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A Transportation Profile Of New York State
POLICY AND PLANNING DIVISIONNew York State Department of TransportationMarch 2012
A Transportation Profile Of New York State POLICY AND PLANNING DIVISION New York State Department of Transportation March 2012
Questions concerning this report should be addressed to:
Office of Policy, Planning & Performance Policy & Planning Division
New York State Department of Transportation 50 Wolf Road, 6th Floor
Albany, New York 12232 (518) 457-2967
Web site: www.dot.ny.gov
PREFACE This report provides a convenient reference for New York State transportation statistics. The focus of the document is on demographic and related travel measures which, for the convenience of the user, are summarized under one cover. Most of the information presented was obtained from the Census, American Community Survey (ACS), Commodity Flow Surveys, the National Household Transportation Survey (NHTS), the Transborder Surface Freight Transportation Data and Highway Statistics published by the Federal Highway Administration. For Decennial U.S. Census data, 2010 is the latest available year. For other data sources, 2010 or the most recent year available has been included.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 1
Figure 1 New York State=s Transportation rankings ............................................................. 2 1. TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS AT-A-GLANCE ................................................................... 3 2. POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT ........................................................................................... 9
Figure 2 Decennial census state population: 1900-2010 ................................................... 10 Figure 3 Age distribution of state and national populations: 2010 .................................... 10 Figure 4 Population by geographic area: 1930-2010 ......................................................... 11 Figure 5 Population mobility: 2008-2010 .......................................................................... 12 Figure 6 NYS non-farm employment: 2000-2010 ............................................................. 13 Figure 7 Non-farm employment, state, and nation: 2010 .................................................. 13
3. HIGHWAYS AND USERS ........................................................................................................... 15
Figure 8 Licenses, vehicle registrations, gasoline usage, and VMT in the most populous states: 2009 ........................................................... 16 Figure 9 Vehicle registrations, gasoline sales, licenses, annual VMT, and
Gross domestic product 1971-2010 ......................................................... 17 Figure 10 State VMT by jurisdiction, federal-aid category and
Urban-rural ratio: 2010 .......................................................................... 18 Figure 11 National Highway System in New York State: 2011 .......................................... 19 Figure 12 State and national fatalities per 100 million VMT: 1967-2009 ........................... 20
4. JOURNEY-TO-WORK AND PERSONAL TRAVEL .................................................................. 22
Figure 13a Means of transportation to work from residence: 2010 ....................................... 24 Figure 13b Means of transportation to work at the workplace: 2010 .................................... 25 Figure 14 Modes for census journey-to-work: 1990, 2000, 2010 ........................................ 26 Figure 15 Census travel time to work (regional/state/national): 2010 ................................. 26 Figure 16 Person-trips by purpose: 2009 ............................................................................. 27 Figure 17 Person-trips by mode: 2009 ................................................................................. 27
5. PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, AIR AND RAIL TRAVEL ........................................................ 29
Figure 18 Public transit system service areas in NYS: 2010 ............................................... 31 Figure 19 Public transit revenue passengers and miles: 2010 ............................................. 32 Figure 20 NYS public transportation ridership trend: 1975-2010 ....................................... 33 Figure 21 NYS empire corridor Amtrak passengers: 1981-2010 ........................................ 33 Figure 22 Airport boardings: 1980-2010 ............................................................................. 34
6. FREIGHT MOVEMENTS ............................................................................................................. 35
Figure 23 Comparison of 2007, 2002, and 1997 commodity flow surveys .......................... 37 Figure 24 Freight shipments by mode: 2007 ....................................................................... 38 Figure 25 Trade with Canada: 2010..................................................................................... 39 Figure 26 NYS-Canada trade, imports, and exports by mode: 2010 ................................... 40 Figure 27 Waterborne freight movements: 2010 ................................................................. 40
FIGURE DATA SOURCES ........................................................................................................................ 42 DATA SOURCES ....................................................................................................................................... 45
INTRODUCTION New York became AThe Empire State@ in the 19th century largely as a consequence of building the nation=s finest transportation system. Its early turnpikes, canals and railroads were the country=s best, making New York a national hub of economic activity, connecting the Midwest and Mid-Atlantic regions with New England, eastern Canada, and the Atlantic Ocean. In the 20th century, the New York State transportation network was developed to move people and freight efficiently. Downstate subways, buses, and commuter railroads are indispensable to the State=s economic vitality. The State=s six principal Interstate highways and associated connecting Interstate commuter routes, as well as the state highway system, move millions of people and tons of freight each day. In 2010, New York State public transportation providers carried more than 2.7 billion passengers, the State=s airports boarded 43.6 million travelers and Amtrak carried 1.6 million passengers on its Empire and Adirondack Service Corridor routes. Figure 1 shows New York State=s national transportation rankings. By nearly all measures, New York consistently ranks among the top 10 states, and for most among the top five. Three per-capita measures -- gallons of fuel consumed, vehicle-miles traveled and vehicle ownership -- suggest the State=s personal transportation use and energy consumption are the most efficient in the Nation. A NOTE ON GEOGRAPHICAL TERMINOLOGY FOR NEW YORK STATE In this publication, unless otherwise noted, DOWNSTATE includes New York City, eastern Long Island, and the lower Hudson Valley counties. UPSTATE refers to all other northern, central, and western counties. The DOWNSTATE area may also be broken down into one of the following subsections: NEW YORK CITY refers to the five boroughs ― Bronx, Brooklyn (Kings County), Manhattan (New York County), Queens and Staten Island (Richmond County); LONG ISLAND refers to Nassau and Suffolk Counties; and the HUDSON VALLEY or LOWER HUDSON VALLEY refers to Columbia, Dutchess, Orange, Putnam, Rockland, Ulster, and Westchester Counties.
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2
1 10 20 30
Vehicles/Capita ('09)*
VMT/Capita ('09)*
Gallons/Capita ('09)*
Amtrak Passengers ('10)
Transit Passengers ('09)
Vehicle Miles Traveled ('09)
Highway Mileage ('09)
Driver Licenses ('09)
Trucks
Cars
Vehicle Registrations ('09)
Rural ('00)
Urban ('00)
Population ('10)
Land Area (sq mi) ('00)
Air Cargo ('08)
Airport Boardings ('10)
Total ($) Exports ('10)
Taxi
Carpool
Resident Work-Trips ('10)
Surface Transit
Bicycle Motorcycle
Ferry
Railroad
Rail Rapid Transit
Walk
Drive-Alone
Figure 1. New York State's transportation rankings
Item Share of U.S.State Ranking
36.7%
7.1%
4.6%
4.7%
6.3%2.5%
5.7%
2.8%
4.7%
18.0%
1.3%
4.1%
2.5%
5.5%
6.4%
4.5%
34.4%
15.5%
5.6%2.5%
65.3%
32.3%
29.4%
14.3%
4.5%
6.2%
*Measures of efficiency (smallest ratio is most efficient); capita = driving age pop; airports, Amtrak stations by state
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1
30
10
3
3
3
14
3
4
4
4
3
4
4
2
8
1
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
3
1
Work-at-Home 5.2%4
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1. TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS AT-A-GLANCE
Demographic Data (2000 Census) Year
Land Area 2010
Jurisdictions
Population 2010 19,378,102 Population Density (pop/sq mi) 2010 411.2 Urban 2000 16,603,000 Rural 2000 2,374,000
Housing Units 2010 8,108,103 Occupied 2010 7,317,755 Vacant 2010 790,348
Per-Capita Personal Income Statewide 2009 46,699 Metropolitan Portion 2009 47,748 Non-Metropolitan Portion 2009 32,121
Metropolitan Statistical Areas Albany-Schenectady-Troy 2009 42,206
Binghamton 2009 34,360Buffalo-Niagara falls 2009 37,469
Elmira 2009 32,881Glens Falls 2009 33,106
Ithaca 2009 33,684Kingston 2009 36,519
New York, Northern New Jersey-Long Island NY-NJ-PA 2009 52,037Poughkeepsie-Newburg-Middletown 2009 39,070
Rochester 2009 39,036Syracuse 2009 36,833
Utica-Rome 2009 33,269 Metropolitan Divisions
Nassau-Suffolk 2009 54,912New York-White Plains-Wayne NY-NJ 2009 51,203
Highway Centerline Mileage by Jurisdiction Pct Total Total State, Local, Other 2009 114,574 100.0% State DOT 2009 16,236 14.2% County 2009 20,257 17.7% City/Town/Village 2009 77,294 67.5% Other State Maintained 2009 787 0.7%
Estimated Vehicle-Miles Traveled, All Roads Annual VMT (000) 2010 131,252,905 Annual Growth 2000-'2010 0.2%
Bridge Ownership by Jurisdiction * Highway Other Total Pct Total Grand Total 2010 17,421 2,124 19,545 100.0% State 2010 7,644 202 7,846 40.1% Non-State: 2010 9,777 1,922 11,699 59.9% Local 2010 8,582 300 8,882 45.4% County 2010 6,056 64 6,120 31.3% Town 2010 1,335 27 1,362 7.0% Village 2010 143 21 164 0.8% City 2010 1,048 188 1,236 6.3% New York City 2010 595 118 713 3.6% Other Cities 2010 453 70 523 2.7% Railroads 2010 91 1,125 1,216 6.2% Authorities, Commissions, etc. 2010 1,104 497 1,601 8.2%
* - SOURCE: Table M-19, NYSDOT Structures Division, 2010
47,214 sq mi (30th in the US) 62 counties, 62 cities, 931 towns, 555 villages, 328
census-designated places (CDPs), 10 Indian Reservations
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Motor Vehicle Registrations by Use Year Pct Total Total 2010 10,749,952 100.0% Automobiles 2010 9,032,293 84.0% Commercial Vehicles 2010 825,477 7.7% Trailers 2010 352,558 3.3% Motorcycle 2010 340,260 3.2% Moped 2010 12,232 0.1% Buses 2010 25,059 0.2% Taxis 2010 57,973 0.5%Ambulance 2010 3,932 0.0% Rentals 2010 92,524 0.9% Farm 2010 7,644 0.1%
Per-Capita Vehicle Registrations Statewide 2010 0.55
New York City 2010 0.23 Remainder of State 2010 0.78
Licensed Drivers Pct Total Total 2010 11,285,831 100.0% Male 2010 5,816,064 51.5% Female 2010 5,469,767 48.5% New York City 2010 3,348,733 29.7% Remainder of State 2010 7,937,098 70.3%
Journey to Work (Residents) 2010 NYS NYC NY CountyAll workers 2010 8,723,526 3,615,588 823,612Drive Alone 2010 54.4% 22.7% 6.7%Carpool 2010 6.9% 5.0% 2.0%Transit (excluding Taxi) 2010 26.7% 55.7% 59.0%Walk 2010 6.2% 10.1% 21.1%Other 2010 1.9% 2.4% 4.7%Work @ Home 2010 4.0% 4.1% 6.6%Mean Travel Time to Work 2010 31.3 39.2 30.1
National Household Transportation Survey US NY % US Person-Trips (billions) 2009 392.0 24.3 6.2% Person Vehicle Trips (billions) 2009 233.8 10.9 4.7% Person-Miles of Travel (billions) 2009 3,732.8 171.9 4.6% Person Vehicle-Miles Traveled (billions) 2009 2,245.1 5.8 0.3% Average Trip Length (miles) 2009 9.8 7.5 76.9% Average Vehicle Occupancy (persons) 2009 1.7 1.5 89.8% Population (5 years or older, millions) 2009 283.1 18.2 6.4% Total Licensed Drivers (millions) 2009 212.3 12.8 6.0% Workers in Households (millions) 2009 151.4 9.8 6.5% Total Households (millions) 2009 113.1 7.1 6.3% Total Vehicles in Households (millions) 2009 210.8 9.1 4.3%
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Public Transportation System Statistics Year Public Transportation Systems 2010 63 Public Transportation Providers 2010 134 Public Buses 2010 10,825 Public Rail Cars 2010 8,727 Commuter Rail Tracks 2010 NA Passenger ferry service routes 02/2012 54
Pct Total Revenue Passengers (1) 2010 2,751,613,650 100.0% Bus 2010 983,100,681 35.7% Subway/Light-Rail 2010 1,601,551,829 58.2% Commuter Rail 2010 137,903,899 5.0% Ferry 2010 20,280,929 0.7% Paratransit 2010 8,776,312 0.3%
Revenue Vehicle Miles of Service (1) 2010 784,388,680 100.0% Bus 2010 225,365,127 28.7% Subway/Light-Rail 2010 353,332,651 45.0% Commuter Rail 2010 111,147,624 14.2% Ferry 2010 165,746 0.0% Paratransit 2010 94,377,532 12.0%(1) SOURCE: NYSDOT Transit Bureau, providing query from STOA database.
New York State Aviation Facilities by Type Commercial Service Airports 2010 18 General Aviation Public Use Airports 2010 106Private Airports 2010 199
Public Private TotalAirports 2010 124 199 323Heliports 2010 5 118 123Seaplane Bases 2010 6 7 13Ultralights 2010 0 3 3Gliderports 2010 0 2 2Total 2010 135 329 464
NYS Air Passenger Enplanements 2010 43,595,939{Annual Passengers ~= 2 * Enplanements} Estimate 87,191,878 SOURCE: NYSDOT Aviation Bureau
New York State Rail Passenger ServiceTotal 2 2010 1,650,396 Adirondack 1 2010 118,673 Empire 3 2010 1,531,723 Empire South (Penn Station to Albany) 2010 981,241 Empire West Maple Leaf 4(A,B,C) 2010 386,361 Lakeshore Limited (New York Penn - Chicago) 4(A,D,E) 2010 164,121 Ethan Allen Express - (Albany - Rutland, VT) 5(A,B,C) 2010 38,780Penn Station (Boardings + Alightings) 6(A,B) 2010 8,377,944
Ridership
1. Adirondack includesridership between NYC and Montreal with at least one endpoint in NYS.
2. Ridership doesn’t include NYS portion of Ethan Allen service
3. 1980-2001: Assume ridership totals for Empire include Lakeshore Ltd.
4A. Starting with Federal Fiscal Year 2002, Empire West/Maple Leaf and Lakeshore Limited ridership data are listed separately.
4B. 2006-2011 Empire West/Maple Leaf ridership excludes Canadian ridership for: FFY 06, 164; FFY 07, 150; FFY 08, 123; FFY 09, 77; FFY 10, 69; and FFY 11, 101
4C. 2002-2005 Empire West/Maple Leaf ridership excludes estimated Canadian ridership for: FFY 02-05, 175 per year (estimated based on FFY 06-11 data)
4D. 2007-2011, NYS portion of Lakeshore ridership calculated based on OD Matrices. (% in NYS for 2007 = 53.6%; 08 = 49.6%; 09 = 48.2%; 10 = 45.0%; 11 = 45.8%)
4E. 2002-2006 NYS portion of Lakeshore ridership estimated by multiplying total Lakeshore ridership by 54.0% (based on FFY 07-11 data)
5A. Starting with FFY 2002, ridership data for the NYS portion of the Ethan Allen is included
5B. 2007-2011: NYS portion of the Ethan Allen ridership calculated using OD matrices. (% in NYS for 2007 = 78.2%; 08 = 79.3%; 09 = 81.0%; 10 = 80.7%; 11 = 80.6%)
5C. 2002-2006: NYS portion of the Ethan Allen ridership estimated by multiplying total Ethan Allen ridership by 78.0% (based on FFY 07-11 data)
New York Penn Station
6A. Amtrak carried NJ Transit multi-ride commuters on its trains to and from NY Penn Station until October 31, 2005, when NJ Transit
took over the remaining Amtrak Clocker trains (New York-Trenton-Philadelphia) and converted them into New York-Trenton only commuter trains.
6B. NY Penn Station passenger data; 2004-11 Amtrak Fact Sheet(s), FFY(s) 04-11, State of New York; e.g., FFY10 amtrak.com/pdf/factsheets/newyork10.pdf
SOURCE: New York State Department of Transportation, High Speed Intercity Passenger Rail Bureau; 2011:
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Freight
Domestic Shipment: Within, From, and To U.S. States by Mode: 2007Data from the Freight Analysis Framework Version 3.1.2; Unit of measure is thousand tons; http://faf.ornl.gov/fafweb/Extraction1.aspx
Within State From State To StateState Weight Percent Weight Percent Weight NEW YORK Truck 396,682 90.6% 120,603 69.6% 120,546
Rail 4,246 1.0% 18,740 10.8% 20,521Water 0.0% 127 0.1% 1,692Air (include truck-air) 1,018 0.2% 197 0.1% 301
Multiple modes & mail 985 0.2% 5,441 3.1% 16,428Pipeline 20,478 4.7% 27,086 15.6% 31,822Other and unknown 14,640 3.3% 1,045 0.6% 4,861
Total 438,049 100.0% 173,240 100.0% 196,170
Domestic Shipments: Top Commodities Within, From, and To State by Value: 2007 369,410Data from the Freight Analysis Framework Version 3.1.2; Unit of measure is million U.S. dollars; http://faf.ornl.gov/fafweb/Extraction1.aspx
Within State From State To StateState Rank Commodity Value Commodity Value Commodity ValueNEW YORK 1 Machinery $67,250 Misc. mfg. prods. $43,738 Electronics $41,629
2 Misc. mfg. prods. $62,270 Textiles / leather $40,242 Textiles / leather $40,8363 Mixed freight $38,229 Pharmaceuticals $33,286 Mixed freight $33,4484 Electronics $30,134 Electronics $28,616 Misc. mfg. prods. $32,7195 Pharmaceuticals $27,537 Machinery $23,529 Machinery $28,249
6 Motorized vehicles $25,594 Mixed freight $22,586 Motorized vehicles $26,2117 Textiles/leather $17,671 Base metals $21,933 Pharmaceuticals $22,869
8 Other foodstuffs $16,219 Motorized vehicles $17,499 Plastics / rubber $15,7229 Unknown $15,003 Plastics / rubber $16,052 Base metals $15,565
10 Articles - base metal $14,805Precision instruments $15,378 Chemical prods. $15,135
All Commodities $499,418 All Commodities $379,535 All Commodities $412,795
Domestic Shipments: Top Trading Partners by State, ranked by value: 2007
From State To State Weight ValueNew York Total, all states 611,289 $878,953
New York 438,049 $499,418New Jersey 22,846 $52,599Pennsylvania 28,492 $37,166California 9,757 $26,352Texas 15,161 $21,380
Data from the Freight Analysis Framework Version 3.1.2; Unit of measure for value is million U.S. dollars and for weight is thousand tons; http://faf.ornl.gov/fafweb/Extraction1.aspx
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Freight RailroadsNumber Excluding** Including
Class 1 2008 2 1,533 2,081Canadian * 2008 2 389 803Regional 2008 4 350 439Local 2008 22 1,129 1,190Switching & terminal 2008 7 127 129Total 2008 37 3,528 4,642
*Canadian owned lines not affiliated with a US rail subsidiary**Excludes 153 miles owned by Amtrak. All or some of these miles might be operated by railroads under trackage rights
Total Carloads of freight 2008 533,183Carloads originated 2008 180,387Carloads terminated 2008 352,796Total tons of freight carried (million) 2008 29.6Tons originated (million) 2008 6.8Tons terminated (million) 2008 22.8
SOURCE: Association of American Railroads; www.aar.org
Ports/Waterways
Major Public and private ports and numerous private portsPort Authorities (NY/NJ, Albany, Oswego, Ogdensburg) 2006 4Port of Buffalo 2006 1
Tonnage moved through these ports annually (millions) 2006 168
Waterborne Commerce in NYS (000) tonsTotal 2009 51,960Shipped 2009 12,331 Domestic 2009 7,770 Foreign 2009 4,561Received 2009 33,922 Domestic 2009 17,785 Foreign 2009 16,137Intrastate 2009 5,707
Selected US ports by Port Name (tons)Grand Total
Total Foreign Inbound
Foreign Outbound
Domestic
Albany 2009 7,177,977 876,020 470,069 405,951 6,301,957Hempstead 2009 657,827 657,827NYNJ 2009 144,689,593 83,469,086 64,032,262 19,436,824 61,220,507Port Jefferson 2009 1,954,608 1,954,608Buffalo 2009 1,366,732 455,353 158,396 296,957 911,379
Miles Operated
Trackage rights
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2. POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT
New York State=s population has increased to over 19.4 million. Figure 2 shows the decennial population trend as of the 2010 census, Figure 3 shows the age distribution of that population in 2010 by seven age groups - more than half are between 20 and 54 years old, more than a quarter younger than 20, and slightly more than one-in-five older than 55. Figure 4 shows geographic differences and adds the 2010 population estimate.
Although New York=s population has stabilized, its distribution within the State has changed, especially since World War II. Between 1950 and 1970, Long Island=s population rose from 950,000 to more than 2.5 million. Since 1950, New York City=s population has remained between 7 and 8 million, while the Hudson Valley and Long Island areas have generally increased. Upstate areas also generally increased at slower rates from 1950 to 1990. Recently, however, New York City has experienced the greatest population gain of any city in the State, over 11% since 1990, primarily in the outer boroughs, and slightly more than 2% since 2000. Hudson Valley counties generally experienced population increases from 6% (Westchester) to 14% (Putnam) since 1990, and 2.8 to 4.1% growth since 2000. Long Island has had an overall population increase around 6% since 1990 and 2.9% since 2000. Outside the Hudson Valley, most of the upstate New York counties have either increased slightly, remained static or declined in recent years, with the notable exception of Saratoga County, where population growth was about 11% between 1990 and 2000, and 9.5% growth from 2000 to 2010. Population mobility is shown in Figure 5 -- 11% of New Yorkers changed residence location between 2008 and 2010, while 89% remained within their 2008 residence. Nationwide, 16% of U.S. residents changed their location, while 84% remained in their 2008 residence.
Nearly 3.6 million immigrants resided in New York State in 2007 since 2000, accounting for much of the population growth. Immigration to the State along with the net plus of births minus deaths also helped offset the outward migration of approximately 2 million people during the same 10 year period. Figure 6 shows changes in NYS employment by industry from 2000 to 2010. (Note that the data does not include those working at home, self-employed, in agriculture or mining.) Figure 7 shows New York State 2010 non-farm employment by industry as compared to the nation. Total employment by industry in the State has decreased by about 1% since 2000, with over 8.5 million people employed in 2010. Employment gains overall are attributable to a sharp increase in service sector employment, approximately 32% growth since 1990, and smaller growth in the retail (1%) and construction (5%) sectors. 45.6% of Employment is in Service section with 17% in Trade/Transportation & Utilities, 18% in Government. Financial Activities are slightly less than 8%, Manufacturing 5.3%, Construction 3.6% (a share shy of 3.4% since 2000). The change in location of new jobs in the State represents one of the most important trends in employment since 2000. As the general population has shifted away from the cities to the suburbs, so too have new job opportunities.
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7.39.1
10.4
12.613.5
14.8
16.818.2 17.6 18.0
19.0 19.4
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 20100.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
Mill
ions
Figure 2. Decennial Census state population: 1900-2010.
6.5
13.2
7.1
20.3
27.9
11.8
13.1
6.0
12.3
7.1
21.0
28.3
11.9
13.5
0-4
5-14
15-19
20-34
35-54
55-64
65+
Age
Ran
ge
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0
Percent of Population
NYS = 19.0 millionUS = 308.7 million
Figure 3. Age distribution of state and national populations: 2010.2010 Census Summary File 1
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Upstate33.7%
Hudson Valley 7.6%
LI3.7%
NYC55.0%
1930 (12.6 million)
Upstate32.6%
Hudson Valley 7.8%
LI6.4%
NYC53.2%
1950 (14.8 million)
Upstate32.7%
Hudson Valley 10.0%
LI14.0%
NYC43.3%
1970 (18.2 million)
Upstate33.6%
Hudson Valley 11.2%
LI14.5%
NYC40.7%
1990 (18.0 million)
Upstate32.8%
Hudson Valley 10.5%
LI14.5%
NYC42.2%
2000 (19.0 million)
Upstate33.0%
Hudson Valley 10.2%
LI14.6%
NYC42.2%
2010 (19.4 million)
Figure 4. NYS Population by geographic area.2010 Census Summary File 1
The "Hudson Valley" includes: Columbia, Dutchess, Orange, Putnam, Rockland, Ulster and Westchester counties. "Upstate" includes the remaining counties.
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Same House 84.5%
Same County 9.4%
Within State 3.2%
In USA2.3%
Abroad0.6%
United States (302.8 million)Same House
88.7%
Same County 6.8%
Within State 2.5%
In USA1.4%
Abroad0.6%
New York State (19.1 million)
Same House 85.8%
Same County 8.6%
Within State 3.4%
In USA1.7%
Abroad0.5%
Upstate (6.0 million)Same House
89.8%
Same County 6.0%
Within State 2.0%
In USA1.3%
Abroad0.9%
Downstate (13.1 million)
Figure 5. Geographic mobility in past year for current residents.2008-2010 American Community Survey 3 Year Estimate
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0.5%
2.1%
4.3%
8.9%
5.9%
19.0%
17.3%
42.1%
0.1%
2.9%
3.6%
5.3%
7.8%
17.0%
17.7%
45.6%
Logging...Mining
Information
Construction
Manufacturing
Financial Activities
Trade/Transp. & Utilities
Government
Service
Indu
stry
(NA
ICS)
0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0%
Percent of Workforce
NY : 2010 = 8553.3US : 2010= 129,818
Figure 7. Non-farm employment *, state and nation: 2010.
Employment (000)
0.1%
2.9%
3.6%
5.3%
7.8%
17.0%
17.7%
45.6%
0.1%
3.7%
3.8%
8.7%
8.6%
17.9%
17.0%
40.3%
Logging...Mining
Information
Construction
Manufacturing
Financial Activities
Trade/Transp. & Utilities
Government
Service
Indu
stry
(NA
ICS)
0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0%
Percent of Workforce
2000 = 8638.02010 = 8553.3
Figure 6. NYS non-farm employment *: 2000-2010.
Employment (000)
*North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) based, does not include agriculture, mining and unclassified or self-employed.13
14
3. HIGHWAYS AND USERS New York State is unique among the 50 states, not only in diversity of transportation facilities but also in per capita highway usage. Population density and the lack of parking in New York City discourage vehicle ownership -- according to Census Bureau reports, one-fifth (1.3 million) of all households in the country having no vehicles are in New York City. Further, based on the Federal Highway Administration=s (FHWA) 2009 Highway Statistics and New York State Department of Motor Vehicles 2010 reports, only 29.7% of New York City residents are licensed, compared to 86.9% in the nation. Figure 8, which compares driving age populations across the most populous states, shows New York State=s personal transportation use and energy consumption are the lowest in terms of licensed drivers per 1000, registered vehicles per 1000, annual fuel usage and vehicle-miles traveled. As Figure 1 shows, New York is first (lowest, in this case) when it comes to fuel usage per person and VMT per person: it averaged 361 gallons per capita driving age population in 2009, compared to the national average of 568 gallons, and the State accumulates about 8,529 miles of travel per person annually compared to the US average of 12,256 miles. The number of persons in New York State with a driver license has gradually increased since 1971, and appears to have flattened out (Figure 9). Vehicle registrations, which jumped by more than 40% during the 1970s and 1980s, may be reaching saturation as well, remaining less than 11 million between 2000 and 2010. The number of vehicle-miles-traveled (VMT) on the State=s highways has risen almost every year since 1980, and by more than 60 billion miles since 1971, to a total of 137.5 billion in 2004, but has fallen back to 131 billion in 2010 the same value as in 2001. As reported in FHWA=s 2009 Highway Statistics, New York State ranks fourth in VMT nationally after California, Texas, and Florida. Fuel use in New York was at 361 gallons per capita driving age population in 2009, reflect the greater fuel efficiency of today=s automobiles and the significant investment in public transit in NYS. Fuel use has not risen proportionally with VMT, further reflecting improved fuel efficiency since the mid-1970s. Of the four highway travel variables plotted in Figure 9 for New York State, VMT most closely tracks economic performance, as measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP); this is consistent with the trend for the Nation. Total centerline mileage of public roads in New York State as reported in the 2010 Highway Mileage Report for New York State is 114,574. While only 14.2% of this mileage is under State jurisdiction (including State parkways and authorities), these facilities carry 52.2% of the State=s total VMT. Urban roadways carried nearly three-quarters of VMT in 2010. Figure 10 shows the VMT breakdown by jurisdiction, federal-aid category and by urban-rural ratio. In 2010 New York State had 19,023 lane miles (5,151 centerline miles) of National Highway System (NHS) mileage (see Fig. 11 for the NHS map). Shown as blue lines on the NHS map, the State=s Interstate centerline mileage (1,674) ranks fifth among states, behind only Texas, California, Illinois and Pennsylvania. One of the more favorable trends in recent years has been the continuing decline in the rate of fatalities per 100 million VMT on all public roads in New York (Figure 12). From 4.8 deaths per 100 million VMT in 1967, the fatality rate has dropped to 0.9 in 2009 ― a decline of 81%! Many factors contribute to this improvement, including safer vehicles, better-engineered roadways, and mandatory use of seat belts, safety education, speed-limit enforcement, and tougher driving-while-impaired sanctions. New York=s fatality rate (0.9 per 100 million VMT) in 2009 ranked in the top seven best among the states and better than the national rate of 1.1 per 100 million VMT.
15
Figure 8. Licenses, vehicle registrations, gasoline usage, and VMT per driving age population in the most populous states: 2009.
NYCATXFLIL
OHPA
US
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200
Licensed drivers per 1000 driving age population
NYCATXFLIL
OHPA
US
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Gallons of motor fuel per driving age population
NYCATXFLIL
OHPA
US
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200
Motor Vehicle Registrations Per 1000 driving age population
NYCATXFLIL
OHPA
US
0 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000 12,500 15,000
Annual vehicle-miles traveled per driving age population
16
1971
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Inde
x 19
71 =
100
Figure 9. Vehicle registrations, gasoline sales, licenses, annual VMT, and Gross Domestic Product : 1971-2010.*
GDP (2005$)
Driver Licenses
Gasoline
VMT
Registrations
* To facilitate display in Figure 9, all data series have been indexed to show 1971 values = 100. GDP for all years is reported in real 2005 dollars. All series are through 2010 except Gasoline withich is through 2009.
1971 2010New YorkGasoline (billion gallons) 5.8 5.6Registrations (millions) 6.9 10.7Driver Licenses (millions) 8.3 11.3Vehicle Miles of Travel (VMT)(billions) 65.8 131.3NationalGDP (billions of 2005 dollars) 3,889 13,088
17
Figure 10. State VMT by jurisdiction, federal-aid category and urban-rural ratio: 2010.
Interstate NHS19.9%
Other NHS22.6%
Other Fed-Aid30.1%
Non FA27.3%
*NHS is National Highway System
VMT by federal-aid categoryTotal Vehicle - Miles = 131.2 billion
Urban75.3%
Rural24.7%
VMT urban-ruralTotal Vehicle - Miles = 131.2 billion
State DOT45.0%
State Non-DOT7.2%
Local & Other Non State47.9%
*Other includes Parkways, Authorities, etc.
VMT by JurisdictionTotal Vehicle - Miles = 131.2 billion
18
19
Figure 12. State and national fatalities per 100 million VMT: 1967-2009. 19
67
1969
1971
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
Fata
litie
s per
100
mill
ion
VM
T
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
VMT
Indi
ces
1967
= 1
00
Fatality Rates Per 100 million VMT 1967 NYS = 4.8 US = 5.4 2009 NYS = 0.9 US = 1.1
Vehicle Miles Traveled (billions)1967 NYS = 60.7 US = 964.02009 NYS = 133.5 US = 2953.5
National Fatality Rate
NYS Fatality Rate
National VMT
NYS VMT
20
21
4. JOURNEY-TO-WORK AND PERSONAL TRAVEL
According to the 2010 American Community Survey (ACS), each workday 9.0 million workers arrive at work using the State=s highways and bridges/tunnels, and its buses, subways, trains, and ferries for their journey-to-work (JTW). Approximately 4.2 million people work in New York City; in fact, 2.3 million work in the Borough of Manhattan alone, with almost 70% coming from outside Manhattan. Figure 13a, using data derived from the ACS 2010, shows the mode choices for JTW made by residents in the United States, New York State, New York City (City), the rest of NYS (excluding the City) and Manhattan. Figure 13b shows the mode choices regardless of residence for arriving at the workplace in these same areas. These graphs show how modes used by Manhattan and City residents and workers in general for their JTW skew data for the entire state. In 2010, (Figure 13a) about a quarter (22.7%) of City residents drove alone, but more than half (55.7%) used public transit (bus, train or subway). Effects of City residents= JTW choices are apparent in State percentages of Adrive-alone@ (54.4%) and public transit (26.7%), compared to corresponding National percentages of 76.6% and 4.9%. If the City is excluded, the rest of New York State resembles National mode choices for JTW Adrive-alone@ (76.8%) and public transportation (6.2%). While the National and State percentages in figures 13a and 13b are very comparable for work trips, whether by location of the residence or the workplace, for Manhattan some clear differences are evident. Nearly 60% of Manhattan residents use public transportation modes to arrive at workplaces, but almost 74% of all workers in Manhattan have arrived at their workplace via transit. A higher percentage of workers (Figure 13b) arrive at Manhattan workplaces via driving alone (11%) than for Manhattan residents (Figure 13a) (6.7%). A higher percentage of Manhattan residents walk or bike to work (22.1%) than the total at the workplace (8.3%). Figure 14 highlights one of the greatest challenges facing transportation planners and environmentalists today: more than half of the resident workers in New York State drove alone to work in 2010 ― 54% compared to 56% in 2000 (Figure 14). Despite the slight decrease in single-occupant vehicles for work trips, New York State continues to lead the Nation (Figures 13a, 13b) in percentage of persons using rail and public transportation to get to work (26.7% for NYS compared to 4.9% for the US), as well as those who walk/bike to work (6.7% versus 3.3%). Times required for JTW are shown in Figure 15. The upstate-downstate contrast is dramatic ― three-quarters of those living upstate arrive at work within 30 minutes, but downstate less than half do. Of those living in New York City, about one-third make the journey in 30 minutes or less, but almost one-quarter need an hour or more. Statewide, the average JTW takes 31 minutes, but in Upstate the average is 21 minutes, in the Hudson Valley 31 minutes, on Long Island 32 minutes, and in New York City 39 minutes. Figures 16 and 17 show personal travel by all destination purposes and modes, as summarized in the NYS expanded sample of households from the 2009 National Household Transportation Survey (NHTS). Figures 13 to 15 are from Census 2010 ACS data and reflect the usual mode only for those respondents who indicated that they worked the previous week. The NHTS summarizes all household personal travel by specific trip destination purpose, so one Census journey to work trip may correspond to a series of NHTS linked or chained trips with different destination purposes, such as school, personal business, and then work as the final destination.
22
Hence, the two sources do not necessarily give comparable results. According to the 2009 NHTS, New York State residents made more than 24.3 billion person-trips. Of these person-trips, only 11.6% had a trip-end workplace destination. Slightly more than a third (35%) reflected return to Ahome@ from some other site or activity (shopping, church, work, etc.) Almost two-thirds of all New York State person-trips were in personal vehicles. Walking accounted for 22% of all person-trips by mode, and mass transit (subway, train, bus) was the mode choice of 10.7% of New York State person trips.
23
Transit59.0%
Walk/bike22.1%
Drive alone6.7%
Other3.6%
Carpool2.0%
Manhattan
Transit55.7%
Drive alone22.7%
Walk/bike10.8%
Carpool5.0%
Other1.6%
New York City
Drive alone76.8%
Carpool8.3%
Transit6.2%
Walk/bike3.8%
Other1.2%
NYS excluding New York City
Drive alone54.4%
Transit26.7%
Carpool6.9%Walk/bike
6.7%Work@Home
4.0%Other1.4%
New York State
Drive alone76.6%
Carpool9.7%Transit4.9%
Walk/bike3.3%
Other1.2%
National
Figure 13a. Means of transportation to work from residence: 2010.
US 136.9 (million)NYS 8.7 (million)New York City 3.6 (million)NYS w/o New York CityManhattan
5.1 (million)0.8 (million)
Number of Workers 16 and over
*Other= Taxi, Motorcycle, Other means24
Transit73.7%
Drive alone11.0%
Walk/bike8.3%
Carpool2.8%
Other1.9%
Manhattan
Transit56.7%
Drive alone24.0%
Walk/bike9.2%
Carpool4.9%
Other1.6%
New York City
Transit3.2%
Drive alone79.0%
Walk/bike4.0%
Carpool8.5%
Other1.2%
NYS excluding New York City
Transit28.3%
Drive alone53.2%
Walk/bike6.5%
Carpool6.8%
Other1.4%
New York State
Transit4.9%
Drive alone76.6%
Walk/bike3.3%
Carpool9.7%
Other1.2%
National
Figure 13b. Means of transportation to work at the workplace 2010.
US 136.9 (million)NYS 9.0 (million)New York City 4.2 (million)NYS w/o New York CityManhattan
4.8 (million)2.3 (million)
Number of Workers 16 and over
*Other= Taxi, Motorcycle, Other means25
5456
54
11 97
24 2427
7 7 74 4 5
Drive Alone Carpool Transit** Walk/Bike Other*0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Perc
ent o
f Wor
kers
1990 = 8.22000 = 8.22010 = 8.7
*Other includes motorcycle, airplane, work at home, etc.**Includes Railroad
Travel Time (min)
UpstateHudson Valley
LINYC
StateNation
0102030405060708090
100110
Perc
ent o
f Wor
kers
60+30-5915-291-14
Figure 15. Census travel time to work (regional/state/national): 2010.
Avg Travel Time (min)
Figure 14. Modes for Census journey-to-work (JTW), NYS: 1990, 2000 & 2010.
Workers Age 16+ (mil)
Nation 25State 31Upstate 21Downstate 36 Hudson Valley 31 LI 32 NYC 39
26
To Work
8.1% Work related
2.0%
Return to Work
1.5%
Shopping
13.2%
School
3.5%
Religious
1.3%
School,Religion Not Determined
0.3%
Medical
2.3%
Pers. Bus.
7.9%
Give Ride
5.2%
Eat
6.1%
Soc/Rec
12.4%
Other
1.0%
Return Home
35.0%
Not Determined
0.1%
Figure 16. Person-trips by purpose: 2009.
Air
0.1%
Drive Alone
30.5%
Carpool
31.7%Bus
5.5%
Train
5.2%
Bike
0.7%
Walk
22.0%
School Bus
2.3%
Other
1.8%Not Determined
0.1%
Figure 17. Person-trips by mode: 2009.
27
28
5. PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, AIR, AND RAIL TRAVEL
Public transportation -- bus, subway, commuter rail, ferry -- continues to have a major role in moving people in New York State. Statewide, public transit systems are now moving 2.75 billion passengers annually. This represents one-third of the Nation’s total transit riders. The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), in serving New York City’s metropolitan region, provides the largest bus fleet in the US, as well as more rail and subway cars than the rest of the Nation combined. Figure 18 shows the service areas of New York=s public transportation systems, while Figure 19 shows the revenue passengers and miles both Statewide and for the MTA. The MTA’s subways, buses, and commuter rail lines carry about 90% of the total transit passengers in the State. The MTA commuter lines — Metro-North and the Long Island Railroad (LIRR) B accounted for over 137 million annual passengers in 2010. Figure 19 shows all downstate public transportation ridership account for 97% of the statewide total. Downstate includes both the MTA and the category “other downstate” which is comprised of New York City private buses and suburban bus systems. New York State=s public transportation operators provided 786 million revenue-miles of service on all modes, of which 640 million, or 80.0%, was provided by MTA. Figure 20 shows the trend in public transportation ridership since 1974, with overall ridership increasing dramatically since 1995, and continuing to grow through 2010 at a slower rate. New York State=s public transportation system is the most utilized in the nation. The graphs in this section, and Figures 13a and 13b in the previous section, give testimony to the importance of public transportation in moving people to their jobs, thus reducing highway congestion and air pollution in metropolitan areas. Of particular note is that more than 55% of resident workers in New York City use public transportation and rail. Another 11% of City residents walk or bicycle to work. Based on the 2010 ACS, use of public transportation for resident journey-to-work in New York State is 34% of the national total. A clear example of the indispensable nature of New York=s public transportation system is how people arrive at work in Manhattan. On a typical workday, based upon workplace location data from the Census 2010 ACS, more than 70% of all workers arrive at their jobs in Manhattan using public transportation (Fig. 13b). These workers are primarily NYS residents, but also include many workers from New Jersey and Connecticut. Clearly, the region=s economic vitality is directly linked to the existence of the State=s varied systems of public transportation. Amtrak, which provides intercity rail services, is an important presence in New York, with its many daily trains to Penn Station. In 2010, 18% of Amtrak=s national passengers traveled through New York State, which ranks number 2 in the nation for passengers carried (Figure 1). Amtrak’s Northeast Corridor, from Washington, D.C. to Boston, including New York’s Penn Station, is the busiest railroad in North America, and the New York City ― Albany ― Buffalo (Empire Corridor) is the next busiest. Over 10 million boardings and alightings occurred at the State’s Amtrak stations in 2010, with 8.4 million of those at New York’s Penn Station, the busiest station in the Amtrak system. The Albany-Rensselaer station is the 9th busiest in the Nation, with 737,259 boardings and alightings in 2010. Figure 21 shows the recent trend in Amtrak ridership on the Empire and Adirondack corridors, which, like the public transportation trend, noted above, has increased significantly since 1995. In 2010, 1.6 million people traveled on Amtrak trains in the Empire and Adirondack corridors.
29
New York State has 18 public use commercial service airports, 106 public use general aviation airports, and 199 private use airports. The number of commercial service boardings increased in 2010 to about 43.5 million, continuing the upward trend from the drop in 2001-2002 due to 9/11 and the recession. Many air trips are business-related; as a result, boardings are quite sensitive to fluctuations in the economy. Figure 22 shows the statewide trend in boardings since 1980 as well as the share of boarding at the state’s commercial airports.
30
2010
.R
oute
s in
NY
S 2
Inte
rcity
Bus
Rns
port
atio
n &
I18
: Pub
lic T
ran
Figu
re 1
31
Figure 19. Public transit revenue passengers and miles: CY 2010
MTA
89.0%
Upstate
3.0%Other Downstate
8.1%
Statewide Revenue Passengers 2.75 billion
MTA
81.5%
Upstate
7.6%
Other Downstate
10.9%
Statewide Revenue Vehicle Miles 785.9 million
LIRR
10.0%
Metro North
7.3%Para
11.8%Bus
15.8%
Subway
55.0%
MTARevenue Vehicle Miles 640.3 million
LIRR3.3%
Metro North2.3%
Para0.3%
Bus28.9%
Subway65.2%
MTARevenue Passengers 2.45 billion
Percentages may not add to 100 due to rounding
32
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 201070
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
Pass
enge
rs (I
ndex
ed 1
981=
100)
Total
Adirondack
Empire
Figure 21. NYS Empire Corridor & Adirondak Amtrak passengers.
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Year
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
Pass
enge
rs (i
ndex
197
5=1.
00))
Statewide
Upstate
Downstate
Figure 20. NYS public transportation ridership trend.
1975 Ridership (Billions)Statewide 2.113Downstate 2.033
Upstate 0.080
YEAR 1981 Ridership(Million)Total 1.112
Adirondak 0.077Empire 1.035
Adirondack includes trips between NYC and Montreal with at least one endpoint between Albany & Montreal. Ridership doesn’t include NEC & Ethan Allen (Albany - Rutland) service. 1980-2001: Assume ridership totals for Empire include Lakeshore Ltd. Starting FY 2002, includes Lakeshore Ltd. and Mapleleaf where both endpoints are in NYS. NYS portion estimated as 39.75% of NY/Boston-Chicago total.
33
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Pass
enge
rs (m
illio
ns)
Statewide
NYS boardings (all airports)
Figure 22. NYS airport boardings.
PANYNJ-JFK52.6%
PANYNJ-LaGuardia27.5%
Buffalo6.0%
Rochester2.9%
Albany2.9%
Syracuse2.4%
Westchester Co2.3%
LI Mac Arthur2.0%
PANYNJ_Stewart0.5%
Elmira-Corning0.3%
Ithaca0.3%
Binghamton0.2%
Other Upstate0.2%
Enplanements at NYS Airports 2010.
34
6. FREIGHT MOVEMENTS
Three sources of data collected, analyzed, and distributed by the United States Department of Transportation=s Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) were fused by NYSDOT to provide a more comprehensive portrait of goods movement in the State:
1. The 2007, 2002 and 1997 Commodity Flow Surveys (CFS), is an origin shipper survey
which contains the value and tonnage of most products shipped from states of origin within the United States, but do not include foreign trade, crude petroleum, natural gas shipments, or many local transactions;
2. Trans-Border Surface Freight Transportation Data (TBSFTD), which has information
on the value and tonnage of commodities crossing the border between the United States and Canada;
3. The US Waterway Data, which includes statistics on tonnage only (not value) for interstate,
intrastate and US foreign trade conducted by waterborne vessels on navigable waterways.
Figure 23 indicates that almost $900 billion in goods were transported to/from/within New York State in 2007, a 5.7% increase over 2002's freight shipment value. Figure 24 provides the modes used for these shipments in 2007, indicating that trucks carried 72% of the value, 95% of the tonnage, and 90% of the ton-mileage of commodities from New York State.
The 2007 CFS shows that nationally, 70% of the commodities by weight are moved by truck, 15% by rail, 5% by pipeline and the remaining approximately 10% by water, air and multiple modes. In New York State, however, 95% of commodities shipped by weight are moved by truck, while only 2% are moved by rail, 0.5% by pipeline, and the remaining approximately 2.5% by water, air and multiple modes. By contrast, in New York City, 91% of the freight shipped by weight is moved by truck, 17% by water, air, and multiple modes, and only less than 1% by rail. Figures 25 and 26 show that New York State plays a key role in the reciprocal trade between the United States and Canada. According to TBSFTD, $60 billion in commodities (21.6% of all U.S. Customs Port trade) comes from Canada. With respect to U.S. exports to Canada, $52.5 billion in commodities were exported, representing 22% of U.S. Customs Port exports to Canada. The western NY crossings (Buffalo/Niagara Falls) have 59% of the imports and 71% of the exports, while the northern NY crossings, such as Champlain and Alexandria Bay, process 41% of the imports and 29% of the exports.
With respect to border crossing movements with Canada 7.4% of the imports are destined for NYS and 5.1% of the exports originate in NYS. The remainder has an origin or destination in the rest of the U.S. As exhibited in Figure 26, trucks again transported the majority of value shipped between New York and Canada in 2010. Trucks hauled 64% of all imports by value and 79% of the value of exports from New York State, while rail carried 7.3% of import value and 1.6% of export value.
35
The United States Waterway Data indicate that New York State navigable waterways handled 46.2 million tons of goods (imports and exports, excluding 5.7 million tons of waterborne freight moving intrastate) in 2010. Figure 27 shows the percentage of waterborne freight tonnage by origin and destination. The State imports more than twice the amount of waterborne freight tonnage than it exports. The greatest difference is in the foreign trade component, which can be attributed, at least in part, to foreign petroleum imports.
As noted in Figure 1, New York is ranked number eight, among the 50 states, in air freight cargo shipped, according to FAA, with 5.3 billion lbs. of landed weight in 2010. Also, according to the FAA=s Air Carrier Activity Information System (ACAIS) database, JFK International Airport ranks 8th in the Nation based on cargo weight, with 3.9 billion lbs. of landed weight in 2010.
36
Figure 23. Comparison of 2007, 2002, 1997 Commodity Flow Survey. NYS - Value and tonnage of goods movement
NYS Commodity Flow * Value $ (000,000)
Value $ (000,000)
Value $ (000,000)
Tons (000)
Tons (000)
Tons (000)
Combined Shipment Direction 2007 2002 1997 2007 2002 1997Originating In NYS
To Other States 295,197 195,031 168,049 94,296 84,260 63,338To Within NYS 254,477 123,744 122,301 241,486 165,291 217,676
Total 549,674 318,775 290,350 335,782 249,551 281,014Originating Outside NYS
To NYS 342,936 248,728 223,016 123,516 120,751 109,555Total NYS 892,610 567,503 513,366 459,298 370,302 390,569
Value$ (M) % ChgTons (T) %Chg
Key: directional detail
NEW YORK
$37,20020,674
$48,76212,324
$254,477241,486
$294,174111,192
$257,99773,622
* Note: 2002 CFS CD Tables 7 & 8 adjusted for data supression on component flows to match state totals, cfs1.xls2007 survey results depict growth that may be based on: actual growth, survey design, sample size and/or definitional changes
37
Truck71.8%
Rail 0.5% Air (incl trk & air)
1.9%
Parcel,Mail21.7%
Multiple mode1.5%
Other/Unknown2.6%
Value ($Millions)
Truck95.2%
Rail 2.0%
Air (incl trk & air)0.0%
Pipeline0.5%
Parcel,Mail0.6%
Multiple mode1.8%
Tons (000)
Truck90.5%
Rail 5.4%
Air (incl trk & air)0.2%
Parcel,Mail2.6%
Multiple mode0.2%
Other/Unknown1.2%
Ton-miles (Millions)
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2007 Economic Census, Transportation - Commodity Flow Survey - New York Table 1a. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation for State of Origin 2007
*Includes shipments within N.Y.S. Multi-mode includes rail and air freight movements which have a truck component at one or more ends. Missing data for selected modes may indicate did not meet publication standards.
All ModesValue $(000,000) $549,674Tons (000) 335,782Ton-miles (000,000) 73,793
Figure 24. Freight shipments by mode 2007. From NYS to all other states*
38
Central NY0.3%
Northern NY38.1%
Southern NY2.7%
Western NY58.9%
Value (Imports)Central NY
0.0% Northern NY28.7%
Southern NY0.2%Western NY
71.1%
Value (Exports)
Central NY Northern NY Southern NY Western NY
Figure 25. Custom Port Trade with Canada 2010.
NYS Custom Ports
NYS21.6%
Rest of US78.4%
Imports from Canada $ 276.5 Billion
NYS22.0%
Rest of US78.0%
Exports To Canada $248.2 Billion
NYS Rest of US
NYS share of Canada - US Custom Port Trade.
The U.S. Customs and Border Protection (USCBP) port of exit is where the shipment is cleared for export and the last USCBP port cleared. Customs ports represent where entry documentation was filed with Customs and duties paid. This may not always be where the goods physically entered or exited the United States.
NYS7.4%
Rest of US92.6%
Imports from Canada $ 20.5 BillionNYS5.1%
Rest of US94.9%
Exports To Canada $12.7 Billion
NYS Rest of US
NYS share of Canada - US Trade: Goods origination or terminating in NYS.
39
Figure 26. NYS- Canada Custom Port Trade, imports & exports (all modes): 2010
Figure 27. Waterborne freight movements: 2010
Foreign 34.9%Canada
5.9%
Interstate44.9%
Intrastate14.4%
Imports to NYS (tons) Total imports 39.6 million tons
includes 5.7 million tons intrastate
Foreign22.8%
Canada2.5%
Interstate43.1%
Intrastate31.6%
Exports from NYS (tons)Total exports 18.0 million tons
includes 5.7 million tons intrastate
Truck63.6%
Rail7.3%
Pipeline14.8%
Other5.4%
Federal Trade Zone0.2%
Air6.1%
Vessel2.6%
NY-Imports $60.0 billion
Mail0.0%
Truck78.5%
Rail1.6%
Pipeline0.7%
Other0.1%
Air16.7% Vessel
2.4%
NY-Exports $52.5 billion
Percentages may not add to 100 due to rounding
40
41
FIGURE DATA SOURCES FIGURE 1 New York State=s Transportation rankings.
Data Source: various documents listed below Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 2 Decennial census state population: 1900 - 2010
Data Source: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, www.census.gov/statab/hist/HS-04.pdf Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 3 Age distribution of state and national populations: 2010
Data Source: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, 2010 Summary File #1, American Fact Finder (AFF) Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 4 Population by geographic area
Data Source: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census www.census.gov/population/www/censusdata/pop1790-1990.html, 2000, 2010 American Fact Finder (AFF) Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 5 Population mobility (persons 5 years or older): 2006 - 2010
American Fact Finder 2008 - 2010 Data Source: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, 2008 - 2010 American Commodity Survey; American Fact Finder (AFF) Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 6 NYS Non-Farm Employment: 2000 - 2010
Data Source: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Labor Statistics, www.bls.gov/data Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 7 Employees in Non-Farm Establishments: 2010
Data Source: US Department of Commerce, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2012, Table 631, Page 407; www.bls.gov/data Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 8 Licenses, vehicle registrations, gasoline usage, and per-capita VMT: 2010
Data Source: USDOT, Highway Statistics 2010, Tables DL1-C, MV-1, MF33-GA, VM-2 Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 9 Vehicle registrations, gasoline sales, licenses, annual VMT and GDP: 1971 - 2010
Data Source: USDOT, FHWA, Highway Statistics: Summary to 1985, 1986 to 1995, 1996 - 2010; US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, www.bea.gov Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 10 State VMT by jurisdiction, federal-aid category, and urban-rural ratio: 2010
Data Source: USDOT, FHWA, Highway Statistics 2010, Tables HM-20, VM-3; NYSDOT Highway Data Services Bureau: 2010 Highway Mileage Report for New York State; and 2010 HPMS tables Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 11 National Highway System in New York State: 2011
Data Source: NYSDOT Highway Data Services Bureau Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
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FIGURE 12 State and National Fatalities per 100 million VMT: 1970 - 2010 Data Source: USDOT, FHWA, Highway Statistics: Summary to 1985, Table HA-202A, Highway Statistics 1986-95, Table FL-3, Highway Statistics 1996 - 2010, Table FI-20 Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 13 13a: Means of Transportation to Work from Residence - 2010; 13b: Means of Transportation to Work at the Workplace - 2010
Data Source: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, 2010 ACS 1 Year File American Fact Finder (AFF) Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 14 Modes for Census Journey-to-Work by Mode: 1990, 2000, 2010
Data Source: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, 2000 Summary File #3, 2010 ACS 1 Year File American Fact Finder (AFF) Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 15 Census Travel Time to Work (Regional/State/National): 2010
Data Source: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, 2010 ACS 1 Year File American Fact Finder (AFF) Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 16 Person-Trips by Purpose: 2009
Data Source: USDOT, FHWA, 2009 Nationwide Household Transportation Survey, NYS Add-On Summarization, www.dot.ny.gov/ttss/nhts09.pdf Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 17 Person-Trips by Mode: 2009
Data Source: USDOT, FHWA, 2009 Nationwide Household Transportation Survey, NYS Add-On Summarization, www.dot.ny.gov/ttss/nhts09.pdf Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 18 Public Transit System Service Areas in NYS 2010
Data Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division, Public Transportation Bureau Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division,
FIGURE 19 Public Transit Revenue Passengers and Miles: CY 2010
Data Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division, Public Transportation Bureau Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 20 NYS Public Transportation Ridership Trend 1974 - 2010
Data Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division, Public Transportation Bureau Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 21 NYS Empire Corridor Amtrak passengers 1981 - 2010 Data Source: NYSDOT Office of Integrated Modal Services
Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division FIGURE 22 Airport boardings: 1980 - 2010
Data Source: NYSDOT Aviation Bureau; FAA DOT/TSC ACAIS Database Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 23 Comparisons of 1997, 2002, 2010 Commodity Flow Surveys
Data Source: US Department of Commerce, 1997, 2002, 2010 Economic Census, Transportation, Commodity Flow Survey Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
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FIGURE 24 Freight Shipments by Mode: 2007 Data Source: US Census Bureau, 2007 Economic Census, Transportation - Commodity Flow Survey Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 25 Trade with Canada 2010
Data Source: USDOT, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Trans-Border Surface Freight Transportation Data, 2010 Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 26 NYS - Canada Trade, Imports, and Exports by Mode 2010
Data Source: USDOT, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Trans-Border Surface Freight Transportation Data, 2010. Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
FIGURE 27 Waterborne Freight Movements 2010
Data Source: USDOT, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, 2010 United States Waterway Data Source: NYSDOT Policy & Planning Division
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DATA SOURCES NYSDOT • New York State Department of Transportation, Aviation Bureau, New York State Enplanements by
Airport/Years 1995 - 2010 • New York State Department of Transportation, Highway Data Services Bureau, 2010 Highway
Mileage Report for New York State • New York State Department of Transportation, Office of Integrated Modal Services, Amtrak Station
Ridership Reports, various years • New York State Department of Transportation, Policy & Planning Division, Public Transportation
Bureau, Public Transportation Assistance Programs database OTHER NYS AGENCIES $ New York State Department of Labor, Division of Research & Statistics $ New York State Department of Motor Vehicles: Registrations in Force Report, 2010 $ New York State Department of Motor Vehicles: Licenses on File Report, 2010 $ New York State Empire State Development, State Data Center US AGENCIES $ Amtrak, National Fact Sheet, Amtrak Media Relations, July 2010 $ Amtrak, Amtrak Fact Sheet, Fiscal Year 2010, State of New York $ US Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2012, Washington, DC, 2012 $ US Census Bureau, Annual Estimates of Resident Population, July 1, 2010 $ US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, American Community Survey, American Fact
Finder $ US Department of Commerce, Census of Transportation, Communication and Utilities, Commodity
Flow Survey, 2007, 2002, 1997 $ US DOT, Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), Trans-Border Surface Freight Transportation
Data, 2010 $ US DOT, BTS, United States Waterway Data 2010 $ US DOT, BTS, National Transportation Statistics 2010 $ US DOT, BTS, State Transportation Profile Summary; New York 2010 $ US DOT, FAA, Air Carrier Activity Information System (ACAIS),
http:/www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/airports/planning_capacity/passenger_allcargo_stats/ $ US DOT, FHWA, 2009 National Household Travel Survey; U.S. Summary Tables, NYS Tables $ US DOT, FHWA, Highway Statistics: Summary to 1985, 1986-1995, 1996 - 2010 $ World Institute for Strategic Economic Research (WISER), www.wisertrade.org State Exports, from
U.S. Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division OTHER $ Nelson A. Rockefeller Institute of Government, State University of New York, New York State
Statistical Yearbook 2010 $ National Association of Railroad Passengers
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