A WEE BITAbout CELLS….

Some stuff youNEED to know…

The Cell Theory

• All living things are MADE up of cells!

Continued…

• Cells are the basic units of structure and function of all living things!

Lastly…

• Cells come from pre-existing cells!

• Remember Redi?

• Maggots Munching Meat

Cells are either:

Cells come in different Shapes

“Square”

“Rectangular”

“Circular”

“Odd…”

Cells come in different Sizes

• Smallest is bacteria

• Largest is nerve cell in giraffe’s neck

Plant Cell Organelles you NEED to KNOW!

• Cell Wall• Cell Membrane (aka Plasma Membrane)• Chloroplasts• Nucleus• Cytoplasm• Ribosomes• Mitochondria• Vacuoles

Animal Cell Organellesyou NEED to KNOW

• Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane)• Nucleus• Cytoplasm• Ribosome• Mitochondria• Lysosome• Vacuoles• Centrioles

Plant Cell

Animal Cell

Nucleus

• Control Center of Cell • The “Brain” of the cell

• Houses Chromosomes (genetic code) which instruct all cell activities• Instructions for STRANGER-C

• Surrounded by Nuclear Membrane

• Contains Nucleolus• Which produces rRNA / Ribosomes

Cell Membrane (aka Plasma Membrane)

• Surrounds Cytoplasm• Found in EVERY cell!

• Controls what enters and leaves cell• Has NO control over water, gases, glucose

• Made of a lipid bi-layer with proteins floating in it and carbohydrate chains stuck on the outside of it

Cytoplasm

• Jelly-like “goo” inside the cell membrane• Found in EVERY cell!

• Cushions and protects other organelles

• Always moving (streaming) in order to move materials around the cell

Ribosome

• Organelle responsible for protein synthesis• Reads genetic code (RNA) to produce the type of protein

needed at that moment

Mitochondria

• “Powerhouse” of the cell

• Organelle responsible for cell respiration (energy production)• Changes glucose into ATP

• Mighty Mitochondria makes energy, Mighty Mitochondria makes ATP

Vacuole

• Storage area

• Plant cells have one or two large vacuoles to store water

• Animal cells have many small vacuoles to store food, waste, water…

Chloroplast

• Organelle responsible for photosynthesis

• Found in plants in green algae

• Contain the pigment Chlorophyll

• Capture sunlight (solar energy) and store it in the bonds of glucose

Cell Wall

• Non-living, protective barrier surrounding plant cells• Made of Cellulose (a sugar)

• Gives support and structure to plants

Lysosome

• Organelle filled with digestive chemicals (enzymes)• Destroys unwanted material

• “Lys” = “Destroy”

• Found only in Animal cells

Centriole

• Organelle which helps with cell division (cell reproduction)• The “Spider-man” of the cell

• Found only in Animal cells

As for the others…

• Ribosomes make ‘em

• ER takes ‘em• ER=Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Golgi packs and stacks

• What is this referring to?????

A video to help you remember…

Cell Structure Video