ab 1810 implementation - california courtsthe basics of ab 1810 creates penal code §§ 1001.35...
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AB 1810 Implementation
Behavioral Health Education Series
Episode One
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Learning Goals
• Basic understanding of new mental health diversion law
• Impact of recent amendments and case law
• Framework and models for implementing mental health diversion
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Reasons for AB 1810
• Bed space crisis at Department of State Hospitals (DSH)
• Increase in incompetence to stand trial (IST) filings
• Increasing waitlist for DSH placements
• Connect people to local mental health treatments
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Reasons for AB 1810
• A growing crisis/ disproportionate representation
• 4% of the general population have a serious mental health D/O
• 20% of inmates in CA jails on psychiatric medications
• 30% of prisoners in CDCR in mental health system
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Purpose of Diversion Penal Code § 1001.35:
Increased diversion of individuals with mental disorders . . . while protecting public safety.
Allowing local discretion and flexibility for counties in the development and implementation of diversion . . .
Providing diversion that meets the unique mental health treatment and support needs of individuals with mental disorders.
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The Basics of AB 1810
✓Creates Penal Code §§ 1001.35 & 1001.36 The Diversion Statutes
✓Amends Penal Code §§ 1370 & 1370.01 Incompetent to Stand Trial (IST) Statutes
✓Adds Welfare & Institutions Code § 4361 DSH Diversion funding
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Mental Health DiversionEligibility Requirements
1. Diagnosed DSM-5 disorder
2. Disorder played significant role in charged offense (wording change 1/1/19)
3. Disorder would respond to treatment
4. Waives speedy trial rights & consents to diversion (unless IST)
5. Agrees to comply with treatment
6. No unreasonable risk of danger if treated in community
Penal Code §1001.36
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Mental Health DiversionEligibility Requirements
• Set minimum standards which empower the judge to grant diversion in his/her discretion
• Does not create an entitlement or right to diversion for defendant
• Judge then needs to approve treatment program
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SB 215 Amends Penal Code 1001.36 effective 1/1/19
➢ List of ineligible offenses
➢ Defense makes prima facie showing eligible & suitable
➢ Judge can deny if no prima facie showing
➢ Judge can order restitution
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People v. Frahs• Mr. Frahs presented evidence of his
mental disorder at trial
• Jury found him guilty
• Sentenced to prison
• AB 1810 passed when pending appeal
• Conditionally reversed to allow consideration of diversion
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Diversion for Incompetent Defendants
Defendants eligible and suitable for
PC §1001.36 diversion
Defendants who have
been found incompetent
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Diversion for Incompetent Defendants
Doubt declaredEvaluation by
expert
Found incompetent to
stand trial
Court finds appropriate for
diversion
Two year diversion
Case dismissed upon successful
completion
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DSH Diversion for Incompetent Defendants
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DSH Diversion funding▪ $100 million
▪ IST felony population & 3 diagnoses
▪ DSH contracts with counties
▪ 20% match by larger counties
▪ 10% match by smaller counties
▪ Round 1 - $91 million, targeting 15 counties
▪ Round 2 - $8.5 million, all counties
▪ Christina Edens DSH available
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Start small
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Stakeholder conversations
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What is happening in the jail?
• Mental health screening
• Referrals to services
• Help enrolling in Medi-Cal
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Who acts as the gate keeper for diversion?
Who monitors diversion?
• Individual calendar judges?
• One centralized judge?
• Judge with mental health expertise?
• Mental health court judge?
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Who provides treatment for participants?
• County providers
• Community providers
• Veterans Affairs
• Private insurance
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What kind of treatment?• In-patient psychiatric beds
• Residential facilities
• Out-patient
• Partial hospitalization
• Full service partnerships
• Individual and group therapy
• Medication and med management
• Substance Abuse Treatment (if co-occurring disorder)
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Who supervises people in diversion program?
• Court (and which judge)
• Pretrial Services
• Probation
• Case managers
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Impact on existing collaborative courts
o Separate or integrated?
o Changing current mental health court population?
o How do you decide which track?
o Using other collaborative courts?
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Case Study: Sacramento
Judge Brown
o Starting with misdemeanorso Concentrating diversion
cases in 2 misdemeanor home courts
o Supervision through periodic reviews in the court
o More serious cases stay in mental health court to allow probation supervision
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Case Study:Santa Clara
Judge Manley
o IST Diversion programo Centralized 1368 courto Once deemed incompetent,
DA and PD meet & decide if suitable for diversion
o 1368 court judge reviews recommendation
o If granted diversion, sent to mental health court judge
o If successful for diversion period, case dismissed
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Data collection
• Data required for DSH diversion
• Are you tracking data and what data are you tracking?
• How are you preventing demographic disparities in exercise of discretion?
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Questions?
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Resources:
• Webinar on JCC YouTube Channel by mid-November
• Memo by Judge Couzens & materials on Judicial Resources Network
• Listserv [email protected]
• Criminal Justice Services Amy. [email protected](PJs & CEOs only)
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Upcoming events:
12/13 webinar on Serious Mental Illness with Dr. Loren Roth of UCSF Department of Psychiatry. Dr. Roth
serves as the medical director of San Francisco’s jail behavioral health services