A Worldwide Information Utility…A Worldwide Information Utility…thethe

Global Positioning SystemGlobal Positioning System(GPS)(GPS)

August 2000August 2000

OverviewOverview

• PolicyPolicy• Applications & MarketsApplications & Markets• AugmentationsAugmentations• Sustainment & ModernizationSustainment & Modernization• International CooperationInternational Cooperation

PolicyPolicy

U.S. GPS Policy BackgroundU.S. GPS Policy Background

• Designed as a dual-use systemDesigned as a dual-use system– Military applications for multi-Service and Military applications for multi-Service and

Allied useAllied use– Civilian applications for worldwide useCivilian applications for worldwide use

• Free of direct user charges (policy since 1983)Free of direct user charges (policy since 1983)• Consistent U.S. National Policy Consistent U.S. National Policy

statements from both Executive and statements from both Executive and Legislative BranchesLegislative Branches– Presidential Decision Directive, March 1996Presidential Decision Directive, March 1996– U.S. Public Law, December 1998U.S. Public Law, December 1998

• SA turned off May 2000SA turned off May 2000

United States GPS PolicyUnited States GPS Policy

• Provide GPS Standard Positioning Service free of direct Provide GPS Standard Positioning Service free of direct user fees for peaceful civil useuser fees for peaceful civil use

• Encourage acceptance and integration of GPS into Encourage acceptance and integration of GPS into peaceful civil, commercial, and scientific applications peaceful civil, commercial, and scientific applications worldwideworldwide

• Encourage private sector investment in/ use of GPS Encourage private sector investment in/ use of GPS technologies and servicestechnologies and services

• Promote safety and efficiency in transportation and Promote safety and efficiency in transportation and other fieldsother fields

• Promote international cooperation in using GPS for Promote international cooperation in using GPS for peaceful purposespeaceful purposes

• Advance scientific and technical capabilitiesAdvance scientific and technical capabilities• Strengthen and maintain national securityStrengthen and maintain national security

Agriculture

Commerce State

Interior

NASAJustice

Joint Chiefs of Staff

Defense Transportation

The Interagency GPS Executive The Interagency GPS Executive BoardBoard

Applications & MarketsApplications & Markets

Worldwide Sales of GPS Goods Worldwide Sales of GPS Goods & Services Will Reach $16B by & Services Will Reach $16B by

20032003

Worldwide GPS Revenues Worldwide GPS Revenues By Market SegmentBy Market Segment

Car NavigationCar Navigation

• On-board navigationOn-board navigation• Fleet managementFleet management• Roadside assistanceRoadside assistance• Stolen vehicle recoveryStolen vehicle recovery• Enhanced servicesEnhanced services• Mass market Mass market

dominated by Japandominated by Japan• Dataquest: Unit sales Dataquest: Unit sales

of chips for car of chips for car navigation to reach navigation to reach 11.3M in 200111.3M in 2001

• $4.7B sales by 2003$4.7B sales by 2003

Consumer/RecreationalConsumer/Recreational

• Portable receivers Portable receivers for fishermen, for fishermen, hunters, hikers, hunters, hikers, cyclists, etc.cyclists, etc.

• Recreational Recreational facilities -- golf facilities -- golf courses, ski resortscourses, ski resorts

• Integration of GPS Integration of GPS into cellular phonesinto cellular phones– E-911 requirementE-911 requirement

• $3.8B market by $3.8B market by 20032003

Surveying/Mapping/GISSurveying/Mapping/GIS• Sub-centimeter accuracySub-centimeter accuracy• 100%-300% savings in 100%-300% savings in

time, cost, & labortime, cost, & labor– Control survey point: Control survey point:

$10,000 in 1986; $250 in $10,000 in 1986; $250 in 19971997

• Rural electrificationRural electrification• Telecom tower Telecom tower

placementplacement• PipelinesPipelines• Oil, gas, and mineral Oil, gas, and mineral

explorationexploration• Flood plain mappingFlood plain mapping• $3.12B market by 2003$3.12B market by 2003

Tracking/Machine ControlTracking/Machine Control

• Package/cargo Package/cargo deliverydelivery

• Fleet and asset Fleet and asset managementmanagement

• Theft recoveryTheft recovery• Public safety and Public safety and

servicesservices• Farming, mining, and Farming, mining, and

construction construction equipmentequipment

• DGPS/RTK required for DGPS/RTK required for many applicationsmany applications

• $3B market by 2003$3B market by 2003

TimingTiming• GPS offers an inexpensive GPS offers an inexpensive

alternative to costly, high alternative to costly, high maintenance timing equipmentmaintenance timing equipment

• Telecommunications network Telecommunications network synchronization & managementsynchronization & management– Phones, pagers, wireless systemsPhones, pagers, wireless systems– LANs, WANs, InternetLANs, WANs, Internet

• Financial transactionsFinancial transactions• Electrical power grid Electrical power grid

management & fault locationmanagement & fault location• Digital signatures for e-commerceDigital signatures for e-commerce• Some estimate the timing market Some estimate the timing market

at $40-100Mat $40-100M

Emerging GPS ApplicationsEmerging GPS Applications

• Entrepreneurs and scientific Entrepreneurs and scientific researchers invent new applications researchers invent new applications almost every dayalmost every day

• Higher precision is necessary for many Higher precision is necessary for many cutting-edge applicationscutting-edge applications– Differential GPS (DGPS)Differential GPS (DGPS)– Relative DGPSRelative DGPS– Carrier phase positioningCarrier phase positioning– Real-Time Kinematic (RTK)Real-Time Kinematic (RTK)– Post-processingPost-processing

ConstructionConstruction

• Machinery, asset, Machinery, asset, and personnel and personnel managementmanagement

• Rapid surveys for Rapid surveys for laying foundation laying foundation piles, etc.piles, etc.

• Accident preventionAccident prevention• Remote control of Remote control of

machinery possiblemachinery possible– Japanese volcano damJapanese volcano dam

GPS/RTK technology was used in the GPS/RTK technology was used in the construction of the Øresund Bridge construction of the Øresund Bridge

between Denmark and Swedenbetween Denmark and Sweden

Europe is a Major Player Europe is a Major Player in the GPS Marketin the GPS Market

• Rapid growth projected, especially in Rapid growth projected, especially in car navigation sectorcar navigation sector

• Many European firms provide GPS Many European firms provide GPS goods and servicesgoods and services– 45 identified by Booz-Allen Hamilton45 identified by Booz-Allen Hamilton– Scandanavian GNSS Industry CouncilScandanavian GNSS Industry Council

• European governments are investing European governments are investing in GPS augmentation systemsin GPS augmentation systems– Maritime DGPSMaritime DGPS– EGNOSEGNOS– EUREF, SWEPOS, FinnNetEUREF, SWEPOS, FinnNet

The Market is Wide OpenThe Market is Wide Open

• Civil signals are freely available, right nowCivil signals are freely available, right now• Openly published GPS specifications allow Openly published GPS specifications allow

anyone to build receivers (no licensing fees)anyone to build receivers (no licensing fees)• Hardware is becoming a commodityHardware is becoming a commodity• Huge potential exists in value-added Huge potential exists in value-added

servicesservices– Software developmentSoftware development– Embedded applicationsEmbedded applications– Localized GIS databasesLocalized GIS databases– Internet integrationInternet integration– Wireless marketsWireless markets

Unit Cost of Receivers Is Unit Cost of Receivers Is Falling At ~30% Per YearFalling At ~30% Per Year

00

$200$200

$400$400

$600$600

$800$800

19911991 19931993 19951995 19971997 19991999

Source: U.S. GPS Industry Council

Projected Relative Market ShareProjected Relative Market Share

AugmentationsAugmentations

Sustainment & Sustainment & ModernizationModernization

As of 15 June 2000

27 Operational Satellites6 - Block II 18 - Block IIA 3 - Block IIR

27 Operational Satellites6 - Block II 18 - Block IIA 3 - Block IIR

SVN 22PRN 22

SVN36PRN06

SVN 24PRN 24

SVN 51PRN20

SVN 29PRN 29

SVN 25PRN 25

SVN 38PRN 08

SVN 27PRN 27

SVN 19PRN 19

SVN 30PRN 30

SVN 13PRN 02

SVN 35PRN 05

SVN 44 PRN 28

SVN 33PRN 03

SVN 31PRN 31

SVN 37PRN 07

SVN 46PRN 11

SVN 17 PRN 17

SVN 34PRN 04

SVN 21PRN 21

SVN 40PRN 10

SVN 23PRN 23

SVN 16PRN 16

SVN 26PRN 26

SVN 18PRN 18

SVN 32PRN 01

SVN 43PRN 13

A B C D E F1

2

3

4

5

SVN 39PRN 09

SVN 15PRN 15

•Set to “Active” June 1, 2000Constellation Status

•Launched July 16, 2000

•DisposalPending

Constellation StatusConstellation Status

The End of Selective AvailabilityThe End of Selective AvailabilityMay 2, 2000May 2, 2000

-200-180-160-140-120-100

-80-60-40-20

020406080

100120140160

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Time of Day (Hours UTC)

Horizontal Error (meters)Vertical Error (meters)

2 May 2000Colorado Springs, Colorado

ANALYSIS NOTES

- Data taken from Overlook PAN Monitor Station, equipped with Trimble SVeeSix Receiver- Single Frequency Civil Receiver- Four Satellite Position Solution at Surveyed Benchmark- Data presented is raw, no smoothing or editing

SPS CEP AFTER TRANSITION: 2.8 metersSPS SEP AFTER TRANSITION: 4.6 meters

GPS ModernizationGPS Modernization

Improved UserImproved UserEquipmentEquipment

Redundant Safety Redundant Safety of Life Signalsof Life Signals

Increased Increased Radiated Radiated PowerPower

Service forService forSpace UsersSpace Users

Augmentations, Augmentations, Improved TimingImproved Timing

Current GPS SegmentsCurrent GPS SegmentsSpace Segment Space Segment

Block II/IIABlock II/IIA• OperationalOperational• Rockwell (now Boeing)Rockwell (now Boeing)• 26 on orbit26 on orbit• MMD 6.0/8.6/10.6 yrsMMD 6.0/8.6/10.6 yrs Block IIRBlock IIR• Operational/In Operational/In productionproduction• Lockheed MartinLockheed Martin• All 21 procuredAll 21 procured• 2 on orbit2 on orbit• 11 Destroyed on launchDestroyed on launch• MMD 7.8 yrsMMD 7.8 yrsBlock IIFBlock IIF• In productionIn production• Boeing(Rockwell)Boeing(Rockwell)• 6 already procured6 already procured• Options for 24 moreOptions for 24 more without without modernizationmodernization• MMD 12.7 yrsMMD 12.7 yrs

User Equipment Segment User Equipment Segment

Signals in Signals in SpaceSpace Military Military

P(Y)P(Y)Civil (C/A)Civil (C/A)

P(Y)P(Y)

L2L2 L1L1

DIEGO DIEGO GARCIAGARCIA

COLORADOCOLORADOSPRINGSSPRINGS

CAPE CANAVERALCAPE CANAVERAL

ASCENSIOASCENSIONN

HAWAIIHAWAIIKWAJALEINKWAJALEIN

Ground Control Segment Ground Control Segment MasterMaster ControlControl StationStation (1)(1)Monitor Station (5)Monitor Station (5)Ground Antenna (4)Ground Antenna (4)

Modernized GPS Space SegmentModernized GPS Space Segment

GPS Modernization plan meets White House announcements of GPS Modernization plan meets White House announcements of adding new civil services while implementing spectrally adding new civil services while implementing spectrally

separated military servicesseparated military services

P(Y)P(Y)C/AC/A

P(Y)P(Y)C/AC/AM-codeM-code M-codeM-code

L5L51176.45MHz1176.45MHz

P(Y)P(Y)C/AC/A

P(Y)P(Y)C/AC/AM-codeM-code M-codeM-code

Signals in SpaceSignals in Space

Signals in SpaceSignals in Space

Block IIRs (up to 12 Block IIRs (up to 12 SV’s)SV’s)• Adds C/A to L2Adds C/A to L2• Adds new militaryAdds new military M-Code M-Code• Increases signalIncreases signal power for existing power for existing signals signals

Adds civil L5 to Adds civil L5 to allallBlock IIFsBlock IIFs

Pursue optimumPursue optimumApproach for Approach for higher power M-higher power M-code spot beamcode spot beam

L2L21227.6MHz1227.6MHz

L1L11575.45MHz1575.45MHz

L2L2 L1L1

GPS III ModernizationGPS III ModernizationFY00FY00 0101 0202 0303 0404 0505 0606 0707 0808 0909 1010 1111 1212 1313

EMD IAT

1414

GPS III Prod

Decision on Spot Beam Productionbased on Qual Vehicle Testing SV 4-6 IAT

LL Prod

Qual Vehicle

On-Orbit Test

Systems Arch /Rqts Study

SV 7-9 IATLL Prod

SV 10-12 IATLL Prod

SV 13-15 IATLL Prod

SV 16-18LL Prod

IAT

Qual Test

GPS III SVs 1-3 transitioned to operational status

Competitive Trade Studies(Two contractors) EMD Vehicles

RFP/SS

RFP/SS

PD/RR

Modernization Budget StatusModernization Budget Status

• DoD’s FY01 GPS Modernization budget DoD’s FY01 GPS Modernization budget request included both military and civil request included both military and civil enhancementsenhancements– Total request for GPS Modernization of Total request for GPS Modernization of

Space and Ground Control Segment for Space and Ground Control Segment for FY01 was $440.9MFY01 was $440.9M

– DoD’s FY01 Appropriation was enacted by DoD’s FY01 Appropriation was enacted by Congress on August 9, 2000, at the Congress on August 9, 2000, at the requested level of fundingrequested level of funding

International CooperationInternational Cooperation

International CooperationInternational Cooperation

• Promote acceptance and peaceful use Promote acceptance and peaceful use of GPS and its augmentationsof GPS and its augmentations– International offering of GPS to ICAO and International offering of GPS to ICAO and

IMOIMO• Service Service freefree of direct user charges of direct user charges• Non-proprietary signal standards for civil servicesNon-proprietary signal standards for civil services

– GPS Augmentations -- Worldwide GPS Augmentations -- Worldwide interoperabilityinteroperability• Space-based systems (WAAS, MSAS, EGNOS) for Space-based systems (WAAS, MSAS, EGNOS) for

aviationaviation• Land-based DGPS technology for maritime and Land-based DGPS technology for maritime and

terrestrial uses: already adopted by 35 countriesterrestrial uses: already adopted by 35 countries• Global, non-proprietary standardsGlobal, non-proprietary standards

Principles for CooperationPrinciples for Cooperation• No direct user feesNo direct user fees for civil and public safety for civil and public safety

servicesservices• Ensure Ensure open marketopen market driven competition for user driven competition for user

equipment and applicationsequipment and applications• Open signal structureOpen signal structure for all civil services to for all civil services to

promote equal access for applications promote equal access for applications development and value added servicesdevelopment and value added services

• Protection of the current radionavigation Protection of the current radionavigation spectrum from disruption and interferencespectrum from disruption and interference

• Use of GPS time, geodesy, and signal structure Use of GPS time, geodesy, and signal structure standardsstandards

• Seamless, global Seamless, global interoperabilityinteroperability of future of future systems with GPSsystems with GPS

• Recognition of national and international security Recognition of national and international security issues and protecting against misuseissues and protecting against misuse

U.S. - Japan CooperationU.S. - Japan Cooperation

• September 1998: Joint Statement signedSeptember 1998: Joint Statement signed• GPS based augmentationsGPS based augmentations• Largest commercial market share for Largest commercial market share for

products and servicesproducts and services• September 1999: Working Groups met in September 1999: Working Groups met in

Washington, D.C.Washington, D.C.– PolicyPolicy– TransportationTransportation– Commercial & ScientificCommercial & Scientific

• Next plenary session in TokyoNext plenary session in Tokyo

U.S. - Russia ConsultationU.S. - Russia Consultation

• May 19 in Washington, D.C.May 19 in Washington, D.C.• Excellent dialogueExcellent dialogue

– Many common viewsMany common views– Principles of CooperationPrinciples of Cooperation

• Next meeting in Fall 2000 in MoscowNext meeting in Fall 2000 in Moscow

U.S. - E.U.U.S. - E.U.

• Use of GPS and its augmentations for Use of GPS and its augmentations for commercial products and services incorporating commercial products and services incorporating open signal structureopen signal structure

• 1998: U.S. presented draft Framework 1998: U.S. presented draft Framework Agreement based on GPS and its augmentationsAgreement based on GPS and its augmentations– Consider inclusion of: International Advisory Consider inclusion of: International Advisory

Commission, Intent of Guarantee, Statement of Free Commission, Intent of Guarantee, Statement of Free ServiceService

• 2000: Cooperation concept2000: Cooperation concept– Stage 1: Framework Cooperative Agreement based on Stage 1: Framework Cooperative Agreement based on

Principles of CooperationPrinciples of Cooperation– Stage 2: Working groupsStage 2: Working groups– Stage 3: Follow-on agreement to cover Galileo Stage 3: Follow-on agreement to cover Galileo

operations phaseoperations phase

U.S. Questions About GalileoU.S. Questions About Galileo

• To be understood:To be understood:– Revenue stream generationRevenue stream generation– Future regulatory actionsFuture regulatory actions– Required use (mandate through standards)Required use (mandate through standards)– Interoperability of free open system with Interoperability of free open system with

fee-based encrypted systemfee-based encrypted system• Safety of life applicationsSafety of life applications

– Prevention of misusePrevention of misuse– Open specifications and standards for equal Open specifications and standards for equal

worldwide market accessworldwide market access– Spectrum useSpectrum use– Security serviceSecurity service

SummarySummary• GPS is a key component of the global GPS is a key component of the global

information infrastructureinformation infrastructure• U.S. is committed to providing GPS service U.S. is committed to providing GPS service

free of direct user fees to users worldwidefree of direct user fees to users worldwide• Adherence to U.S. principles has led to GPS Adherence to U.S. principles has led to GPS

standardization and market growthstandardization and market growth• GPS modernization is under wayGPS modernization is under way• U.S. is continuing international outreach to U.S. is continuing international outreach to

further understanding of GPS, its further understanding of GPS, its augmentations, and its applicationsaugmentations, and its applications

• U.S. is fostering international dialogue to be U.S. is fostering international dialogue to be responsive to global user needsresponsive to global user needs

BackupBackup

Public ServicesPublic Services• Transportation Transportation

infrastructureinfrastructure– Road Billing Network Road Billing Network

(ROBIN)(ROBIN)– SnowplowsSnowplows

• Emergency responseEmergency response– Law enforcementLaw enforcement– Fire fightingFire fighting– Search and rescueSearch and rescue– ParamedicsParamedics– Disaster reliefDisaster relief

AviationAviation

• GPS approved for GPS approved for en-route navigationen-route navigation

• More efficient flight More efficient flight routing leads to fuel routing leads to fuel savingssavings

• Better tracking of Better tracking of aircraft enhances aircraft enhances safetysafety

• Closer spacing of Closer spacing of planes increases planes increases airspace capacityairspace capacity

• $710M market by $710M market by 20032003

Maritime NavigationMaritime Navigation• GPS-based vessel tracking GPS-based vessel tracking

and traffic management and traffic management maximizes effectiveness of maximizes effectiveness of waterwayswaterways

• Improved safety increases Improved safety increases maritime commercemaritime commerce

• Maritime DGPS service for Maritime DGPS service for enhanced accuracy and enhanced accuracy and safety available in 34 safety available in 34 countriescountries

• $210M market by 2003$210M market by 2003

Original Equipment Original Equipment ManufacturersManufacturers

• ChipsetsChipsets• Electronic boardsElectronic boards• Antennas, componentsAntennas, components• Standalone receiversStandalone receivers• $690M market by 2003$690M market by 2003

MilitaryMilitary

• GPS is a recognized GPS is a recognized NATO standardNATO standard

• GPS is required on GPS is required on all U.S. military all U.S. military systemssystems

• Precision munitions Precision munitions widely used during widely used during Gulf War, KosovoGulf War, Kosovo

Scientific ResearchScientific Research

• Monitoring geological Monitoring geological changechange– Glaciers, tectonic Glaciers, tectonic

plates, earthquakes, plates, earthquakes, volcanoesvolcanoes

• Wildlife behaviorWildlife behavior• Atmospheric Atmospheric

modelingmodeling– Water vapor contentWater vapor content

• Oceanic studiesOceanic studies– Tidal patternsTidal patterns– Surface mappingSurface mapping

• Time transferTime transfer

Environmental ManagementEnvironmental Management

• ForestryForestry• Wetlands Wetlands

managementmanagement• Natural resource Natural resource

managementmanagement• Fisheries boundary Fisheries boundary

enforcementenforcement• Endangered species Endangered species

and habitat and habitat preservationpreservation

• Hazardous material Hazardous material cleanupcleanup– Oil spills, toxic wasteOil spills, toxic waste

Open Pit MiningOpen Pit Mining

• Enhanced Enhanced management of management of assets, equipmentassets, equipment

• Progress tracked in Progress tracked in real-time, remotelyreal-time, remotely

• Improved machine Improved machine control saves time, control saves time, lowers maintenance lowers maintenance and fuel consumption, and fuel consumption, prevents accidentsprevents accidents

• Rapid surveying for Rapid surveying for drilling blast holesdrilling blast holes

• Smaller, more Smaller, more empowered workforceempowered workforce

Space ApplicationsSpace Applications

• Improved orbit and Improved orbit and attitude control for attitude control for satellites, International satellites, International Space StationSpace Station

• Space Station return Space Station return vehiclevehicle

• Advance Land Observing Advance Land Observing Satellite uses GPS to Satellite uses GPS to calibrate high resolution calibrate high resolution radar mapsradar maps

• Satellite formation flyingSatellite formation flying• Space launch range Space launch range

safetysafety

Basic Positioning: TodayBasic Positioning: Today

Before May 2000:Before May 2000:25-100 m25-100 m

10-20 m10-20 m

• C/A Code on L1C/A Code on L1

Basic Positioning: TomorrowBasic Positioning: Tomorrow

1-5 m1-5 m

• C/A Code on L1C/A Code on L1• C/A Code on L2C/A Code on L2• New Code on L5New Code on L5

Better Better resistance to resistance to interferenceinterference

Eliminates need for Eliminates need for costly DGPS in many costly DGPS in many non-safety non-safety applicationsapplications

Advanced Positioning: TodayAdvanced Positioning: Today

• L1 Code and CarrierL1 Code and Carrier• L2 CarrierL2 Carrier• Data LinkData Link

10 km10 km

2 cm accuracy2 cm accuracy

Advanced Positioning: Advanced Positioning: TomorrowTomorrow

• L1 Code and CarrierL1 Code and Carrier• L2 Code and CarrierL2 Code and Carrier• L5 Code and CarrierL5 Code and Carrier• Data LinkData Link

100+ km100+ kmFaster recovery Faster recovery following signal following signal interruptions interruptions (ex., under (ex., under bridges)bridges) 2 cm accuracy2 cm accuracy Fewer base Fewer base

stations stations neededneeded

GPS Spectrum ImportanceGPS Spectrum Importance

• Radio interference affects a wide range Radio interference affects a wide range of users and limits growth of new of users and limits growth of new capabilities and applicationscapabilities and applications

• Without backbone GPS signals, derived Without backbone GPS signals, derived performances and safety of life services performances and safety of life services will not functionwill not function

Spectrum UseSpectrum Use

• GPS service frequenciesGPS service frequencies– Radionavigation satellite signals currently Radionavigation satellite signals currently

provided in two frequency bands: 1575 MHZ provided in two frequency bands: 1575 MHZ (L1) and 1227 MHz (L2)(L1) and 1227 MHz (L2)

• New civil GPS frequenciesNew civil GPS frequencies– New civil signals to be added at 1227 MHz New civil signals to be added at 1227 MHz

(L2) and 1176 MHz (L5)(L2) and 1176 MHz (L5)– L5 signal to feature higher power and ARNS L5 signal to feature higher power and ARNS

protection to support safety of life navigationprotection to support safety of life navigation– Three civil signals will increase reliabilityThree civil signals will increase reliability– Space-to-space service (satellite control & Space-to-space service (satellite control &

positioning)positioning)

Spectrum UseSpectrum Use

• E.U. proposal to overlay L1, L2, and L5E.U. proposal to overlay L1, L2, and L5• U.S. primary objective: No impact or U.S. primary objective: No impact or

degradation to current usersdegradation to current users– Suggested overlay of L5 -- designed to Suggested overlay of L5 -- designed to

accommodate more than one systemaccommodate more than one system– Initial European opposition due to DMEsInitial European opposition due to DMEs– Requested data on Galileo signal structure Requested data on Galileo signal structure

to analyze overlay feasibilityto analyze overlay feasibility– Requested E.U. plan for use of spectrum Requested E.U. plan for use of spectrum

already planned for Galileo (E1-E6)already planned for Galileo (E1-E6)