AATCC Test Method 15-2013

Colorfastness to Perspiration

AATCC Test Method 107-2013

Colorfastness to Water

Scope

• Fibers

• Yarns

• Fabrics

• Dyed

• Printed

• Otherwise colored

• DyestuffsAATCC TM15 & TM107

Perspiration Tester

• 21 Plates (glass or plastic)

• Weight (for horizontal)

or

• Pressure gauge unit (for vertical)

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Horizontal

perspiration tester

Vertical perspiration tester

Multifiber Test Fabric

• Unfused edges

• 8 mm bands

• For specimens with silk:

• For specimens with no silk:

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Wool

Viscose Rayon

Silk

Nylon

Cotton

Acetate

Wool

Acrylic

Polyester

Nylon

Cotton

Acetate

Apparatus & Materials

• Balance, accurate to 0.001 g

• Wringer (preferred)

or

• Blotting paper (for fabrics that do not retain water)

• TM15: pH meter, accurate to 0.01

• Non-dyeable adjacent cloth (for yarn & fiber specimens)

• Drying oven

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Reagent: TM15

• 500 mL distilled water in 1-L volumetric flask

• 10 g sodium chloride

• 1 g lactic acid, USP 85%

• 1 g disodium hydrogen phosphate, anhydrous

• 0.25 g l-histidine monohydrochloride

• Add distilled water to 1-L mark

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Reagent pH: TM15

• Measure pH of prepared solution

• pH should be 4.3

• If NOT 4.3 ±0.2, discard solution and start over

• Discard solution after 3 days

– Fungi grows, even in stoppered bottle

– pH gradually rises

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Simulated Perspiration

• Test method originally included alkaline and acid perspiration solutions

• 1974 study found results with alkaline solution did not correlate with wearer experience

– Wool showed more staining in alkaline test than experienced by wearers

– Acetate showed less staining in alkaline test than experienced by wearers

• 1974 study found results with acid solution “predicts wear performance accurately and consistently.”

– “Where there is a deviation from consumer experience it is slight and on the more critical side.”

• For alkaline solution, reference TM15-1973 or formula in Notes section of current version.

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Reagent: TM107

• Distilled water

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Fabric Specimens

• 6 × 6 cm

• Place multifiber on face of specimen

• Stitch along one selvage

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Yarn/Fiber Specimens

• 6 × 6 cm undyed adjacent fabric

• Specimen: ~½ mass of multifiber + adjacent

• Specimen between adjacent and multifiber

• Stitch along all edges

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Procedure

• Weigh specimen assembly (including multifiber)• Place specimen assembly in petri dish

– 9 cm diameter– 2 cm deep

• Add solution to depth of 1.5 cm– Room temperature

• Soak 30 min.– Agitate and squeeze for complete wetting– Alternate soak and wring if necessary– 15 min. may be sufficient for TM107

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Procedure

• Pass specimen assembly through wringer

– Stripes perpendicular to rolls

• Wring

– TM15: 225% original weight

– TM107: 250%-300% original weight

– Blot instead of wringing if necessary

– Specimens for comparison should have identical pickup

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Procedure

• Place each specimen assembly on a separate plate

– Stripes perpendicular to length of plate

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Procedure – Horizontal Tester

• Insert all 21 plates

– Distribute plates with specimens among empty plates

• Set springs and metal plate in place

• Place 3.63 kg (8.0 lb) weight on top

– Total pressure of 4.54 kg (10.0 lb)

• Lock metal plate in place using thumb screws

• Remove weight

• Place unit in oven, on its side

AATCC TM15 & TM107

AATCC TM15 & TM107

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Place unit in oven, on its side (rather than vertically) to ensure even pressure on all specimens.

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Procedure – Vertical Tester

• Insert all 21 plates

– Distribute plates with specimens among empty plates

• Adjust screw to apply 4.54 kg (10.0 lb) force

• Lock unit with set screw

• Remove pressure gauge unit

• Place specimen unit in oven

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Procedure

• Place loaded specimen unit in oven

– Constant 38±1°C (100±2°F)

– TM15: 6 h

– TM107: 18 h

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Procedure

• Remove unit from oven

• Remove specimen assemblies from unit

• Separate each multifiber, test specimen, and un-dyed adjacent fabric specimen

• Condition

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Evaluation: Color Change

• Evaluate color change of test specimen

• AATCC EP1, Gray Scale for Color Change

or

• AATCC EP7, Instrumental Assessment of the Change in Color of a Test Specimen

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Evaluation: Staining

• Evaluate staining of each multifiber stripe

• Evaluate staining of adjacent fabric, if applicable

• AATCC EP2, Gray Scale for Staining

or

• AATCC EP8, AATCC 9-Step Chromatic Transference Scale

or

• AATCC EP12, Instrumental Assessment of Degree of Staining

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Report

• Color change grade for test specimen

• Staining grade for each multifiber stripe

– Note fiber type associated with each rating

• Staining grade for adjacent fabric, if applicable

• Visual or instrumental evaluation

• Scale used to evaluate staining (if visual)

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Verification

• Test periodically with in-house control fabric

– Mid-range stain grade on most heavily-stained multifiber stripe

– Three specimens

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Troubleshooting

• Ensure accurate and even wet-out

• Ensure even pressure

– Check for warped plates

– Check for raised areas of plates or specimens

– Check spring compressibility

• Calibrate balance, pH meter, oven

AATCC TM15 & TM107

Polyester/Spandex Note

AATCC TM15 & TM107

13.7 CAUTION: It has been reported that

the results for staining obtained by this

method on fabrics dyed to dark shades (navy,

black, etc.) that contain a combination of

polyester and spandex, or their blends, may

not show the full staining propensity of such

fabrics in consumer use. It is, therefore,

recommended that the staining results obtained

by this test not be used for the acceptance

testing of such fabrics.