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A STUDY OF FOUNDATION SCOUR IN A STUDY OF FOUNDATION SCOUR IN THE EAST COAST OF SRI LANKA THE EAST COAST OF SRI LANKA
DUE TO TSUNAMI 2004DUE TO TSUNAMI 2004
V. SUTHAGARAN, V. KANDEEPAN,V. SUTHAGARAN, V. KANDEEPAN,G. KALATHEEPAN, AND H.N. SENEVIRATNEG. KALATHEEPAN, AND H.N. SENEVIRATNE
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERINGDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERINGUNIVERSITY OF PERADENIYAUNIVERSITY OF PERADENIYA
SRI LANKASRI LANKA
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TSUNAMI 2004TSUNAMI 2004WORST NATURAL DISASTER ON RECORDWORST NATURAL DISASTER ON RECORD
OVER 31,000 DEATHSOVER 31,000 DEATHS
OVER 2 BILLION U.S. DOLLARS DAMAGEOVER 2 BILLION U.S. DOLLARS DAMAGE
NEXT LARGEST NATURAL DISASTER ON RECORD NEXT LARGEST NATURAL DISASTER ON RECORD CAUSED ONLY ABOUT 1000 DEATHSCAUSED ONLY ABOUT 1000 DEATHS
BROUGHT THE REALITY OF NATURAL DISASTERS BROUGHT THE REALITY OF NATURAL DISASTERS TO SRI LANKANSTO SRI LANKANS
IN TERMS OF PER CAPITA LOSS SRI LANKA WAS IN TERMS OF PER CAPITA LOSS SRI LANKA WAS WORST HITWORST HIT
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INUNDATION MAP
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AFFECTED DISTRICTS
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BATTICALOA DISTRICTBATTICALOA DISTRICT
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GEOTECHNICAL SUMMARYGEOTECHNICAL SUMMARYMAIN CAUSE OF DAMAGE MAIN CAUSE OF DAMAGE –– SCOURSCOUR
SOME OVERTURNING SOME OVERTURNING -- TILTTILT
SOME SETTLEMENT FAILURESSOME SETTLEMENT FAILURES
SOME DRAWDOWN FAILURESSOME DRAWDOWN FAILURES
NO RECORDS OF OTHER PHENOMENONNO RECORDS OF OTHER PHENOMENON
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Scouring Foundation Settlement
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Tilting of Foundation Drawdown Failure of Embankment
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Overturning of Building
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AIM:AIM:To study the scour patterns around the foundation of To study the scour patterns around the foundation of buildings due to tsunami wave action.buildings due to tsunami wave action.
OBJECTIVES:OBJECTIVES:To identify and measure the depth, shape and To identify and measure the depth, shape and position of scour holesposition of scour holes
To analysis the effect of environment, wave action To analysis the effect of environment, wave action and other factors on scouringand other factors on scouring
To study suitable foundation types for low cost To study suitable foundation types for low cost buildings in tsunami areasbuildings in tsunami areas
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DEFINITION OF SCOURDEFINITION OF SCOUR
Scour is defined as theScour is defined as the removal of removal of hydrodynamic force of granular bed material in hydrodynamic force of granular bed material in the vicinity of coastal structures.the vicinity of coastal structures.
It occurs whenever the It occurs whenever the hydrodynamic bottom hydrodynamic bottom shear stress is greater than the sediment critical shear stress is greater than the sediment critical shear stress.shear stress.
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Scour at vertical wallScour at vertical wall
Sm = Hmax -or- Sm = h
Sm - Maximum depth of scouringHmax - Maximum wave heighth - Pre scour water depth at wall
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STUDY AREA
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SITE LOCATIONSITE LOCATION
060607 41 24.1 07 41 24.1 081 44 07.5 081 44 07.5 PalamunaiPalamunai
4040All DivisionsAll Divisions
010107 35 02.607 35 02.6081 47 17.6081 47 17.6Chettipalayam northChettipalayam north
151507 43 03.007 43 03.0081 42 58.1081 42 58.1KathankudyKathankudy
181807 43 38.807 43 38.8081 42 39.7081 42 39.7NavaladiNavaladi
Long(N)Long(N)Lat(E)Lat(E)No. of HousesNo. of Houses
CoordinateCoordinateLocationLocation
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GEOTECHNICAL ASPECTSGEOTECHNICAL ASPECTS
NAVALADI AREA CONFINED BETWEEN NAVALADI AREA CONFINED BETWEEN LAGOON AND SEALAGOON AND SEA
ALL AREA FLAT WITH DEEP SAND DEPOSITSALL AREA FLAT WITH DEEP SAND DEPOSITS
GROUNDWATER TABLE NOT VERY SHALLOW GROUNDWATER TABLE NOT VERY SHALLOW (< 2 m)(< 2 m)
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DATA COLLECTEDDATA COLLECTEDLOCATION OF BUILDINGS LOCATION OF BUILDINGS –– GPS GPS –– DISTANCE FROM DISTANCE FROM SHORELINESHORELINE
TYPE OF FAILURETYPE OF FAILURE
SHAPE, DEPTH, AND WIDTH OF SCOUR HOLESHAPE, DEPTH, AND WIDTH OF SCOUR HOLE
POSITION OF SCOUR HOLE (SEA/LAND SIDE)POSITION OF SCOUR HOLE (SEA/LAND SIDE)
OBSTRUCTIONS TO BUILDINGSOBSTRUCTIONS TO BUILDINGS
TYPE OF SOIL, WATERTABLE POSITIONTYPE OF SOIL, WATERTABLE POSITION
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OBSERVATIONSOBSERVATIONS
3.43.410.210.20.70.71.21.24040All DivisionsAll Divisions
3.03.09.49.40.60.61.21.20606PalamunaiPalamunai
2.52.55.55.50.80.80.80.80101Chettipalayam Chettipalayam northnorth
4.24.210.010.00.60.61.01.01515KattankudyKattankudy
3.83.810.210.20.70.71.21.21818NavaladiNavaladi
AverageAverageMaximumMaximumAverageAverageMaximumMaximum
Width (m)Width (m)Depth (m)Depth (m)No. of No. of houseshouses
DivisionDivision
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Shape of the foundation layoutShape of the foundation layoutCircular Circular –– or or -- Elliptical Elliptical
Distance from shorelineDistance from shoreline50 to 100 m50 to 100 m
Obstructions to the buildingObstructions to the buildingNot affect to the scouringNot affect to the scouring
FACTORS INFLUENCING SCOURING
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Sample 01Sample 01
Recommended designRecommended design
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Sample 02Sample 02
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Sample 03Sample 03
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THANK YOUTHANK YOU