o

(:)

o

A new approach to protectionof railway feeders andcontact lines

A multitude of protection systems

The 500 Series line proteCtion system has esta-blished a new concept in protection of 50 and60 Hz power systems by offering a variety ofproteCtion configurations. They can be combin-ed with fibre-optic sensors to achieve maximumperformance with minimum compromise in dif-ferent network and line configurations.

At the limits of capacity

The basic and most important function in lineprotection is always the clearing of power systemfaults, whereby the faulty section is disconnectedfrom the network.

In many cases, transmission ~stems forrailway networ~ operate at the limits of theirtechnical capacity. A fault in an important partcan have severe consequences for the system as awhole if the total fault clearing time is too long.Top priority is given to reducing the risk of lossof stability, and in this context, the minimumoperating time for a protection device is a vitalpiece of data. However, the maximum possibleoperating time and the breaker operating timeare the most important items of informationand are in fact the only relevant considerationwhen discussing system stability when faultsarise.

Expanding the 500 Series, ABB NetworkPartner AB now offers a new line protection ter-minal, the REL 517, for protection of railwaytransmission and contact lines. The REL 517 isthe result of the vast knowledge gained in thedevelopment of the current 500 Series productsand the past decade's experience from themanufacture of railway transmission line protec-tion systems.

Increased risk of interference

The demands imposed on protective devices for162/3 Hz feeders and contact overhead lines inrailway systems are determined by the characte-ristics of the power unit, locomotive or railcardrive system, and by the characteristics and ope-ration of the power supply, for example whetherdealing with static or moving converters. Newtypes of high-speed train and morf powerfultractive tillits may cause excessive current peaks.Due to reinforcement and meshing of the rail-way network, short-circuit currents also increase.Both circumstances, unacceptable high-Ioad cur-rents and high short-circuit currents, must bedetected promptly and cut out of the networkto prevent damage to the overhead lines or, in aworst-case scenario, burning of these lines. Suchquick detection and prompt action helps reducethe amount of line disruption and its duration.Digital protection satisfies the stringent require-ments placed on effective protection of railwaynetworks.

The railway power supplysystem includes two typesof power lines:-contact lines (single-con..

-supply lines (single andtwo-conductor system)REL 517 can protect bothtypes at system voltagesfrom 10 to 130 (300) kV,and is applicable for bothoverhead lines and under-ground cables.

Fault locator

The highly accurate fault locator is based on aweIl-proven algorithm which has long been usedin 50 and 60 Hz systems. Phasors of line cur-rents and volrages are recorded for prefault andfault conditions for the last three distUrbances.These phasors can be read both locally and

remotely.The characteristic of the

distance protection syste-m's zones. Each zone canbe selected at will -for-wards, reverse or non-

directional.

Distance protection

The main protection facility in REL 517 is afull scheme distance protection device featUringthree impedance measuring wnes with quadrila-teral characteristic. The settings for each wneare 6xed entirely independendy with regard to:.reactive and resistive reach.earth retUrn compensation factor.directionality of all zonesScheme communication logic is available for thedistance protection device. The logic is user-pro-grammable to perrnit applications for permissi-ble overreach and underreach schemes as weIl asblocking schemes.

Event recording

A complete set of signals for the last three dis-turbances is stored in the internal memory. Upto 150 time-tagged events are available for eachrecorded disturbance, with a time resolution ofI ms.

Sudden current ch ange

In railway systems it is sometimes difficult todistinguish between a fault and an acceleratingtrain. In both cases the impedance might enterinto the time-delayed zones. The difference bet-ween the two can be distinguished by the sud-den current change function which operates forfaults bur not for loads caused by the train.

Service values

Service values of current, vol tage, active andreactive power and frequency are available asweIl as all actual binary input values and all

internallogical signals.

Disturbance recorder

A minimum lOs of total recording time is avai-lable for up to 5 analogue and 20 binary signals.The memory is retained even if the auxiliaryvoltage is disconnected. The evaluating software,REVAL, operates under MS Windows.

Remote communicationREL 517 can communicate with SCS (Sub-station Controi Systems) and/or SMS (Sub-station Monitoring Systems) via Olle or twOcommunication ports. Communication is basedon the SPA or LON comrnunication protocol.Jt may be used for remote monitoring purposes,including setting and reading of all available

parameters.

Setting groups

Four independent groups of setting parametersare available to adapt the protection system tochanges in nerwork conditions. The active set-ting group can be selected with the aid of aman-machine communication unit, a personalcomputer (PC) or binary inputs.

Thermal overload

To prevent the line from being overheated, athermal overload function can be included.Since the maximum allowable load -and there-fore also the line's absolute temperature -is afunction of ambient temperature, it is possibleto compensate for this.

Earth fault overcurrent protection

The directional or non-directional earth faultovercurrent protection system operates as a com-plementary function to distance protection. Theearth fault overcurrent protection is availablewith definite or inverse time delay. Measure-ments in forward and reverse direction are eva-luated separatdy. Communication schemesindependent of the distance protection are inte-grated. Current measurement can be stabilisedby a second harmonic component.

Auto-reclosingA multishot auto-reclosing system with up tofour programmable shots and six different reclo-sing programs is available.

.

...

..

ooo

REL 517

Line Protection Terminalfor Railway Feeders andContact Lines

Functionality

The structure of REL 517 is based on themulti-processor principle, where options areadded in separate signal processors. As a result,the number of options included does not affectthe operating time of the protection function.All options are handled by dedicated signal pro-cessors which execute in parallel with the distan-ce measurement processors.

All binary inputs are freely programmablefor different functions. The binary outputs arealso fredy programmable so that any internalbinary signal can be connected to any output

relay.

.

DDDD

DD

Platform related functions

Self supervision and self diagnostic

External time synchronization

Four groups of setting parameters

Disturbance overview

Local Man-Machine-lntertace (MMI)

(also by means of PC)

Customer configuration possibilities

Remote communication with in the SMS

Remote communication with in the SCS

AdditionaiiiO units

Distance protection

Three distance protection zones

Sudden change in current

Automatic switch onto fault logic

Local acceleration logic

Scheme communication logic

Earth fault protection for solid ly earthed networks

Non-directional earth fault

overcurrent protection

Directional earth fault overcurrent protection

Directional earth fault overcurrent protection Built-in man-machine-interface (MMI:' unit forREL 517.

o

Each binary input and internallogical sig-nal can also be programmed to logical O or l.This feature makes it possible to test functionswithin the terminal and in the protected bay.The current service values for all binary inputsand internallogical signals are available locallyand remotely.

Tlffie synchronization of the internal clockis possible by means of communication via theSubstation ControI System or the SubstationMonitoring System, or by hard-wired minutepulse synchronization via the binary input.

Hardware characteristics

REL 517 is built into a case measuring 3/4 of a19" rack width and 6U height. Electrical con-nections are made by screw terminals at the rear.

A COMBITEST test switch is availableon request. The basic version has twelve outputcontacts and eight binary inputs. Additionalbinary inputs and output contacts are available.

Local Man-Machine-lnterface

REL 517 has a built in man-machine-interface(MM!) unit common to all functions with afour-line LCD and three LEDs. The informa-tion is presented in a functionally structuredmenu tree. A separate optical front connectionfor a PC is included. The information in the PCis the same as that obtained via the SubstationControI System or the Substation Monitoring

System.

Additional protection functionsBreaker failure protection DThermal overload protection DOvercurrent protection -time delayed DInstantaneous overcurrent protection DUnder-voltage and over..voltage protection DFuse failure supervision D

Automatic and controi functionsChange of active setting groupvia binary inputs .Restricted setting via local MMI unit .Multishot auto-reclosing D

Monitoring functionsMean values of measured quantities .Service va lues of all internai digital signals .Fault locator with current and voltage phasors DEvent recorder DDisturbance recorder D

.

Dbasic function

optional function

Operators in their controI rooms and/or controicentres have similar functions at their com-mand, when one communication port is con-neCted to the SPA (or LON) bus within theSCS system. Information from the terminals canprovide an instant overview of the protectionsystem and the process, revealing data such asinstantaneous current, voltage, power -bothactive and reactive -and frequency readouts.

It is possible to access the disturbancerecord files remotely and download them via thesubstation monitoring system (SMS) by usingSMSBASE. Evaluation of the disturbancerecords is possible by means of a PC-based eva-luator program.

All communication is performed bymeans of fibre-optic cables in order not to jeo-pardise the performance of the protection termi-nals, because afrer all, proteCtion is the majorissue.

The intelligent substation

The communication philosophy in the intelli-gent substation is of paramount importance inproviding the right information to the right per-son at the right time, and in a reliable war. Forthis reason the terminals in the 500 series can beequipped with two remote communication portswhich operate independently of each other,offering simultaneous communication with boththe Substation Controi System and theSubstation Monitoring System.

The Substation Controi and SubstationMonitoring systems enable both operating per-sonnel in their conttoi centres and relay engine-ers in their offices to read information from theterminal and change active setting groups as weIlas individual setting parameters within the set-

ting groups.A software program instalied in a personal

computer enables the felar engineer to commu-nicate with the protection system via the telep-hone network, read information from the relayon a PC screen, and store such information inPC files. Complete information covering the lastten disturbances is available as weIl as 150 time-tagged events.

tion, that is to say sub-sta-tion controi systems (SCS)or substation molnitoring

systems (SMS) al lied tolocal MMI, complementeach other to take care ofdifferent needs within thePYRAMID structure. Allcommunication takesplace via fibre-optics so asto avoid jeopardising thefunction of the protectionterminals.

Technical dataREL 517

).

J

Information about otherABB Network Pal1ner ABproducts mentiorled in thisbrochure can be obtainedin our catalogue. Pleasecontact us if you would likea copy.

7

Panorama enables the user to alwaysbe in perfect control of the power process,from generation to consumption.

Panorama is the complete conceptfor today and for the future, fromABB Network Partner.

Panorama is the ABB solution for effici-ent and reliable management of powernetworks.

Panorama stands for an open viewin all directions, utilizing innovativeinformation technology.

ABB Network Partner AB8-721 71 Västerås8wedenTel +4621 321300Fax +46 21 146918Internet: http://www.abb.se/net/8ENET.HTML

ABB Network Partner