a right to mobility - the urban unit (uspmu) › presentations › marquee...pakistan urban forum...

Pakistan Urban Forum ‐ Karachi January 10‐12, 2014

______________________________________________________________________________

A Right to Mobility

Ahmad Rafay AlamSaleem, Alam & Co.

Director, Urban Unit & LWMCMember, PHA & PEPCMember, PHA & PEPC


______________________________________________________________________________


______________________________________________________________________________

A city that is good for children the elderly the handicapped theA city that is good for children, the elderly, the handicapped, the poor, is good for everyone else.

Enrique Penalosa


______________________________________________________________________________

Hitting the Urbanization “Sweet Spot”

“Opportunities in an Urbanizing World” – Credit Suisse (2012):

• Per capita GDP generally superior in urban areas;• Emerging economies exhibit superior urban vs. rural per capital GDP

growth rates;g ;• Rapid urbanization associated with swift economic expansion; and• There is an urbanization sweet spot (30‐50% population urbanization

) i d b k it l GDP thrange) accompanied by peak per capital GDP growth


______________________________________________________________________________

Right to the City – David Harvey

“The question of what kind of city we want cannot be divorced from that of what kind of social ties, relationship to nature, lifestyles, technologies and aesthetic values we desire The right to the city is far more than theand aesthetic values we desire. The right to the city is far more than the individual liberty to access urban resources: it is a right to change ourselves by changing the city. It is, moreover, a common rather than an individual right since this transformation inevitably depends upon theindividual right since this transformation inevitably depends upon the exercise of a collective power to reshape the processes of urbanization. The freedom to make and remake our cities and ourselves is, I want to argue, one of the most precious yet most neglected of our human rights.”g p y g g


______________________________________________________________________________

Vehicle Ownership・ Car ownership is highest in Cantonment (more than double the study area) at about 40%about 40%

・ Gulberg and Iqbal towns have car ownership close to 30%

・ There are about 350,000 cars in the study areaIncome Distribution by Vehicle OwnershipM l hi i d i i h i

100000

120000

140000

Income Distribution by Vehicle Ownership・ Motorcycle ownership is dominant in the inner city towns and also in the rural areas

・ There are about 850,000 motorcycles in the study area

40000

60000

80000

100000

None

Bicycle

MC

Car/Van

y

・ Household income has a strong relationship with household vehicle ownership

・ Car is owned more as income level goes up

0

20000

40000

-200

0-4

000

-600

0-8

000

-100

00-1

2500

-150

00-1

7500

-200

00-2

5000

-300

00-4

0000

-500

00e

50,00

Others

g p

・ Motorcycle seems to be suitable for middle‐ to high‐income households with a monthly income of PKR 20 to 50 thousand

- - - - - - - - -m

ore


______________________________________________________________________________Modal Shares

‐Walk shares about 40%, motorcycle 22% (driver + passenger), public transport 20% (bus, wagon, rickshaw, etc.) and car 8%

‐ Female largely depends on walking and uses rickshaw relatively frequently

Female Male Total

Trips (000) % Trips (000) % Trips (000) %

Female largely depends on walking and uses rickshaw relatively frequently

‐Male uses motorcycles more than female

Trips (000) % Trips (000) % Trips (000) %

Walking 1,270 53.9 2,548 35.2 3,818 39.9

Bicycle 19 0.8 470 6.5 489 5.1

MC (Driver) - - 1,639 25.5 1,729 18.0

MC (Passenger) 182 7.7 241 3.3 423 4.4

Rickshaw, etc. 258 11.0 474 6.6 732 7.6

Car 188 8.0 615 8.5 803 8.4

Bus, wagon, etc. 224 9.5 973 13.5 1,197 12.5Bus, wagon, etc. 224 9.5 973 13.5 1,197 12.5

Others 163 6.9 231 3.2 394 4.1

Total 2,356 100.0 7,229 100.0 9,585 100.0

Modal Shares by Gender 2010Modal Shares by Gender, 2010


______________________________________________________________________________

Population Distribution‐ Population is mostly concentrated around the old city area in a p y yconcentric fashion‐ Linear developments along major arterial roads‐ The population around the city centre accounts for over 66%

l ti i i t l 10% f th t d

Historical Urbanization Trends

population in approximately 10% of the study area‐ Population density in Lahore is still considerably lower than similar cities in Asia ‐ Age groups 15‐19 and 20‐24 form the peak for both male and female

60-64

65-69

70-74

75+

Male

Female

Age Structure of Lahore

5- 9

10-14

15-19

20-24

25-29

30-34

35-39

40-44

45-49

50-54

55-59Age Structure of Lahore Population, 2010

(800) (600) (400) (200) 0 200 400 600 800 1,000

0- 4


______________________________________________________________________________

Person TripsNo. Mode No. of Trips (000) %

1 Walking 3839 39 9

Number of Person Trips in the Study Area by Mode, 2010

‐In the study area, about 9.6 million trips are made a day 1 Walking 3839 39.9

2 Bicycle 491 5.1

3 M/C Driver 1735 18.0

4 M/C Pax 425 4.4

5 Car Driver 535 5.6

day

‐However, about 3.8 million trips or 40% of the total trips are of short‐distance walking

‐ Excluding walking, about 5.8 million trips are made on a usual weekday 6 Car Pax 267 2.8

7 Wagon 401 4.2

8 Mazda 103 1.1

9 Public Bus 698 7.2

10 Rickshaw 420 4.4

a usual weekday

‐On average, the residents in Lahore make 0.97 trips a day including walking or 0.58 trips a day excluding walking

This is very low at almost less than half level compared11 Qinggi 318 3.3

12 Taxi 3 0.0

13 Tourist Bus 4 0.0

14 Company Bus 82 0.8

Male Female Total

Including 1.32 0.53 0.97

‐This is very low at almost less‐than‐half level compared to mega‐cities in Asia such as Manila, Ho Chi Minh and Jakarta

15 School Bus 261 2.7

16 Truck 6 0.1

17 Train 5 0.1

18 Air 1 0.0

19 Others 38 0.4

gwalking

Excluding walking

0.86 0.24 0.58Trip Rate, 2010

Total 9631 100.0


______________________________________________________________________________

Fundamental Right to MobilityArticle 15 of the Constitution: Freedom of movement

Every citizen shall have the right to remain in, and, subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the public interest, enter and move freely throughout Pakistan and to reside and settle in an part thereof.


______________________________________________________________________________

• About choices:‐ Walking‐ CyclingCycling‐ Motorcycle‐ Rickshaw‐ Taxi‐ BusBus‐ Motor car‐ Escalator‐ Elevator

– Protecting the FR of Mobility means ensuring these options are always available.– Anything that unreasonably

t i t h i h ld brestricts our choices should be seen as an impingement of the FR of Mobility.


______________________________________________________________________________


______________________________________________________________________________

Women and Transport


______________________________________________________________________________


______________________________________________________________________________

Safer Transport for Women Initiative


______________________________________________________________________________


______________________________________________________________________________

Do Pakistani cities provide such opportunities?

• Axiom of Pakistani Urbanism:

• A street cricket match isid f d i levidence of dense social

infrastructure. That is beingignored!!!


______________________________________________________________________________


______________________________________________________________________________

People People v.sv.s CarsCarspp


______________________________________________________________________________

Symbol: Symbol: PedestriansPedestrians are are importantimportant


______________________________________________________________________________

Thank You – Be GreenThank You Be Green


______________________________________________________________________________

a right to mobility - the urban unit (uspmu) › presentations › marquee...pakistan urban forum...

Documents