a study of farmers’ awareness on agricultural schemes in

International Journal of Management and Economics ISSN: 2231 – 4687

Impact Factor-6.81 (SJIF)

Vol. I No. 26 November -2018 UGC Referred Journal No:-64206

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A study Of farmers’ Awareness on AGRICULTURal schemes IN NORTH-

GOA * Vibha Pai Angle ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- INTRODUCTION

Goa, is a tiny state located on west coast of India, spread over in an area of 3.61 sq.km. The state is

flanked on the east by Sahyadri Mountains and on the west with Arabian sea.. Goa is a rich treasure of biodiversity. Agriculture in Goa is one of the important economic activities in the state. Goa faces

problem for enough cultivable land to feed its own population. The coastal areas are exposed to salinity

and do not qualify as good agricultural areas, while the inland areas are not productive enough. Goa being

a small state is dependent on its neighboring states for its day-to-day needs like milk, poultry and

vegetables. However, approximately one-third of the total land in Goa falls under forest areas and yields

substantial profits. The state agricultural department has provided the necessary fillip to farmers by

introduction of new schemes in this sector to attract the younger generation towards agriculture. The

efforts have yielded the desired results and the Goa Government have been appreciated by Government of

India and the state has been award prestigious “KRISHI KARMANYE AWARD” for higher

productivity in pulses, oilseeds and cereal crops.

For its day-to-day needs of agricultural produce like vegetables, Goa is dependent on Karnataka and

Maharashtra. However, approximately one-third of the total land in Goa falls under forest areas and yields

substantial profits. The government, however, has done much to improve and develop agriculture in Goa

to make it more productive, thus enabling the farmers to get a better return for their labor. Rice and fish

being the staple diet of the people, paddy becomes the principal crop in the scenario of agriculture in Goa.

The important crops, apart from paddy, are ragi, maize, jowar, bajra and pulses. Cash crops like coconut,

cashew-nut, arecanut, mango, jackfruit, banana, pineapple are also grown in abundance.The vegetables

that form a part of the agriculture in Goa are brinjal, lady's fingers, radish, cucumber, pumpkins,

drumsticks, breadfruit and different varieties of gourds.

OBJECTIVES 0F THE STUDY: 1. To examine the awareness about the various agricultural schemes and incentives among the farmers in

North Goa.

2. To identify the variety of crops grown by agriculturalist in North Goa .

3. To examine the source of finance by the agriculturist in North-Goa.

Research Methodology:

The Study involves the collection of both primary and secondary sources of data.

� Primary data and information was collected through questionnaire method. The questionnaire was given

to 150 farmers.

� The secondary source of information was websites, books, booklets ,citizen charters, newspapers

Agricultural Schemes for Farmers in Goa:

A. Irrigation

� Assistance for installation of new pumpset for irrigation (including upgradation)

� Assistance for replacement of old pumpset for above 5 HP pumpsets and add on gadgets.

� Installation of drip irrigation system

� Installation of sprinkler system

B. Agronomy

� Availability of quality certified seed made available for promotion of higher productivity &production

of food grains crops and food security of the state. (paddy, pulses, groundnut).

� Support for farmers in order to get an assured price for sugarcane crops.

� Support is provided to farmers for paddy crop sold to authorized paddy purchase agencies..

� Support for farmers in order to get an assured price for Alsando crops, sold to co-operate societies.

� Distribution of new &improved varieties seed of paddy, pulses & groundnut.

� Assistance for traditional fencing like barbed/GI wire, stone wall, Synthetic chain Link or wire mesh

to individual farmers/community farmers groups to save crops from domestic & wild animals. .

C. Training & Extension For Farmers

To conduct e-workshops/Exhibition/Seminars/Krishi Melas on various issues of agriculture and allied -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

* Dept. of commerce Dct’s S.S. Dempo College Of Commerce And Economics,Cujira Goa




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� sector by Department, NGO, farmers club etc.

� Eight Goan students are given financial support for undergoing degree courses in Agriculture & allied

fields.

� Incentives to encourage farmers every year on the occasion of Goa Liberation day in the field of

Agriculture and Pure Organic Farming.

D. Machinery & Technology

� Subsidy on hire charges while booking Government machinery and those from registered

agencies/individual on tractor, mini tractor.

� Assistance for purchase of Agri-Machinery like transplanter, tractor, power tiller, sprayer, weed

cutter, juicer extractor, sprayer, mini-tiller, manually operated power operated power operated etc.

� Removing shrubs, bushes weeds by using power driven machine/manual. E. Plant Protection

� Supply of pesticide to manage seed borne pest & diseases affecting crops.

� Assistance for purchase of plant protection equipment for protection of crops like sprayers.

study Analysis interpretation:

The study was an attempt to analyse awareness of various schemes and incentives concerning agriculturist

particularly in the North-Goa district A survey was conducted whereby 150 agriculturist from six talukas of North - Goa were randomly picked and close ended questionnaire was administered. Analysis is

depicted by bar graphs and pie charts.

Table A.1 Gender Respondents

GENDER RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

Male 111 74%

Female 39 26%

TOTAL 150 100%

Source: Primary

Source: Primary Fig. no. A.1 Fig.no. A1 Pie Chart shows that the total respondents surveyed were 150 of which 74% were males and

26% were female.involved in agricultural activities

Table A.2 Age Group of respondents

Age RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

25-35 years 15 10%

35-45 years 45 30%

45-55 years 54 36%

55 years and above 36 24%

TOTAL 150 100%

Source: Primary

Male

111

74%

Female

39

26%

GENDER

International Journal of Management and Economics

Vol. I No. 26

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Source: Primary

In above fig.No. A.2 bar graph represents the age group of the agriculturist surveyed. Majority of the

agriculturist pertain to the age group of 45

While around 24% correlate to 55 years and above

Table A.3 Krishi Card Holder

Krishi card R

Yes 57

No 93

Total 150

Source: Primary

Source: Primary

Fig.no. A.3 equates to the Krishi Card holders. Substantial

while a 38% respondants gained it.

Table A.4 Agricultural Produce

Area Rice/paddy

Ponda Taluka 24

Tiswadi Taluka 23

BicholimTaluka 23

Pernem Taluka 16

No

KRISHI CARD HOLDERS

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

25-35 years

International Journal of Management and Economics ISSN: 2231

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November -2018 UGC Referred Journal No:

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Fig.no. A.2


agriculturist pertain to the age group of 45-55 years. Whereas 30% belong to the group

While around 24% correlate to 55 years and above age group and a splinter group of 10 % to 25

Respondents Percentage

57 38%

93 62%

150 100%

Fig.no. A.3

ig.no. A.3 equates to the Krishi Card holders. Substantially 62% agriculturist do not posses

.

Vegetables Fruits Cereals

20 3 5

8 2 2

16 8 15

14 10 11

Yes

KRISHI CARD HOLDERS

35-45 years 45-55 years 55 years and above

AGE GROUP

NUMBER OF RESPONDENTS

ISSN: 2231 – 4687


red Journal No:-64206

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belong to the group of 35-45 years.

and a splinter group of 10 % to 25-35 years.

ly 62% agriculturist do not posses krishi card

others

1

1

13

18

55 years and above


Vol. I No. 26

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Bardez Taluka 24

Sattari Taluka 23

Source: Primary

Source: Primary

The above fig.no. A4 depicts that maximum produce from farming is from BicholimTaluka while the

most widely produce is paddy in North Goa.

Table A.5 Buyers of Agricultural produce

Buyers Ponda

Taluka

Tiswadi

Taluka

Government 7 4

Wholesalers 10 4

Retailers 1 0

Consumers 10 12

Self

consumption

0 5

Source: Primary

Source: Primary

Fig.no. A5 represents the sale of produce . A greater share of agriculturist sell their product directly to

consumers. While a very less respondents

sold to wholesalers, government and a less share to retailers.

Table A.6 Awareness of Agricultural

Schemes

Awareness

Ponda

Taluka

Tiswa

Taluka

Aware 15 21

Unaware 10 4

24 23

208

3

2

5

2

1

1

0

20

40

60

80

Ponda taluka Tiswadi taluka

Rice/paddy

7 104 44 14 2 50

20

Government Wholesellers



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15 5 3

19 11 7

Source: Primary Fig.no. A.4


most widely produce is paddy in North Goa.

Agricultural produce

Tiswadi

aluka

Bicholim

Taluka

Pernem

Taluka

Bardez

Taluka

4 14 2

3 8 0

4 12 0

5 10 16

12 0 7

Fig.no. A.5

the sale of produce . A greater share of agriculturist sell their product directly to

respondents use the produce for self consumption, whereas a part

, government and a less share to retailers.

Agricultural Schemes

Tiswadi

Taluka

Pernem

Taluka

Bardez

Taluka

Bicholim

Taluka

17 24 11

8 1 14

23 16 24

1614

15

810

5

1511 3

1318

1

Tiswadi taluka Bicholim taluka Pernem taluka Bardez taluka

PRODUCE

Rice/paddy Vegetables Fruits Cereals others

1 100 123 4 58 12 100 0 1612 3 13

Wholesellers Retailers Consumers

BuyersTiswadi taluka Bicholim taluka Pernem taluka Bardez taluka

ISSN: 2231 – 4687



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1

11


Bardez

aluka

Sattari

Taluka

5

12

3

13

0

the sale of produce . A greater share of agriculturist sell their product directly to

use the produce for self consumption, whereas a part of it is

Bicholim Sattari

Taluka

16

9

23

19

117

11

Sattari taluka

0 5 12 0 7 0

Self consumption

Bardez taluka Sattari taluka


Vol. I No. 26

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Source: Primary

Source: Primary

The above fig.no. A.6 depicts awareness of different schemes provided by the government. Majority of

the people are aware of the schemes while a very few are unaware.

Table A.7 Sources of Finance

Source Ponda

Taluka

Tiswadi

Taluka

Pernem

Taluka

Bank loan 1 1 12

Co-

operative

societies

0 7 6

Savings 24 17 7

Source: Primary

Source: Primary Fig.no.A.7 exhibits the sources of finance used by the farmers to fund their agricultural activities. Largely

the farmers use their own savings for carrying out agricultural activities whereas very less number of

agriculturist take loans.

Table A.8 Porcurement of Seeds

Seed Suppliers

Own/self

Government

Suppliers

Total

Source: Primary

1 01 12 1 5 50

10

20

30

Bank loan Co


AWARENESS OF SCHEMES

Ponda


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127

Fig.no.A.6

awareness of different schemes provided by the government. Majority of

the people are aware of the schemes while a very few are unaware.

Pernem

aluka

Bardez

Taluka

Bicholim

Taluka

Sattari

Taluka

12 1 5 5

1 5 1

23 15 19

Source: Primary Fig.no. A.7 Fig.no.A.7 exhibits the sources of finance used by the farmers to fund their agricultural activities. Largely


Number of agriculturist Percentage

45 30%

39 26%

66 44%

150 100%

24

717

6 71

23

515

1

19

Co-operative socities Savings

Sources of finance

Tiswadi taluka Pernem taluka Bardez taluka Bicholim taluka

0200

AWARENESS OF SCHEMES

Tiswadi Pernem Bardez Bicholim Sattari

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awareness of different schemes provided by the government. Majority of

Fig.no.A.7 exhibits the sources of finance used by the farmers to fund their agricultural activities. Largely


Sattari taluka


Vol. I No. 26

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Source: Primary

The above fig.no. A.8 personifies from where the farmers acquire the seeds for cultivation. 44% of the agriculturist purchase the seeds from suppliers. While a very few i.e26% buy from government and rest

utilize their own seeds.

Table A.9 Ownership of machinery

Source: Primary

Source: Primary

The above pie chart demonstrates that 70% of respondents do not use their own machinery and depend on

machinery which is hired on lease basis and rest depend on own machinery.

Table A.10 Involvement in agriculture

Involvement Agriculture business(yrs)

Number of respondents

0-1 13

1-2 15

3 years and above 122

Total 150

Source: Primary

Own machinery

Yes

No

Total


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128

Fig.no. A.8


machinery

Fig.no. A.9

chart demonstrates that 70% of respondents do not use their own machinery and depend on

machinery which is hired on lease basis and rest depend on own machinery.

in agriculture business(yrs)

Number of respondents percentage

8.67%

10%

122 81.33%

150 100%

30%

26%

44%

SEED PURCHASE

0000 30%

70%

00

MACHINERY

Number of respondents Percentage

45 30%

105 70%

150 100%

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chart demonstrates that 70% of respondents do not use their own machinery and depend on

Own

Government

Suppliers

Yes

No


Vol. I No. 26

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Source: Primar y

The above bar graph indicates that most of the farmers i.e 81.33% have been carrying out agricultural activities for more than 3 years which signifies that they are

FINDINGS:

� Majority of farmers do not possess krish

� Large number of agriculturist are awar

� Largely the farmers use their own savings for carrying out agricultural activities

that a very few of the agriculturists take loans from financial institutions

� Majority of agriculturist do not avail schemes due to the complexities involved in availing the schemes.

� The study found that majority of household engage

Suggestions : � Easy Access of Schemes: The formalities involved in availing of schemes and subsidies should be made

simpler and within the reach of common farmers.

� Awareness Programmes: Awareness programmes, workshops, meetings, trainings

every village atleast a month for the benefit of farmers in maintaining quantitative and qualitative

output/produce.

� Involvement of young generation

farming potential and thereby enhance the farming sector.

Conclusion

The study concluded that many agriculturist are carry on their ancestral business. Majority of the respondents earning a living from selling the produce.

activities are gainful as it is not only fetches income but also keeps one fit and healthy. Many farmers

involve their family members to help them which leads to good relation among them as well the

youngsters learn from the same.

There are many schemes introduced by the government

them. While some who know majority have not availed them due to

of the agriculturist do not own lands/farms. They either have hi

because of which the paper work to avail schemes becomes difficult.

There were some suggestions from the farmers like zonal agriculture office authorities should conduct

more seminars frequently to make them aware about various

avail those easily.

References:

B.B.Mohanty, “Regional Disparity in Agricultural Development of Maharashtra” Weekly Feb 7, 2009.

Dhanagare, D.N., “Maharasthratil Samajsastriya Sansodhan Kahi

in Samajsastra Sansodhan Patrika, Volume 14/15, 2013.

Dandekar, Hemalata C , Men to Bombay Women at Home: Urban Influence on Sugao Village, Deccan

Maharashtra, India..

Hiramani, A.B, “Social Change in Rural India: A Publishing Corporation 1977.

0

50

100

150

0-1 years2-3years

13 158.67%10%


Impact Factor


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129

Fig. no. A.10

indicates that most of the farmers i.e 81.33% have been carrying out agricultural for more than 3 years which signifies that they are practicing farming since hereditary

do not possess krishi card .

Large number of agriculturist are aware of various scheme but a very few have availed them.

Largely the farmers use their own savings for carrying out agricultural activities The study also reveals

very few of the agriculturists take loans from financial institutions.

Majority of agriculturist do not avail schemes due to the complexities involved in availing the schemes.

found that majority of household engage in farming activities are family members .

The formalities involved in availing of schemes and subsidies should be made

simpler and within the reach of common farmers.

Awareness programmes, workshops, meetings, trainings


Involvement of young generation :More focus must be thrown on young blood to give an insight to

ereby enhance the farming sector.

The study concluded that many agriculturist are carry on their ancestral business. Majority of the respondents earning a living from selling the produce. Majority of the agriculturist feel that agricultural



troduced by the government of goa but many farmers are unaware about

them. While some who know majority have not availed them due to the difficult procedure involved. Most

ds/farms. They either have hire purchase lands or communidade lands

because of which the paper work to avail schemes becomes difficult.


seminars frequently to make them aware about various new schemes, subsidies and guide them to

B.B.Mohanty, “Regional Disparity in Agricultural Development of Maharashtra” Economic and Political

Dhanagare, D.N., “Maharasthratil Samajsastriya Sansodhan Kahi Durlaxit Parasncha Magova, Published

, Volume 14/15, 2013.


Hiramani, A.B, “Social Change in Rural India: A Study of two Villages in Maharashtra, Delhi, B.R.

3years3years and

above

122

010%

81.33%0

Years in Business


percentage

ISSN: 2231 – 4687



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

indicates that most of the farmers i.e 81.33% have been carrying out agricultural hereditary.

ew have availed them.

The study also reveals

Majority of agriculturist do not avail schemes due to the complexities involved in availing the schemes.

family members .

The formalities involved in availing of schemes and subsidies should be made

should be held in


More focus must be thrown on young blood to give an insight to

The study concluded that many agriculturist are carry on their ancestral business. Majority of the Majority of the agriculturist feel that agricultural



many farmers are unaware about

difficult procedure involved. Most

or communidade lands


subsidies and guide them to

Economic and Political

Durlaxit Parasncha Magova, Published


Study of two Villages in Maharashtra, Delhi, B.R.


percentage




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130

Borkar, V.V. and Padhye.M.D, Purna River-Valley Project: A Study of the Socio-Economic Benefits,

Aurangabad, Marathwada University Press 1965.

Patil, R.G. S.D. Suryawanshi and P.M.Kapase, An Investigation into the Socio-Economic Condition in

Ghod Irrigation Project Area, Maharashtra. Rahuri, Department of Agricultural Economics, Mahatma

Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth 1980.

B.C. Barik, “Irrigated Agriculture and Social Change: A Evidences from Marathwada region”, Submitted

report to the UGC,New Delhi 2010.

Damle, Jasmine, Beyond Economic Development: A Case Study of Marathwada, New Delhi, Mittal

Publication 2001.

Dhanagare, D.N., “ The Model of Agrarian Classes in India, in Dipankar Gupta (ed) , Social Stratification,

Oxford University Press, Delhi 1991. Dandekar, V.M, Maharashtrachi Gramin Samajik Rachana (Marathi), Gokhale Institute of Politics and

Economics, Poona 1957.

Pandey, M.P, „Evaluation of Benefits of Irrigation on Rural Development: A Case Study of Command

Area, New Delhi, Concept Publications 1979.

Goudappa S.B., Reddy B. S. and Chandrashekhar S.M. 2012. Farmers Perception and Awareness about

Crop Insurance in Karnataka. Indian Research Journal of Extension Education, Special Issue (Volume II):

218-222. Raju,S.S and Ramesh Chand. 2007. Progress and Problems in Agricultural Insurance in India, Economic

and Political Weekly, May 26, 1905-1908.

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a study of farmers’ awareness on agricultural schemes in

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