a resource manual to develop digitized database on

Village Disability Registers with Smart cards 1

A resource manual to develop dig i t i zed database on disabi l i ty for p lanning programmes and services at

Vi l lage panchayath and Distr ict levels


2015

Developed by

CBR NETWORK 134,1st Block, 6thMain, BSK 3rd Stage, Bangalore-560085, Karnataka, India

[email protected] 080-26724221/26724273


Foreword

Persons with disabilities (Specially abled persons) are most disadvantaged group of people in a community. Though they have immense ability /talent like any other person unless there is a positive attitude to include them in the mainstream development they would remain poor, illiterate, unemployed and dependent in their life. But if we include them in the development programme with a positive attitude they can contribute to the community building –nation building. Persons with disabilities must be included in the model gram Panchayath project initiated by the government of India. However in order to include them in the development programmes we need information about each individual, their socio-economic-educational backgrounds, nature of disability, intensity of disability, impact of disability, individual rehabilitation needs, individual educational, employment, health needs, gender related needs, aging related needs etc. Census in 2011 has collected information about disability, gender, and nature of disability, religion, and caste in the entire country. This is a gigantic exercise. This database is available in C-20 form of Census data. The question is whether census data on disability is accurate? Whether it gives all the necessary information required for planning programmes? The answer is yes but it is inadequate. Mere head counting data does not give information on individual needs and impact of disability in diverse socio-economic and cultural context at community level. The census data is on the prevalence of disability and it does not provide the incidence data. The information on disability given by the individuals and family members is also based on the perception of disability. There is a possibility of invisible disabilities getting unnoticed by census enumerators /family members such as sensory, intellectual disabilities, Neuro motor conditions, and degenerative conditions etc. In addition early childhood disability especially in 0-2 years needs special skills for identification. (It is not possible to train census enumerators in these skills in a large-scale exercise such as population census). However census 2011 data gives fairly accurate projection on the magnitude of disability and its distribution in the entire country.

Village disability registers with smart cards is developed as a complimentary database to census. It also uses Aadhar ID wherever available in individual identification.

Disability is a state subject and Panchayath Raj subject. Many Panchayath’s have no clue on how many persons with disability live in a village panchayath, about their needs, socio-economic background and cost of rehabilitation services, benefits availed from central/state governments or NGOs /etc. It is difficult to fulfill the obligations of panchayath if they have no comprehensive data on disability. Many state governments provide ID cards to persons with disability. The ID card provides information on disability, intensity of disability and socio economic background. The existing ID card is a paper based card and it is not possible to monitor, keep a track of benefits availed by the person, emerging needs due to disability and living conditions.


Therefore there is a need to issue smart cards based on digital database which provides comprehensive information to service provides/policymakers. This single window system makes life easy for persons with disabilities to avail a host of services provided by the government and also prevent duplication /overlapping of services. This helps to prevent the wastage of precious resources and to ensure deserving persons get the benefits. VDR with smart cards is developed to develop a comprehensive individual database for planning and monitoring of service delivery at different levels.

As per 2011 census data 2.20% of people have some type of disability.

1. VDR (UDR in urban areas) provides the data on individuals about their socio-economic profiles, health status, income, employment, rehabilitation, gender specific data and other needs.

2. VDR also provides Village panchayath profiles on development programmes /schemes,

inclusion of person with disabilities in the development programmes, budget for development etc.

3. School diverse needs registers provides comprehensive data on students with special

needs

4. Senior citizens registers provides data on aged population and their needs at the community level.

VDR (With OMR interface and smart cards) is easy to implement. There are computer based and android applications that can be used on smart phones. The cost of VDR from Start-to -Smart cards costs Rs 97 per person. We look forward and request state governments, panchayath raj institutions to introduce VDR for affections inclusion of person with disabilities in the mainstream development.


Contents

Sl.no Topics Page # 1 Disability data from 2011 census (State wise) 7

2 Uses and limitations of census data 7

3 Aadhar ID database 15

4 What kind of database is needed to plan and implement schemes for

persons with disabilities from panchayath to national level?

5 How does VDR/UDR/SDR/SCDR to develop reliable, accessible, accurate data on disability and their needs?

6 Technology used in VDR

7 Cost of implementing VDR at village panchayath level/urban ward level.

8 Step by step guide to implement VDR with time frames

9 VDR/UDR/SDR/SCDR form samples

10 Contact information to develop VDR and smart cards

11 Adarsh Gram panchayath for persons with disabilities and senior citizens


Key words/Phrases and acronyms used in this draft proposal

CBR Community Based Rehabilitation DDRC District Disability Rehabilitation Centers DPO Disabled people’s Organization DRCC Disability Rights Citizen Charters CBO Community Based organizations SHG Self Help Mutual support groups MCG Micro Credit Groups Govt Government UWs Urban wards GPDD Global Partnership for Disability and Development IEDSS Inclusive education of disabled children scheme in India ICDS Integrated child development scheme MHRD Ministry of Human Resource & Development NCERT National Council for Education, Research and training NGO Non Governmental Organization PMO Prime Minister’s Office PRI Panchayath Raj Institutions (Local government in India) PWD ACT Persons with Disability ACT in India RCI Rehabilitation Council of India RTE Right to Education UNCRPD UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities WHO World Health Organization Zila (Jilla) District Diverse needs Refers to persons who disadvantaged due to disability, aging,

extreme poverty, gender, homeless children, children living in difficult circumstances, persons living in conflict areas, persons living in post disaster areas, women living in difficult circumstances and/or any specific groups of children/persons who live in extreme poverty arising due to disability or other causes.

Disadvantaged Sections of the community

Persons with disabilities in general, women with disabilities, children with diverse/special needs and aged persons who are currently disadvantaged and may need support for short term or long term to become active partners and benefit for self development from the existing development programmes

Vulnerable sections of local community

Refers to persons with disabilities and those who are living in difficult circumstances having difficulty to get fully included in the inclusive development arising due to disability or other conditions

Women /older persons and children living in Conflict-affected areas

Conflicts, terrorism and wars have lead to more disabilities in the community. The prevalence of disabilities in such areas is multi dimensional. Physical deformities, sensory impairment, emotional disturbances affect most of the population. CBR has a special focus on assisting women and children living in conflict affected areas. CBR assist to learn basic rehab skills and works towards rehabilitation leading self reliance with the support to


families and the community

Persons with disabilities living in areas affected by natural disasters

A natural disaster adds new disabling conditions and it destabilizes lives of people with disabilities, aged population. Post disaster areas need CBR services to assist people to regain confidence an d rebuild their lives

SSA Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan IRDP Integrated Rural Development programmes MDG Millennium Development Goals RMSA Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan

NSQF National skills qualification framework VDR Village Disability Registers UDR Urban Disability Registers Taluk/ Tehsil Administrative block at the middle level in Panchayath Raj

System Inclusive E learning and M Learning

Referred to digital learning systems using smart phone, tablets, computers which could be used by all learners including learners with divers needs

Tele-Rehab Refers to providing rehabilitation support using internet and other remote communicating system at the PHC or CHC level

PHC Primary Health care CHC Community Health care centers


Magnitude of disability and its impact in India We do not have incidence on disability. The prevalence data collected nation wise in 2011 census gives the following information

1. Disability data 2. Rural urban distribution, 3. Distribution by the type of disability 4. Gender distribution 5. Age distribution 6. SC/ST and urban back ward areas

Magnitude of disability in India - Persons with Disabilities in rural area. The country's disabled population has increased by 22.4% between 2001 and 2011. The number of disabled, which was 2.19 crore in 2001, rose in 2011 to 2.68 crore - 1.5 crore males and 1.18 crore females. Rural areas have more disabled people than urban areas. In Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Jammu and Kashmir and Sikkim, the disabled account for 2.5% of the total population, while Tamil Nadu and Assam are among those where the disabled population is less than 1.75% of the total population.

India has 20.42 lakh disabled children aged between 0 and 6 years. Around 71% of them - 14.52

lakh children - are in rural areas. There are 5.9 lakh-disabled children in cities. Of them, 11.04 lakh are male and 9.38 lakh are female children. Among them, 1.49 lakh children have multiple disabilities. As per 2011 census nearly 71% of children with disabilities in rural India.

Age Group Population Disabled persons Percentage

0-4 112806778 1,291,332 1.144729087 5-9 126928126 1,955,539 1.540666408

10-19 253235661 4,616,050 1.822827789 20-29 212838187 4,189,839 1.968556047 30-39 173735635 3,635,722 2.092674885 40-49 134756439 3,115,651 2.312060947 50-59 88215309 2,492,429 2.825392812 60-69 64118690 2,657,679 4.144936523 70-79 28441345 1,769,370 6.22111929 80+ 11289005 949,156 8.407791475

Age not stated 44,89,802 1,37,790 3.068954934


There are more than 5.80 lakh children in this age group with other disabilities like

autism and cerebral palsy. Uttar Pradesh has the maximum number of children with disabilities. Bihar is next on the list with 2.90 lakh children. Maharashtra has 2.17 lakh children with disabilities. In the south, undivided Andhra Pradesh has 1.27 lakh children, followed by Karnataka - 92,853 - Tamil Nadu - 62,538 - and Kerala - 26,242. Among the smaller states, Sikkim has the lowest number (628) of disabled children. Assam has the maximum number of disabled children (35,742) in the northeast.

According to World Bank Report 2009 titled “From Commitment to outcomes” it states

Quote” While official estimates of disability are low (around 2 percent), alternative estimates using better methods and more inclusive definitions suggest a higher incidence of disability (of at least 5-8 percent). Many systematic studies of NGOs in Karnataka shows the prevalence of disability in 0-14 age group children is around 4-6%.

Percentage of Disabled to total population India, 2011

Residence Persons Males Females

Total 2.21 2.41 2.01

Rural 2.24 2.43 2.03

Urban 2.17 2.34 1.98

2001, Total, 2.13

2001, Rural, 2.21

2001, Urban, 1.93

2011, Total, 2.21

2011, Rural, 2.24 2011, Urban,

2.17

Percen

tage

Proportion of Disabled Population by Residence India : 2001-11

2001 2011


Number of persons

with Disabilities

Number of training

organization (most based in urban areas)

Number of trained

personnel as per RCI

CRR registration

Existing trained person average

Approximate need for CBR personnel at

different levels

2.68 Crore

453 78,514 There is one trained person for every 33,680 persons with Disabilities.

At Village panchayath. Level -1 12,38,617 CBR Grassroots Personnel Level-2- 12,386 Middle level CBR personnel Level-3- 676 District CBR Managers / Coordinators Support Cross disability CBR professionals at district team -6 Per District

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Definitional Changes 2001-11

Type of

disability Change in definition

In Seeing One-eyed persons were treated as disabled at Census 2001. At the Census 2011 such persons have not been treated as disabled in seeing. At the Census 2011 enumerators were asked to apply a simple test to ascertain blurred vision. At Census 2001 no such instructions were given.

In Hearing Persons using hearing aid have been treated as disabled at Census 2011. They were not treated as disabled at the Census 2001.Persons having problem in hearing through one ear although the other ear is functioning normally was considered having hearing disability in Census 2001. But in Census 2011, such persons were not considered as disabled.

In Speech Definition was made clearer in Census 2011 to record persons with speech disability. For instance, “persons who speak in single words and are not able to speak in sentences” was specifically mentioned to be treated as disabled.

In Movement Specific mention of the following was made in the definition for Census 2011: Paralytic persons Those who crawl Those who are able to walk with the help of aid Have acute and permanent problems of joints/muscles Have stiffness or tightness in movement or have loose, involuntary movements or tremor of the body or have fragile bones Have difficulty balancing and coordinating body movement Have loss of sensation in body due to paralysis, Leprosy etc. Have deformity of body like hunchback or are dwarf.

Mental Retardation

New category introduced at Census 2011. Mental Retardation was covered under the category of Mental disability at Census 2001.

Mental Illness New category introduced at Census 2011. Mental Illness was covered under the category of Mental disability at Census 2001.

Any Other New category introduced at Census 2011 to ensure complete coverage. This option enabled respondents to report those disabilities, which are not listed in the question. In such cases, where informant was not sure about the type of disability this option of reporting disability as ‘Any Other’ was available to her/him.

Multiple Disability

New category introduced at Census 2011. The question has been designed to record as many as three types of disabilities from which the individual was reported to be suffering.


Disabled Population by Sex and Residence, India: 2011

Residence Persons Males Females Total 26,810,557 14,986,202 11,824,355 Rural 18,631,921 10,408,168 8,223,753 Urban 8,178,636 4,578,034 3,600,602

Percentage of Disabled to total population India, 2011

Residence Persons Males Females Total 2.21 2.41 2.01 Rural 2.24 2.43 2.03 Urban 2.17 2.34 1.98

Disabled Population by Type of Disability India: 2011

Type of Disability Persons Males Females Total 26,810,557 14,986,202 11,824,355 In Seeing 5,032,463 2,638,516 2,393,947 In Hearing 5,071,007 2,677,544 2,393,463 In Speech 1,998,535 1,122,896 875,639 In Movement 5,436,604 3,370,374 2,066,230 Mental Retardation 1,505,624 870,708 634,916 Mental Illness 722,826 415,732 307,094 Any Other 4,927,011 2,727,828 2,199,183 Multiple Disability 2,116,487 1,162,604 953,883


Census data –Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages Disadvantages 1 Provides comprehensive data on

magnitude of disability in India/village wise/district wise/state wise

Incidence data is not covered

2 Provides gender wise data/age wise data/disability wise caste wise data for the entire country

Needs/socio-economic/educational profiles is not covered

3 Data is based on perception of disability in the community

Since the data is based on perception of disability by the individual and family many invisible /progressive disability conditions, early childhood impairments may be missed resulting in under reporting

4 Census 2011 has not included 8 types of disabilities and do not use the bench mark of 40% or more disability (Which is used by the state government in issuing ID cards)

State governments find it difficult to use census data, which does not use 40% disability cut off point.

5 Disability based on perception of the individual and families

This data is useful in developing community based inclusive development services as the impact of disability of disability is perceived as disability based on the environment a person lives in


Aadhaar and Disability ID cards

In India ID cards are provided for different purpose. For example Aadhaar is provided as identification of person. Aadhaar uses biometrics and a smart card is given to all citizens in India. The information in Aadhaar.

Sl.No Aadhaar is Aadhaar isn’t 1 A 12-digit unique identity for

every Indian individual, including children and infants

Just another card

2 Enables identification for every resident Indian

Only one Aadhaar card per family is enough

3 Establishes uniqueness of every individual on the basis of demographic and biometric information

Collects profiling information such as caste, religion, and language

4 It is a voluntary service that every resident can avail irrespective of present documentation

Mandatory for every Indian resident who has identification documents

5 Each individual will be given a single unique Aadhaar ID number

An individual can obtain multiple Aadhaar ID numbers

6 Aadhaar will provide a universal identity infrastructure, which can be used by any identity-based application (like ration card, passport, etc.)

Aadhaar will replace all other IDs

7 UIDAI will give Yes/No answers to any identity authentication queries

UIDAI information will be accessible to public and private agencies


Disability ID card in India

The disability certificate and or Identity card is the basic document that a person with any disability of more than 40 percent requires in order to avail any facilities, benefits or concessions under the available schemes. This is not required for getting admission in a school for formal education. Disability Certificate Persons authorized to give disability certificate The respective Medical boards constituted at a State or district levels are the certifying authority to issue disability certificate. The board consists of a chief medical officer/ sub divisional medical officer in the District and another expert in the specified field. These examples are: an ophthalmic surgeon in case of visual handicaps either ENT surgeon or an audiologist in case of speech & hearing handicaps, an orthopedic surgeon or a specialist in physical medicine and rehabilitation in case of locomotors handicaps and a psychiatrist or a clinical psychologist or a teacher in special education in case of mental handicaps. The respective disability certificate for mental retardation or other disabilities (visual, speech and hearing, and locomotors disability is given as Form X and Y in related resources Ø The certificate is issued to persons with disabilities mentioned in the PWD Act, 1995. At

present, disabilities like Autism and learning disabilities are not covered under this Act. Ø The certificate is valid for a period five years. Ø When there are no chances of variation in the degree of disability, a permanent disability

certificate is given. Ø In order to get a disability certificate a person requires a birth certificate and proof of

residence. If a child is born at home, parents can get the birth certificate from their district magistrate.

Identity Card

Presently, various ministries/departments of the central government as well as the state and UT level government provide a number of concessions/facilities/benefits to the persons with disabilities. These benefits are provided - on the basis of certain documents. The procedural requirements are different in each case. Therefore, the persons with disabilities – have to do complex paper work, which causes a lot of inconvenience and hindrance in availing various benefits. The Government of India has therefore issued guidelines (August, 2000) to states/UTs for issue of identity card (IC) to the persons with disabilities go as to enable them to easily avail any applicable benefits/concessions.


Eligibility All those who are certified by the appropriate authority to have disability as per the definitions given in the PWD, Act, 1995, will be eligible to obtain the identity card. This card will be issued to all eligible persons with disability irrespective of their age. Medical Certificate Medical certificate obtained from the authorized medical board constituted by the State Govt/Defense authority, is a necessary prerequisite for obtaining the card. Application Person with disability may apply for issue of the IC to the appropriate authority. In the case of persons with mental retardation, autism, cerebral palsy or multiple disabilities, the legal guardian can make application. Ex-servicemen should apply for IC through the Rajya Sainik Board/ Zila Sainik Board or the Army formation HQs on the basis of disability certificate given by competent medical authority in the defense forces, obtain IC. Two passport size photographs would be required. Duration of validity The card has a lifelong validity when issued to a disabled person - above the age of 18 years. For disabled children below 18 years of age, the card is required to be updated once in every five years. No fresh medical examination is necessary in the case of permanent disability. Cost Ø A nominal amount can be charged to the disabled person at the time of submission of the

application form for IC. Ø The IC will contain information like Identity card Number, Disability code, District code

State code, etc. Ø A passbook will also be issued along with the IC. This passbook is meant to contain the

details of various benefits and concessions provided to that person. Since these guidelines are recent, the states and the UTs are likely to be in the process of creating an infrastructure for issue these identity cards to every disabled person.


Limitations of Disability ID card

1. ID cards are issued to persons with disabilities with 40% above disability, which is decided based on medical certificate issued by doctors and disability professionals.

2. Only those who have 40% of disability are covered under ID card.

3. ID card is a paper-based card in most of the states.

4. ID card data base is not based digital format and is not available at panchayath level for

monitoring benefits as the benefits to persons with disabilities is given by different departments and this is not updated on the ID cards regular basis.

5. ID card does not give information on the current needs .current economic conditions

and not useful for planning rehabilitation services at the community level. Limitations of using census 2011 disability data to develop UID cards

1. The database could be incomplete, as many invisible disabilities and early childhood disabilities need special skills to identify.

2. Census 2011 data base does not provide information on rehabilitation and other needs

hence not useful to use the data for planning /management of services/monitoring the beneficiary oriented programmes.

3. Census data 2011 does not give exact socio-economic profiles of individuals, their

educational backgrounds, skills they have for employment, family background etc which is necessary to plan services.

4. VDR works like a complementary database to census disability census by registering

all persons with special needs in the community with complete socio-economic-cultural-educational profiles.

5. VDR also collects the panchayath profiles, which helps in planning inclusion of persons

with disabilities into mainstream development programmes.

Digital database used in VDR is a dynamic database for planning and monitoring rehabilitation services at different levels provided by different departments of the governments and NGOs.


1.What are VDR SMART Cards? It is Machine-readable smart cards with Multipurpose Applications with many Advantages. Which is integrated with OCR-Java applications and Biometric recognition. 2.VDR SMART CARD FEATURES: • Visual identity application • Plastic card use • Magnetic strip • Visual data also available in machine readable form • Decentralized and centralized update of data • Multi- user system of smart cards • Electro memory card • Security-vendor specific 3.VDR uses: • Data base on disability • Needs assessment at Gram panchayath level for planning rehabilitation services, budgets

and inclusion into mainstream development

4. Outputs of VDR:

• Disability based Analysis • Gender based Analysis • Needs based Analysis • Classification of disability as per the norms of government of India • Panchayath based profile – Budget wise and the programmes initiated by the local

panchayath. 5.Data flow from GP to computer center:

• Carbon copy of the VDR is sent to computer center by Disability officer • CD of database is sent if registration uses computers or mobile phone at gram panchayath

level. • Online registration using VDR website


Step by Step processes

VDR

Step-1 Training of VDR volunteers 1:5 Gram Panchayath’s

Letters to DHO,DC/CEO/DDWO and others

Step-2 Meeting VP and getting Panchayath profile Step-3 3 days awareness Banner

Drum announcement VRWs

Step-4 Listing of names of persons who wish to get smart card under VDR

Give token for a batches of 20 per half a day session (3 hours for VDR registration)-Total 40 to 60 per day

Step-5 Discussion with PHC Doctor and arrange an online training on E form of VDR and Tele rehab

Online training by CBRNETWORK

Step-6 VDR registration Using Lap top/smart phones Using VDR software

At PHC or Village Panchayath 1.Scan Disability ID card and save it to individual file 2.Scan any medical records and save it to individual file 3.Face recognition 4.Thumb impression software 5.Scan Aadhaar card

Step -7 Send data to computer center Step-8 Computer center sends smart cards and

VDR registers village Panchayath wise with data CD

Step-9 Meeting at village panchayath to discuss VDR /needs future plan and distribution of smart cards

Step-9 Back end Data monitoring services at block and district level (The primary data cannot be modified. The district level officers can update dynamic areas such as additional disability, benefits, incomes, and education). Each person must submit update form once in two years to include any changes in the profile. The caregivers on the even t of death must supply the information within 3 weeks after death to the district officer.

1.Training of district level disability welfare officer to use VDR data base(3 days) 2.Providng card readers


Step-10 Training state level disability welfare officers and others responsible for disability and inclusion in development programmes

1.Training (one day training) 2.Providing card readers


Starting an Adarsh Gram (Model Village) for Specially Abled persons and senior citizens under Model village project of Members of Parliament

• Why do we need to include specially abled persons in the model village project? Persons with disabilities (Specially abled persons) are most disadvantaged group of people in a community. Though they have immense talent like any other person unless there is a positive attitude to include them in the mainstream development they would remain poor, illiterate, unemployed and dependent in their life. But if we include them in the development programme with a positive attitude they can contribute to the community building –nation building. Come let us include the excluded in model gram Panchayath project initiated by the government of India.

• How many specially abled persons are there in a Village Panchayath? At present only sample survey data, estimates are available. Panchayath Raj institution at village level is facing difficulty to plan and allocate resources based on the estimates and sample survey information at Gram Panchayath level. Without basic data and decentralization of services, the rehabilitation services cannot be taken to the needy persons. Resulting in lack of clarity-on concept of disability, accessible environment, simple registration system, and rehabilitation needs, eligibility to access social services etc. As per 2011 census data 2.20% of people have some type of disability. But we need data, which gives socio-economic profiles, literacy rate, unemployment, incomes and jobs, benefits availed so far in order to develop services in the community. We can get the above data by introducing Village disability register with OMR interface and smart cards. This data gives complete profile of individual with disability, their actual needs, family information and panchayath profiles in a digital accessible database, which is useful in developing services and other social security benefits in an Adarsh gram project. You can get more information about VDR in the following website-Indian Accessible disability Data. net. It cost only Rs 97 per person to develop comprehensive database on disability and senior citizens with the needs assessment. http://www.i-add.net/

• How do identify them and their needs?

In Village disability registers there are 5 forms. In form C data on needs –educational, economic, social, housing, assistive devices, employment, and social security benefits availed data is collected.

• What are their needs? The needs of persons with disabilities are by and large same as the needs of other persons in the community. In India we need to focus on Community Based Rehabilitation, which aims to build rehabilitation services using potential inherent in the families and communities without disintegrating people with disabilities away from their communities.


We have listed some of the key article of United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD, 2006), specifically to include in Adarsh Inclusive village for specially abled persons: Article 6 - Women with disabilities. Article 7 - Children with disabilities. Article 9 – Accessibility. Article 24 - Inclusive Education. Article 19 - Living independently and being included in the community. Article 21 - Freedom of expression and opinion, and access to information. Article 27 – Work and employment. Article 28 - Adequate standard of living and social protection. Article 31 - Statistics and data collection.

• Who are the most vulnerable groups among persons with disabilities? Persons with disabilities are the poorest of the poor in any community. Among this group children, women/girls and senior citizens with disabilities are most vulnerable groups. We need focus on girls/women with disabilities as we see inherent negative attitude towards women with disabilities.

• How can we meet their needs using 3% of development budget and existing schemes?

Disability is a state subject listed in the state list in Indian constitution. It is also a Panchayath raj subject as per PRI ACT. In the year 1995 a comprehensive legislation for protection and equal opportunities for persons with disabilities was passed by the Indian parliament. As per this act 3% of poverty alleviation budget must be spent for persons with disabilities. This is in addition to 4% reservation in jobs. Panchayath Raj at district. Tehsil and village level can plan rehabilitation and other services if they have accurate data and needs of person with disabilities. Under the Adarsh village project MPs can develop need-based support in each gram panchayath to utilize 3% of development funds, 4% reservation and various benefits available under state and central government schemes. NGOs/SHGs/CBOs working at district level can provide support in developing CBR services and inclusion in the mainstream development programmes

• What is Community Based rehabilitation? Community-Based Rehabilitation (CBR) focuses on enhancing the quality of life for people with disabilities and their families, meeting basic needs and ensuring inclusion and participation. It was initiated in the mid-1980s but has evolved to become a multi-sectorial strategy that empowers Person with Disability to access and benefit from education, employment, health, education, vocational, social and other services. But it is noticed that, lack of accurate database about children with disability is a major problem for Panchayath’s and community to plan community based rehabilitation services, inclusive education, early interventions, and medical support

• How to train local volunteers in CBR? Local volunteers can be trained by approaching Bangalore University, which offers diploma in CBR and PG diploma in CBR on distance education mode, which uses the local PRI system for skill training.


• How to train local PHC doctors in medical certification? What are the needs of senior citizens in a village?

Aging and Disability go hand in hand. We see many villages where people who stay back in the villages are senior citizens. When old age become unbearable with disability and poverty once can imagine plight of older citizens. Old citizens have wealth of knowledge and skills. If we start Senior citizen forums / groups in village level we can utilize their skills and also give support to them in their old age.

• How to meet the needs of senior citizens using the existing schemes and community support?

There are many state and central schemes, which is listed in this document at the end.

• Which are the agencies, which can help MPs in developing model village for persons with disabilities and senior citizens?

Voice of SAP, CBR NETWORK, Seva In Action, KPMRC, Spastics society of Karnataka, Association of people with disabilities are some of the NGOs who are keen to help MPs in developing Adarsh Inclusive Gram. CBR unit for fieldwork of students Most people with disabilities live in rural areas, whereas a majority of the services are available only in urban areas. In order provide community based rehabilitation services to all persons with disabilities, there is a need for trained personnel who can start CBR units in rural areas. In order to take rehabilitation services to every nook and corner in our country, there is a need to review the existing strategies in CBR service delivery and explore new approaches. CBR Unit is one new approach to reach the persons with disabilities in rural areas. UNCRPD emphasis the need to reach the unreached persons with disability with community based services. In the Article 19 titled living independently and being included in the community it states:

A. Persons with disabilities have access to a range of in-home, residential and other community support services, including personal assistance necessary to support living and inclusion in the community, and to prevent isolation or segregation from the community;

B. Community services and facilities for the general population are available on an equal basis to persons with disabilities and are responsive to their needs

A. What is a CBR unit? In a majority of rural areas there is no community based rehabilitation services. Families travel long distance to the district or even to state capital to receive rehabilitation services. Under CBR more 80% of rehabilitation services can be delivered at community level and working in close collaboration with the existing programmes such as ICDS (integrated child development scheme), Primary health care, primary education and other rural development programme and other poverty alleviation programmes.


In order to scale up the basic rehabilitation services CBR units are highly effective. These units are established in each block’s (100,000 population) center and sub units are established one in each gram Panchayath (5000 population). CBR units work like self-help mutual aid groups, which are very successful in states such as Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh in India and in many countries in south Asia. Disability is a subject that is included at micro policy level. For example under constitution of India it comes under the state list. Therefore CBR units must get integrated fully in PRI system within a span of 10 years. In Uttar Pradesh 10 villages in a village panchayath will be selected closer to the university. B. Nature of services offered in CBR Units: CBR services

1. Pre Vocational Training. 2. Micro credit. 3. Inclusive and Special education. 4. Self help mutual aid groups for families. 5. Pre-School and Early Intervention. 6. Home based Rehabilitation Program / Home Management Programme. 7. Rehabilitation services for Leprosy Cured Persons (LCPs). 8. Survey, Identification, Awareness and Sensitization. 9. Rural Camps for medical support and assistive devices. 10. Advocacy, Disability rights citizen charters, Legal Literacy, Including Legal

Counseling, Legal Aid and Analysis and Evaluation of Existing Laws and UNCRPD

C. Eligibility 1. Coordinator of CBR units must have completed PG Diploma in CBR recognized by

Rehabilitation Council of Karnataka /or any other state in India 2. Assistant coordinator of CBR units must have completed Diploma in CBR or MRW

recognized by Rehabilitation Council of India.

Duration: Ten years .The CBR units can be sustained by Panchayath raj budget. Sustainability: CBR UNITS can be easily sustained by including the budget into existing Zilla Panchayath budgets. Disability is a PRI subject and many states have pro-active orders for facilitating such inclusion. D. Who can apply? Under Panchayath raj institution Tehsil level Panchayath (middle level PRI institutions), registered charitable trusts, District CBR society, DRC and charitable societies and not for profit companies, national institutes; Self-help groups can apply for grants. Duplication of CBR units not allowed under this scheme in a single tehsil /Taluk/block. E. Budget

I. Grant for Purchase of Vehicle


II. Construction of Building III. Grant for Computer IV. Projects for Low Vision Centers V. Half Way Home for Psychosocial Rehabilitation of Treated and Controlled Mentally Ill

Persons VI. District Disability Rehabilitation Centers (DDRCs) F. Cost per unit-Should not exceed Rs 2 lakh per tehsil/Taluk/block as defined in PRI. (All figures are in Indian rupees -1 lakh=100,000)

S. No. Item of Expenditure Budget

1. Recurring

(i) Honorarium for coordinator main CBR unit (1 post)

15,000 per month consolidated with 10 % increase each year or on par with the guidelines in CBR scheme

(ii) Honorarium for assistant coordinator (1 post for each gram panchayath.

50% reserved for women

25% reserved for persons with disability

15% reserved for SC/ST

10% general category

10,000 per month consolidated with 10 % increase each year or on par with the guidelines in CBR scheme

(iii) Other recurring items

Same as in other schemes

(iv) CBR services (refer sector B) 50000 per gram Panchayath per year (In many states orders are passed by the government for allocation 3% of rural development programmes for disability services)

(v) Travel 1500 per month x 12

2. Non-recurring

(I) PC (Data base management, Tele rehabilitation services and monitoring of CBR units)

30,000

(II) Two wheeler

1. Motor Bike (1)

2. Mopeds (one for each gram panchayath)

50% of cost of the vehicle will provided


State Disability wise data

Sl.no State Rural Urban Male Female Total 1 JAMMU & KASHMIR 273952 87201 204834 156319 361153 2 HIMACHAL PRADESH 142665 12651 86321 68995 155316 3 PUNJAB 430313 223750 379551 274512 654063 4 CHANDIGARH 346 14450 8743 6053 14796 5 UTTARAKHAND 134097 51175 102787 82485 185272 6 HARYANA 357663 188711 315533 230841 546374 7 NCT OF DELHI 6116 228766 138379 96503 234882 8 RAJASTHAN 1219186 344508 848287 715407 1563694 9 UTTAR PRADESH 3166615 990899 2364171 1793343 4157514 10 BIHAR 2046351 284658 1343100 987909 2331009 11 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 22308 4426 14245 12489 26734 12 NAGALAND 23549 6082 16148 13483 29631 13 MANIPUR 36051 18059 28783 25327 54110 14 MIZORAM 8627 6533 8198 6962 15160 15 TRIPURA 44942 19404 35482 28864 64346 16 MEGHALAYA 37566 6751 23326 20991 44317 17 ASSAM 415457 64608 257385 222680 480065 18 WEST BENGAL 1368942 648464 1127181 890225 2017406 19 JHARKHAND 597544 172436 426876 343104 769980 20 ODISHA 1067739 176663 674775 569627 1244402 21 CHHATTISGARH 498228 126709 334093 290844 624937 22 MADHYA PRADESH 1105704 446227 888751 663180 1551931 23 GUJARAT 570479 521823 612804 479498 1092302 24 DAMAN & DIU 777 1419 1300 896 2196 25 DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI 1956 1338 1893 1401 3294 26 MAHARASHTRA 1666135 1297257 1692285 1271107 2963392 27 ANDHRA PRADESH 1512961 753646 1224459 1042148 2266607 28 KARNATAKA 792694 531511 726521 597684 1324205 29 GOA 14622 18390 17016 15996 33012 30 LAKSHADWEEP 396 1219 838 777 1615 31 KERALA 414875 346968 394706 367137 761843 32 TAMIL NADU 621745 558218 657418 522545 1179963 33 ANDAMAN & NICOBAR

ISLANDS 4880 1780 3861 2799 6660

Cost of VDR and smart cards state wise based on 2011 disability census @Rs 97 per person


State Disability wise data

Sl.No

State In Seeing

In Hearing

In Speech

In Movement

Mental Retardation

Mental Illness

Any Other

Multiple Disability

1 JAMMU & KASHMIR

50142 51889 14872 47772 12214 11581 49399 36083

2 HIMACHAL PRADESH

26076 26700 8278 32550 8986 5166 29024 18536

3 PUNJAB 82199 146696 24549 130044 45070 21925 165607 60883 4 CHANDIGARH 1774 2475 961 3815 1090 756 2583 1342 5 UTTARAKHA

ND 29107 37681 12348 36996 11450 6443 30723 20524

6 HARYANA 82702 115527 21787 116026 30070 16191 116821 47250 7 NCT OF DELHI 30124 34499 15094 67383 16338 10046 37013 24385 8 RAJASTHAN 314618 218873 69484 427364 81389 41047 199696 211223 9 UTTAR

PRADESH 763988 1027835 266586 677713 181342 76603 946436 217011

10 BIHAR 549080 572163 170845 369577 89251 37521 431728 110844 11 ARUNACHAL

PRADESH 5652 8127 1538 3235 1264 631 3878 2409

12 NAGALAND 4150 8940 2294 3828 1250 995 4838 3336 13 MANIPUR 18226 10984 2504 5093 4506 1405 8050 3342 14 MIZORAM 2035 3354 1163 1976 1585 1050 1914 2083 15 TRIPURA 10828 11695 4567 11707 4307 2909 11825 6508 16 MEGHALAYA 6980 12353 2707 5312 2332 2340 8717 3576 17 ASSAM 80553 101577 39750 76007 26374 18819 87461 49524 18 WEST

BENGAL 424473 315192 147336 322945 136523 71515 402921 196501

19 JHARKHAND 180721 165861 46684 147892 37458 20157 112372 58835 20 ODISHA 263799 237858 68517 259899 72399 42837 172881 126212 21 CHHATTISGA

RH 111169 92315 28262 190328 33171 20832 76903 71957

22 MADHYA PRADESH

270751 267361 69324 404738 77803 39513 295035 127406

23 GUJARAT 214150 190675 60332 245879 66393 42037 197725 75111 24 DAMAN &

DIU 382 309 149 620 176 89 264 207

25 DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI

429 715 201 682 180 115 483 489

26 MAHARASHTRA

574052 473271 473610 548418 160209 58753 510736 164343

27 ANDHRA PRADESH

398144 334292 219543 538934 132380 43169 409775 190370

28 KARNATAKA 264170 235691 90741 271982 93974 20913 246721 100013


29 GOA 4964 5347 5272 5578 1817 1675 5784 2575 30 LAKSHADWE

EP 337 224 73 361 112 96 183 229

31 KERALA 115513 105366 41346 171630 65709 66915 96131 99233 32 TAMIL NADU 127405 220241 80077 287241 100847 32964 238392 145892 33 ANDAMAN &

NICOBAR ISLANDS

1084 1219 531 1593 294 364 838 737

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