NETWORKING

By: Nour Altounji 10DD

Network

• A network is a collection of computers connected by communication channels that allows you to share information.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network

Standalone

• Is a computer software that can work offline. It does not require a network connection.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standalone_software

LAN

• Local Area Network. Is a computer network that connects computers in a limited area.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_area_network

WAN

• Wide Area Network. Is a telecommunication network that covers a broad area.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_area_network

LAN

Advantages 1. Easy to share devices

(printers & scanners)

2. Easy to share data (homework, pictures)

3. Cost is low for LAN setup

Disadvantages1. Required to be on at all

times

2. Each computer can be easy to access for hackers\

3. The area covered is limited.

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_having_a_LAN

Cabled LAN

• Cabled networks are faster and more secure. But it is a lot harder to set up than wireless LAN.

1. unshielded twisted pair 2. Shielded twisted pair3. Coaxial cable 4. Fibre optic cable

http://www.astahost.com/info/tcmfl-wired-lan-wireless.html

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Different_types_of_cable_used_in_LAN

Hardware that is essential for a computer to be connected to LAN

• Router• Modem• Computer• Os system• Ethernet/fiber optics cables

http://en.kioskea.net/contents/configuration-reseau/creer-reseau-local.php3

LAN Topologies

• The computers on a local area network must be connected via some way of networking medium. This medium serves as the channel where the network signal is transmitted. It must has an appropriate layout.

3 structures of topologies

• Star topology: are all connected together

• Ring topology: are all connected in a loop

• Bus topology: connects all networked devices to a single continuous cable.

http://homepages.uel.ac.uk/u0212068/topologies.htm

BUS TOPOLOGY

Advantages• It’s easy to set up

and extended.

• Not very expensive.

Disadvantages• There’s a limit to the

central cable length.

• The efficiency decreases as more devices connect.

http://www.ianswer4u.com/2011/05/bus-topology-advantages-and.html#axzz1u58hLmiQ

STAR TOPOLOGY

Advantages • Easy to connect new

devices.

• Centralized management, easy to monitor all devices.

• Failure of one device doesn’t affect the rest.

Disadvantages• If centralized devices fails,

the rest fail.

• The size is very limited.

• If the server is slow, the devices will be slow.

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/star-topology-advantages-and-disadvantages.html

http://www.ianswer4u.com/2011/05/star-topology-advantages-and.html#axzz1u58hLmiQ

Wireless LAN

• A Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) allows a mobile device to connect to a local area network through wireless (radio) connection.

http://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/definition/wireless-LAN

WAN

• Wide Area Network is a telecommunication network that covers a broad are.

• EG: Internet. A WAN is a network, which spans a wide area and transmits data using common communication links such as telephone lines, microwave links, and satellite channels. The Internet is the most popular and largest Wide Area Network.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_area_network

What is a Data Transmission

• Is the physical transfer of data, through a specific route that is set for it.

• EG: wireless communication channels, and the data is represented as an electromagnetic signal.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_transmission

Clients

• Is an application or system that accesses a service made available by a server.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client_(computing)

Server

• A server is a computer program me running to serve the requests of other programs.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_(computing)

Client/server networks

• Is a relationship between two programs. The client makes a service request. The server fulfills this request.

http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/client-server

Peer-to-peer network

• Is a computer network where each computer in the network can act as a server or client, for other computers in the network, allowing information to be shared

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer-to-peer

BANDWITH

• The amount of bits allowed to pass through the network.

Narrowband

• One that does not exceed any peripherals

BAUD

• A unit of data transmission speed for a modem of one bit per second.

• Refers to one way communication in which one side it’s the transmitter and the other is the receiver.

Half duplex line

simplex line

• Refers to a two way communication where only one side can transmit data

Full duplex line• Is a two way

communication, both sides can transmit and receive data at the same time