MIM-104 PatriotA Primary Air and Missile Defense System

Brendan Carr, Ryan Eykel, Thanh Lam, Wah Chan

Design and Concept1960s (PAC-1 Model)

Anti-aircraftSurface-to-air Defense

1980s (PAC-2 Model)Added Defense against Short Ranged MissilesEffectiveness against higher speeds

1990s - Today (PAC-3 Model)Increased range and accuracy

https://missilethreat.csis.org/system/patriot/

Other System ComponentsAN/MPQ-53Phased-array RadarHelps prevent any unwanted interference to improve accuracy/precision

AN/MSQ-24150 kW GeneratorsDiesel-powered to make launching mechanisms operable/functional

AN/MSQ-104 Engagement Control SystemProvides communication for remote information linking and control over the system

https://missilethreat.csis.org/system/patriot/

A Typical Patriot Missile System Setup

Launcher

PAC-3 Missile

Control Stations

Generators

https://missilethreat.csis.org/system/patriot/

Funding, developing and serving

Patriot missile system was deployed by the US during the 2003 Iraq conflict.

It is produced by Raytheon in Massachusetts and Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control in Florida.

2014-2019: Lockheed Martin received approximately $7 billions from U.S government to produce PAC-3 missiles.

In 2014, Lockheed Martin was selected by the Qatar Government, Saudi Arabia and South Korea to produce PAC-3 missile.

Funding and serving

In 2014, Raytheon received a $2.4bn contract to provide new-production Patriot system fire units to Qatar.

Raytheon was awarded a contract worth $1.5bn by the US Army to build and deliver four Patriot fire units for Poland in September 2018.

2018 Raytheon Was awarded $2.3 billion to provide engineering support to the program, including tech refresh and update obsolete systems.

Patriot systems have been sold to 14 countries across globe (include Germany, Japan, Israel, Spain, etc,..).

Development● The Aeronautical Engineering is constantly evolving especially in military applications● Even after delivery, products have to be updated to meet the ever improving threat● As a mobile air defense system, The Patriot Missile System initially was designed for

Anti-Aircraft Surface to Air Missile Defense● Almost cancelled in 1973 due to cost and complexity, it’s mobility and ability to be

deployed and operational in under an hour ultimately made the difference

Lockheed Martin SAM-D Launcher Design Team, Martin Marietta’s Orlando, Florida, plant in January 1973

● The SAM-D program began development in 1965, received the name Patriot in 1976, and was declared operational in 1985

Continued Improvement● In 1988 The Patriot Missile System received the PAC-1 (Patriot

Advanced Capability) software update, allowing the interceptors to target and defend against short range ballistic missiles (SRBM)

● In 1990 the PAC-2 update improved the warhead, a blast fragmentation warhead designed to explode in the proximity of a missile to destroy the missile with shrapnel

● In 1991 the Patriot Missile was deployed to Israel and Saudi Arabia to counter Iraqi Scud SRBM, although initially believed successful, in truth only 9% of engagements destroyed their target

● After review of the missile system’s performance it was determined that proximity detonation was ineffective against SRBM speed

● The Guided Enhanced Missile (GEM) was designed to combat ballistic missiles and PAC-3 upgraded the missile from “Proximity Detonation to “Hit to Kill” in 2002

Testing and Delivery

- The patriot missile is a highly developed piece of artillery and has continues to show its ability on multiple test “Air-breathing” targets with a precisely aimed impact in testing sites such as white sands missile range New Mexico and Alabama

- Because ballistic missiles were still controversial during the gulf war, the patriot had to undergo many tests for its success rate and accuracy

Testing and Delivery - Success Rate – the percentage of Scuds destroyed or

deflected to unpopulated areas- Accuracy – the percentage of hits out of all the Patriots fired

Under the U.S. military the Patriot collected a success rate of 80% in Saudi Arabia and 50% in Israel

The rocket base and it generators aretransported by a HEMTT A4 M983A4 Tractor, a 500 HP Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck

References● https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/patriot-missile-defense-americas-answe

r-ballistic-missiles-drones-and-aerial-threats-82206● Missile Defense Project, "Patriot," Missile Threat, Center for Strategic and

International Studies, June 14, 2018, last modified November 4, 2019, https://missilethreat.csis.org/system/patriot/.

● https://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/defense-systems/patriot-missile-defense-system/

● https://www.defenseworld.net/news/21877/Raytheon_Awarded__2_3_Billion_for_PATRIOT_Missile_System_Engineering_Support#.XkGCe-ROmuV

● HEMTT A4 M983A4 Patriot Tractor● Patriot Missile Long-Range Air-Defence System. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://www.army-technology.com/projects/patriot/