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علومات واالتصاالت ومدى توظيفها يف بيئة املكتباتشبكات امل

N

شبكات املعلومات واالتصاالت ومدى توظيفها يف بيئة املكتبات

OSI OSI

: ISA MCA EISA PCI USB TV tuner Card


CSMA Token


T1


DLL Frame Relay ATM

IP-VPN DSL Internet VSAT DSL Business X. 25 Videoconferencing Internet


OCLC AUC

- - - -


- -


- - -


--


MotherboardMicroprocessorMemory Input/output

Motherboard Motherboard


chipstransistors

capacitorsresistorsICCPU

expansion slots

cards

input/output

capacitor coil

transistor chip - IC inductor

resistor


PC

PCS 865PE- PCI

Gigabyte 81IPE1000Pro-PCI


capacitorresistors

wafeformtransistors

IC

silicon chips

digital systembinary system

monitor card

sound card

video card


Microprocessor microprocessor

chip

Integrated Circuit (IC)

bits

IBM


XTAT

Pentium

math processor

8KBPentium

microprocessorbits

microprocessorMhz-

Intel


Intel

MHZ bits

- -

- - - SX- - DX- - SX- - DX- - Pentium P5 - DX4- - Pentium Pro P6 - P2 - P3 Ghz- -- P4

Memory


•

•

•

•


Random

Access Memory (RAM)Read Only Memory (ROM)

RAM

chip

bit

byte


Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM)Static Random Access Memory (SRAM)

SIMM–

SODIMM

RAM EDORAM


Hertz Second

– SDRM SIMM – RDRAM-PC1066 SIMM – DDRAM DIMM

Read Only Memory (ROM) –

application programsoperating systems

EROM, EEROM, PROM

EPROM EEPROM ROM

ROM


Cache memory

Input/Output devices


input/output pins

output connections

املكتباتشبكات املعلومات واالتصاالت ومدى توظيفها يف بيئة


Floppy disc

IBM


OfficeDOS

CD’sDVD’s

Hard Disk (HD)

IBMRAMAC

IBM

IBM3740(Winchester)H8598

MicroDriveIBM


Tera byte

––

USB

•


• USB

USB2 • Cache

•

flash discUSB

movsbie hard disk USB


Compact Disc (CD)

digital system

analog systemcross-talking


USB


CD-R, CD-RW, CD-X48, CD-X56

Digital Video Disc (DVD)

optical disc

Digital Versatile DiscDVD


Analog and digital signals

waves

Digital and binary systems


Binary system

Digital systemBinary system

digitbinary-


Analog and decimal systems

---------


--

ASCII


النموذج املرجعي لعمارة الشبكةOSI Model

Application Presentation

Session Transportation

Network Data Link Physical


Network architecture

International Standards Organization (ISO)

Open Systems Interconnection Model


OSI Organization (ISO)International Standards

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)

OSI reference model

OSI

transport layersession layer

network layer


OSI

OSI

Computer A Computer B


Computer AComputer B

interface

OSI Physical layer

RS-232

Data-link layer

FTP - File Transfer Protocol


Network layer

A. D1.23.AS

Internet Protocol (IP)

TCP/IP

Interwork Packet Exchange (IPX)NetwareNetBIOS-

Enhanced User InterfaceWindows

Transport layer

NetBIOSTCPIPX

Session layer


Network File system (NFS)

Structured Query Language (SQL)X-Windows

Presentation layer

PCX

PNGJPGGIF

Application layer

OSI


Internet international society

TCP/IP

Transfer Control Protocol (TCP)Internet Protocol (IP)

TCP/IP


TCP/IPOSI

OSITCP/IP

TCP/IPOSI

TCP/IPOSI

TCP/IPOSITCP/IP

OSITCP/IP

OSITCP/IPOSI


TCP/IP TCP/IP

Link and physical layer

OSI

Internetwork layer

OSI

Transfer layer

OSI


Application layer

Hyper Teext Transfer Protocol

OSI

IEEE802.x IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringOSI

802

TCP/IP

IEEE802.x

OSI


IEEE802.xOSI

EthernetToken ring

802IEEE802.x

المنطقي الجزئيةطبقة تحكم االرتباط طبقة تحكم الوصول إلى الوسائط الجزئية

طبقة التطبيقات طبقة التقديم طبقة الجلسة طبقة النقل طبقة الشبكة

طبقة ربط البيانات الطبقة الفيزيائية

الطبقة الفيزيائية

IEEE802.x ISO

IEEE802.xOSI


IEEE

––OSI802

IEEE802

TCP/IP IEEE802.1

802.3-4-5 IEEE802.1D

IEEE802.2

AT&T IEEE802.3 = 1Base5

IEEE802.3 = 10BaseT

IEEE802.3 = 10Base2

IEEE802.3 = 10Base5

IEEE802.3 =

10Broad36

IEEE802.4


IEEE802.5

LANMAN

Fast Ethernet

IEEE802.6 = 100BaseT

IEEE802.7 IEEE802.8

IEEE802.9 IEEE802.10

IEEE802.11

IEEE802.12 =

100BaseVG

IEEE802.14

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

NFPA


under wirters laboratories

Under wirters Laboratories

EIA/TIA

ULIV

UL

I

token ring

10BaseT

II

III

IV

V


EIA/TIA EIA/TIA

Electronic Industry Association/Telecommunications Industry Association

UTPRS-232CRS-232D

UTP

UL

awg


IBM

awg

10BaseTtoken ring

ohm

EIA/TIAUL


Network card

master card

physical layerdata link layerOSI

RJ-45

BNC


RAM

ROMprocessorpripheralsinput/out

data bus

data bus

Bus

bus

internal bus


CPUmain memoryexpansion bus

address busdata bus

bit

MHz

bus

–

data bus

data bus


XTATISAMCA

PCI

data buses

Types of data buses ISA

ISAIndustry Standard Architecture

IBMXTATIntel 8088ISA

IBM

ISAPCIISA

PentiumISA


ISA

MCA XT

ATIBMPS/2

ISAIBM

MCAMicro Channel Architecture

PS/2RS/6000, AS.400system/370 mainframs

IBM MCA-

ISA

ISAplug and play

MCA


MCA

EISA

XTATPC/2

CompaqEISAExtended Industry Standard Architectur

IBMEISAEISAISA

fileserversPCI

EISA

EISA


PCI IBMISAMCACompaq

EISAIntelPCIPeripheral Component Interconnect

PCI 1.0PCI 2.0PCI 202PCI-XPCI-X 2.0PCI-Express

PCI

plug-and-playPCI

PCIISA

PCIISAPCIISAmodemnetwork card

IBM, Apple,

CompaqPCI PCI


PCI card PCI with USB card PCI card

PCI

USB

ISOUSB

Universal Serial BoardCompaq, HP, Dell

ISA

ISDNcable modemDSL

USBUSB1USB2USB


USB

TV tuner card

expansion slots


PCIISAPCI

ISAUSB


IEEE

IEEE802.5

IEEE802.3

Ethernet

Ethernet


Ethernet

EthernetIEEE

IEEE802.xOSI

10BaseT


100BaseT

Gigabit Ethernet

topologiesnetwork-starring

bus

CSMA

CSMA

CSMA

CSMA/CDCarrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection

Carrier Sense

Multiple Access


Collision Sense

CSMA/CD

10Base


Token ring token ring

tokenring

IEEEIBM802.5

IBM

IBM

IBM

802.5

IEEE

HSTR


High Speed Token Ring

Token CSMA/CD

token


peak value signal

token

token

–

-CSMA/CD


ARCnet ARCnetAttached Resources Computing

netData Point Corporation

ARCnet

IEEE802.4IEEE

token


transmission permission

ARCnet

ARCnet


–

الت ومدى توظيفها يف بيئة املكتباتشبكات املعلومات واالتصا

LAN

Bus network topologyRing network topologyStar network topology

Bus topology


first-in first-out signals

CSMA/CD

-half-duplex-


repeaters

Ring topology

–


token


Star topology

ARCnet


Ethernet

Token ring

physical topology

logical topology


baseband broadbandbandwidth

Bandwidth frequency


Baseband

repeaters

EthernetToken ring


Broadband

datavoiceVideo, TV, DVD, CD

Types of Cables

–

Coaxial cable.

Twisted pairFiber optic


Coaxial cable

crosstalk

pvcteflon


thin coaxialthick coaxial

0.4050.6

10Base20.1951.2

10Base5

•RG-8RG-11

•RG-58

•RG-59

•RG-62ARCnet

connectorsBritish Naval Connectors (BNC)

BNCBNC cable, BNC T, BNC barrel, BNC terminator

Twisted pair


Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)

Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)

-

- token ring


- Ethernet-10BaseT

-token ring

-Ethernet-10BaseX

Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)

§ token ring

§


§

§

§

§

§

§

§

Fiber optic

Kelver


repeatersbridgesrouters

Repeaters

x-


--OSI

Bridges

thick cablethick cable

thick cablethin cable

OSI


Routers OSI

TCP/IP


Gateways

OSI

IPX/IP

Hubs


Switches switchhub

OSI

MAU MAUMulti Access Unit

MAU

token ring

مات واالتصاالت ومدى توظيفها يف بيئة املكتباتشبكات املعلو

modem

DLSISDN

modem

PCworkstationsservers

wordpowerpoint

workstationsservers


Telephone lines

modem

MODEM MODEM

–

MODEM

MODEModulationDEMdulation and MOMODEM


• Kermit

• ASCIIASCII


• Xmodem

• Ymodem

• Zmodem

CCITT, MNP, Bell

TB Bell 103

TB Bell 212

CCITT V.32

CCITT V.32bis


CCITT V.42

CCITT V.42bis

ISDN

CCITT CCS7

ITU V.34

ITU V.90

MNP MNP14

MNP MNP15

TB = Telepone Bell CCITT = Comite Consulatatif International Telegraphique et Telephonique ITU = MNP = Microcom Network Protocol

Internal modem


External modem

DSL

Modem ISDN


Fax modem

Telephone call dial-up

ISDN

DSL

Cable modem

Leased lines


ISDN

T1

T1T3


Telephone lines

ISDN

leased line

ISDN modem DSL modem Cable modem Leased line modem


DSL Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)


uploadingdownloading

Asymmetric Digital

Subscriber Line (ADSL)

Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL)

RADSLVDSL

ISDN

ISDNIntegrated Services Digital Network

analogdigital


BRIPRIB

D(PBX)

BD

T1 T1Bell


T1

T1

x

ISDN

T1T1

T1T1T1Fractional T1

T1

T1


multiplexer

RS-232RS-449V.35

TV cables

––

Cable Access Unit (CAU)


uploading

Data Over Cable Service Internet Specification (DOCSIS)

Satellite services


DLL

Frame Relay

ATM

IP-VPN

DSL Internet

.VSAT

.DSL Business

X.25

.Videoconferencing

.Internet

•

•

•


DLL

•

•

• DDL

•

• DLLV.24 – V.28 _ V.703 – X.21 _ V.35 _ V.36

•DLL

DLL


DLL

Frame Relay

Frame Relay

PVC

• Frame Relay

• •

•


• PVC • • ATM •

Frame Relay

• • • •

• • •

Frame Relay


ATM ATM

high – bandwidth high performance data

wanATM

CBR

Real-time

VBR-nrt

LAN

•

• COS

• Bandwidth


•ATM

ATM

• • • •

• • •

ATM


IP-VPN

IP-VPN

• ATM, DSL, ISDN, Frame Relay,

DLL, BBW


•

•

• Extra net

IP-VPN

•

• IP-

VPNATM –Frame- Relay • IP-VPN

• IP-VPN

• IP-VPN

ICMP, TCP, Telnet ,FTP, HTTP, SMTP, UDP. DHCP, SNMP


IP-VPN

IP-VPN_

• • LAN to LAN • • • • • • IP-VPN


IP-VPN

_ • • • • • • • DSL Internet

•

•


•

•

•

• DSL

• DSLATM

•


VSAT

VSAT


•

•

• VSAT • DDN, PSTN • VSAT

• DSL Business

DSL Business

DSL

DSL Business

IP-VPNIP

•

PVCIP


•

•IP

IP-VPN

X.25

X.25CCITT

PAD

PACKETS

OCTELS


X.25

• X.25

X.25

• X.25

Nodes Concentrators

•

DTE'S

• X.25


• DTEsDTE/PAD

X.25

•

•

PSPDN

•

X.25

• X.25

• X.25CCITT

X.25PSPDN

CCITT


• X.25

X.25

Videoconferncing

•


• • • • • • • • •

•

•

•

•


•

•

Internet

- - - -Frame Relay -Frame Relay

ملعلومات واالتصاالت ومدى توظيفها يف بيئة املكتباتشبكات ا


LAN MAN WAN

–-LAN

MANWAN

WAN

LAN LANLocal Area

NetworkAmerican Heritage DictionaryLocal-


Coaxial cableTwisted cableMODEMFloppy disk


LAN – Local Area Network


MAN MANMetropolitan

Area Network–

–


WAN WANWide Area

Network

BITNETEARNGUFLNET


EARNBITNETGULFNET

Internet

InternetInternet–


(ARPAnet)

ARPA

net

Internet work

ARPAnet


DARPAnet Internet Protocol (IP)Transfer Control Protocol (TCP)

ARPAnet

MilnetNSF netARPA net

BITNETCS net--

NSF net


Network Operating System (NOS)

NOSDOS


MS-Windows NTNovel Netware

UnixOS/2

WindowsUnixLinux

modules

•

• • • •


•

•

•

•

•

• supervisorkernel

• Unix • Linux • Windows

Unix Unix

MITGeneral Electornic BellabsAT & T


Unix

Unix

Unix

Unix

WindowsMac

Unix •TCO • •

unix •


•

•

•

Linux LinuxUnixWindows

•

•


•

•

•

•

• GunGun and c++groffgawk • IEEE POSIX

•

• •

•

FTP


•

•

•

•

•

World Perfect

World perfect

World perfect


• • World perfect

• • • World perfect

• • •

Windows NT

N T

New Technology


Remote Administration

Windows NT

•

•

•

40 gb


•

• • • • •

•

•


• • • •

NTWindows NT3.7

• Windows NT3.1 • Windows NT3.51 •Windows NT4.0

Windows 2000 Profession

Windows 2000 NT FamilyWindows NT Server Windows NT Workstation

• • •


• • • • • •

Windows NT


•

•

•

•

•


• •

•DBMS

•

•


•

•

•DBMS

•

•

•

•

•

•


DBMS

•

•

•

•


• • • • • •


…


Index Medicus

MARCOCLCRLINUTLAS


CD-ROM

Servers

OwnershipAvailability

CD-ROM


-


Books in English


•

• • •

-

––

AARC2


OCLC

OCLCOCLC

OCLC OCLC

OCLC

OCLC

Article First


Electronic Collections Online

OCLC Union Lists periodicalsWord Cat

Papers First

•

•OCLC

OCLC


• • • •

• • • • • • •

•


•

•

•

•

•

•

• • • •


•

•

• • • •

•

• MARC

•

•

•


•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

• MARC •

Z39.50 •


•


•

• • •

•

• • •

•

Z39.50

American Scientific Publisher http// www.aspbs.com

MAA Online http//www.maa.org

http://www.aspbs.comhttp://www.maa.org


Pearson Education http//www.pearsoned.co.uk

Publisher Catalogues http//www.lights.ca/publisher /

Thomoson http//www.thomoson.com

Wiley http//www.eu.wiley.com/wiley CDA

Blackwell http//www.bookshop.blackwell.com.uk

Elsevier http// www.elsevier.com/wps find/book description .cwshome

Gale http//www.gale.com

wolters kluwer http//www.lww.com

Mc Graw Hill http//www.mhprofessional.com

Polity http// www.Polity .co .uk

Taylor http//www.tay lorand francis group.com

Books in print http// www.booksinprint.com

Amazon http//www.amazon.com

http://www.pearsoned.co.ukhttp://www.lights.ca/publisherhttp://www.thomoson.comhttp://www.eu.wiley.com/wileyhttp://www.bookshop.blackwell.com.ukhttp://www.elsevier.com/wpshttp://www.gale.comhttp://www.lww.comhttp://www.mhprofessional.comhttp://www.booksinprint.comhttp://www.amazon.com


• • • • •

• • •


Expert SystemArtificial Intelligence

• • •

• FTP

•

•

• • • • •


• •

•

• •


• •

RFID •

• • • • •


•

•

•

•

•


•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•


Current AwarenessSelective Dissemination Information

use-net news group


CD-ROM

Stlife-Even

Bradley


Consortuim

• Science Direct • Blackwell • Ovid Collection • ABI • ACM • ERIC • NetLibrary


][

• • • •


• • • •


www.wikip edia.ortg 12/12/1428 www.al-jeal.net/forum/lofiversion/index.php/t587.html 12/12/1428 www.wikipedia.org,dated: 12/12/1428 www.itp.net/arabic/features/details.php?id=6160 12/12/1428 www.c4arabic.com 12/12/1428 www.c4arab.com 12/12/1428 www.stc.com.sa 12/12/1428 -

Unix--

-

-

LINUX-

http://www.al-jeal.net/forum/lofiversion/index.php/t587.htmlhttp://www.wikipedia.org,datedhttp://www.itp.net/arabic/features/details.php?id=6160http://www.c4arabic.comhttp://www.c4arab.comhttp://www.stc.com.sa


-

-

www.aruc.org.sa

http://www.aruc.org.sa


-

Stlife-Even, Library Budgets Brace For Internet Cost, Library

Journal.vol. 122. 1997, pp. 44-47. Lynne-Bradley. Washington Hotline Strange Bedfelws. Internet

Democracy UCITA and Libraries, vol. 60, no. 11, 1999, pp. 53963.

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