a project-oriented data warehouse for construction
DESCRIPTION
A project-oriented data warehouse for construction. 指導教授 : 周瑞生 企研二 694520007 曾憲政 企研二 694520010 鄭至中 企研二 694520060 劉育韋. The Information System of Organization. Operation Support Systems (OSS) : 所提供之資訊,為企業營運之所需。 Decision Support Systems (DSS) : 透過歷史資料的分析提供資訊,以利企業完成重要決策。. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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A project-oriented data warehouse for construction指導教授 : 周瑞生
企研二 694520007 曾憲政企研二 694520010 鄭至中企研二 694520060 劉育韋
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The Information System of Organization
Operation Support Systems (OSS) : 所提供之資訊,為企業營運之所需。
Decision Support Systems (DSS) : 透過歷史資料的分析提供資訊,以利企業完成重要決策。
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Project-oriented
在日常生活中,我們會面對許多不同型態的資料,如親朋好友的通訊資料、個人行程計畫等等。為了保存、方便這些資料,我們會將資料包裝成一個類別,然後再用這個類別來宣告產生的東西就稱為物件 。
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Date Warehouse(1)
William Inmon, who coined the term “data warehouse” in 1990, defined a data warehouse as “a subject oriented, integrated, nonvolatile,
and time variant collection of data in support of management decision”
Data Warehouse 是一種大型的中央資料庫,可從企業內數個獨立的資料庫中收集有用的資料,且整合轉換成有用的資訊,以作為企業管理決策的依據。
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Date Warehouse(2)
Date Warehouse 得以維持企業智慧( business intelligence ),並協助企業做出營運上的策略行決策。
The data warehouse institute (TDWI) 認為 BI 對企業而言如同是過程、工具、技術得以將Data 轉化為 Information ,並將 Information 轉化為 Knowledge 。
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Date Warehouse(3)
一般企業大多將部門及資料來源分離。產生問題: 1.資料法分享 2.重複地建立資料 3.面對不同工作需求,對於同樣的資料未即時更新,將造成使用者的誤解。
4.企業內使用者所需資料來源不同時,降導致決策速度的減緩
5.無法支援有助於決策的進階分析及查詢
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The development of a project-oriented data warehouse (PDW)
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Construction project data source
PrimaveraProjectPlanner
Ms Excel
Relational DB
Relational DB
兩種將原始資料轉換方式
•Need-based approach - 未來需要用到什麼, 就輸入什麼資料
•Availability-based approach - 有什麼資料就全部輸入
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Dimensional modeling
1. 兩種常使用在建築資料倉儲上
•Entity-Relationship - 減少資料重複,並且容易轉換•Dimensional Modeling - 運算及查詢速度快,但會佔用較大的儲存空間
2. 資料依照 WBS(Working-breakdown structure) 並建立關聯
3. 偏屬於一般性描述資料儲存於 Dimension table 偏屬於實際數值資料儲存於 Fact table
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Dimensional modeling
星狀 雪花狀
星狀比較好管理,並且運算及查詢速度較快雪花狀適用在比較複雜的資料上,並且能作更詳盡的分類
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The PDW database structure
Dimension Fact
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The PDW database structure
Dimension
Fact
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The PDW database structure
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The development of the PDW
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The development of the PDW
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應用軟體選用
工欲善其事,必先利其器 選用適合的工具 常見的資料庫軟體有:
Oracle 、 IBM DB2 、 My SQL 、 SQL Server 、 Access
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各家軟體大車拼
Oracle DB2 My SQL效率高可透過網路輸入及修改支援多種資料類型
擁有各種規模的版本 免費且開放適合中小型應用
SQL Server AccessClient-server結構圖形化介面中上規模普及率高強大豐富的計算工具
大家都有且容易使用安全性較差
資料來源 : 數據恢復中心 http://www.db-recovery.com
51CTO http://www.51cto.com/
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選取 SQL Server的原因 支持 client-server 資料倉儲應用 DTS 可匯入、匯出及轉換各種類型的資料
(ex. Excel, Access, Text, etc)
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資料庫查詢
查詢可分為三類: Drill up type for summary information Drill down type for detailed information Drill across type for retrieving information
找出感興趣的資料:抽取資料 產生報表 即時更新
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總結