cellular phones and ATMs In the absence of robust personal recognition schemes these systems are vulnerable

to the wiles of an impostor

Here I developed and illustrated a recognition system for human faces using a novel Kohonen self-organizing

map (SOM) SOM has good feature extracting property due to its topological ordering The Facial Analytics results for

the images of ATampT database reflects that the face recognition rate using one of the neural network algorithm SOM is

855 This review investigates all these methods with parameters that challenges face recognition like illumination

pose variation facial expressions

Structural and Magnetic Study of Mg09Mn01ndxfe2-Xo4 Nanoferrites Synthesized Via Solution

Combustion Technique

Somnath Thakur1

Indu Sharma1

Gagan Kumar

2 M Singh

3 R K Kotnala

4

1Department of Physics Carrier Point University Hamirpur India

2Department of Physics IEC University Atal Nagar Kallujhanda Baddi India

3Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Shimla 171005 India

4CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr K S Krishnan Road New Delhi 110012 India

Corresponding author E-mail somnaththakurlivegmailcom

Abstract

Nanocrystalline Nd3+

substituted Mg-Mn ferrites Mg09Mn01NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 01 02 and 03) have been synthesized by

the solution combustion technique The phase purity and surface morphology of the samples are investigated using X-ray

diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively In past some researchers have reported the

weakening of super-exchange interactions with the substitution of rare-earth ions and many have claimed the increasing

trend in the super-exchange interactions Therefore we aimed to understand the effect of Nd3+

ions on the exchange

interactions in details Since the Moumlssbauer spectroscopy is one of the important techniques which can measure the

comparatively weak interactions between the nucleus and the surrounding electrons therefore in the present work we

have carried out Moumlssbauer spectroscopy analysis

Keywords Solution combustion method Moumlssbauer spectroscopy M-H

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 35

Reference

[1] Gagan Kumar J Shah R KKotnala V PSingh Sarveena G Garg Sagar E Shirsath

K M Batoo M Singh Materials Research Bulletin 63 216-225 2015

[2] Gagan Kumar R Rani V Singh S Sharma K M Batoo M Singh Advanved

Materials Letters 4(9) 682-687 2013

[3] S E Shirsath R H Kadam S M Patange M L Mane A Ghasemi A Morisako

Applied Physics Letters 100 042407-042410 2012

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Different Pipe Heat Exchangers A Review

Sartaj Singh Saurabh Kango Rahul Jamwal SVaibhav Shashi Kant Thakur

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCareer Point UniversitHamirpur (HP) India

sartajsingh2311gmailcom

Abstract

Thermal performance of many heat transfer devices is a challenge and can be improved by using various heat transfer

enhancement techniques There are many type of heat transfer devices called heat exchangers which are being used since

decades for cooling applications and the characteristics of heat transfer in these devices will affect their overall

performance This paper summarizes the effects of various parameters and different properties which affect the heat

transfer rate in different helical and double pipe heat exchanger

Index TermsmdashHeat transfer Thermal conductivity nanofluids

Performance Characteristics of Porous Journal Bearings A General Review

Somesh Dhiman1 Yogesh Dhiman

1 Nitin Sharma

2 and Saurabh kango

3

1Department of mechanical engineering

2Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Arni University-

Kathgarh Indora Kangra (HP) India

3 Assistant Professor Department of mechanical engineering Career Point University- Hamirpur (HP) India

Email ID- nitinsharmanithgmailcom

Abstract

Porous journal bearings are mainly used in low load and high speed applications The main objective of this article is

to summarize the information available related to the performance outcome of lubrication characteristics of porous

journal bearings The article mainly focuses on the recent research findings associated with lubricant rheologies

Moreover the review contributes on forecast of porous bearing behavior as a function of various bearing parameters A

particular attention is given to reported analytical numerical and experimental observation various fluid models

involved and available prediction methodologies to get some concise conclusions The study reveals that the non-

Newtonian rhelogies highly enhance bearing performance behaviors

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 36

A Review on Virtual Grid Based Dynamic Routes Adjustment in WSN

Abhitesh Abhinav Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

abhitesh111gmailcom abhinavshrm993gmailcom

Abstract

In wireless sensor network using the sink mobility has been considered as a decent procedure to adjust the hubs or

nodes energy dissipation In spite of its various favorable circumstances the information scattering to the portable sink is

a testing assignment for the asset obliged sensor hubs because of the element system topology created by the sink

portability For effective information conveyance hubs need to reproduce their courses toward the most recent area of the

versatile sink which undermines the vitality protection objective As examined already a virtual grid based dynamic

routes adjustment (VGDRA) scheme that aims to minimize the routes reconstruction cost of the sensor nodes while

maintaining nearly optimal routes to the latest location of the mobile sink We propose a set of communication rules that

governs the routes reconstruction process thereby requiring only a limited number of nodes to readjust their data delivery

routes toward the mobile sink Simulation results demonstrate reduced routes reconstruction cost and improved network

lifetime of the VGDRA scheme when compared with existing work In this review we analyze the some latest

techniques for life time improvement in WSN Virtual Grid based Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed

for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data

delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to the low-cost theme of WSN Virtual Grid based

Dynamic Routes Adjustment (VGDRA) is proposed for periodic data collection from WSN The aims to optimize the

trade-off between nodes energy consumption and data delivery performance using a single mobile sink while adhering to

the low-cost theme of WSN

KeywordsmdashRoutes reconstruction mobile sink energy efficiency wireless sensor network

Voyager The Interstellar mission A Review

Prikshit Singh MS Prasad

Amity Institute of Space Science amp TechnologyAmity University Noida UP

prikshitsinghsadragmailcom

Abstract

Voyager 1 amp Voyager 2 were enacted by NASA in two separate months in the summer of 1977 from Cape Canaveral

Fla Voyagers were designed to investigate close-up studies of Jupiter amp Saturn It was originally created to deeply study

the Saturns rings and bigger moons of both Jupiter amp Saturn Since 1977 the duo voyager have explored four planets so

far and the spacecraft Voyager 1 is currently moving through the space between stars The present review summarises

that the Voyager spacecrafts were built jto last just 5 years and travel 10 AU to accomplish their two planet mission

Meanwhile the satellite was accomplishing its task it has been absorbed that the voyager system still capable of

exploring the verge of our solar system so the scientists let the mission went on and now the voyager 1 is about to leave

beyond our solar system and expected to work till 2022 The Voyager 2 is also active on the mission with different

trajectory and some years behind to the Voyager 1

Keywords-Termination Shock (TS) Heliopause (HP) Heliosheath (HSH) Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator

(RTG) Solar Wind (SW) Ultra-Voilet Spectrometer (UVS) Canopus Star Tracker (CST) Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)

High Gain Antenna (HGA) Interplanetary Monitoring Platform (IMP)

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 37

Thermohydraulic Performance Analysis Due To Relative Roughness Pitch in V-Rib With

Symmetrical Gap Roughened Duct Of Solar Air Heater

Rajesh Maithania

Sunil Chamolia Anil Kumar

b

aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering DIT University DehradunUttarakhand

bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Shoolini University Solan Himanchal Pradesh

E-mail rajeshmaithani1gmailcom

Abstract

The present work investigates the thermohydraulic performance of a solar air heater ducts artificially roughened with V-

rib with symmetrical gaps is determined Symmetrical gaps are attached on each limb of the V-ribs For simulating

experimental indoor investigation of solar air heater duct the test surface of duct is heated by means of an electric heater

which supplies constant heat flux of 1000 Wm2 Both the roughness parameters number of gaps (Ng) and relative gap

width (ge) values varies from 1-5 angle of attack (α) ranges from 30deg to 75deg and relative roughness pitch (Pe) is

selected in the range of 6-12 The thermohydraulic performance parameter was maximum for Pe=10 α=60deg Ng=3 and

ge=4 A set of parameter showing maximum Thermohydraulic parameter was compared with the previous researchers

Keywords Nusselt number friction factor relative roughness pitch thermohydraulic performance parameter

Energy Efficient Sensor Network Using Distance Aware Intelligent Clustering (DAIC)

Ankit Roy Shilpa Jaswal

Department of Electronics amp Communication Engineering career Point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract ndash The Major issue in wireless sensor network is to minimize the sensor network lifetime and the best energy

efficient protocol for this purpose are LEACHLEACHCEEEAC and BDDCP These protocols are more energy efficient

than that of flat routing protocol These routing protocol have some drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in

cluster head (CH) due to the different transmission distance from CH to base station Due to these drawbacks we can use

another protocol name as distance aware intelligent clustering (DAIC) It uses to minimize the energy consumption in

network In this we can use the concept of dividing the network into tires and selecting the high energy node as a cluster

head (CH) at the nearest distance from the base station

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 38

SEM Studies of CdZnS Thin Films

Zinia Chauhan Preeti Deepak Raj Mindu Dorji Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdZnS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdZnS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate zinc acetate thiourea

and triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia SEM micrographs showed that the grains

of CdZnS thin films possess flowery pattern This indicates that the CdZnS grows in layered structure with CBD

technique It has also been observed that the doping concentration of Zn do not affect the morphology (layered growth in

the form of flowers) of CdZnS grains in thin film samples The EDAX (electron diffraction analysis of X-rays) spectra

have also been recorded in order to find the elemental compositions in the thin film samples The EDAX spectrum

showed that the amount of Zn in CdZnS thin films was of desired value

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Crystalline Cds Thin Films

Tek Nath Dorji Chozom Sonam Dorji Tashi Dawa Harmeet Bhuller Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Physics A P Goyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail u_vermayahoocom

Abstract

The study of surface morphology of CdS thin films grown on microscopic glass slides by Chemical Bath Deposition

(CBD) process CdS thin films have been grown at 60ordmC temperature using cadmium acetate thiourea and

triethanolamine The pH of solution was maintained at 11 using ammonia From the SEM micrographs it is observed

that the lsquoas-grownrsquo film is uniform throughout without any void pinhole or cracks and cover the substrate

wellAnnealing depending on the annealing temperature causes the changes in material structure nature of distribution

of the nanoparticlescrystallites in the film material density desorption of volatile impurities from the film surface etc

To study the dependence of the surface morphology of the CdS thin films upon annealing temperature the SEM images

were taken for the CdS thin films annealed at different temperatures A significant modification in the surface

morphology of the CdS films is evident from the SEM image which shows that the surface morphology changes with the

post deposition annealing Small nanosized grains engaged in a fibrous like structure which clearly indicates the

nanocrystalline nature of grown films

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 39

SEM Studies of Zno Nano Particles

Vikas Thakur Sonam Zangpo Chandra Bdr Pradhan Manisha Priyanka Tonk Urvashi Verma

Department of Applied Sciences Manav Rachana University Faridabad Haryana

Department of physics APGoyal University Shimla (HP)

E-mail vikasthakurugmailcom

Abstract

ZnO is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of ~337 eV at room temperature and 344 eV at low temperatures

ZnO exhibits strong electron-polariton interactions and has been identified as the most suitable semiconductor for room

temperature polariton lasers Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals were prepared using a wet chemical route starting from zinc

acetate dihydrate dissolved in pure ethanol pure water and mixtures of ethanol and water

SEM studies confirm the formation of nanoparticles SEM studies show that ZnO particles grown in pure ethanol pure

water and in ethanolndashwater mixtures (other than the 14 mixture) have similar morphology with the nanocrystals forming

randomly grouped clusters In the case of 14 solvent however the morphology is different ZnO in this case growing in

the form of chain like structures which appear like rods

Study of Shear Strength of Steel fibrous Concrete T-Beam without Shear Stirrups

DK Gautam

Department of Civil Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

A study on shear strength of steel fibrous concrete T-beam without shear stirrups was made under slow cyclic loading

Experimental Investigations have been made to study the behavior of ldquoshear strength steel fibrous concrete T-beam with

no stirrupsrdquo when tested under slow cyclic loading In all eight T-beams of size Flange width= 206mm Overall depth =

304mm Depth of flange = 57mm Effective depth= 254mm were tested In this study plain mild steel fibers and volume

percentage of fibers was kept 0 03 05 and 07 respectively The aim was to eliminate shear stirrups by using

suitable percentage of fibers It was determined that by adding 07 of volume fibers the shear stirrups in the beam can

be nearly replaced because the shortfall in the shear capacity was to the tune of 2038 which could be easily recovered

by using steel fibers volume of 08 instead of 07 by using MS steel fibers appearance of cracks had been

considerably reduced The post checking behavior had also been improved due to cracks arresting phenomenon The

deflections of the beam were appreciably reduced due to presence of steel fibers Presence of 07 of MS fibers by

volume had just replaced the plain beam both in load carrying capacity and shear strength In future additional work is

recommended in studying the greater number of specimens and the cost effect may also be studied as the fibers which are

not available easily as compared to conventional reinforcement but it reduces or completely eliminate the stirrups

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 40

Analysis of Thermoelastic Response in Functionally Graded Continua

Krishna C Mishra

Department of Mathematics Career Point University Hamirpur 176041 HP India

Email kcm80rediffmailcom

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of thermoelastic response in a functionally graded continuum in the context of

generalized theory of thermoelasticity with one relaxation time (LS model) Laplace transform technique has been

employed to obtain analytical solution The thermoelastic response in a semi-inifinite medium composed of functionally

graded materials whose boundary is subjected to a sudden thermal shock are solved by these analytical solutions Some

important phenomena involving the propagation of heat signal with a finite speed even the jumps locating each

wavefront have been obtained The comparison with the results for different values of inhomogeneity parameter has also

been performrd to evaluate the effect of graded material properties on thermoelastic response The closed-form solution

for thermoelastic response of FGMs has been obtained The explicit expressions of wave propagation as well as the

magnitudes of peak stresses locating at the each wavefront can be obtained by these analytical solutions which can

clearly reveal the propagations of heat signal and very important to evaluate the second sound effect induced by finite

propagation velocity Meanwhile the mathematical relations between each physical quantity and material parameters are

also obtained which is also important to evaluate the thermo-mechanical properties of FGMs in severe temperature

environments

Review of Conductivity in Organic Semiconductors

Navdeep Sharma1

Dr Atul Kapil 2

1 Department of Applied Science APGoyal Shimla University-171009 (H P) India

2Department of Physics Career Point University ndash Hamirpur (HP)

E-mail sharmanavdeep1gmailcom

Abstract

Conducting polymers opened the way to progress in understanding the fundamental behaviour of π-bonded

macromolecules An evidence for disruption in π -conjugation upon increase in doping is evidenced by changes in

characteristics bands in Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy Magically achieving a new generation

polymers exhibited the electrical and optical properties of metal or semiconductors and retained many attractive

properties Conducting polymers such as polypyrroles polythiophenes and polyanilines have been projected for wide

range applications such as optical electronic drug-delivery memory and biosensing devices etc Quest for finding the

reason behind such chemistry is uncovered by using Mottrsquos three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH)

conductivity model Luttinger liquid Wigner crystal etc to the interpretation of the experimental data on the electronic

transport in polymers

Key Words Conducting Polymers FT-IR Electrical Conductivity Variable Range Hopping

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 41

Hybrid Concrete ndash A Material of the Future

D R Sharma MR Sharma

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur (HP)

drsharmacegmailcom

Abstract

Concrete is the most versatile material used in construction in general and rigid pavements in particular Pavements made

of concrete are very durable and has remarkable application under heavy traffic loading Though the rigid pavements

have several advantages it suffers from major disadvantages Concrete is weak in resisting tensile forces Hence it

cracks easily under low level tensile stresses The demand for repair is growing every day because of cracking in the

normal concrete (NC) pavement Adequate repair of this pavement is harder in case of degradation or damage Another

main concern about concrete pavement is its brittleness The higher the strength of concrete the lower is its ductility

This inverse relation between strength and ductility is a serious drawback when using concrete as a pavement material

This emphasized the urgency to secure technologies for increase in compression flexural strength tensile strength and to

improve the modulus of elasticity of concrete The paper discusses how hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength

marginally as compared to mono fibers Whereas hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength

noticeably

Health risk assessment based on radioactivity Measurement in Soil Samples Collected from

Some Areas of Mandi District in Himachal Pradesh

Jitender Kumara Naveen Thakur

a Pradeep Katnauria

a Reetika Bhadwal

a Gulshan Kumar

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh INDIA

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh INDIA

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

Background Radon is primary cause of Lung Cancer in non-smokers it is formed in decay chain of Uranium The

measurement of Radon has been carried out in Talali region in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh to assess the Health

Risk in the study area Materials and Methods Soil samples have been collected by using Grab Sampling Technique and

further tested for radioactivity by Sealed Can Technique Results Radium concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates has

been measured and Strong positive correlation is observed between radium concentration area exhalation rate and mass

exhalation rate Parameters calculated form collected data have been presented graphically and discussed Conclusion

The results reveal that area is safe as far as health hazards effects of radium and radon exhalation rate are concerned

Keywords Lung Cancer LR-115 Type II Detector Sealed Can Technique

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 42

Radioactivity Measurements along Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh

Naveen Thakura

Jitender Kumara Babita Thakur

a Reetika Bhadwal

a KC Thakur

b Yachana Sharma

b

aCareer Point University Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India

bGovt College Sarkaghat Mandi Himachal Pradesh India

Email jitenderapdgmailcom

Abstract

The present work is devoted to measure radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected along

Jwalamukhi Thrust in Himachal Pradesh India Radon is a colorless odorless and tasteless gas It can be found in the

soil because of decay from the parent element Uranium and Radium α-particles emitted by its short lived decay products

can damage the cellular DNA Various studies have established radon as a lung carcinogen Thus radon and radium

measurements are important form health point of view Sealed can technique using LR 115 plastic track detectors has

been used successfully to measure radium and radon exhalation rate Highest activity was found with radium

concentration The results reveal that radon gas is chemically unreactive with soil sample

Radium concentration was found with in safe limit

Keywords Radioactivity Radon Exhalation rate Radon Concentration LR-115 Detector

Heavy Metal Removal by Phytoremediation

Rakesh Garg Sukhwinder Singh MR Sharma

Department of Civil Engineering Career Point University Hamirpur(HP) India

Abstract

Due to rapid industrialization urbanization and increase in population the environment is flooded with very toxic and

hazarders matter and these are major challenges of this century All types of pollution affect the human life and natural

environment The term Phytoremediation is men engineered use of microbes and plants to remove environmental

pollutants present in soil or water it is an eco-sustainable green alternative for the conventional clean up technologies

that often require heavy capital investment labor and energy It is an in-situ remediation technology It utilizes the

inherent potential of the plants for remediation of toxic heavy metals such as Cd Cr Ni Hg and As

Most of the heavy metals are highly toxic and non biodegradable The paper discusses the Phytoremediation technology

which is a suitable approach for restoration of heavy metal free environment

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 43

Economic Analysis of Rural Roads Incorporating Social Benefits

Karan Thakur

Department of Management Career Point university Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

India is rural oriented economy with 74 of its population living rural areas and 28 of its GDP is being contributed

by agriculture India is pursuing a program for connecting its entire village by all weather roads Pradhan Mantri

Gramin Sadak Yogna aim of connecting destination with population above 500 A large percentage of existing roads

length at present is in poor state after years neglect in maintenance and up keep according to rough estimate an

expenditure about 2 lakh crore is requirement to the years 2020 This is large investment economic consideration of

paramount importance in the selection of appropriate design standard for rural roads The paper discuss the various

factors affecting the EIRR value like analysis period Maintenance strategy adopted and different level of investment

per unit population The need to quantify the social benefit in the economic term has been brought out

Key Words Economy Benefit Investment Population

Web Mining Concept Classification and Major Research Issues

Praveen Kumari Pooja Ranout Nitin

Department of Computer Science amp Engineering Career point University Hamirpur (HP) India

Abstract

Web is a collection of inter-related data or files one or more web server whereas web mining is the application of data

mining which is used to extract the valuable information from web database Web mining also provides better

performance system to end users to search for a particular thing and collect information regarding that thing by searching

throughout the web server Aim of this paper is to study about the concept classification of Web Mining and major

research issues in web mining web content mining web usage mining and web structure mining

Keywords Web Web Mining Web Content mining Web usage Mining Web Structure mining and Major Research

Issues

Comparative Insect Growth Regulators Effect Of Two Sulfonamide Series on Galleria

Mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) ndash New Approach towards Development Of Ecofriendly

Pesticides

Priyanka Sharma1 Sunil Thakur

3 Pamita Awasthi

2

1Department of Chemistry Career Point University Hamirpur HP-176041

2Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Hamirpur HP-177005

3Nematologist Institute of Environmental Science and Biotechnology HP - 177001

Email priyankahmrgmailcom

Abstract

The biological part of this investigation is focused on testing the bio efficacy of the designed and synthesized series of

JHAs structures for the possible application as biochemically targeted insect harmonogen agent The structures of these

new compounds were assigned on the basis of a detailed NMR analysis of their 1H and

13C NMR spectra The biological

part of this investigation is focused on introductory biological screening tests with these compounds against Galleria

mellonella (the wax comb) The biological activity of these JHAs (N1-N10) was studied in relation to the different

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect

P a g e | 44

functionality attachedpresent in their structures Notable biological activity was found for N1 and N4 the JHAs with G

mellonella Both analogs (N1 amp N4) had a significant effect on larval mortality compared with their controls among the

concentration including a dose dependent relationship Analog N2 and N7 showed the lowest activity with G mellonella

Comparison among LC50 and LC90 values using fiducial limits showed that analogs of the 1st series (N1-N4) and seems to

be more potent in comparison to 2nd

series (N5-N10) should be used in a pesticidal program to control wax moth

In concern to quality and safety of life on controlling wax moth strategy has shifted steadily from the use of conventional

chemicals to alternative eco friendly IGRs that are target-specific biodegradable and environmentally safe

Keywords Galleria mellonella Juvenile Hormone Analogs Insect Growth Regulators Integrated Pest Management

Effect of Pb Doping on Temperature Dependent Electrical Parameters of Amorphous Se-Te

Semiconductors

Anjali1 Madhu Dadhwal

2 Balbir Singh Patial

3 Nagesh Thakur

1

1 Department of Physics Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171 005 HP India

2Department of Mathematics RKMV Shimla 171001 HP India

3 Department of Physics Govt College Sunni District Shimla HP - 171 301 India

E-mail bspatialgmailcom

Abstract

In the present study the dc conductivity of Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0 1 and 2) glassy alloys has been measured in the

temperature range 298ndash318K and in the voltage range 0-180V The I-V characteristics indicate that an ohmic behavior is

observed at low electric field However at high electric field non-ohmic behavior is observed The activation energy

(ΔE) and pre-exponential factor (σо) has been derived from temperature dependence of the dc conductivity which

indicates that conduction may be due to thermally assisted tunneling of charge carriers in the localized states present in

the band tails The space charge limited conduction is seemed to be absent in present investigated glassy alloys as ln(IV)

versus V curves are nearly found to be a straight but slope of these curves do not decreases linearly with temperature

However the linear relation between ln(I) against V12

confirms that the conduction is either of Poole-Frenkel type or

Schottky emission A detailed analysis shows that dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction

Keywords Glassy alloys dc conductivity activation energy charge carrier concentration Poole-Frenkel effect schottky

effect