a poem on the last day project - rebekah's teaching portfolio · 2 a poem on the last day ipse...

Edward Young’s

A Poem on the Last Day

1713

Jaci Johnson

Kate Leonard

Kaitlen McElroy

Bekah Porter

2 A Poem on the Last Day

Ipse Pater media nimborum in noƈte corusca

Fulmina molitur Dextra; quo maxima motu

Terra tremit, fugere Ferœ, & mortalia corda

Per Gentes, humilis stravit pavor.------1 Virg.

hile Others Sing the Fortune of the Great,

Empire, and Arms, and all the Pomp of State,

With Britains Heroe set their Souls on fire,

And grow Immortal as His Deeds inspire; 1 “Father, himself, flashing the middle of the clouds in the night Bolts in her right hand; hurly The land trembles, to flee the drift , and the hearts of mortal Through the Gentiles, bow low in terror.”

W


I draw a Deeper Scene, a Scene that yields

A louder Trumpet, and more dreadful Fields;

The World alarm’d, both Earth and Heaven o’er-thrown,

And gasping Natures last tremendous Groan;

Death’s antient Scepter broke, the Teeming Tomb,

The Righteous Judge2, and Man’s Eternal Doom.

‘Twixt Joy and Pain I view the bold Design,

And ask my anxious heart if it be Mine;

Whatever Great or Dreadful has been Done,

Within the Sight of Conscious Stars or Sun,

Is far beneath my Daring; I look down

On all the Splendors of the British Crown:

This Globe is for my Verse a Narrow bound,

Attend me all ye Glorious Worlds around!

O! all ye Angels, howsoe’er disjoin’d

Of every various Order, Place, and Kind,

Hear, and assist a feeble Mortal’s lays,

‘Tis Your Eternal King I strive to praise

I grasp3

2 Psalms 7:9 (Kings James version) “Oh let the wickedness of the wicked come to an end; but establish the just: for the righteous God trieth the hearts and reins.” 3 The way the poem was set up, is at the bottom of the page the beginning words of the next page are represented to help with organization. “I grasp,” is supposed to be on the next page, but in other translations of this poem “I grasp,” is not on any starting page. So it is a misprinting.


But chiefly Thou Great Ruler! Lord of All!

Before whose Throne Archangels prostrate fall,

If at thy Nod, from Discord, and from Night

Sprang Beautie, and yon Sparlking Worlds of Light,

Exalt e’en Me; all inward Tumults quell,

The Clouds and Darkness of my Mind dispell,

To my Great Subject Thou my Breast inspire,

And Raise my Labouring Soul with Equal Fire.

Man bear thy Brow aloft, view every Grace

In God’s great Ofspring, beauteous Nature’s face;

See Spring’s gay Bloom, see golden Autumn’s Store,

See how Earth smiles, and hear Old Ocean roar;

Leviathans4 but heave their cumbrous Mail,

It makes a Tyde, and Windbound Navies5 fail:

Here Forests rise, the Mountain’s awful Pride;

Here Rivers measure Climes, and Worlds divide;

4 In Christian mythology, referenced through many books in the Old Testament, a mighty sea beast, “king of [all] animals in the water,” associated with the coming of the Biblical Messiah, in this poem associated with the Second Coming of Christ. 5 Sailors who were kept from sailing their ship due to the wind blowing in the wrong direction or because the wind was blowing at too high of a velocity.


There Valleys fraught with Gold’s resplendent Seeds,

Hold Kings, and Kingdoms Fortunes in their Beds;

There, to the skies, aspiring Hills ascend,

And into distant Lands their Shades extend;

View Citys, Armies, Fleets; of Fleets the Pride,

See Europe’s Law, in Albion’s6 Channel ride;

View the whole Earth’s vast Landskip Unconfin’d,

Or view in Britain all her Glories joyn’d.

Then let the Firmament thy Wonder raise,

‘Twill raise thy Wonder, but transcend thy Praise;

How far from East to West? The labouring Eye

Can scarce the distant azure Bounds discry;

Wide Theater! where Tempests play at large,

And God’s right hand can all it’s Wrath discharge.

Mark how those radiant Lamps inflame the Pole,

Call forth the Seasons, and the Year controul;

They Shine thro’ Time; with an unalter’d Ray

See this Grand Period rise, and That decay;

6 “The earliest-known name for the island of Britain. It was used by ancient Greek geographers from the 4th century BC and even earlier, who distinguished “Albion” from Ierne (Ireland) and from smaller members of the British Isles.”


So Vast, This World’s a Grain; yet Myriads7 grace

With golden Pomp the throng’d Ethereal Space;

So Bright, with such a Wealth of Glory stor’d,

‘Twere Sin in Heathens not to have Ador’d

How Great, how Firm, how Sacred All appears!

How worthy an Immortal Round of Years!

Yet All must drop, as Autumn’s sickliest Grain,

And Earth, and Firmament be sought in vain:

The Traƈt forgot where Constellations Shone,

Or where the STUARTS8 fill’d an awful Throne:

Time shall be slain, all Nature be destroy’d

Nor leave an Atom in the Might Void.

Sooner, or later, in some future Date,

A dreadful Secret in the Book of Fate9,

This Hour, for ought all human Wisdom knows,

Or when ten thousand Harvests more have rose,

7 A countless number 8 The British Royal family. 9 “The two books of Kings recount the fate of the monarchy in Israel after the death of King David. Many old traditions have been preserved in the books, but they have been reworked by the historian.”


When Scenes are chang’d on this revolving Earth,

Old Empires fall, and give new Empires birth:

When Other Bourbons10 rule in other Lands,

And (if Man's Sin forbid not) Other ANNES11:

While still busie World is treading o'er

The Paths they trod five thousand Years before

Thoughtless as those who Now Life's Mazes run,

Of Earth dissolv'd, or an extinguisht Sun;

(Ye Sublunary Worlds awake, awake,

Ye Rulers of the Nations hear and shake?)

Thick Clouds of Darkness shall arise on Day,

In sudden Night all Earth’s Dominions lay;

Impetuous Winds the scatter'd Forests rend,

Eternal Mountains like their Cedars bend;

The Vallies yawn, the troubled Ocean roar,

And break the Bondage of his wonted Shore;

A Sanguin Stain the Silver Moon o'erspread,

Darkness the Circle of the Sun invade;

10 A Royal family, “A member of the family which long held the thrones of France and Naples, and until 1931 that of Spain.” 11 Annes


From inmost Heav'n incessant Thunders rowle,

And the strong Echo bound from Pole to Pole12.

When loe! a Mighty Trump13, One half conceal'd

In Clouds, One half to mortal Eye reveal'd

Shall pour a dreadful Note: the piercing Call

Shall rattle in the Centre of the Ball,

Th' extended Circuit of Creation shake,

The Living dye with fear, the Dead awake.

Oh powerful Blast! to which no equal Sound

Did e'er the frightened Ear of Nature wound,

Tho' rival Clarions14 have been strain'd on high,

And kindled Wars Immortal through the Sky,

Tho' Gods whole Enginery discharg'd, and all

The Rebel Angels bellow'd in their Fall.

Have Angels fin'd? and shall not Man beware?

How shall a Son of Earth decline the Snare?

Not folded Arms, and Slackness of the Mind

Can promise for the Safety of Mankind,

12 The North and South poles; in latitudinal lines across the world. 13 The seventh and last trumpet being sounded by one of God’s angels to usher in the end of the world; the dead will be raised by this trumpet’s call. 14 An ancient trumpet with a curved shape.


None are Supinely Good; through Care and Pain,

And various Arts the steep Ascent we gain,

This is the Scene of Combat, not of Rest,

Man's is Laborious Happiness at best;

On this side Death His Dangers never cease,

His Joys, are Joys of Conquest, not of Peace.

If then obsequious to the Will of Fate,

And owning these Conditions of our state,

When guilty Joys invite us to their Arms,

When Beautie smiles, or Grandeur spreads her Charms,

The Conscious Soul would This Great Scene display,

Call down th' Immortal Hosts in dread Array,

The Trumpet sound, the Christian Banner spread,

And raise from silent Graves the trembling Dead;

Such deep Impression would the Piƈture make,

No Pow'r on Earth her firm Resolve could shake,

Engag'd with Angels She'd Sublimely stand,

And look regardless down on Sea and Land;


Not proffer'd Worlds her Ardor could restrain,

And Death might shake his threatning Launce in vain;

Her certain Conquest would endear the Fight,

And Danger serve but to supply Delight.

Instruƈted this to shun the fatal Spring,

Whence flow the Terrors of that Day I sing;

More boldly we our Labour may pursue,

And all the dreadful Image draw to View.

The sparkling Eye, the sleek and painted Breast,

The burnish'd Scale, curl'd Train, and rising Crest,

All that is Lovely, in the noxious Snake,

Provokes our Fear, and bids us fly the Brake;

The Sting once drawn, his guiltless Beauties rise

In pleasing Lustre, and detain our Eyes;

We view with Joy, what once did Horror move,

And strong Aversion softens into Love.


Say then, My Muse15, whom dismal Scenes delight,

Frequent at Tombs, and in the Realms of Night,

Say, Melancholy Maid, if bold to dare

The last Extreams of Terror and Despair,

Oh say, what Change on Earth, what Heart in Man,

This blackest Moment since the World began.

Ah mournful Turn! the blisful Earth, who late

At leisure on her Axle rowl’d in State,

While thousand golden Planets knew no Rest,

Still onward in their circling Journey prest,

A grateful Change of Seasons some to bring,

And sweet Vicissitude of Fall and Spring;

Some through vast Oceans to conduct the Keel16,

And some those watry Worlds to sink, or swell;

Around Her some their Splendors to display,

And guild her Globe with Tributary Day;

15 A reference to the nine Goddesses of the Arts in Greek mythology. Each Muse reigned over a different aspect of the arts. This allusion could be referring to Polymnia, the goddess of sacred poetry rather than referring to a Muse in general terms. 16 “A flat-bottomed vessel, esp. of the kind used on the Tyne and Wear for the loading of colliers.”


This World so Great, of Joy the bright Abode,

Heav’n’s darling Child17, and Favourite of her God,

Now looks an Exile from her Father’s Care,

Deliver’d o’er to Darkness and Despair;

No Sun in Radiant Glory shines on high,

No Light, but from the Terrors of the Sky;

Fall’n are her Mountains, her fam’d Rivers lost,

And All into a second Chaos tost;

One Universal Ruin spreads abroad,

Nothing is safe beneath the Throne of God.

Such, Earth, thy Fate; what then canst thou afford

To comfort, and support thy Guilty Lord?

Man, haughty Lord, of all beneath the Moon,

How must he bend his Soul’s Ambition down?

Prostrate the Reptile own, and disavow

His boasted Stature, and assuming Brow?

Claim Kindred with the Clay, and curse his Form,

That speaks Distinƈtion from his Sister Worm?

17 According to some Christian and Islamic mythology, Satan was once an angel of heaven, considered even to be one of the favored of God, called Lucifer, meaning “son of the morning.” He was cast out of heaven and became the Devil, working in darkness.


What dreadful Pangs the trembling Heart invade?

Lord, why dost Thou forsake, whom thou hast made?

Who can sustain thy Anger? who can stand

Beneath the Terrors of thy lifted Hand?

It flys the Reach of Thought; Oh save me, Pow’r

Of Pow’rs Supreme, in that Tremendous Hour!

Thou, who beneath the Frown of Fate hast stood,

And in thy dreadful Agony sweat Blood;

Thou, who for me thro’ every throbbing Vein

Hast felt the keenest Edge of mortal Pain,

Whom Death led Captive through the Realms below,

And taught those horrid Mysteries of Woe,

Defend me, O my God! Oh save me, Power

Of Powers Supreme, in that Tremendous Hour!

But what am I, who dare invoke thy Name?

Can Mortals Rise to such a glorious Claim?

Oh Greater than the Greatest! what are We,

Thy Splendor known? the Sun’s a Beam of Thee,


Mankind, who to and fro one Moment run,

Are But as Atoms dancing in the Sun;

Yet what hast Thou vouchsas’d! my God resign’d

To Pangs, to Death! the Thought o’erwhelms my Mind;

The Skies we measure, count the Stars, and found

With Length of Art Old Ocean’s Depths profound;

But Here the Soul is Lost, we can no more

Than Think, Fall prostrate, Tremble, and Adore.

Tremble, Adore, incessant Homage pay,

And hoard up Mercy for this dreadfull Day;

Who reads unmov’d Great Maro’s sacred Page,

His Trojan Anguish, and his Grœcian Rage?

When Atreus Son his hostile Powers withdrew,

And now the Scœan Hinges open flew,

The good Old King indulging needful Rest,

In dewy Sleep bath’d all his heaving Chest;

At the Dead Silence of Profoundest Night

In bolts a ghastly Slave in wild Afright,


Throws wide His golden Curtains, and proclaims

The Greek insulting, and His Town in Flames;

While yet he speaks, the rapid Fires prevail,

Confirm, and Interrupt the horrid Tale;

The wide Horizon glows, the waving Blaze

Throws it’s pale Glarings on the distant Seas:

In vain the Monarch flys the raging Fire,

Fell Pyrrhus18 thunders, where the Flames exspire.

Far less severe this Monarch’s fatal Blow,

Hurl’d down a Precipice, and plung’d in Woe,

Than shall this Day of Agonie on all

Extended Nature’s wide Dominion fall;

Through the rent Brain Distraction swiftly rowls,

And shakes the last Recesses of their Souls;

They wish the Lab’ring Sun quite out, no Spark

Of Day unquench’d, Earth so profoundly Dark,

In such black silent Death all Nature laid,

God might forget that e’er a World was made:

18 (Born 319 BCE—died 272, Argos, Argolis), king of Hellenistic Epirus whose costly military successes against Macedonia and Rome gave rise to the phrase “Pyrrhic victory.” His Memoirs and books on the art of war were quoted and praised by many ancient authors, including Cicero.


Heav’n, which knows all things, may the Pain conceive,

But Man by Feeling only can Believe.

From East to West they fly, from Pole to Line19,

Imploring Shelter from the Wrath Divine;

Beg Flames to wrap, or whelming Seas to sweep,

Or Rocks to yawn compassionately Deep,

Seas cast the Monster forth to meet his Doom,

And Rocks but prison up for Wrath to come.

So fares a Traytor to an Earthly Crown;

While Death sits threat’ning in his Prince’s Frown,

His Hearts’s dismay’d; and now his Fears command

To change his native for a distant Land:

Swift Orders fly, the King’s severe Decree

Stands in the Channel, and Locks up the Sea;

The Port, He seeks, Obedient to her Lord,

Hurls back the Rebel to his lifted Sword.

But why this Idle Toil to paint That Day?

This Time Elaborately thrown away?

19 From East to West, meaning longitudinal lines across the world.


Words all in vain Pant after the Distress,

The Height of Eloquence would make it Less;

Heav’ns! e’en the Good Man Trembles —

And is there a Last Day? and must there come

A Sure, a Fixt, Inexorable Doom? -----

Ambition swell, and thy proud Sails to show,

Take all the Winds that Vanity can blow;

Wealth, on a golden Mountain Blazing stand,

And reach an India forth in either Hand;

Spread all they Purple Clusters, Tempting Vine,

And Thou, once Dreaded Foe, Bright Beauty, shine,

Shine All; in all your Charms together rise;

That all, in all your Charms, I may Despise;

While I mount upward on a strong Desire,

Borne, like the Prophet20, in a Car of Fire.

In Hopes of Glory to be quite Involv’d!

To smile at Death! to long to be Dissolv’d!

20 In other editions, Young changed “The Prophet” to “Elijah,” a reference to the prophet Elijah in the New Testament, who in 2 Kings is greeted by a chariot of fire and taken up in a whirlwind.


From our Decays a Pleasure to receive!

And kindle into Transport at a Grave!

What equals This? and shall the Victor Now

Boast the proud Laurels on his loaded Brow?

The Good Man’s fixt on such superior Things,

He Stoops to look on Crowns, or speak with Kings:

Religion! Oh Thou Cherub, heavenly bright!

Oh Joys unmixt, and fathomless Delight!

Thou, Thou art All; nor find I in the whole

Creation ought, but God and my own Soul.

Such Thoughts alone the Prophet could sustain,

In the deep Chambers of the gloomy Main;

When Darkness round him all her Horrors spread,

And the Sea bellow’d o’er his sinking Head.

When now the Thunder roars, the Lightning fly’s,

And all the warring Winds tumultuous rise,


When now the foaming Surges tost on High,

Disclose the Sands beneath, and touch the Sky;

When Death draws near, the Mariners aghast,

Look back with Terror on their Actions past;

Their Courage sickens into deep Dismay,

Their Hearts through Fear and Anguish melt away;

Nor Tears, nor Pray’rs the Tempest can appease;

Now they devote their Treasure to the Seas;

Unload their shatter’d Bark21 tho’ richly fraught,

And think the Hopes of Life are cheaply bought

With Gems and Gold; but oh, the Storm so high,

Nor Gems nor Gold the Hopes of Life can buy.

The trembling Prophet then, Themselves to save,

They headlong plunge into the briny Wave;

Down he Descends, and Booming o’er his Head

The Billows close; He’s number’d with the Dead.

(Hear, oh ye Just! attend ye Virtuous Few!

And the bright Paths of Piety pursue)

21 “In earlier times, a general term for all sailing vessels of small size.”


Loe! the Great Ruler of the World from High

Looks smiling down with a propitious Eye,

Covers his Servant with his gracious Hand,

And bids Tempestuous Nature silent stand;

Commands the peaceful Waters to give Place,

Or kindly fold him in a soft Embrace;

He bridles in the Monsters of the Deep;

The bridled Monsters awful Distance keep,

Forget their Hunger, while they view their Prey,

And Guiltless gaze, and round the Stranger play.

But still arise new Wonders; Nature’s Lord

Sends forth into the Deep his pow’rful Word,

And calls the Great Leviathan; the Great

Leviathan attends in all his State,

Exults for Joy, and with a mighty Bound

Makes the Sea shake, and Heav’n and Earth resound;

Blackens the Waters with the rising Sand,

And drives vast billows to the distant Land.


Annotations

1. Latin Introduction: “Father, himself, flashing the middle of the clouds in the night / Bolts in her right hand; hurly / The land trembles, to flee the drift, and the hearts of mortal / Through the Gentiles, bow low in terror.” "Google Translate." Google Translate. Web. 1 Nov. 2014.

2. Righteous Judge: Psalms 7:9 (Kings James version) “Oh let the wickedness of the

wicked come to an end; but establish the just: for the righteous God trieth the hearts and reins.” “Righteous Judge” Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2014. Encyclopaedia Brittanica Online. 1 Nov. 2014.Web. “Psalms 7:9: "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints." The Church of

Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 1 Jan. 1611. Web. 1 Nov. 2014.

3. I Grasp: The way the poem was set up, is at the bottom of the page the beginning words of the next page are represented to help with organization. “I grasp,” is supposed to be on the next page, but in other translations of this poem “I grasp,” is not on any starting page. So it is a misprinting.

4. Leviathan: In Christian mythology, referenced through many books in the Old

Testament, a mighty sea beast, “king of [all] animals in the water,” associated with the coming of the Biblical Messiah, in this poem associated with the Second Coming of Christ.

"JewishEncyclopedia.com." LEVIATHAN AND BEHEMOTH -. N.p.,

n.d. Web. 07 Nov. 2014.

5. Windblown Navies: Sailors who were kept from sailing their ship due to the wind blowing in the wrong direction or because the wind was blowing at too high of a velocity.

6. Albion: “The earliest-known name for the island of Britain. It was used by ancient

Greek geographers from the 4th century BC and even earlier, who distinguished “Albion” from Ierne (Ireland) and from smaller members of the British Isles.”

“Albion” Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2014. Encyclopaedia Brittanica Online. 1

Nov. 2014. Web.

7. Myriad: A countless number

“Myriad” Oxford English Dictionary 2014. Oxford English Dictionary Online. 8 Nov. 2014. Web.


8. Stuarts: The British Royal family.

“Stuarts” Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2014. Encyclopaedia Brittanica Online. 8 Nov. 2014. Web.

9. Book of Fate: “The two books of Kings recount the fate of the monarchy in Israel

after the death of King David. Many old traditions have been preserved in the books, but they have been reworked by the historian.”

“Book of Fate” Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2014. Encyclopaedia Brittanica

Online. 1 Nov. 2014. Web.

10. Bourbons: A Royal family, “A member of the family which long held the thrones of France and Naples, and until 1931 that of Spain.”

“Bourbons” Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2014. Encyclopaedia Brittanica Online. 8

Nov. 2014. Web.

11. Annes:

12. Pole to Pole: The North and South poles; in latitudinal lines across the world.

13. Mighty Trump: The seventh and last trumpet being sounded by one of God’s angels to usher in the end of the world; the dead will be raised by this trumpet’s call.

14. Clarion: An ancient trumpet with a curved shape.

15. Muse: A reference to the nine Goddesses of the Arts in Greek mythology. Each

Muse reigned over a different aspect of the arts. This allusion could be referring to Polymnia, the goddess of sacred poetry rather than referring to a Muse in general terms.

The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. "Muse (Greek

Mythology)."Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 26 Aug. 2014. Web. 07 Nov. 2014.

16. Keel: “A flat-bottomed vessel, esp. of the kind used on the Tyne and Wear for the

loading of colliers.” “Keel” Oxford English Dictionary 2014. Oxford English Dictionary Online. 1

Nov. 2014. Web.

17. Darling Child: According to some Christian and Islamic mythology, Satan was once an angel of heaven, considered even to be one of the favored of God, called


Lucifer, meaning “son of the morning.” He was cast out of heaven and became the Devil, working in darkness.

"Myths Encyclopedia." Satan. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.

18. Pyrrhus: (Born 319 BCE—died 272, Argos, Argolis), king of Hellenistic Epirus

whose costly military successes against Macedonia and Rome gave rise to the phrase “Pyrrhic victory.” His Memoirs and books on the art of war were quoted and praised by many ancient authors, including Cicero.

“Prryhus” Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2014. Encyclopaedia Brittanica Online. 1

Nov. 2014. Web.

19. Pole to Line: From East to West, meaning longitudinal lines across the world.

20. Prophet: In other editions, Young changed “The Prophet” to “Elijah,” a reference to the prophet Elijah in the New Testament, who in 2 Kings is greeted by a chariot of fire and taken up in a whirlwind.

"2 Kings 2." 2 Kings 2. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Nov. 2014.

21. Bark: “In earlier times, a general term for all sailing vessels of small size.”

“Bark” Oxford English Dictionary 2014. Oxford English Dictionary Online. 1

Nov. 2014. Web.

a poem on the last day project - rebekah's teaching portfolio · 2 a poem on the last day ipse...

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