Accessibility Standards from the Inside Out

Madeleine RothbergNational Center for Accessible Media at WGBH

June 16, 2016

So many standards!

Web standards from W3C: WCAG, HTML, ARIA W3C DPUB Note and ARIA DPUB roles EPUB for Education EPUB Accessibility: Conformance and Discovery

Requirements for EPUB Publications Schema.org and ONIX metadata

2

© 2016 WGBH

What is a digital book?

Words, images, widgets...

Arranged with structure

Wrapped in a book formatSold or offered from an online catalog

3

© 2016 WGBH

Standards guide accessibility in every layer 4

© 2016 WGBH

Words etc. in accessible HTML with ARIA

Arranged with structure using ARIA DPUB roles

Wrapped in a book format using EPUB a11y standard

Offered in an online catalog using Schema.org and ONIX metadata

Words etc. in accessible HTML with ARIA

Arranged with structure using ARIA DPUB roles

Wrapped in a book format using ePUB a11y standard

Offered in an online catalog using Schema.org and ONIX metadata

Not quite so neat 5

© 2016 WGBH

W3C Accessibility Standards

HTML5 Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0

—Start with “Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) Overview”

—Perceivable, Operable, Understandable and Robust—Success criteria—Specific techniques and code samples

(HTML, CSS, PDF, ARIA, Flash, other technologies) User Agent Accessibility Guidelines 2.0

—Ebook readers are user agents Authoring Tools Accessibility Guidelines 2.0

6

© 2016 WGBH

ARIA and DPUB

Accessible Rich Internet Applications 1.0 and soon 1.1—adds accessibility semantics to a host language, i.e.

HTML or EPUB—always use native HTML or EPUB when that has

semantics— layer on ARIA, but not too much

Digital Publishing Working Group (DPUB) documents in progress—Note offers overview and use cases—ARIA module offers roles, states and

properties specific to the digital publishing industry

7

© 2016 WGBH

EPUB Standards

EPUB 3.1 in progress—3.0 added accessibility support—3.1 new accessibility features

Metadata, audio formats

EPUB for Education (formerly EduPUB):profile of EPUB with rich educational semantics

EPUB Accessibility: Conformance and Discovery Requirements for EPUB PublicationsEditor's Draft 26 April 2016 – Please comment—Requirements doc—Techniques doc

8

© 2016 WGBH

Accessibility Metadata

ONIX—extensive accessibility features list—Code List 196

Schema.org and a11ymetadata.org—accessibility features, hazards, control, API—work in progress:

access mode, access mode sufficient, accessibility summary, braille details

Work in progress: harmonize ONIX and Schema.org accessibility metadata

9

© 2016 WGBH

10

© 2016 WGBH

Accessibility Metadata in HTML 11

© 2016 WGBH

Resources for HTML and ARIAWeb Accessibility Initiative:https://www.w3.org/WAI/

WCAG Overview:https://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/wcag.php

ARIA 1.1W3C Working Draft 17 March 2016https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-1.1/

Digital Publishing and Accessibility in W3C Documents:W3C Interest Group Note 03 May 2016https://www.w3.org/TR/dpub-accessibility/

Digital Publishing WAI-ARIA Module 1.0:W3C Working Draft 17 March 2016https://www.w3.org/TR/dpub-aria-1.0/

12

© 2016 WGBH

Resources for EPUB

EPUB for Education :Draft Specification 22 February 2016 http://www.idpf.org/epub/profiles/edu/spec/

EPUB AccessibilityConformance and Discovery Requirements for EPUB Publications:Editor's Draft 26 April 2016http://www.idpf.org/epub/a11y/accessibility.html

EPUB Accessibility Techniques:Editor's Draft 26 April 2016http://www.idpf.org/epub/a11y/techniques.html

13

© 2016 WGBH

Resources for Accessibility MetadataONIX:Download the specification and all code lists

http://www.editeur.org/93/Release-3.0-Downloads/#Specification

Accessibility Metadata:Specification, examples, crosswalk, and more

http://www.a11ymetadata.org/

Schema.org Metadata Integration Guide for EPUB 3:Advice on integrating schema.org metadata in the EPUB® package documentBy Matt Garrish, Michael Jay, and Madeleine Rothberg

http://www.idpf.org/epub/guides/schema-org-integration/

14

© 2016 WGBH

Questions

Madeleine RothbergNational Center for Accessible Media at WGBH

madeleine_rothberg@wgbh.org

15

© 2016 WGBH