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x|d`h |d~|dud`xu b Ltii ab|jdx) wod|d bu b hmw`wb|h ^|fab|v x|d`hu |d~|dud`xu bLdb| ab|jdx. B abkm| t~wb|h amsd fu ubfh xm meet|d wod` xod ofgo ~mf`x mc dbeo

|biiv fu ofgod| xob` xod ofgod| ~mf`x mc xod ~|meddhf`g sbitd b`h xod imw ~mf`x mc dbeo

hdeif`d fu ofgod| xob` xod imw ~mf x mc xod ~|meddhf`g hdeif`d ifjdwfud. B abkm|

hmw`wb|h amsd fu ubfh xm meet|d xod` xod ofgo ~mf`x mc dbeo |biiv fu imwd| xob` xod

ofgod| ~mf`x mc xod ~|dedhf`g hdeif`d.

Xod cmiimwf`g g|b~o uomwu xobx ^|fab|v x|d`h mc Ltii Ab|jdx.

~ | f e d

h b x d

Xod cmiimwf`g g|b~o uomwu xod ~|fab|v idsdi mc Ldb| Ab|jdx.

2?

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H b x d

~ | f e d

Udem`hb|v X|d`h;

Xod udem`hb|v x|d`h m| f`xd|adhfbxd x|d`h amsdu bgbf`ux xod abf` x|d`hu

b`h idbhu xm em||dexfm`. F` xod ltii ab|jdx xod udem`hb|v x|d`h wmtih |dutix f` xod

cbii 55 33 $ mc xod db|ifd| |fud. F` xod ldb| ab|jdx xod udem`hb|v x|d`h eb||fdu xod

~|fed t~wb|h b`h em||dex xod abf` x|d`h. Xod em||dexfm` wmtih ld 55 33 $ mc xod

db|ifd| cbii. F`xd|adhfbxd x|d`h em||dexu msd| lmtgox b`h msd| umih em`hfxfm .

Ema~b|dh xm xod xfad xbjd` cm| xod ~|fab|v x|d`h) udem`hb|v x|d`h fu uofcx b`h rtfej.

Xod cmiimwf`g cfgt|d uomwu xod udem`hb|v amsdad`x.

26

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H b x d

Af`m| X|d`h ;

Af`m| x|d`hu b|d ufa~iv xod hbfiv ~|fed citextbxfm`u. Af`m| x|d`hu x|fdu xm

em||dex xod udem`hb|v x|d`h amsdad`x. Fx fu ldxxd| cm| xod f`sduxm|u xm em`ed`x|bxd

m` ~|fab|v m| udem`hb|v x|d`hu xob` m` xod af`m| x|d`hu.

EOB\XU

Xdeo`febi b`bivuxu tud b sb|fdxv mc eob|xf g xdeo`frtdu. Eob|xu b|d xod

sbitblid b`h dbufdux xmmiu f` xod xdeo`febi b`bivufu. Xod g|b~ofe ~|dud`xbxfm` mc xod

hbxb odi~u xod f`sduxm| xm cf`h mtx xod x|d`h mc xod ~|fed wfxomtx b`v hfccfetixv. Xod

eob|xu bium obsd xod cmiimwf`g tudu.

2 U~mx xod et||d`x x|d`h cm| ltvf`g b`h udiif`g

< F`hfebxd xod ~|mlblid ctxt|d bexfm` mc xod ab|jdx lv xod ~|mkdexfm`

5 Uomw xod ~bux ofuxm|fe amsdad`x

8 F`hfebxd xod fa~m|xb x b|dbu mc ut~~m|x b`h |dufuxb`ed

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Cmiimwf`g b|d xod fa~m|xb`x eob|xu tudh lv xdeo`febi b`bivux.

If`d Eob|x;

Fx fu xod ufa~idux ~|fed eob|x. F` xofu eob|x xod eimuf`g ~|fedu mc b uob|d b|d

~imxdh m` xod _V g|b~o m` b hbv!xm!hbv lbufu. Xod eimuf`g ~|fed mc dbeo hbv wmtih

ld |d~|dud`xdh lv b ~mf`x m` xod _V g|b~o.

Bii xodud ~mf`x wmtih ld em``dexdh lv b ux|bfgox if`d) wofeo wmtih f`hfebxd xod

x|d`h mc xod ab|jdx. Xod cmiimwf`g eob|x uomwu xod if`d eob|x.

Lb| eob|x;

Fx fu xod amux ~m~tib| eob|x tudh lv xdeo`febi b`bivuxu. F` xofu eob|x xod

ofgodux ~|fed xod imwdux ~|fed b`h xod eimuf`g ~|fed mc dbeo hbv b|d rtmxdh m` b hbv!xm!hbv lbufu lv cff`g xod ofgodux ~|fed b`h imwdux ~|fed mc b ~b|xfetib| hbv lv b

sd|xfebi if`d. Xod xm~ mc lb| |d~|dud`xu xod imwdux ~|fed mc xod hbv b`h b uabii

om|f{m`xbi if`d m` xod |fgox mc xod lb| fu tudh xm |d~|dud`x xod eimuf`g ~|fed mc xod

hbv.b` dba~id mc ~|fed lb| eob|x uomw` f` xod cmiimwf`g cfgt|d.

^mf`x b`h cfgt|d eob|x;

^mf`x b`h cfgt|d eob|x obu xod cmiimwf`g cdbxt|du)

2& M` b ^CE m`iv ufg`fcfeb x ~|fed eob`gdu b|d |dem|hdh. Cm| dba~id) cm| b

uxmej xobx obu b ~|fed f` xod |b`gd mc) ubv 5>!4> \u. ~|fed eob`gdu m`d |t~dd

m| am|d m`iv abv ld ~muxdh.

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Kb~b`fdu Eb`hiduxfej Eob|x ;

Xod Kb~b`fdu eb`hiduxfej eob|x uomwu xod ofgodux ~|fed) xod imwdux ~|fed) xod

m~d`f`g ~|fed b`h xod eimuf`g ~|fed mc uob|du m` b hbv xm hbv lbufu. Xod ofgodux

~|fed b`h imwdux ~|fed mc b hbv b|d kmf dh lv b sd|xfebi lb|. Xod m~d`f`g ~|fed b`h

eimuf`g ~|fed mc xod hbv) wofeo wmtih cbii ldimw xod ofgodux) b`h xod im`gdux ~|fed

wmtih ld |d~|dud`xdh lv b |dexb`gid. Um xobx xod ~|fed lb| eob|x immj ifjd b

eb`hiduxfej. Xotu dbeo hbvu mc bexfsfxv fu |d~|dud`xdh lv b eb`hiduxfej.

Xod|d b|d abf`iv xo|dd xv~du mc eb`hiduxfej Xod wofxd) xod libej) xod hmgf m|

`dtx|bi eb`hiduxfej. B wofxd eb`hiduxfej fu tudh xm ~|dud`x b ufxtbxfm`. Wod|d xod

eimuf`g ~|fed mc xod hbv fu ofgod| xob` xod m~d`f`g ~|fed. B libej eb`hiduxfej fu tudh

wod` xod eimuf`g ~|fed mc xod hbv fu imwd| xob` xod m~d f`g ~|fed. Xotu wofxd

eb`hiduxfej f`hfebxdu b ltiifuo x|d`h b`h b libej eb`hiduxfej f`hfebxdu b ldb|fuo

x|d`h. B hmgf eb`hiduxfej fu xod m`d wod|d xod m~d`f`g ~|fed b`h xod eimuf`g ~|fed mc

xod hbv b|d ubad. B Kb~b`fdu eb`hiduxfej uxmej fu fiitux|bxdh ldimw.

X\D@HU B@H X\D@H \DSD\UBI

X|d`h fu xod hf|dexfm` mc amsdad`x mc uob|d ~|fed f` xod ab|jdx. Wod` ~|fedu

amsd t~wb|hu) fx fu b |fuf`g x|d`h m| t~ x|d`h. Wod` xod ~|fedu amsd hmw` wb|hu fx

fu b cbiif`g x|d`h m| hmw` x|d`h. Xod|d fu b cibx x|d`h wod` xod ~|fedu amsd wfxo f` b

`b||mw |b`gd.

Xod eob`gd f` xod hf|dexfm` mc x|d`h fu |dcd||dh xm bu x|d`h |dsd|ubi b uob|d

xobx doflfxu. B |fuf`g x|d`h abv uxb|x xm am|d `b||mwiv m| cbii bcxd| umad xfad. Xofu

eob`gd f` xod hf|dexfm` mc amsdad`x |d~|dud`xu b x|d`h |dsd|ubi. Xod |dsd|ubi c|ma

b |fuf`g x|d`h xm b cbiif`g x|d`h fu ab|jdh lv xod cm|abxfm` mc imwd| xm~ b`h imwd|

lmxxma. F` xod ubad wbv xod |dsd|ubi c|ma b cbiif`g x|d`h xm |fuf`g x|d`h fu

eob|bexd|f{dh lv xod cm|abxfm` mc ofgod| lmxxma b`h ofgod| xm~.

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Xod xdeo`febi b`bivux x|fdu xm fhd`xfcv x|d`h |dsd|ubi bx b` db|iv uxbgd um bu xm

x|bhd ~|mcfxblid f` xod ab|jdx. Wod` xod x|d`h |dsd|udu b`h ldgf`u xm |bfud xod

xdeo`febi b`bivux wmtih |demaad`h ~t|eobud mc xod uob|d. Wod` xod x|d`h ldgf`u

xm cbii) ubid fu f`hfebxdh) ht|f`g b cibx x|d`h xod f`sduxm| uomtih uxbv bwbv c|ma xod

ab|jdx.

Ut~~m|x b`h |dufuxb`ed idsdi

Ut~~m|x b`h |dufuxb`ed b|d ~|fed idsdiu bx wofeo xod hmw` x|d`h m| t~ x|d`h f` ~|fed

amsdad`xu b|d |dsd|udh. Ut~~m|x meet|u wod` ~|fed fu cbiif`g ltx |dsd|udu hf|dexfm`

dsd|v xfad fx |dbeodu b ~b|xfetib| idsdi. Wod` bii xodud imw ~mf`xu b|d em``dexdh lv

b om|f{m`xbi if`d) fx cm|au xod ut~~m|x if`d. F` mxod| wm|hu ut~~m|x idsdi fu xod ~|fed

idsdi bx wofeo utccfefd`x ltvf`g ~|duut|d) fu dd|xdh xm obic xod cbii f` ~|fedu.

\dufuxb`ed meet|u wod` xod uob|d ~|fed amsdu t~wb|hu. Xod ~|fed abv lmt`hu

lbej dsd|v xfad fx |dbeodu b ~b|xfetib| idsdi. B om|f{m`xbi if`d kmf f`g xodud xm~u

cm|au xod |dufuxb`ed idsdi. Xotu |dufuxb`ed idsdi fu xod ~|fed idsdi wd|d utccfefd x

udiif`g ~|duut|d dd|xdh xm obic xod m`gmf`g |fud f` xod ~|fed mc b uob|d.

Ut~~m|x b`h |dufuxb`ed tutbiiv meet|u wod` xod xt|`msd| mc ib|gd `tald| mc uob|d

xd`h xm ld em`ed`x|bxdh bx udsd|bi ~|fed idsdi. Wod` xod uxmej xmteodu b ed|xbf

idsdi b`h od` h|m~u) xofu fu ebiidh |dufuxb`ed b`h fc xod uxmej |dbeodu hmw` xm b

ed|xbf` idsdi b`h xod` |fudu xod|d dfux b ut~~m|x. Xod cmiimwf`g cfgt|d uomwu ut~~m|x

b`h |dufuxb`ed idsdi.

2 Fc xod ue|f~x wod|d xm l|dbj xod ut~~m|x idsdi b`h amsd hmw`wb|hu) fx obu

ldb|fuo fa~ifebxfm`u ufg`bif`g xod ~muuflfifxv mc b ct|xod| cbii f` xod ~|fedu.

< Ufafib|iv fc xod ue|f~u wod|d xm ~d`dx|bxd xod |dufuxb`ed idsdi fx wmtih ld b`

f`hfebxm| mc b ltiifuo x|d`h m| b ct|xod| |fud f` xod ~|fed.

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Eb|x ^bxxd|`

2 Odbh b`h Uomtihd| cm|abxfm`

Xod amux ~m~tib| |dsd|ubi ~bxxd|` fu xod odbh b`h uomtihd| cm|abxfm`) wofeo

tutbiiv meet|u bx xod d`h mc b im`g t~ x|d`h. Xofu cm|abxfm` doflfxu b ota~ m|

xm~ cmiimwdh lv b uxfii ofgod| xm~ m| ~dbj b`h xod` b`mxod| ota~ m| imwd| xm~.

Xofu cm|abxfm` |dudalidu xod odbh b`h xwm uomtihd|u mc b ab` b`h xod `bad

odbh b`h uomtihd| cm|abxfm`.

Xod cf|ux ota~) j`mw` bu xod idcx uomtihd|) fu cm|adh wod` xod ~|fedu |dbeo xod

xm~ t`hd| b ux|m`g ltvf`g fa~tiud. Xod` x|bhf`g smitad ldemadu iduu b`h xod|d

fu b uom|x hmw`wb|h uwf`g. Xofu cmiimwdh lv b`mxod| ofgo smitad bhsb`ed)

wofeo xbjdu xod ~|fed xm b ofgod| xm~ j`mw` bu xod odbh. Xofu fu cmiimwdh lv

b`mxod| |dbexfm` m` iduu smitad) wofeo xbjdu xod ~|fed xbjd xm lmxxma `db| xm xod

db|ifd| hmw` uwf`g. B xof|h |biiv `mw meet|u xbjf`g xod ~|fed xm b odfgox iduu xob`

xod cfdh ltx ema~b|blid xm xod idcx uomtihd|.

Xofu |biiv |dutixu f` xod cm|abxfm` mc xod |fgox uomtihd| b om|f{m`xbi if`d kmf`f`g xod

lmxxmau xofu cm|abxfm` fu j`mw` bu xod `dejif`d. Bu xod ~|fed ~d`dx|bxdu xofu

`dejif`d xod cm|abxfm` mc odbh b`h uomtihd| fu ema~idxdh.

Xod O b`h U cm|abxfm` tutbiiv meet|u bx xod d`h mc ltii ~obud b`h fu f`hfebxfsd mc

b |dsd|ubi x|d`h bcxd| l|dbjf`g xod `dejif`d xod ~|fed fu dda~xdh xm hdeif`d

uob|~iv.

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F`sd|ud odbh b`h uomtihd| cm|abxfm`

Xofu ~bxxd| fu xod |dsd|ud mc xod O b`h U cm|abxfm`. Xofu meet|u bx xod d`h mc b

ldb| ~obud b`h em`ufux mc xo|dd hfuxf`ex lmxxmau. Xod cf|ux lmxxma fu xod idcx

uomtihd|) b`h xod` emadu b imwd| lmxxma) wofeo cm|au xod odbh cmiimwdh lv xodxof|h lmxxma) wofeo fu xd|adh bu xod |fgox uomtihd|. Xod `dejif`d fu h|bw` lv

kmf`f`g xod xm~u c|ma wofeo xod odbh b`h |fgox uomtihd| m|fgf`bxd. Wod` xod ~|fed

|bfudu blmsd xod `dejif`d xod cm|abxfm` mc xod ~bxxd|` fu em`ufhd|dh xm ld

ema~idxdh. Xod f`sd|ud odbh b`h uomtihd| ~bxxd|` fu bium b |dsd|ubi ~bxxd|`

f`hfebxfsd mc b` m`emaf`g ltiifuo ~obud.

< S Cm|abxfm`

Xod `bad fx udic f`hfebxdh xobx xod S cm|abxfm` xod|d fu b im`g uob|~ hdeif`d b`h

cbux |dsd|ubi. Xod S ~bxxd| meet|u amuxiv f` xod ~m~tib| uxmeju wod|d xod

ab|jdx f`xd|dux eob`gdu rtfejiv c|ma om~d xm cdb| b`h sfed sd|ub. F` xod ebud mc

f`sd|xdh P xod |fud meet|u cf|ux b`h hdeif`du.

F` xofu ~bxxd|` xod f`sduxm| obu xm ltv bcxd| t~ x|d`h obu uxb|xdh b`h dfx ldcm|d

xod xm~d fu |dbeodh.

5 Hmtlid xm~ b`h Lmxxma / A b`h W ~bxxd|`&

Xofu xv~d mc cm|abxfm` ufg`biu xod d`h mc m`d x|d`h b`h xod ldgf``f`g mc b`mxod|.

Fc xod hmtlid xm~ cm|adh wod` b uxmej ~|fed |fudu xm b ed|xbf` idsdi) cbiiu |b~fhiv)

bgbf` |fudu xm ubad odfgox m| am|d b`h xt| u hmw`. Fxu ~bxxd|` |dudalidu xod

idxxd| A xod hmtlid xm~ abv f`hfebxd xod m`udx mc xod ldb| ab|jdx.

F` b hmtlid b lmxxma) xod ~|fed mc xod uxmej cbiiu xm b ed|xbf` idsdi b`h f`e|dbud

wfxo hfaf`fuof`g bexfsfxv xod` fx cbiiu bgbf` xm xod ubad m| xm b imwd| ~|fed b`h

xt|`u t~ xm b ofgod| idsdi. Xod hmtlid lmxxma |dudalidu xod ldxxd| W.Xdeo`febi b`bivux sfdw hmtlid lmxxma bu b ufg` cm| ltii ab|j

8 X|fb`gidu

Xod x|fb`gid cm|abxfm` fu dbuv xm fhd`xfcv b`h ~m~tib| f` xdeo febi b`bivufu. Xod

x|fb`gidu b|d mc b uvaadx|febi bued`hf`g) hdued`hf`g dxe.

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b& Uvaadx|febi x|fb`gid ;

Xofu ~bxxd|` fu abhd t~ mc ud|fdu mc citextbxfm`u) dbeo citextbxfm` uabiid| xob`

xod ~|dsfmtu m`d xm~ hm `mx bxxbf` xod odfgox mc xod ~|dsfmtu xm~u ifjd wfud

lmxxmau b|d ofgod| xob` xod ~|dsfmtu lmxxmau. Em``dexf`g xod imwd| xm~u xobxb|d uxb`hf`g hmw`wb|h cm|au b uvaadx|febi x|fb`gid em``dexf g |fuf`g

lmxxma) wofeo fu uxb`hf`g t~wb|h ldemadu xod imwd| x|d`h sbitd. Fx fu `mx

dbuv xm ~|dhfex xod l|dbj bwbv dfxod| wbv. Xod uvaadx|febi x|fb`gid obu b`v

lfbu xmwb|hu xod ltii b`h ldb| m~d|bxm|u. Fx f`hfebxdu xod uimw hmw` m|

xda~m|b|v obic f` xod hf|dexfm`u mc xod m|fgf`bi x|d`h.

l& Bued`hf`g X|fb`gid

Od|d t~ x|d`h if`d fu biamux b om|f{m`xbi x|d`h if`d em``dexf`g xod xm~u b`h

xod imwd| x|d`hu if`d fu b |fuf`g x|d`h if`d em``dexf`g xod |fuf`g lmxxmau.

Bued`hf g x|fb`gid ~bxxd|` uomwu xod ltiifuo x|d`h. Xofu ~bxxd|` fu gd`d|biiv

u~mxxdh ht|f`g b` t~ amsd b`h xod ~|mlblfifxv mc xod t~wb|h amsd fu ofgod|

xod|d.

e& Hdued`hf`g x|fb`gid

Od|d em``dexf`g xod imwd| xm~u c|ma xod t~~d| x|d`h if`d. Xod t~~d| x|d`h

if`d wmtih ld b cbiif`g m`d. Xod imwd| if`d f`hfebxdu xod ut~~m|x if`d. Xod

~bxxd|` f`hfebxdu xobx xod ldb| m~d|bxm|u b|d am|d ~mwd|cti xob` xod ltii

m~d|bxm|u b`h uomwu b ldb|fuo x|d`h.

4 Cibgu

Xod cibg cm|abxfm` immju ifjd b ~b|biidimg|ba wfxo xod xwm x|d`h if`du c|ma xwm

~b|biidi if`du.

Xod smitad mc x|bhf g fu d~dexdh xm cbii ht|f`g cm|abxfm` mc xod cibg b`h bgbf` ~fej

t~ m` l|dbjf`g t~ f` xod ~bxxd|`.

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Xdeo`febi f`hfebxm|u

2 Smitad mc x|bhf`g

Ofuxm|febi hbxb b`bivufu mc ~|fed b`h smitad amsdad`x f`hfebxdu xobx f` b `m|abi

ab|jdx) xod ~|fed |fud f` beema~b`fdu lv b` d~b`hf`g smitad. Xd|af`bxfm` mc

~obud fu mcxd` beema~b`fdh lv b udiif`g eifab cmiimwf`g b hdeif`d f` ~|fedu: b odbsv

smitad mc x|bhd wfxo ifxxid ~|fed eob`gd fu f`hfebxfsd mc beetatibxfm` b`h fu `m|abiiv

b ltiifuo cbexm|. B ux|m`g ltii ab|jdx eb` dfux bu im`g bu ltvf`g ~|duut|d em`xf`tmtu

xm ld ux|m`g. Xodud f`hfebxfm`u b|d xm ld uxthfdh eb|dctiiv ldcm|d b cf`bi hdefufm` fu

xbjd` m` xod uxbxd mc xod ab|jdx) wodxod| b ltiifuo m| ldb|fuo) xod ~obud mc xod t~

x|d`h m| hmw`x|d`h b`h immj cm| ltv b`h udii ufg`biu bx xod uxb|x mc xod |dsd|ubi

x|d`hu.

< L|dbhxo mc xod ab|jdx

Xod l|dbhxo mc xod ab|jdx fu xod xd|a mcxd` tudh xm uxthv xod bhsb`edu b`h hdeif`du

xobx obsd meet||dh f` xod uxmej ab|jdx. Bhsb`edu adb` xod `tald| mc uob|du

womud ~|fed obu f`e|dbudh c|ma xod ~|dsfmtu hbvu x|bhf`g. Hdeif du f`hfebxd xod

`tald| mc uob|du womud ~|fed obu cbiid` c|ma xod ~|dsfmtu hbvu x|bhf`g. Xofu fu

dbuv xm ~imx b`h wbxeo f`hfebxm| ldebtud xobx b|d bsbfiblid bii ltuf`duu hbfifdu. Xod

`dx hfccd|d`ed ldxwdd` xod `tald|u mc bhsb`edh b`h hdeif`dh ht|f`g xod ubad

~d|fmh u xod l|dbhxo mc xod ab|jdx. B etatibxfsd f`hd mc `dx hfccd|d`edu adbut|du

xod ab|jdx l|dbhxo.

5 Uom|x Ubid

Uom|x udiif`g fu b xdeo`febi f`hfebxm| j`mw` bu uom|x f`xd|dux. Uom|x ubidu |dcd| xm xod

udiif`g mc uob|du xobx b|d `mx mw` xod ldb|u b|d xod uom|x udiid|u wom udii `mw f` xod

om~d mc ~t|eobuf`g bx b imwd| ~|fed f` xod ctxt|d xm abjd ~|mcfx. Xod uom|x udiid|u

obsd xm emsd| mtx xodf| ~mufxfm`u. Uom|x ~mufxfm`u mc ue|f~u b|d ~tlifuodh f` xod

ltuf`duu `dwu~b~d|u. Uom|x ubidu mc b ~b|xfetib| am`xo fu udidexdh b`h ema~b|dh

wfxo xod bsd|bgd hbfiv smitad mc xod ~|dedhf g am`xou. Uom|x f`xd|dux |bxfm fu

hdcf`dh bu cmiimwu.

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Uom|x f`xd|dux |bxfm 1 Xmxbi `tald| mc uob|du umih uom|x -

Bsd|bgd hbfiv x|bhf`g smitad

Xofu |bxfm uomwu omw ab`v hbvu mc x|bhf`g fx wmtih ifjd xm tud|. Fc xod |bxfm fu iduu

xob` xod m`d) ab|jdx fu ubfh xm ld wdbj m| msd| lmtgox b`h b hdeif`d eb` ldd~dexdh. Xod sbitd ldxwdd` 2 b`h >.4 uomwu `bxt|bi em`hfxfm` mc xod ab|jdx

sbitdu blmsd 2 f`hfebxd ltiifuo x|d`h b`h fc fx fu blmsd < xod ab|jdx fu ubfh xm ld

msd|umih bx ab|jdx xm~u) uom|x udiif`g fu ofgo b`h bx ab|jdx lmxxma uom|x udiif`g fu

imw.

8 Mhh imx x|bhf`g

Uob|du b|d gd`d|biiv umih f` b imx mc 2>> uob|du) umih f` uabii imxu iduu xob` 2>> b|d

ebiidh mhh imx. Uteo ltvd|u b`h udiid|u b|d ebiidh mhh imxd|u. Mhh imx ~t|eobudu xm

mhh imx ubidu /~t|eobud - ubidu& b|d xod mhh imx f`hd. Xod f`e|dbud f` mhh imx

~t|eobud |dutixu f` b` f`e|dbud f` xod f`hd) |dibxfsdiv am|d udiif`g idbhu xm cbii f` xod

f`hd. Fx fu gd`d|biiv em`ufhd|dh xobx xod ~|mcduufm`bi f`sduxm| fu am|d f cm|adh b`h

ux|m`gd| xob` xod mhh imxu. Wod` xod ~|mcduufm`bi f`sduxm|u hmaf`bxd xod ab|jdx)

xod uxmej ab|jdx fu xdeo`febiiv ux|m`g. Mc xod mhh imxd|u hmaf bxd xod ab|jdx) xod

ab|jdx fu em`ufhd|dh xm ld xdeo febiiv wdbj. Xod `mxfm` ldof`h fu xobx mhh imx

~t|eobud fu em`ed`x|bxdh bx xod xm~ mc xod ab|jdx eveid b`h udiif`g bx lmxxma. Ofgomhh imx ~t|eobud cm|debux cbii f` xod ab|jdx ~|fed b`h imw ~t|eobud - udiif`g |bxfm

~|dutadh xm meet| xmwb|hu xod d`h mc ldb| ab|jdx.

Abxodabxfebi f`hfebxm|u

4 Amsf`g Bsd|bgd

Xod ab|jdx f`hfebxdu hm `mx |fud m| cbii f` ux|bfgox if`d. Xod t~wb|h b`h hmw`wb|h

amsdad`xu b|d f`xd|~|dxdh lv emt`xd|amsdu. Xod t`hd|if`d x|d`h eb` ld uxthfdh lv

uammxod`f`g mc xod hbxb. Xm uammxo xod hbxb amsf`g bsd|bgd xdeo`frtd fu tudh.

Xod amsf`g bsd|bgdu b|d tudh xm uxthv xod amsdad`x mc xod ab|jdx bu wdii bu xod

f`hfsfhtbi ue|f~x ~|fed. Xod amsf`g bsd|bgd f`hfebxdu xod t`hd|if`f`g x|d`h f` xod

ue|f~. Xod ~d|fmh mc bsd|bgd hdxd|af`du xod ~d|fmh mc x|d`h xobx fu ldf`g fhd`xfcfdh.

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Cm| fhd`xfcvf`g uom|x xd|a x|d`h) 2> hbvu xm 5> hbvu amsf`g bsd|bgd fu tudh. F` xod

ebud mc adhfta xd|a x|d`h 4> hbv xm 2 hbvu amsf`g

bsd|bgd fu tudh xm fhd`xfcv im`g xd|a.

b& F`hd b`h uxmej ~|fed amsf`g bsd|bgd ; F`hfsfhtbi uxmej ~|fed fu ema~b|dh wfxouxmej ab|jdx f`hfebxdu xod amsf`g bsd|bgd mc uxmej b`h xod f`hd b|d ~imxxdh f`

xod ubad uoddx b`h x|d`hu b|d ema~b|dh. Mc @UD m| LUD f hd fu blmsd uxmej

amsf`g bsd|bgd if`d) xod ~b|xfetib| uxmej obu ltiifuo x|d`h. Xod ~|fed abv

f`e|dbud blmsd xod ab|jdx bsd|bgd. Fc xod UD@UD_ m| @FCXV fu ldimw xod

uxmej amsf`g bsd|bgd) xod ldb|fuo ab|jdx eb` ld d~dexdh cm| xod ~b|xfetib|

uxmej.

Fc xod amsf`g bsd|bgd mc xod uxmej ~d`dx|bxdu xod uxmej ab|jdx f`hd c|mablmsd) fx gd`d|bif{d udii ufg`bi) t`cbsmt|blid ab|jdx em`hfxfm` ~|dsbfiu cm| xod

~b|xfetib| ue|f~ fc xod uxmej if`d ~tuo t~ xo|mtgo xod ab|jdx bsd|bgd) fx fu ltv ufg`bi.

l& Uxmej ~|fed b`h uxmej ~|fedu amsf`g bsd|bgd ; Ltv b`h udii ufg`biu b|d ~|msfhdh

lv xod amsf`g bsd|bgdu. Amsf`g bsd|bgdu b|d tudh bim`g wfxo xod ~|fed mc xod

ue|f~. Xod uxmej ~|fed abv f`xd|udex xod amsf`g bsd|bgd bx b ~b|xfetib| ~mf x.

Hmw`wb|h ~d`dx|bxfm` mc xod |fuf`g bsd|bgd f`hfebxdu xod ~muuflfifxv mc b ct|xod|

cbii.

4 Muefiibxm|u

Muefiibxm|u b|d abxodabxfebi f`hfebxm|u ebietibxdh wfxo xod odi~ mc eimuf`g ~|fed hbxb.

Xodv odi~ xm fhd`xfcv msd| lmtgox b`h msd|umih em`hfxfm`u b`h bium xod ~muuflfifxv mc

x|d`h |dsd|ubi. Xodud f`hfebxm|u b|d ebiidh muefiibxm|u ldebtud xodv amsd be|muu b

|dcd|d`ed ~mf`x. Xod xwm fa~m|xb`x muefiibxm|u b|d

f& \bxd Mc Eob`gd F`hfebxm| /\ME&

ff& \dibxfsd Ux|d`gxo F hd /\UF&

f& \bxd mc eob`gd f`hfebxm| ; Fx fu sd|v ~m~tib| muefiibxm|) wofeo adbut|du xod |bxd

mc eob`gd mc xod et||d`x ~|fed bu ema~b|dh xm xod ~|fed mc ed|xbf` `tald| mc

hbvu m| wddju lbej. Xm ebietibxd udsd` hbvu |bxd mc eob`gd dbeo hbv ~|fed

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fu hfsfhdh lv xod ~|fed) wofeo ~|dsbfiu udsd` hbvu bgm b`h xod` m`d) fu

utlux|bexdh c|ma xofu ~|fed |bxdu.

\ME 1 et||d`x ~|fed - ~|fed ` ~d|fmh bgm

Xod \ME sbitdu abv ld ~mufxfsd) `dgbxfsd m| {d|m. Xod \ME sbitdu b|d

~imxxdh m` b v g|b~o) wod|d xod '' bfu |d~|dud`xu xod xfad b`h xod 'v' bfu

|d~|dud`xu xod sbitdu mc \ME. \ME sbitdu muefiibxd be|muu xod {d|m if`d

wod` xod \ME if`d fu blmsd xod {d|m if`d) xod ~|fed fu |fuf`g wod` fx fu ldiimw

xod {d|m if`d) xod ~|fed fu cbiif g. B` \ME eob|x fu uomw` f` xod cmiimwf`g

cfgt|d.

ff& \dibxfsd ux|d`gxo f`hd ; Xofu fu b ~mwd|cti f`hfebxm| xobx ufg`biu ltvf`g b`h

udiif`g m~~m|xt`fxv. \UF cm| b uob|d ebietibxdh lv tuf`g xod cmiimwf`g cm|atib.

\UF 1 2>> /2>> - 2* \u.&

\U 1 Bsd|bgd gbf` ~d| hbv - Bsd|bgd imuu ~d| hbv

Xod amux emaam`iv tudh xfad ~d|fmh cm| xod ebietibxfm` mc \UF fu 28 hbvu. Cm| xod

ebietibxfm` mc 28 hbvu \UF) xod gbf` ~d| hbv m| imuu ~d| hbv fu b||fsdh lv ema~b|f`g

b eimuf`g ~|fed mc b hbv wfxo xobx mc xod ~|dsfmtu hbv cm| b ~d|fmh mc 28 hbvu. Xod

gbf`u b|d bhhdh t~ b`h hfsfhdh lv 28 xm gdx xod bsd|bgd gbf` ~d| hbv. Ufafib|iv) xodimuudu b|d bhhdh t~ b`h hfsfhdh lv 28 xm gdx xod bsd|bgd imuu ~d| hbv.

5>

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EOB^XD\;5!B@BIVUFU B@H F@XD\^\DXBXFM@

XBLIDUOMWF@G AMSF@G BSG CM\ F@CMUVU

Hbxd Eimud Bsg Hbxd Eimud Bsg

2!Kt`!>3 2.24

26!Kt`!>3 .>34 2?!Kti!>3 23

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F@XD\^\DXBXFM@;

Xod amsf`g bsd|gd cm| f`cmuvu uomwu xobx fx obu ltv ufg`bi bx b ~mf`x b b`h b

udii ufg`bi bx ~mf`x l.

5>

27>>

26>>

>

>

>

>

>

52>>

55>>

54>>

3-2->3

3-?->3

3-24->3

3-3

7-25->3

7-->3

^\FED

HBXD

AMSF@G BSD\BGD CM\ F@CMUVU

Eimud

Bsg

b

l

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\T@ XDUX MC F@CMUVU

Hbxd Eimud Ufg` \t`u Hbxd Eimud Ufg` \t`u

2!Kt`!>3 2.24* 23 55?4.34* 24

26!Kt`!>3

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\t` xdux1[[1/\!_&-\1@m. mc |t`u

\1

`2126

`&-4.622>

[1>

F@XD\^\DXBXFM@;

Uf`ed xod ebietibxdh sbitd fu > fu iduu xob` 2.63 xod |t`u b|d meet||dh lv

eob`ed.

58

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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XBLID UOMWF@G OFGO IMW EIMUD ^\FED CM\ F@CMUVU

Hbxd M~d` Ofgo Imw Eimud Hbxd M~d` Ofgo Imw Eimud2!Kt`!>3 3 > 58.5 5222.>4 5268.

23 > 2.24 23 55>> 58>> 54 55?4.3426!Kt`!>3 > 2 3 236?.7 236?.7 2355 2387.?43 .4 23>

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F@XD\^\FDXBXFM@;

Xod ofgo imw eimud eob|x uomwu xod ofgo)imw)eimud ~|fed mc b` drtfxv m`xod x|bhf`g hbv.

53

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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XBLID UOMWF@G ODBH

B@H UOMTIHD\ CM\F@CMUVU

Hbxd ~|fed hbxd ~|fed2!Kt`!>3 2.24 4!Kti!>3 5268.226!Kt`!>3 >

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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XBLID UOMWF@G T^ X\D@H MC F@CMUVU

hbxd ~|fed hbxd ~|fed hbxd ~|fed

2!Ab|!>3 4.24 52!Ab|!>3 3 53 5283 52.24 2>!B~|!>3 52?6.5 6!Abv!>3 54

6!Ab|!>3

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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F@XD\^\DXBXFM@;

Xod t~ wb|h l|dbjf`g mc xod t~ wb|h x|d`h if`d fu b ltv ufg`bi b`h hmw` wb|hl|dbjf`g fu b udii ufg`bi.

56

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

40/100

XBLID UOMWF@G HMW@ X\D@H CM\ F@CMUVU

Hbxd Eimud

2!Kt`!>3

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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F@XD\^\FDXBXFM@;

Xod eb`hiduxfej hfbg|ba uomwu lmxo xod libej)wofxd b`h hmlv eb`hid

uxfej bium . Fx adb`u xobx xod|d fu citextbxfm`u f` xod ~|fed.

8

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

43/100

AMSF@G BSG CM\ WF^\M

Hbxd Eimud Bsg Hbxd Eimud Bsg

2!Kt`!>3 888.7

3 875.6 886.>543 836.6

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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F@XD\^\DXBXFM@;

Xod amsf`g bsd|gd cm| uomwu xobx fx obu ltv ufg`bi bx b ~mf`x b b`h b udii

ufg`bi bx ~mf`x l.

88

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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xdux1[!_&-um. mc |t`u>72`2`>43>!267?64&-5.>>43>7>

F@XD\^\DXBXFM@;

Uf`ed xod ebietibxdh sbitd fu .>7> fu iduu xob` 2.63 xod |t`u b|d

meet||dh lv eob`ed.

83

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

47/100

M^D@ OFGO IMW EIMUD ^\FED CM\ WF^\M

87

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

48/100

Hbxd M~d` Ofgo Imw Eimud Hbxd M~d` Ofgo Imw Eimud2!Kt`!>3 84< 837 855.2 888.7 3 834 8?8 848 875.63 887.>4 878 856.? 836.6 .64 8?6.23 8.84 2?!Kti!>3 873 8?? 872 8?4..54 836.3 26!Kti!>3 862.24 86?.7 84< 84?.54

3 8?6 8?6 87< 874.54 !Kti!>3 87> 87?.8 834 836.643 8?> 8?2 83> 835.6 3 834 836.6 888.2 886

F@XD\^\FDXBXFM@; Xod ofgo imw eimud eob|x uomwu xod ofgo)imw)eimud

~|fed mc b` drtfxv m` xod x|bhf`g hbv.

.

XBLID UOMWF@G ODBH B@H UOMTIHD\ CM\ WF^\M

8?

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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F@XD\^\DXBXFM@;

Xod l|dbjf`g mc xod `dej if`d m` xod |fgox uomtihd| fu b ltv ufg`bi b`h xod

l|dbjf`g mc xod idcx uomtihd| fu b udii ufg`bi.

HBXD ^\FED

4!Kti!>3 863.?43!Kti!>3 862.2

7!Kti!>3 83?.?4

2>!Kti!>3 865.?4

22!Kti!>3 864.4

23 423.8

25!Kti!>3 4>3 8?6.2

27!Kti!>3 87?.7

2?!Kti!>3 8?4.3 84?.54

86

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

50/100

XBLID UOMWF@G T^ X\D@H MC WF^\M

hbxd ~|fed hbxd ~|fed

3 48?.6 26!Abv!>3 878.24

3 453 4

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8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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F@XD\^\DXBXFM@;

Xod t~ wb|h l|dbjf`g mc xod hmw`wb|h x|d`h if`d fu b ltv ufg`bi b`h

hmw` wb|h l|dbjf`g fu b udii ufg`bi.

M^D@ OFGO IMW EIMUD ^\FED CM\ WF^\M

Hbxd M~d` Ofgo Imw Eimud Hbxd M~d` Ofgo Imw Eimud

4

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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2!Kt`!>3 84< 837 855.2 888.7 3 834 8?8 848 8753 887.>4 878 856.? 836.6 .64 8?63 8.84 2?!Kti!>3 873 8?? 872 8?4..54 836.3 26!Kti!>3 862.24 86?.7 84< 84?.53 8?6 8?6 87< 874.54 !Kti!>3 87> 87?.8 834 836.6

3 8?> 8?2 83> 835.6 3 834 836.6 888.2 88

F@XD\^\FDXBXFM@;

Xod libej eb`hiduxfej adb`u ~|dsfmtu eimuf`g ~|fed fu am|d xob` xmhbvum~d`#wofxd adb`u m~d`f`g ~|fed fu g|dbxd| xob` xod ~|dsfmtu eimuf`g ~|fed.

45

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

54/100

XBLID UOMWF@G AMSF@G BSD\DGD CM\ GIB_M

Hbxd Eimud Bsg Hbxd Eimud Bsg

2!Kt`!>3 2>73.44 3 633.2 63.32

3 22.24 2>23.3 665.3 664.< 2>.?44

3 6723.444

48

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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2!Kt`!>3 2>73.44 3 633.2 ! 6

3 22.24 ! 28

3 2>23.3 * ? !Kti!>3 664.< * 243 67

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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\t` xdux1[

[1/\!_&-\1@m. mc |t`u

\123

`2123

`8 fu iduu xob` 2.63 xod |t`u b|d meet||dh

lv eob`ed.

XBLID UOMWF@G OFGO IMW EIMUD ^\FED CM\ GIB_M

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2!Kb`!>3 2276 2>4> 2>73.44 3 6?> 653.< 633.23 2258.34 2>53.2 22 2>57 2>45.!Kt`!>3 2>4> 2>>6 2>57.5

7!Kt`!>3 2>48.74 664 2>>3 5!Kti!>3 2>35.6 2>2? 2>48.24

?!Kt`!>3 2>>4 647.? 2>5>

6!Kt`!>3 2>38 684.>4 2>83 2>88 2>57.3

23 2>78 674 2>5?.64 3!Kti!>3 2>54 2>2< 2>2?.24

25!Kt`!>3 663.64 654 642.? 7!Kti!>3 2>86 2>26 2>3 664 68> 64?.64 2>!Kti!>3 2>48 2>>5.74 2>86.24

24!Kt`!>3 2>34 64? 2>5?.?4 22!Kti!>3 2>72.? 2>.24

3 2>23.3 !Kti!>3 2>>6 6?4.< 664.5> 63< 67>> 67? 6?5

47

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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F@XD\^\FDXBXFM@;

Xod ofgo imw eimud eob|x uomwu xod ofgo)imw)eimud ~|fed mc b` drtfxv m` xod

x|bhf`g hbv.

.

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8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

59/100

XBLID UOMWF@G ODBH B@H UOMTIHD\ CM\ GIB_M

Hbxd ^|fed Hbxd ^|fed

3 2>23.3 22!Kti!>3 2>3

3 633.2 25!Kti!>3 2>5.24

8!Kti!>3 2>5> !Kti!>3 664.3 2>57.3 3 6?5

3!Kti!>3 2>2?.24 3 66?.2

7!Kti!>3 2>!Kti!>3 2>86.24 3 2>27

F@XD\^\DXBXFM@;

Xod l|dbjf`g mc xod `dej if`d m` xod |fgox uomtihd| fu b ltv ufg`bi b`h xod

l|dbjf`g mc xod idcx uomtihd| fu b udii ufg`bi.

XBLID UOMWF@G T^ X\D@H CM\ GIB_M

46

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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Hbxd ^|fed Hbxd ^|fed Hbxd ^|fed

6!Hde!>4 22.? 3 24 223 2?>.? 4!Kb`!>3 2!Kb`!>3 24 2>6?.6 3!Kb`!>3 2.7

4 2>6?.? !Kb`!>3 23 28!Cdl!>3 254?

F@XD\^\DXBXFM@;

Xod t~ wb|h l|dbjf`g mc xod t~ wb|h x|d`h if`d fu b ltv ufg`bi b`h hmw` wb|h

l|dbjf`g fu b udii ufg`bi.

XBLID UOMWF@G HMW@ X\D@H CM\ GIB_M

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8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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Hbxd ^|fed Hbxd ^|fed Hbxd ^|fed

3 2563 2>83 2827.74 23 2>5?.64

8!Abv!>3 28.64 3 2277.7 25!Kt`!>3 642.?

4!Abv!>3 285>.64 3 2247.< 28!Kt`!>3 64?.64

?!Abv!>3 2872.74 3 223>.4 24!Kt`!>3 2>5?.?46!Abv!>3 283?.24 3 2247.? 23!Kt`!>3 66?.24

2>!Abv!>3 284>.8 5>!Abv!>3 2242.3 6?3.4

22!Abv!>3 282?.7 52!Abv!>3 225> !Kt`!>3 672.64

23 2825.3 2>73.44 3 6?8.6

24!Abv!>3 25>7.4 3 22

23!Abv!>3 23 2>?4.? 3 2>22

27!Abv!>3 2524.4 3!Kt`!>3 2>45.23.3

2?!Abv!>3 24.3 7!Kt`!>3 2>>3 3 673 22>3 67

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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XBLID UOMWF@G M^D@ OFGO IMW EIMUD ^\FED CM\ GIB_M

Hbxd M~d` Ofgo Imw Eimud Hbxd M~d` Ofgo Imw Eimud

2!Kb`!>3 2276 2276 2>4> 2>73.44 3 672 6?> 653.< 633.23 2>4> 2258.34 2>53.2 22 2>57 2>45.!Kt`!>3 2>25.6 2>4> 2>>6 2>57.5

7!Kt`!>3 2>86.6 2>48.74 664 2>>3 5!Kti!>3 2>57.5 2>35.6 2>2? 2>48.24

?!Kt`!>3 666 2>>4 687.2 2>47.? 2>5>

6!Kt`!>3 66> 2>38 684.>4 2>83 2>53 2>88 2>57.3

23 2>84 2>78 674 2>5?.64 3!Kti!>3 2>54 2>54 2>2< 2>2?.24

25!Kt`!>3 673 663.64 654 642.? 7!Kti!>3 2>86 2>26 2>3 677 664 68> 64?.64 2>!Kti!>3 2>>5.74 2>48 2>>5.74 2>86.24

24!Kt`!>3 633 2>34 64? 2>5?.?4 22!Kti!>3 2>46.7 2>72.? 2>.24

3 66? 2>23.3 !Kti!>3 2>>> 2>>6 6?4.< 664.23.3 2>5> 63< 67>> 2>>> 67? 6?5

3

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XBLID UOMWF@G AMSF@G BSD\GD CM\ \B@LB_V

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3 8

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8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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XBLID UOMWF@G \T@ XDUX CM\ \B@LB_V

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8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

71/100

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72/100

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XBLID UOMWF@G HMW@ X\D@H CM\ \B@LB_V

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8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

87/100

8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

88/100

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8/14/2019 A Study on Technical Analysis

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