A Patent Landscape of Distribution Service Innovation

*Hajime SASAKIIchiro SAKATA

Japan, The University of Tokyo,Todai Policy Alternatives Research Institute

IAMOT2010 Conference at Cairo, Egypt

Background ：

・ Service industries are growing up.・ Governments of major countries have been taking measures to promote service

engineering to support those industries.

Service industries are ・ less advanced in the establishment of definitions・ classification methods in comparison to manufacturing industries.ex) At the present day, IPC(international Patent Classification) which can identify service

industries is not exist.

Patent analysis is often employed as a methodology of trend survey of technology field.ThenIt is currently hard to learn how innovations are in service technologies from definition

and classification of patent information system.

Introduction

Purpose and Focus

Purpose:Try to extract • main technological fields and • recent technological trends of service industry using the method of natural language processing

analysis(TF/IDF) of patent gazette.

One of most major fields in Service industries

“Distribution Service”

We assume that it is impossible that identifying • a main technological fields by Extracting words that frequently appear in dataset•a recent technological trend by Extracting time-trend of these words.

Definition and Database

Extracted a total of 8,223 patents

Database ： WW patent gazette (17,905,611 records) (granted by 2009,8)USPTO (granted) CIPO (granted)

EPO (granted) KIPO (granted and examined)

JPO (granted)From isi thomson innovation ®

Definition:Patents include words “logistic”, “supply chain” or “value chain”In “title of the invention” or “abstract”as patent gazette related with “distribution service” in service industries.Query ：“logistic*” OR “supply chain*” OR “value chain*”

Top 10 inventor in dataset.

Silverbrook Resarch US ARMY US NAVY

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Timeline Trends (8,223patents)

• linear increase • The majority were submitted by US inventers each year

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IPC#1 G06Q 10/ 00 Administration, e.g. office automation or reservations; Management, e.g. resource or project#2 G06F 17/ 30 Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific

functions・Information retrieval; Database structures therefor#3 G06Q 30/ 00 Commerce, e.g. marketing, shopping, billing, auctions or e-commerce#4 G06F 19/ 00 Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific#5 G06F 17/ 00 Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific#6 G06Q 50/ 00 Systems or methods specially adapted for a specific business sector, e.g. health care, utilities,#7 H04L 29/ 06 Arrangements, apparatus, circuits or systems, not covered by a single one of groups·

Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol#8 G06F 15/ 16 Combinations of two or more digital computers each having at least an arithmetic unit, a

programme unit and a register, e.g. for a simultaneous processing of several programmes#9 G08B 13/ 14 Burglar, theft, or intruder alarms/Mechanical actuation/by lifting or attempted removal of hand-#10 G06F 07/ 00 Methods or arrangements for processing data by operating upon the order or content of the

G06F:Digital computing or dataprocessing equipment

G06Q:Methods or arrangements for processing data

Top 10 IPC （ International Patent Classification ）

　 word extraction by (TF/IDF)

measure of the importance of the term

measure of the general importance of the term

・ frequent repeats of certain word in a patent gazettes increase the TF/IDF value・ frequent repeats of index word in many documents reduce the value.

Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency

TfIdf= tf ・ idf

# word % # word % # word % # word %#1 Processes, Processing, Process 23.5 #26 Program 6.5 #51 Flow 4.5 #76 Rfid 3.3#2 Coded Data, Data 21.9 #27 Monitoring, Monitor 6.3 #52 Item 4.4 #77 Tool 3.3#3 Devices, Device 18.7 #28 Security 6.3 #53 Frequency 4.4 #78 Process Parameter, Parameter 3.3#4 Receives, Receiver, Receiving 18.2 #29 Detected Scene, Detection 6.2 #54 Tag 4.4 #79 Prepared, Preparation Process 3.3#5 Information 17.6 #30 Extending 6.1 #55 Pressure 4.4 #80 Image 3.2#6 Source Generates Interrogation 13.9 #31 Database 5.7 #56 Coded Data, Code 4.4 #81 Heat 3.2#7 Communications, Communication 13.5 #32 Mounted, Mounting 5.7 #57 Execution Rule, Execution 4.3 #82 Radio 3.2#8 Connected, Connection 13.1 #33 Input 5.7 #58 Memory 4.2 #83 Air 3.2#9 Products, Production, Product 13.1 #34 Output 5.6 #59 Body 4.1 #84 Transmission 3.2#10 Stored, Store 12.8 #35 Assembly 5.6 #60 Digital 4.0 #85 Housing 3.1#11 Computer 12.1 #36 Vehicles, Vehicle 5.6 #61 Available 4.0 #86 Established 3.1#12 Determining, Determines, Determined 11.3 #37 Attached 5.4 #62 Recording 4.0 #87 Interaction 3.0#13 User 10.7 #38 Identification 5.3 #63 Model 3.9 #88 Specified 3.0#14 Network 10.1 #39 Electrically, Electrical, Electric 5.3 #64 Customer 3.9 #89 Wireless 3.0#15 Management 10.0 #40 Indicating Data, Indicative 5.2 #65 Fluid 3.9 #90 Section 3.0#16 Methods 9.6 #41 Object 5.2 #66 Software 3.8 #91 Cells, Cell 2.9#17 Materials, Bill Materials, Material 9.5 #42 Power 5.1 #67 Gas 3.8 #92 Planning 2.9#18 Interrogation Signal, Signal 9.2 #43 Server 5.1 #68 Delivery 3.7 #93 Wall, Walls 2.9#19 Surface 8.5 #44 Display 5.0 #69 Processor 3.7 #94 Resource 2.9#20 Identifying, Identifier 7.9 #45 Tracking 4.9 #70 Rotating, Rotation 3.5 #95 Adjacent 2.9#21 Electronic 7.8 #46 Supply Chain, Chain 4.8 #71 Business 3.5 #96 Drive 2.8#22 Access 7.5 #47 Circuit 4.8 #72 Message 3.4 #97 Liquid 2.8#23 Transmitting 7.4 #48 Application Request, Request 4.7 #73 Reading 3.4 #98 Seal 2.8#24 Service 6.9 #49 Sensor 4.6 #74 Transaction 3.4 #99 Reader 2.8#25 Interface Surface, Interface 6.7 #50 Water 4.5 #75 Temperature 3.3 #100 Frame 2.7

TOP 50 words in Dataset (8,223patents)

G06F:Digital computing or dataprocessing equipment

G06Q:Methods or arrangements for processing data

Time series analysis 2003~2006 Top25 　年度（件

数）年度（件

数）年度（件

数）年度（件

数）2003 (772) % 2004(710) % 2005(654) % 2006(500) %

Coded Data 25 Coded Data 28 Devices 26 Devices 26Processes 20 Devices 25 Recieves 23 Coded Data 24Devices 20 Receives 23 Coded Date 23 Recieves 24Information 18 Information 22 Information 20 Processes 23Recieves 17 Processes 22 Processes 19 Information 22Computer 14 Products 17 Communication 16 Source Generate 18Communication 14 Source Generate 16 Determining 16 Rfid 17Methods 14 Determining 15 Computer 16 Tag 17Management 13 Computer 14 Stored 14 Interrogation 16Stored 13 Communication 13 Connected 12 Communication 16Products 13 Stored 13 Products 12 Stored 15Source Generate 13 Methods 12 Methods 12 Identification 14User 12 User 11 Interrogation 11 Connected 14Network 12 Identifying 11 Tag 11 Frequency 13Connected 12 Management 11 Sorce Generate 11 Determining 13Dtermining 12 Connected 10 Rfid 11 Products 13Identifying 9 Network 9 Identifying 10 Radio 13Interrogation 8 Monitoring 9 Network 10 Management 12Program 8 Surface 9 User 10 Method 11Service 8 Intterogation 9 Management 10 Transmitting 10Detected Scen 8 Interface 9 Program 10 Output 10Access 7 Identification 9 Identification 10 User 10Securyty 7 Sensor 8 Montoring 9 Materials 10Monitoring 7 Indicating Data 8 Transmitting 9 Network 10Transmitting 7 Electronic 7 Electronic 8 Antenna 9They appear for the 1st time during the year

RFID （ Radio-Frequency IDentification ）

・ First Technology related with RFID was invented in 1950s. It was for administration or management of firming animal in europe.Then RFID is relatively old technology.

→But, growing up in words.

・ is the use of an object (typically referred to as an RFID tag) applied to or incorporated into a product for the purpose of identification and tracking using radio waves. Recently used in

Payment by mobile phonesTransportation payments

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• Truly. increase exponentially• Made an interviews to RFID specialist…

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Time trend analysis (query:”RFID”)11,672 patents

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Time trend analysis (query:”RFID”)

Existing technology ＋ social action Innovation⇒

Nov. ’03 EPC global was founded

Cooperation stimulates Competition

Conclusion• confirmed the trends with applications for approval of these patents,

identifying the corresponding categories of technology in the IPC.• confirmed a rapid growth in RFID, which has been attracting attention of

many recently from a timeline analysis.thenIt was usable for distribution service fields that using the method of NLP

analysis based on patent database in order to extract main technological fields and recent technological trends.

• one of the reason of rapid growth in RFID is assumed founded of EPC global. Then Technological standardization in WW will be one of a key factor in also other

field of service industries.

Thank you very much for your attention.

Policy Proposal

• the improvement of research infrastructure for service industries

• a system / definition which promotes service innovations based on international relationships

• a proper consideration of establishment and renewal for technological standards that promote re-development in service industries.