REF542plusMultifunction Protectionand Switchgear Control Unit

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DESCRIPTION

CONFIGURATION

FUNCTIONS

APPLICATION EXAMPLES

TECHNICAL DATA

CONSTRUCTION

CONNECTIONS

INFORMATION

2IndustrialITREF542plus has been tested and certified as IndustrialIT Enabled, Level 1 - connectivity.All product information is supplied in interactive electronic format, compatible withABB Aspect ObjectTM technology.The IndustrialIT commitment from ABB ensures that every enterprise building block is equipped with theintegral tools necessary to install, operate, and maintain efficiently throughout the product lifecycle.REF542plus belongs to the ProtectIT suite.Detailed information on IndustrialIT is available at .

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Introduction 4

The REF542plus Base unit 6

The REF542plus HMI 7

DESCRIPTION

4DESCRIPTION

IntroductionREF542plus integrates in a single unit all thesecondary functions for a medium voltageswitchgear: Protection; Control; Measurement; Monitoring and self-diagnosis; Communication.A medium voltage switchgear equipped withREF542plus becomes a complete, efficient andeffective system for power distribution and mana-gement. The unit can be used indifferently in solidlyearthed, low-resistance, compensated orunearthed networks; with radial, multifeeders orloop topology. The wealth of available protectionfunctions makes the unit suitable for any kind ofapplications.Time-overcurrent either with definite or inversetime, directional time-overcurrent protections areimplemented. Also the distance protection foroverhead lines can be instantiated in theREF542plus.

REF542plus installed in air-insulated switchgear (AIS).

Under voltage and over voltage protections,synchrocheck and frequency protection completethe set of protection functions for bus tie panels,incoming feeders and whenever needed.Time synchronization with an external master clockmakes the fault-recording feature and eventsstamping with accuracy better than 1 ms.Four different communications protocols and anembedded WEB server open the REF542plus toany control system architecture.All these features are complemented withexceptional automation functions capabilities.Automatic transfer switch, motor restarts andreacceleration, load shedding, any kind of userdefined automation sequence can be easilyimplemented inside the unit. The presence of aCAN Open standard interface allows connectivityto the huge market of CAN standard products suchas terminal blocks and intelligent IO modules. Theautomation possibilities become almost unlimited.The following pictures show REF542plusinstallation examples in several switchgear.

Motor protection functions includestarting supervision, number of startscounting, locked rotor, thermalsupervision, under power, reversepower and unbalanced load.ATEX certified versions for explosiveenvironment, according to thedirective 94/9/EC, are available.Large power transformers can beprotected, among others, with thedifferential and the restricted earthfault protections.Power quality features such as powerfactor controller with resonanceprotection are available. Fordemanding applications, aREF542plus based system includinga SUE 3000 unit, grants fast transferswitch between two incoming feedersin less than 30 ms.

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REF542plus installed in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS).

The REF542plus is composed of two parts, a BaseUnit and a Local Detached Human MachineInterface (LD HMI). The two parts are connectedwith a serial cable.The Base Unit contains the power supply, the mainmodule, the analog and binary input and output (I/O) modules. Optional modules can be inserted forsupplementary functions.The HMI is an easy-to-use unit for the switchgearlocal control. The HMI is equipped with its ownpower supply. It can be installed on the low voltagecompartment door or in a dedicated compartmentclose to the Base Unit. The HMI is used to locallyoperate the primary objects in the switchgear, toset the protection parameters, to visualize eventsand measurements.The separation between HMI and Base Unit grantsseveral advantages and an overall increasedflexibility: Blind Base Units (without HMI) are possible; One single HMI for several Base Units; Easier HMI integration in the most convenient

place; Simplified Base Unit integration in the low

voltage cubicle.

REF542plus Base Unit andHMI.

6DESCRIPTION

The following figure shows an installation of the Base Unit and of the HMI inthe low voltage compartment of the switchgear.

Base Unit mounting in thelow voltage compartmentand the HMI on the door.

Base Unit without connectorplate and with extractedboards.

The REF542plus Base UnitThe REF542plus Base unit is based on a real-time, multiprocessor architecture. A Digital SignalProcessor (DSP) executes the protection functions,while a Microcontroller (MC) executes the controlfunctions. Another processor on the optionalcommunication module manages the communica-tion with the station automation system. Thisseparation guarantees higher reliability. A blockdiagram of the REF542plus is shown in the figure.The main module is equipped with the DSP and theMC. The CAN Open interface, the Ethernetinterface for the embedded WEB server, the opticalinput port for time synchronization are located onthe main module as well. The optional communica-tion module takes care of the communication withthe substation automation system.

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The binary inputs and outputsmodules interface the primaryprocess to send commands and toacquire status information.The analog input module acquires thecurrent and voltage signals, both frominstrument transformers or non-inductive sensors.The optional analog 0/4 ... 20 mAoutput module and analog4 ... 20 mA input module allowexchanging information with the4... 20 mA or 0... 20 mA current loop.

REF542plus Base Unit block diagram.

The REF542plus HMIThe HMI features a back-illuminated Liquid CrystalDisplay (LCD), 8 push buttons, several leds and anelectronic key sensor. The language of the displaycan be selected among those available via theOperating Tool.The left half of the LCD provides a graphicalrepresentation of the primary objects controlled bythe REF542plus in the switchgear. The right half ofthe LCD is for plain text visualization such asmeasurements and protection events.The LCD backlight is switched off automaticallyafter 20 minutes of inactivity.The HMI is a complete system for the switchgearlocal management. The HMI allows the operator toset the protection functions, operate the primaryobjects, visualize measurements and events, resetalarms and change the unit working mode.

The HMI includes:Unit Ready. This green led is turned on when theunit is in the operational state. This led is switchedoff when the power supply is not present or whenthe unit is not operational.

1 Network communication2 Alarm3 Interlocking error4 8x4 pages user programmable Leds5 Measurements bars6 PC interface7 Menu navigation

8 Object control:Open - Close - Select

9 Electronic keys sensor10 Text11 SLD view12 Circuit-breaker fast opening13 Unit ready

REF542plus HMI.

Analog Output0/4 ... 20 mA Module

Analog Input4 ... 20 mA Module Communication Module

Analog InputModule

Main Module

Binary InputOutput Module (s)

81DESCRIPTION

PC interface. This is the optical serial interfaceport to connect the REF542plus with a personalcomputer. By using the appropriate cable and theOperating Tool, the following actions are possible: Download a configuration into the unit, Upload the current configuration from the unit, Upload the fault recorder, Upload other information (measurements, binary

inputs status, binary output status).Measurements Bars. 3 freely programmable barshave been provided for a quick inspection of theswitchgear load situation. The three bars aremarked M1, M2, and M3. Each bar is composed oftwelve leds: ten green and two red. The ten greenleds are normally dedicated to display between 0%and 100% of the nominal value of the configuredmeasurement, each led corresponding then to 10%of the nominal value. The two red leds indicates anoverload condition of 20%. The measurementdisplayed by the bar is set with the Operating Tool.M1..M3 reference text can be configured anddisplayed on the display graphical side.Text. This is the textual part of the LCD. It showsthe menu, the measurement values, the events andany information accessible through the menustructure.SLD view. This is the graphical part of the LCD.This part shows the single line diagram of theswitchgear. The status of the primary objects isdynamically updated after every operation: if forexample the circuit breaker has been opened, itsrepresentation will reflect it.CB Fast Opening. When pressed simultaneouslywith the normal open button, this button allowsopening the circuit breaker, independently from theselected control mode. This feature must beenabled in the unit with the Operating Tool.

Moreover, it is also possible to have several,completely user defined command buttons on theHMI. These virtual push buttons are available fromthe dedicated HMI menu. During REF542plusconfiguration, the user defines what commandbuttons are required. Typical examples might be:start of a transfer switch or of any other automationsequence, fault recorder activation, start of a loadshedding sequence, etc.Thanks to the user defined command buttons,REF542plus automation capabilities can cope withany requirements.

Network Communication. This led is meaningfulonly when the REF542plus is equipped with acommunication module and configured to use it.When a communication module is detected insidethe unit, the led turns on to green. If a communica-tion module is not detected or fails, the led turnsfrom green to red. When the unit is not configuredfor the communication, this led is switched off.Alarm. This led turns to red when user definedalarms become true. Several arbitrary alarmconditions can be defined and configured with theoperating tool. Alarm conditions could be the trip ofa protection function, loss of SF6 in the circuitbreaker, etc. When this led is on, it is not possibleto close the circuit breaker or to download a newconfiguration. The alarm condition has to beremoved and the alarm must be acknowledgedfirst.Interlocking Error. This led is usually green. Theled turns temporarily to red when the user attemptsan operation that would violate the programmedinterlocking conditions; for example switching adisconnector with the circuit breaker in closedposition.Electronic Keys Sensor. This is the sensor forrecognizing the electronic keys. Two differentelectronic keys are provided. One key allowschanging the parameters of the protectionfunctions. The other one is used to change thecontrol modes. The sensor automatically detectswhich key has been inserted. The two keys arelabeled Protect and Control, to distinguish them.When required, a general key to access bothmodes can be provided. It is also possible toprogram an 8 characters custom code in the keysto increase the security levels or for any otherspecific reason. This can be done very easily with aprogram available on request.Object Control. These push buttons allowoperating the primary objects.Menu Navigation. These push buttons allownavigating trough the REF542plus menu.8 x 4 pages user programmable leds. 8 freelyprogrammable, three-color leds are available forindications. There are 4 pages of these leds. Theassignment of the led to a specific condition isdone with the Operating Tool.

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Configuration 10

CONFIGURATION

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2CONFIGURATION

REF542plus graphical con-figuration.

The functions includes any kind of logical gatessuch as AND, OR, timers, counters, pulsegenerators, flip-flops etc.All functions in the switchgear are specified incollaboration with ABB.The REF542plus configuration is a file, which isthen downloaded into the unit via the optical serialport on the HMI.

The Operating Tool allows also these additionalfunctions, once connected to the HMI via the serialcable: Protection functions setting Measurement values read-out On line binary inputs and outputs status read-

out Fault recorder data acquisition.The Operating Tool allows on line, real timemonitoring of the internal control signals and logicstates, a powerful tool for applications debugging.

The REF542plus unit is configured for the specificapplication using the Operating Tool running on apersonal computer. With the graphical editor, theneeded functions blocks are combined together.The available protection functions are representedwith specific function blocks, which can becombined with logic functions to define therequired protection and automation scheme.This flexibility is very advantageous for definingcontrol functions and automation sequences,which can, for example, include the interlocking ofthe switching devices, blocking the release ofspecific protection functions, as well as startingswitching sequences.The REF542plus unit provides a wide range oflogical functions so that each specific requirementcan be met.

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Measurements 12

Monitoring and self-diagnosis 12

Protection 13

Control 13

Events and fault recording 14

Time synchronization 16

Interface to the primary process 16

CAN Open 17

Analog Output 4/0 20mA 18

Analog Input 4 20mA 18

Interfacing a Station Automation System 18

Embedded Web Server 19

FUNCTIONS

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FUNCTIONS

REF542plus Multifunction Protection andSwitchbay Control Unit integrates all thesecondary functions into a single unit. Thismultifunction unit also features a self-monitoringfunction.This versatility makes it possible to use theREF542plus on any switchgear independentlyfrom the specific required application.

MeasurementsREF542plus can have a maximum of 8 analogueinput channels for measuring current and voltagesignals. These channels are organized into threegroups: three channels in group 1 and in group 2,two channels in group 3.Group 1 and group 2 have to be homogeneous,which means they can measure 3 currents or 3voltages. For example, measurement of 1 currentand 2 voltages is not allowed. Group 3 can get anytype of signals: 2 currents, 2 voltages, 1 currentand 1 voltage. REF542plus analogue inputs arevery flexible, as this flexibility is needed to supportall the protection functions.Group 1 and group 2 can be used forhomogeneous current or voltage measurementseither from instrument transformers or non-inductive sensors. Group 3 can be used in aheterogeneous way, either with instrumenttransformers or with sensors.One of the most common configurations usesthree current and three voltage inputs and oneearth fault current input. All these values areshown on the HMI display.The following measurements, registered over anextended period of time, are permanently saved innon-volatile memory: Operating hours; Active and real energy; Max and average current for each phase; Max voltage (available only from the

communication module); Average voltage (available only from the

communication module); Sum of interrupted currents; Number of switching cycles; Fault recorder data; HMI Key status.

After a power supply loss, this data is stillavailable.

(1)REF542plus can useboth phase-to-phaseand phase-to-groundvoltage transformers.

(2)When phase-to-groundvoltage transformers areused.

The available measurements depend upon theanalog input configuration. With the maximumconfiguration, the following are obtained.

Directly acquired values Phase currents; Phase-to-ground or phase-to-phase voltages (1); Earth current (it can also be calculated); Residual voltage (it can also be calculated); Frequency.

From the above, the following values can becalculated.

Computed values Phase voltages(2), Average/maximum current value, three-phase

(determined over several minutes); Apparent, active and reactive power; Power factor; Active and reactive energy; THD (Total Harmonic Distortion).

Monitoring and self-diagnosisThe REF542plus offers several features formonitoring the primary part as well for self-diagnosis. The following computed quantities areavailable for primary part monitoring: Maximum and mean currents in the observation

period (0 ... 30 min); Sum of interrupted currents; Working hours; Number of switching cycles (open-close circuit

breaker); Spring charging time supervision (when

applicable); Opening coil supervision.The REF542plus is equipped with self-diagnosisroutines that constantly check the hardware andsoftware modules status; every REF542plusbinary input and output module is equipped with awatchdog contact that triggers in case of fault orpower loss. This contact can be used to detect unitfailure and to initiate the appropriate actions.Analogue input channels can be optionallysupervised. A broken wire in the connection withan instrument transformer or a sensor can bedetected and an alarm can be activated.

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ProtectionThe REF542plus offers a wide range of protectionfunctions to cover all medium voltage applications.These protections can be combined together toimplement the required scheme. When directionalprotections are used, some binary inputs andoutputs can be dedicated to the logic selectivity.The following protections and related functionsare available.

Current Protection Inrush blocking (68) Overcurrent Instantaneous (50) Overcurrent definite time, 2 thresholds (51) Overcurrent directional, 2 thresholds (67) Overcurrent IDMT (51 IDMT) Earth fault, 2 thresholds (51N) Earth fault IDMT (51 IDMT) Earth fault directional, 2 thresholds (67N) Earth fault directional sensitive (67S) Earth fault directional sector (67NS), 10

thresholds.

Voltage protection Over voltage Instantaneous (59) Over voltage definite time, 2 thresholds (59) Under voltage Instantaneous (27) Under voltage definite time, 2 thresholds (27) Residual over voltage, 2 thresholds (59N)

Line Protection Distance (21)

Differential Protection Differential protection for motors and transformer

(87) Restricted earth fault for transformer (87N)

Thermal protection For cables, motors and transformers (49)

Motor specific protection Number of starts counting (66) Locked rotor (51LR) Motor start (51MS) Low load (37) Unbalanced load (46)

Power Quality Mitigation Power factor controller (55) Switching resonance protection THD Protection

Other protections and related functions Frequency protection (81), 6 thresholds per net Synchrocheck (25) Fault recorder Autoreclosure (79) Lock out (86) Reverse power (32).At most 24 protection functions can be instantiatedinside the REF542plus unit.The maximum number is anyway dependent uponthe available processing power.

ControlThe control and automation capabilities inside theREF542plus are extremely powerful. Traditionalwired logic with electromechanical relays isreplaced by software control schemes inside theunit. Simple interlocking against switching errorsas well complex load shedding schemes can beeasily implemented with the control possibilitiesoffered by the REF542plus.It is also possible to implement interlockingbetween switchbays connected to the same busbar system. This requires the availability of statusinformation of the switching devices to and fromother switchgear. The status information must beprovided by: Conventional, hard-wired ring bus system; Using the ABB station automation system

allowing horizontal communication among theREF542plus units connected on the interbaybus;

Using the CAN Open digital fieldbus.

The REF542plus foresees different control modes,selectable with the control key.In local mode, the HMI control buttons are used tooperate on the primary objects. Remoteoperations are inhibited.In remote control mode, only switching actionsfrom a remote control device like a stationautomation system are permitted. Local controlfrom the HMI is inhibited.All the possibilities to operate on the primaryobjects can be inhibited setting the unit to the nocontrol mode.

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FUNCTIONS

The picture below shows an example of a circuit breaker control scheme.

Circuit breaker controlscheme.

Event list on the HMI LCD.

Events and fault recordingThe last thirty recorded events can be shown locally on the HMI display. Mostof events are related to protection activities. The event type and additionalinformation such as involved protection function, time and date, RMS value ofthe interrupted current are registered.The REF542plus unit can transmit the events to the station automation, whenconnected to it. Events are stored in non-volatile memory, so they aremaintained also in case of power loss.

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Fault recorderThe REF542plus unit is equipped with a powerfuland flexible fault recorder function. This functioncan be used to record at most eight analog inputchannels and thirty-two binary signals.The analog input signals are recorded with asampling rate of 1.2 kHz for a time interval of atleast 1 second and for a maximum of 5 seconds.The recording time is a combination of pre- andpost fault time. The total recording capability is of 5seconds: there can then be configured 5 recordsof 1 seconds or a single record of 5 seconds.The recording can be started by a protectionevent, by a binary signal change or by any userdefined condition.

Record of a cross-countryfault.

Fault records can be transferred locally to apersonal computer from the HMI optical port withthe Operating Tool on from the communicationinterface. When extracted with the Operating Toolor from the embedded WEB Interface, the faultrecords are automatically converted into thestandard COMTRADE format. When retrieved fromthe communication interface, they can beconverted with a utility program.Fault records are stored in non-volatile memory, sothey remain available also after a power loss.

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FUNCTIONS

Time synchronizationREF542plus is equipped with an internal real timeclock, which is used to time stamp events. Theinternal clock is buffered by a special supercapacitor. In case of power loss, the storedelectrical energy in the capacitor ensures theinternal clock operation for at least twenty-fourhours. The date and time of the clock can be setvia the HMI Control Unit.REF542plus internal clock can be keptsynchronized to an external clock in differentways.When connected to a station automation system,REF542plus can be kept synchronized viainterbay bus using the facilities of the usedprotocol, if available. Accuracy depends upon theprotocol features and may vary from 3 ms (LONLAG 1.4) to tens of milliseconds (SPABUS).When better accuracy is required, REF542pluscan be synchronized using the dedicated opticalinput port and a master clock, typically a GPS. Theaccepted time formats are IRIG format B000, B002and B003. The picture shows the time distributionarchitecture for the synchronization.When synchronized through IRIG B, REF542plusunit guarantees an accuracy better of 1 ms and aresolution of +/- 500us. Very precise fault analysisis then possible.

Synchronization of the internal clock by a GPS masterclock and IRIG B port.

SubstationMaster clock

Switchboardstarcoupler

SubstationMaster clock

and distributor

GPSsatellite

Satelliteantenna

Interface to the primary processREF542plus unit offers a very flexible interface tothe primary process, to acquire analogmeasurements, to get binary signals and to sendswitching commands.

Analog inputsThe REF542plus unit has available at most eightanalog input channels for voltage and currentmeasurements. The unit can connect bothconventional instrument transformers and non-inductive sensors.Thanks to their linear characteristic, non-inductivesensors provide greater accuracy and reliability insignal measurement. Compared to conventionalinstrument transformers, sensors have someunique qualities directly affecting both themanufacture and the use of the switchgear. Someof these features are: Linearity;

Wide rated range; No accuracy versus burden calculation; Standardized components; No saturation, no ferroresonance; Combined current and voltage sensor together

in the same physical unit.The current sensor is based on the principle of theRogowski coil, which consists of a single air-coredcoil. Due to the lack of an iron core, the saturationeffects of conventional current transformers do notexist anymore. Current sensors are thus wellsuited to be used with the distance and thedifferential protection functions.The current sensor output is a voltage signalproportional to the derivative of the primary currentbeing measured.The numerical integration of the signal isperformed by the DSP inside the REF542plus unit.Four current sensors only with nominal currents80160A, 160-480A, 480-1250A, 1600-3200Acover all the applications.

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The voltage sensor is based on the resistivedivider principle, the measuring signal is directlyproportional to the measured value and it cannotsaturate. The signal is thus linear throughout thewhole measuring range.The output signal is a voltage that is directlyproportional to the primary voltage. The figureshows an example of a combined sensors. Thecurrent and voltage sensors are encapsulated intoa single resin unit, and that is the reason why theyare often referred as combined or combi sensors.Coupling electrode is incorporated in the sensor,for voltage detecting systems (VDS) or for voltagepresence indicating systems (VPIS).

Binary inputs and outputsThe REF542plus unit acquires the primary objectsstatus with auxiliary contacts, which are read bybinary inputs, and sends commands using binaryoutputs.Several signals coming from other componentsare also monitored. Among the others, thefollowing operations are implemented usingbinary inputs and outputs: Primary objects control and interlocking in the

switchgear; Primary objects status acquisition (e.g. circuit

breaker in opened/closed position); Circuit breaker spring supervision (when

applicable).Binary inputs are isolated by opto-couplers.Binary outputs can be implemented either withmechanical relays or with static (semiconductor)devices. In a switchgear with directly drivenmotors, static power outputs are usually required.

CAN OpenThe REF542plus is equipped on the main modulewith a CAN Open standard interface. The CANOpen interface has two main purposes: Replacing the switchgear internal hard-wired

connections by means of a high-speed digitalbus;

CAN Open standard devices connectivity(intelligent IO modules, sensors, ...).

Replacing the switchgear internal hard-wiredconnections by means of a high-speed digital busallows building new highly standardizedswitchgear with a more efficient life cycle. Fastinterlocking data among several REF542plusunits can be exchanged on the CAN Open bus.

Combined sensor in Blocktype (DIN) execution.

In addition, the digital bus moves the intelligencecloser to the process, allowing the construction ofswitchgear systems with increased configurationand maintenance flexibility.The CAN Open interface allows connecting anyoff-the-shelf product compliant with the CAN Openstandard, thus making the automation capabilitiesof the REF542plus almost unlimited.The picture below describes an architecturewhere two REF542plus units and some IOmodules are connected with the CAN Open.

REF542plus CAN Openconnectivity.

Panel A Panel B

REF542plus

REF542plusconfiguration tool

Intra-panelwiring

Circuit-breaker

FIELDBUS I/Omodules

Networkmanagement tool

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FUNCTIONS

Analog Output 4/0 20 mA moduleAn optional analog output module with fourconfigurable channels can be placed in the BaseUnit. The output signal of this module can be set inthe range from 0 to 20 mA or 4 to 20 mA. Each ofthe four channels can be independentlyconfigured. The following quantities are selectableto be transmitted: Voltage measurements, both directly acquired

and calculated; Current measurements, both directly acquired

and calculated; Apparent, active and reactive power; Cos phi; Frequency.

Analog Input 4 20 mA moduleAn optional analog input module with six channelscan be placed in the Base Unit (wide housingonly). These input channels work accordingly tothe 4 ... 20 mA current loop. Different type ofsensors (temperature, gas density, etc.) can beconnected to these channels.The sensor signal is acquired on the 4..20mAchannel. Inside the REF542plus the sensor signalis treated in a binary way. When the sensor signalis above the set threshold, its corresponding logicsignal becomes active.The analog input module is placed in the sameslot of the analog output module; analog inputmodule and analog output module are thenmutually exclusive (*).

Interfacing a Station Automation SystemAn optional communication module can beprovided for interfacing a station automationsystem. The four different protocols available forthe REF542plus make possible to interface anykind of station automation system, both from ABBor from third parties.

The following typical functions are then possible: Primary objects status monitoring; Primary objects control; Protections parameterization; Measurements, alarms end events acquisition; Fault recorder data acquisition.

These are the available protocols: SPA-bus; LON-bus according to ABB Lon Application

Guide (LAG) 1.4 definitions; Modbus RTU; IEC 60870-5-103 with the extensions for control

functions according to VDEW (VereinigungDeutscher Elektrizittswerke = association ofGerman utilities).

The first two protocols, SPA-bus and LONaccording to LAG 1.4, are ABB specific, whileModbus RTU and IEC 60870-5-103 guaranteeopen connectivity to any third party system.The picture below shows a few REF542plus unitsconnected with LON to an ABB system.The LON LAG 1.4 protocol has specific featuresfor high accuracy time synchronization; in thiscase the REF542plus units are synchronized fromthe interbay bus.Moreover, the presence of the Ethernet port on theREF542plus extends the potential futureconnectivity of the REF542plus unit.

Both Modbus RTU and Spabus protocols can runon a module equipped with two serial channels.The simultaneous use of the two serial channelsas physical redundancy is not possible. Theconnection to two different SCADA system ispossible (for the Spabus, provided that one of thetwo SCADA is for monitoring purposes only).

RE542plus units connected to an ABBstation automation system. Time synchro-nization is done over the interbay bus.REF542plus REF542plus REF542plus

1,25MB/s LON LAG 1.4(optical interface)

MicroScadastation control

GPS Clock

RER111 Starcoupler

(*) Only passive sensorscan be connected to theanalog input 4 ... 20 mAmodule. The module itselfsupplies the sensor.

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WEBREFLast update 0 seconds

Monitor Protection Service Configuration Help

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Single Line Diagram

Motor

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Control Network Communication Alarm Interlocking error

Local and remote / Operational 2002/12/13 14:42:30 English Deutsch

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WEB SwitcboardMotor Feeder 1

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WEBREF

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Next

Embedded WEB ServerREF542plus can be equipped with an embeddedWEB server for monitoring purposes (WEB REF).The Ethernet port on the main module providesconnectivity to the WEB.By using a standard PC with a commercial WEBbrowser, the user can gain access to thesubstation units using the WEB facilities.Monitoring the substation units is then possiblefrom everywhere; the implemented securitymechanism prevents unwanted accesses andguarantees the required safety.As soon as the browser is connected to theREF542plus unit, the switchgear overview isdisplayed. From here, the user can scroll throughthe single line diagram.Clicking on the address button, the specificREF542plus unit single line diagram is loaded,with also all the information that would benormally available standing in front of the HMI.REF542plus data are available in read mode only(monitoring access).WEB REF makes also available the possibility tosend SMS messages via the GSM network uponspecific, user defined condition (trips, alarms, etc.).A suitable GSM modem must be connected to themainboard module.

Switchgear equipped withREF542plus: single linediagram as seen from theInternet browser.

REF542plus main page asseen from the Internetbrowser.

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Automatic transfer switchover 22

High speed transfer system (HSTS) 23Motor management 24

Power transformer management 25

Distribution networks management 25

Overhead and cable lines 26

Power quality 27

APPLICATION EXAMPLES

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APPLICATION EXAMPLES

This section illustrates a few typical REF542plusapplications; where its flexibility is of utmostadvantage both in terms of safety of operationsand cost effectiveness.In all the following applications, the REF542plus isthe only unit installed in the switchgear. Noadditional relays or devices are needed.It is worth noting that in all the different applica-tions, the REF542plus hardware is always thesame, customized to the specific needs by meansof software configuration only. The softwarecustomization guarantees several importantbenefits to the user: Maximum flexibility also after switchgear

commissioning, changes and extensions aredone via software. No new wirings are needed.

One kind only of spare parts instead of severaldifferent relay types for incoming feeders, motorfeeders etc. Spare parts costs are kept at thereal minimum.

One human machine interface only to learn.

Automatic transfer switchoverThe REF542plus unit can be used in mediumvoltage switchgear for managing the automaticand manual switching between two differentincoming lines.

Automatic transfer withREF542plus.

Automatic switching is required in installationswhere the power supply must always be guaran-teed to meet process continuity requirements.REF542plus carries out the automatic transferswitchover in about 500 milliseconds (circuit-breaker operating time included); the exact timevalue depends upon the software complexity ofthe required commutation logic.Switchgear equipped with suitably programmedREF542plus units constitute a complete, efficientsystem able of controlling the switching betweenone power supply system and another alternativeone, or reconfiguring the network by switchingfrom dual radial distribution to a single system in afully automatic way.User personnel can also carry out the sameswitching manually from a station automationsystem or standing in front of the switchgear.Manual switching involves performing the parallelpassing: the power supply lines are closedsimultaneously using the synchro-check functionwhen the two voltage vectors are synchronous,and then subsequently returning to the discon-nected state when the switching has been com-pleted.These applications do not require any instrumen-tation in addition to the REF542plus.

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VS/FDI VS/FDI

SUE 3000 HMI high speed transfer controller with three breakers configuration.

The picture shows the system single line diagram for a two breakers configuration.

High speed transfer systemwith two breakers configu-ration architecture.

High speed transfer system (HSTS)The classic automatic transfer switch described inthe former paragraph is not always enough. Inreally demanding applications with very sensitiveloads, such as paper mills, power plants, anyvoltage drop is catastrophic. In these situations,the transfer has to be the fastest.The automated load transfer to an emergencyfeeder in less than two cycles enables to avoidexpensive downtime, and enhances the protectedbus bar supply quality, providing at the same timefull short circuit protection.Using fast circuit breakers such as VM1 T vacuummagnetic actuated type, when the two feeders aresynchronous and all the other conditions are met,the REF542plus based high speed transfersystem guarantees a switch over time of 30ms.The system is composed of: the SUE 3000 controller the REF542plus units the VM1 T circuit breakers.

REF542plus feeder terminalsFeeder 1 Feeder 2

SUE3000

Busbar

Fast VM1Fast VM1

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APPLICATION EXAMPLES

Feeder 1 is normally closed and feeds the bus bar.Feeder 2 is the stand by alternative feeder.The two REF542plus units on Feeder 1 andFeeder 2 take care of the usual control andprotection functions. In addition, they have activethe voltage supervision VS/FDI (Voltage SensingFast Detection Indicator) function block to immedi-ately detect and signal any power loss/drop. TheVS/FDI allows alerting the SUE 3000 controller inless than 3ms.When the REF542plus feeder terminal 1 detects apower loss, it communicates it to the SUE 3000that gives simultaneously the opening commandto Feeder 1 and the closing command to Feeder 2.The SUE 3000 continuously monitors the twofeeder voltages to verify that the proper conditionsfor the high speed transfer are met. The SUE 3000compares, on a permanent basis, the phase angleand the frequency difference between the voltageof the bus bar and of the stand-by feeder.Also the voltage amplitude of the stand by feederis verified, to be above a certain threshold.This continuous monitoring ensures that theminimum short transfer time is achieved, thetransient effects of which represent no danger tothe connected loads.

REF542plus motor mana-gement diagram.

Motor managementThe REF542plus unit is suitable for controllingand protecting medium voltage motors of any size.The motor can be actuated using both circuitbreakers and contactors with mechanical orelectric hold operating mechanisms. Whenconfigured accordingly, the REF542plus is able tomanage motor shutdown, acceleration andrestarting.Following a failure or transient voltage drop in thepower supply, the REF542plus is able to super-vise the motor disconnection and if required tosend the command for re-insertion, in completeautonomy. Here below there is a typical exampleof motor management sequence.The installed motor control configuration inter-venes when the power supply voltage falls belowthe set value that causes opening. TheREF542plus unit starts then timing the powersupply failure duration.When the power supply is restored, theREF542plus unit decides what action to take: if the power supply failure time is less than the

set acceleration time, it will close the actuatorimmediately, thus accelerating the motor;

if the power loss time is greater than the accel-eration time but less than the restarting time, itwill start timing a different delay motors bymotors to switch them back in again in apredefined order;

if both time periods have been exceeded, theREF542plus unit will reset the procedure,awaiting an external command.

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Relay

Relay

Relay

Opens

Ring network

The sequence for the circuit-breakers beingswitched, the voltage thresholds, time delays andrestarting enabling functions are configured in theREF542plus unit.

Power transformer managementThe protection of power transformers is the resultof a compromise between technical and economi-cal considerations. Also usual practices of theelectrical system designer have a relevant impor-tance in the choice of the protection functionsscheme to be used.REF542plus offers a wide set of protectionssuitable for small, medium and large powertransformers, to meet all the requirements.For small and medium sized transformers, usuallyover current and thermal protections are judgedsufficient. The REF542plus unit via its digital inputsmanages also other binary signals like theBuccholz realy.

Differential protection and restricted earth faultImportant transformers, with power of a few MegaWatts, or of particular relevance for the powerdistribution network, are often protected also bythe differential protection against phase-to-phasefaults.The restricted earth fault protection can be usedwhen the neutral of the downstream system isconnected to ground at the power transformer.

Distribution networks managementThe REF542plus unit, when used in distributionnetworks, provides the highest degree of selectiv-ity for tripping in the event of faults, quickly isolat-ing the fault equipment and leaving undisturbedthe supply for the unaffected loads. Both ring andradial networks are controlled and protected byREF542plus units with the same effectiveness.The REF542plus offers a wide choice of direc-tional protections. Two directional overcurrentphase protection thresholds, two directional earthfault protection thresholds, one directional sensi-tive earth fault protection and ten threshold of thesector directional earth fault protection.Using these directional protection functions andsuitable logic, the REF542plus identifies andlocates faults (line bus bar or loads), isolates themby opening the smallest possible number of circuitbreakers, to limit the supply switch off at theminimum.Logic selectivity between two REF524plus unitscan be achieved by means of wire connection; themaximum distance between the two neighboringunits is about 1200 meters.

Radial networkB Circuit-breaker67 Protection functionC ForwardD Backward

26

APPLICATION EXAMPLES

Overhead and cable linesMedium voltage overhead lines for power distribu-tion are considerably shorter than overhead highvoltage lines for power transmission. Neverthe-less, medium voltage lines are subjected to thesame kind of faults: both transient like tree armsfallings and permanent like conductor breakdown.Fault detection and elimination is in some caseproblematic, especially in complex meshednetworks.The REF542plus distance protection is verysuitable to be used for medium voltage distributionlines protection in networks with meshed topology.The REF542plus distance protection can beindifferently used in pure cable networks, pureoverhead line networks and mixed installations(cable-overhead line or overhead line-cable). Theneutral can be insulated, directly grounded orgrounded with impedance.The distance protection is used for short circuitsselective interruption using the fault impedance asthe main discriminating quantity. The impedancebetween the point where the protection device isinstalled and the point where the fault has oc-curred is measured on the outgoing line. If theimpedance value is lower than the set value, a tripis issued and the line is interrupted.

The fault location is indirectly identified using theimpedance per unit of length of the line. In thiscase, the line impedance Z (with a homogeneousline) is proportional to the fault distance.The distance protection comprises a starting logic,an impedance measuring logic and a directionidentification logic. Starting logic: it detects the fault condition. Impedance measuring logic: it determines the

distance of the zone in which the fault hasoccurred.

Direction identification logic: it verifies whetherthe fault is located in the same direction as theline being protected.

The REF542plus distance protection offers 5different zones, 2 of them for predefined use(overreach and directional back up). There is alsoa non-directional tripping zone, independent fromthe impedance, for back up.The extremely flexible auto reclosing functioncomplements the REF542plus distance protection.For example, in case of mixed cable-overheadlines sections, it is possible to block the autoreclosing function for cable faults using the auto-reclosing stop zone.

The pictures show an example of zones configura-tion and I-Z plane diagram.

Zones configuration andI-Z plane diagram.

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4

The resonance protection (ABB patented) in theREF542plus unit prevents these dangerousresonance conditions. Sensing the increase in theharmonic content, the resonance protectionswitches off the inserted bank, de-tuning the powersystem. Depending on the setting, the power factorcontroller can then undertake other remedialactions to follow the set target power factor.The following figure shows the voltage totalharmonic distortion (THD) increase when switch-ing on a capacitor bank. The THD remains abovethe set trip threshold level after the typical hundredof milliseconds of the transient. The resonanceprotection then clears the dangerous conditionswitching off the capacitor bank.

THD protectionHarmonics have significant unwanted impact onpower distribution systems and the loads they feed.Typical negative effects are overheating, currentdemand increases, over voltages. Negativesequence harmonics reduce forward torque inmotors, while increasing the current.REF542plus THD (Total Harmonic Distortion)protection prevents these negative effects. Theprotection issues the trip when the harmoniccontent is higher than the set threshold. Thecontent is analyzed up to 1500Hz, which results inthe 25th harmonic for 60Hz system and the 30th for50Hz one.

Resonance conditioncaused by switching ona capacitor bank.

Power qualityThe REF542plus is equipped with functions bothto monitor and to increase the power quality.Industrial loads are becoming more and moresensitive to power quality parameters like har-monic contents; while utilities billing policy penal-ize poor power factor.

Integrated power factor controller with reso-nance protectionThe REF542plus unit offers a power factor control-ler able to switch up to four capacitor banks. Thisfunction allows integrating the reactive powercompensation in the medium voltage switchgear,without the need of additional components. Ratedpower up to tens of Mvar can be switched on andoff to follow the set target power factor for any loadconditions.A problem that might occur when power factorcorrection capacitors are switched on is harmonicresonance.The power system becomes tuned to a specificfrequency due the combination of the loadsinductance and the added capacitance. The powersystem is then resonating at this frequency.Harmonic resonance results in severe voltage andcurrent distortions, with increased losses andequipment overheating.

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29

5

Base Unit versions 30

External dimensions 30

Mounting and installation 31

CONSTRUCTION

30

CONSTRUCTION

Base Unit versionsThe REF542plus Base Unit housing is made fromaluminum sheets. Its exterior is chromatized bothto protect the housing against corrosion and toimprove immunity against EMC disturbances. Twodifferent housings are available: Standard, Wide.In both versions, at least the following moduleshave to be present: the power supply, the mainboard, the analog

input module, one binary input and outputmodule.

The standard housing can additionaly house: another binary input and output module, alternatively the communication module or the

4/0 ... 20 mA analog output module.

External dimensions

Backplane differs from 4/0 ... 20 mA analog outputmodule and communication module. Thebackplane type has to be specified.The wide housing can additionaly house: other 2 binary input and output modules, the communication module, alternatevly the 4/0 ... 20 mA analog output

module or the 4 ... 20 mA analog input module.Note: the 4 ... 20 mA analog input module can beused with the wide housing only.

Standard housing summary One power supply; One mainboard module; One analog input module; At most two binary input and output modules; Optionally the communication module or the

4/0 ... 20 mA analog output one.

Standard housing version dimensions. Wide housing version dimensions.

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5

Wide housing summary One power supply; One mainboard module; One analog input module; At most three binary input and

output modules; Optionally the communication

module; Optionally the 4 ... 20 mA analog

input module or the 4/0 ... 20 mAanalog output module.

Mounting and installationThe picture shows an example ofwide housing Base Unit installationinside the low voltage compartment.Thanks to the slider shown on theleft, the time required to dismount theBase Unit or to replace a module isextremely short. Four bolts keep theunit in place (*).

HMI dimensions.

Base Unit installation

HMIThe HMI dimensions are shown in the following picture.

(*) Slider is not included inthe scope of the supply.

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33

6

Analog inputs and measurements 34

Protection functions technical data 37

Configuration restriction 42

Binary inputs and outputs 43

Interfaces 44

Power supply 45

Environmental conditions 45

Protection degree 45

Type test 45

TECHNICAL DATA

34

TECHNICAL DATA

Analog inputs

MeasurementsThe REF542plus unit uses the same analog inputs both for measurements andprotections. The measurement classes are according to the following table.

Quantity Accuracy RangePhase current, earth current 0.5% 0.1-4InLine voltage, phase voltage 0.5% 0.2-1.5VnActive, reactive, apparent power 1% -Active, reactive energy 2% -Cos 1% 01Frequency 0.02% -

To achieve highest accuracy the instrument transformers or the sensors must have 0.5%accuracy or better in the same range.

Rated current In 0.2 A or 1 A or 5 ARated voltage Un 100 V ... 125 VRated frequency fn 50 Hz / 60 Hz

Current and voltage transformer input values

Current path 250 In (peak value), dynamic 100 In for 1s, 5 In continuousVoltage path 2 Un /3 continuous

Thermal load capacity

Current path < 0.1 VA with InVoltage path < 0.25 VA with Un

Consumption

ProtectionClass 3.

Current and voltage sensor input values

Voltage at rated current In 150 mV (rms)/50 Hz/60HzVoltage at rated voltage Un 2V (rms)Rated frequency fn 50 Hz/60 Hz

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Analog input modulesSeveral different types of analog input modules are available, to cope with the differentprotection functions.The modules are equipped with the following combinations of input current and/or voltagetransformers: 3 or 6 current transformers for phase currents; 3 or 6 voltage transformers for phase-to-ground or phase-to-phase voltages; 1 or 2 current transformers for residual currents; 1 or 2 voltage transformers for residual voltages.There are also versions for sensor inputs and mixed ones, to connect both conventionalinstrument transformers and sensors.At most, eight input channels are available.If programmed, input channels can be supervised.The following analog input types are available: (S means sensor input, CT means CurrentTransformer input, VT means Voltage Transformer input).Other combinations are available upon specific request.

Code Description1VCF 750170R0804 3 CT+3 VT+1 CT 0.2A+1 VT1VCF 750170R0806 3 VT+3 VT+1 CT 0.2A+1 CT 0.2A1VCF 750170R0807 3 CT+3 CT1VCF 750170R0809 3 CT+3 CT+1 CT 0.2A+1 VT1VCF 750170R0812 3 VT+3 VT+1 VT1VCF 750170R0817 3 CT+3 VT+1 CT1VCF 750170R0819 3 CT+3 VT+1 CT+1 VT1VCF 750170R0821 3 CT+ +1 CT1VCF 750170R0822 3 CT+ +1 CT 0.2A1VCF 750170R0824 3 CT+3VT+1CT+1CT1VCF 750170R0825 3 CT+3 VT+1 CT 0.2A+1 CT 0.2A1VCF 750170R0826 3 CT+3 VT+1 VT +1 VT1VCF 750170R0827 3 CT+3 CT+1 CT +1 CT1VCF 750170R0828 3 CT+3 CT+1 CT +1 VT1VCF 750138R0803 3 S+3 S+1 S+1 S1VCF 750170R0843 3 S+3 S+1 CT 0.2A+1 VT1VCF 750170R0846 3 S+3 VT+1 CT 0.2A+1 VT1VCF 750170R0847 3 S+3 S+1 CT1VCF 750170R0851 3 S+3 S+1 CT+1 VT1VCF 750170R0852 3 S+3 S+1CT 0.2A1VCF 750170R0853 3 S+3 S+1 VT+1 VT1VCF 750170R0854 3 S+3 CT+1 CT 0.2A+1 VT1VCF 750170R0855 3 S+3 CT+1 CT 0.2A+1 CT 0.2A

36

TECHNICAL DATA

Reaction timeIn this context the protection reaction time isdefined as the time elapsed between the faultdetection and the closing of the contact that givessupply to the circuit breaker tripping coil (or theequivalent tripping mechanism for magnetic driveor contactors). This time is the sum of differentintervals:1 Fault detection time;2 User defined pre set delay (for definite time

protection functions);3 Trip information processing;4 Relay output contact actuation.The REF542plus is a protection and control unitand the programmed automation logic is executedcyclically in a PLCstyle mode. The cycle time, inthe range of ten millisecond, is depending uponthe logic complexity.The REF542plus has an internal fixedcompensation both for the relay output contactactuation time and for the logic execution time.Nevertheless, the actual trip informationprocessing time depends upon the complexity ofthe actual logic programmed inside the unit.

As a result, the protection reaction time, in theworst case, can be the user-defined pre set delayplus twice the cycle time.

Direct channelIn really demanding applications, the protectionhas to react as fast as possible and the systembehavior has to be absolutely deterministic. TheREF542plus offers then to the protection systemdesigner the direct channel option.Using this option, the programmed logic executionflow inside the unit is skipped and the tripcommand is instantly delivered to the switchingobject representing the circuit breaker. All theinterlocking conditions are nevertheless respectedand assured. Should the circuit breaker beblocked for any reason, e.g. insufficient SF6pressure, the trip command is not actuated. Thedirect channel option grants then an absolutelydeterministic behavior to the REF542plusprotection functions.

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Protection functions technical dataThe table below illustrates the protection functions technical data.

(1)The use of the currentbalance transformer(accuracy class 1) isrecommended to applythe lowest setting (0,05In).

ANSI Code Protection Function and parametersCurrent protection functions68 Inrush stabilization (only in connection with 50 and 51)

N = 2.0 8.0M = 3.0 4.0Time = 200 100.000 ms

68 Inrush HarmonicMin current threshold = 0.05 ... 40.00 InHarmonic ratio threshold = 5.00 ... 50.00%Fault current threshold = 0.05 ... 40.00 In

50 Overcurrent instantaneousI>>> = 0.10 ... 40.00 Int = 15 ... 30.000 ms

51 Overcurrent highI>> = 0.05 ... 40.00 Int = 20 ... 300.000 ms

51 Overcurrent lowI > = 0.05 ... 40.00 Int = 20 ... 300.000 ms

51 IDMT Overcurrent IDMT (inverse definite minimum time)Normal-, Very-, Extremely- or Longtime- inverse time characteristicIe = 0.05 ... 40.00 InK = 0.05 ... 1.5

67 Overcurrent directional highI>> = 0.05 ... 40.00 Int = 40 ... 30 000 msDirection = backward, forward

67 Overcurrent directional lowIE> = 0.05 ... 40.00 Int = 40 ... 30 000 msDirection = backward, forward

Earth Fault (1)51N Earth fault high

IE>> = 0.05 ... 40.00 Int = 40 ... 30 000 ms

51N Earth fault lowIE> = 0.05 ... 40.00 Int = 40 ... 30 000 ms

51N IDMT Earth fault IDMT (inverse definite minimum time)Curve type= normal, very, extremely or long time inverse time characteristicIe = 0.05 ... 40.00 InK = 0.05 ... 1.5

38

TECHNICAL DATA

67N Earth fault directional highIE>> = 0.05 ... 40.00t = 40 ... 30.000 msVo = 0,02 ... 0,7 Undirection=forward, backwardnet type=isolated (sin ), earthed (cos)

67N Earth fault directional lowIE> = 0.05 ... 40.00 Int = 40 ... 300.000 msVo = 0,02 ... 0,7 Vndirection=forward, backwardnet type=isolated (sin ), earthed (cos)

67S Earth fault directional sensitiveI0 = 0.05 ... 2.00 Int = 100 ... 10.00 msAngle = 0 ... 20Angle = -180 ... 180Vo = 0.05 ...0.70 Un

67N Sector Earth Fault directional Sector (10 thresholds available)Direction = Enable (directional behavior)Disable (non directional behavior)Start Criteria = neutral current magnitude/ neutral current basic angleIo = 0,0028,0 InVo = 0,0040,7 UnT = 3060,000 msSector Basic Angle = -180 180Sector Width = 0.0 360.0Io drop off delay = 01.000 msVo drop off delay = 01.000 ms

Voltage protection functions59 Overvoltage instantaneous

U>>> = 0.10 ... 3.00 Unt = 15 ... 300.000 ms

59 Overvoltage highU>> = 0.10 ... 3.00 Unt = 40 ... 30.000 ms

59 Overvoltage lowU> = 0.10 ... 3.00 Unt = 40 ... 30.000 ms

27 Undervoltage instantaneousU

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(2)The motor temperatureassumed by the numberof starts protection isthe one computed bythe thermal overloadprotection (49). If thethermal overload pro-tection is not used, thenumber of starts protec-tion always assumes acold start.

25 Synchronism checkDelta Voltage ( U) = 0.02 ... 0.40 UnTime = 0.2 ... 1.000,00 sDelta Phase ( ) = 5 ... 50

59N Residual overvoltage highUNE>> = 0.05 ... 3.00 Unt = 20 ... 300.000 ms

59N Residual overvoltage lowUNE> = 0.05 ... 3.00 Unt = 20 ... 300.000 ms

Motor protection functions49 Thermal overload protection with total memory

Nominal Temperature = 50 ... 400 C (nominal temperature at I nom)Nominal current (IMn) = 0.1 ... 5.0 In (primary value of the nominal motor current)Initial Temperature = 10 ... 400 CTime Constant at I < 0.1 IMn = 10 ... 100.000 sTime Constant at 0.1 IMn < I < 2 IMn = 10 ... 20.000 sTime Constant at I > 2 IMn = 10 ... 20.000 sTrip Temperature = 50 ... 400 CWarning Temperature = 50 ... 400 CEnvironmental Temperature = 10 ... 50 CReset Temperature = 10 400 C

51MS Motor start (adiabatic characteristic)IMn = 0.2 ... 2 IMn (motor current) (2)Is = 1.00 ... 20.00 IMn (start value)t = 40 ... 30.000 msI> = 0.2 ... 0.8 Is (motor start)

51LR Locked rotor (definite time characteristic)IMn = 0.2 ... 2.0 In (motor current)Is = 1.00 ... 20.00 IMn (start value)t = 40 ... 30.000 ms

66 Number of startsn (warm) = 1 ...10 (number of warm starts)n (cold) = 1 ...10 (number of cold starts)t = 1.00 .. 7200.00 sT (warm) = 20 ... 200 C (warm start temp. thereshold)

46 Unbalance loadIs = 0.05 ... 0.3 In (start value of the negative phase sequence)K = 2.0 ... 30.0t Reset = 0 ... 2000 sTimer decreasing rate = 0 100%

37 Low loadPn = 50 ... 1000 000 kW (primary values)Minimal load P = 5 ... 100% PnMinimal current I = 2 ... 20 % InOp. time = 1 ... 1000 s

40

TECHNICAL DATA

Differential protection functions87 Differential

Transformer group = 0 ... 11Transformer earthing = primary and or secondary sideNom. current In on the primary side of the transformer = 10.0 ... 100.000 A (prim value)Nom. current In on the secondary side of the transformer = 10.0 ... 100.000 A (prim value)Threshold current = 0.10 ... 0.50 InUnbiased region limit = 0.50 5.00 InSlightly biased region threshold = 0.20 ... 2.00 InSlightly biased region limit = 1.00 ... 10.0 InSlope = 0.40 ... 1.00Trip by Id> = 5.00 ... 40.0 InBlocking by 2nd harmonic = 0.10 0.30 InBlocking by 5th harmonic = 0.10 0.30 In

87 N Restricted earth Fault (Restricted differential)Reference nominal current = 1.00 ... 100000.00 AUnbiased region threshold = 0.05 ... 0.50 InUnbiased region limit = 0.01 ... 1.00 InSlightly biased region slope = 0.01 ... 2.00Slightly biased region limit = 0.01 ... 2.00 InHeavily biased region slope = 0.10 ... 1.00Relay Operate Angle = 60 ... 180Time = 0.04 ... 100.00 s

Frequency protection function81 Frequency protection

Start value = 40 ... 75 Hz step 0.01Frequency gradient = 0.01 1 Hz/s step 0.01Time = 0.1 ... 30.0 sUndervoltage threshold = 0.1 ... 1 UnTrip logic = freq. only / freq. and gradient / freq. or gradient

Frequency supervisionFrequency supervisionStart value = 0.04 ... 5 HzTime = 1 ... 300 s

Distance protection function21 Distance protection

Net type = high/low ohmicearth start IE> used or unusedswitching onto faults = normal, overreach zone, trip after startSignal comparison overreach scheme time set = 30 . 300.000 msU / I- Start characteristic:I>, IE> and IF> = 0.05 ... 4.00 InUF< = 0.05 ... 0.9 UnPhase selection = cyclic/acyclic

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Earth factor:k = 0.00 ... 10.00, (k) = -60 ... 603 Impedance, 1 overreach stage and 1 autoreclose control stage:R = 0.05 ... 120 (secondary values)X = 0.05 ... 120 (secondary values)t = 20 ... 10.000 ms1 directional stageDirection 0 ... 90 or -45 ... 135t = 20 ... 10.000 ms1 non directional staget = 20 ... 10.000 ms

Power Quality functionsPower factor controllerSwitching sequence: linear, circularSwitching histeresis: neutral zone 105 ... 200 % of QcoPick up value: 0 ... 100 % of QcoReactive power of smallest bank Qco: 1.000 ... 20.000 kVarConfiguration banks: 1:1:1:1, 1:1:2:2, 1:2:2:2, 1:2:4:4, 1:2:4:8Number of banks: 1 ... 4Max switching cycles: 1 ... 10.000Set point cos phi: 0.7 ... 1.000Limiting value cos phi: 0.0 ... 1.00Method of operation: direct integratingdicharge blocking time: 1 ... 7200 sdead time: 1 ... 120 spower on delay: 1 ... 7200 sduration of integration: 1 ... 7200 sHigh harmonic protectionVoltage THD Startvalue = 5 ... 50%Voltage THD Time Delay = 0.01 ... 360.00 sTime = 0.05 ... 360.00 sRms Voltage Startvalue = 0.10 ... 1.00 UnSwitching resonance protectionVoltage THD Start value = 5 ... 50%Delta Voltage THD Start Value = 1 ... 50 %Voltage THD Time Delay = 0.01 ... 60 sTime = 0.05 ... 60 sPFC OP Time = 0.01 ... 120 sRms Voltage Start value = 0.1 ... 1.0 Un

42

Other functionsFault recorder Recording time = 1000 ... 5000 ms

Pre fault time: = 100 ... 2000 msPost fault time = 100 ... 4900 msMax. 5 records

79 AutorecloserNumber of shots = 5Reclam Time = 10 ... 1000 sSpecfic time first shot = 0.04 ... 30 sDead time first shot = 0.10 ...100sSpecific tme second shot = 0.04 ... 30 sDead time second shot = 0.10 ... 100 sSpecific time third shot = 0.04 ... 30 sDead time third shot = 0.10 ... 100 sSpecfic time fourth shot = 0.04 ... 30 sDead time fourth shot = 0.10 ... 100 sSpecific tme fifth shot = 0,04 ... 30 sDead time fifth shot = 0.10 ... 100 s

32 Directional powerDirection = forward, backwardNominal real power Pn = 1 ... 1000 000 kW (primary values)Max. reverse load P> = 1 ... 50 % PnOp. time = 1.0 ... 1000 s

Configuration restrictionThere are some limitations that must be respectedduring the REF542plus configuration.At most 24 protection functions can be configuredinside the unit.A protection function can activate only one singledirect channel.The number of direct channel is limited to 24.The configuration cycle time must be below 30ms,to guarantee the proper unit working.At most 1000 wires can be drawn, and theconnections are limited to 512.Only one store object can be configured. (Thestore object allows storing binary data between apower fail and the next start up, see theprogramming manual for more details).At most 62 switching objects can be configured (aswitching object is used to represent a primaryobject like a circuit breaker, a contactor etc.)

At most 15 energy counters can be configured.At most 10 analog threshold objects per analoginput can be configured (analog threshold objectsallow to undertake some actions depending uponthe level of voltage and current, see theprogramming manual for more details).

LCD and HMIAt most ten icons can be displayed on the LCD.At most eight switching devices icons can bedisplayed on the LCD.When binary I/O modules with mechanical relaysare used, a maximum of seven switching devicescan be controlled.At most, 40 lines can be drawn.At most 32 signaling leds organized in 4 pagescan be configured.At most 48 Analog Warning Objects can beinstalled.

TECHNICAL DATA

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6

The table below shows the main features.

14 input channels Possible auxiliary voltage ranges:20 to 90 V DC (threshold 14 V DC)80 to 250 V DC (threshold 50 V DC)Hardware fixed filter time 1 ms. Additional filter time can be configured in software.

6 power outputs . Maximum operating voltage 250 V AC/DC(channels BO 1 to 6) Make current 20 A

Load current 12 ABreaking capacity 30 W with L/R

44

TECHNICAL DATA

BIO module with static outputsThe technical data for the binary input and output module with static outputs are listed below.This module is full range and covers the complete voltage range from 48 up to 265VDC.

14 inputs (BI 1-14) Auxiliary voltage range: 48 to 265 VDC (Threshold 35 VDC)Hardware fixed filter time 1 ms. Additional filter time can be configured insoftware.

3 power outputs Operating voltage 48 to 265 VDC(BO1,2 and 7) Make current 70 A for t 10 ms

Load current 12 A for t 30 sOperating time 1 ms

4 power outputs Operating voltage 48 to 265 V DC(BO3 to 6) Make current 16 A for t 10 ms

Load current 10 A for t 30 sOperating time 1 ms

2 signal outputs (BO8,9) Operating voltage 48 to 265 V DCand 1 watchdog output (WD) Make current 0.3 A

Operating time 1 ms2 coil supervision circuits Coil OK when impedance below 10 Kohmon BO1 and BO2 channels

Communication to a station automation system(optional)SPABUS, optical plastic fiber interface with snap-in type connector; or glass fiber (multi mode) withF-SMA or ST connectors.

LON (according to ABB LAG1.4), glass fiber (multimode) optical interface with ST connectors.

IEC 60870-5-103 with extension according toVDEW guidelines for controlling, glass fiber (multimode) optical interface with ST connectors.

MODBUS RTU/SPA-Bus electrical interface withtwo galvanically insulated SPA-Bus RS 485 portsor optical interface with four standard STconnectors for glass fiber (multi mode).

Ethernet InterfaceStandard RJ45 connector on the main module.

CAN Open (optional)Open style connector compliant with CAN Openstandard and ISO11898.

Interfaces

HMI Serial optical/electrical RS 232 interface to a PC

(at the front). Galvanically insulated RS 485 standard

interface to the Base Unit (at the rear). Power supply.

Base Unit Galvanically insulated RS 485 standard

interface to the HMI. RS 232 standard service interface. Power supply.

0/4 ... 20 mA Analog output module (optional) Four output channels 0 to 20 mA or 4 to 20 mA,

freely configurable.

4 ... 20 mA Analog input module (optional) Six input channels 4...20 mA.

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Type testDetailed information on type tests are listed in thedocument: REF542plus. Type test certificate,1VTA400250.

Protection functionsProtection functions are type tested according toIEC 60255 standard series.

Electro magnetic compatibilityAll relevant tests are according to the followingstandard series: IEC 60255 for electromagnetic compatibility and

product standard; EN 61000 for electromagnetic compatibility; EN 50263 for measuring relays and protection

equipment. EN 60694 + IEC 60694 Amd.12000 for common

specifications for high-voltage switchgear andcontrol gears.

Insulation resistanceGreater than >100MOhm at 500V DC.

Mechanical robustnessAccording to IEC 60255-21-1.

Climatic conditionsCold test according to IEC 60068-2-1.Dry heat test according to IEC 60068-.2-2

CertificationsATEX

The REF542plus unit, when used as a motorprotection, can optionally comply with the directive94/9/EC from the European Community forexplosives environments. This directive defineshow motor protection units behave in potentiallyexplosive environment. The EC type certificationnumber from PTB (Physikalisch TechnischeBundesanstalt) is PTB 02 ATEX 3000.When requested, ATEX certification must bespecified at ordering time.

Input for time synchronization (optional)The supported protocol is IRIG, format B000,B002, B003. Glass fiber Wavelength: 820nm Max distance: 1500m Connector type: ST

Input for HSTS (optional)2 glass fiber optical inputs, ST connectors.1 glass fiber optical output, ST connector.Refer to SUE 3000 specific documentation formore details.

Power supply

Base UnitRated voltage 110 VDC (-30%, +10%)

220 VDC (-30%, +10%) or48 to 220 VDC (-15%, +10%)

Power consumption < 30 W (Typical, 2 BIOs)Inrush current < 10 A peak value for 200 msAdmissible ripple Less than 10%

HMIRated voltage 48 110 VDC (-15%, +10%)

110 220 VDC (-15%, +10%)Power consumption < 6 WAdmissible ripple Less than 10%

Environmental conditions

Ambient operationtemperature -10 + 55CAmbient transportand storage temperature -25 +70CAmbient humidity Up to 95% without

condensationAltitude < 1000m a.s.l.

Protection degree Base unitHousing: IP20.

HMIFront: IP 44Rear: IP 20.

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47

7

Connector plates 48

Binary input and output connections 51

Typical connection schemes 53

CONNECTIONS

48

CONNECTIONS

Connector platesThe pictures show the connectionsfor REF542plus both in the standardand wide housing versions.The wide housing version can housethree binary input and outputmodules, the communicationmodule, the 0/4 ... 20 mA analogoutput module or alternatively the4 ... 20 mA analog input module.The standard housing version canhouse at most two binary input andoutput modules and alternatively thecommunication module or theanalog output module.

REF542plus standard housing connections with mixed analog inputconnector and connector for the communication module.

REF542plus standard housing connections with mixed analog inputconnector and connector for the 0/4 ... 20 mA analog output module.

REF542plus wide housing connections.

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The connectors meaning is explained in thefollowing table.A few connectors have different meaningdepending upon the used communication moduletype.Sensors connectors X87 and X88 are placedinstead of X80 when only sensors are used.

Connector MeaningX10 Base unit power supplyX20 First BIO, inputsX21 First BIO, outputsX30 Second BIO, inputsX31 Second BIO, outputsX40 Third BIO, inputsX41 Third BIO, outputsX50 Analog Output 0/4 ... 20 mA or Analog input 4 ... 20 mAX60 Modbus RS 485, channel 2; COM L-COM I TX; SPABUS RXX61 Modbus RS 485, channel 1; COM L-COM I RX; SPABUS TXX62 Opt. Modbus, RX channel 1X63 Opt. Modbus, TX channel 1X64 Opt. Modbus, RX channel 2X65 Opt. Modbus, TX channel 2X70 Ethernet InterfaceX71 CAN interfaceX72 RS 232 Service portX73 Connection to HMIX74 Time synch optical inputX75 HSTS InputX76 HSTS InputX77 HSTS OutputX80 Connector for CTs and VTsX81 Sensor 1X82 Sensor 2X83 Sensor 3X84 Sensor 4X85 Sensor 5X86 Sensor 6X87 Sensor 7X88 Sensor 8

REF542plus HMI connections plate. X20 isthe connection to the Base Unit. X10 is thepower supply.

Analog inputs connectionsThe analog input connector changes whenconventional instrument transformers, sensors ormixed combinations have to be connected.When sensors are used, they are connected withdouble line ST type connectors.X81 corresponds to sensor 1, and X88 connectssensor 8. They can be indifferently current orvoltage sensors. The choice is a software configu-ration inside the REF542plus unit.When conventional instrument transformers are inuse, the connector looks like in the picture below.

Connector for conventionalinstrument transformers.

Connector for sensorsanalog input module.

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Binary input and output connectionsBinary inputs and outputs modules use the following connectors: X20 (inputs), X21 (outputs) for the first module; X30 (inputs), X31 (outputs) for the second module; X40 (inputs), X41 (outputs) for the third module, available with the wide case only.The picture shows binary inputs of two BIO3 modules (X20 and X30 connectors), both withseparated and connected minus.

Binary inputs types.

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Binary outputs types, elec-tromechanical types on theleft and solid state on theright.

The following picture shows the first BIO3 outputs for the two different module types:electromechanical and static.

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Binary outputs of BIO2 module type.

In the electromechanical module, it is visible thetrip coil supervision on BO2. Binary outputs BO7and BO8, normally used for signaling, areexchange contacts. WD1 is the watchdog contact.In the static output module, there are two trip coilsupervision circuits on BO1 and BO2.The REF542plus can also be equipped withbinary input and output modules of BIO2 types.This module type has electromechanical relays forthe outputs and presents slight differences withBIO3 Modules.An example of BIO2 module is in the picture.

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Generic Outgoing feeder.

Typical connection schemesSome exemplary connection schemes are reported below. Many others arepossible.

Generic Outgoing FeederThis picture represents the typical connection scheme for outgoing feeders,when both voltage and current protections are required. There is also acurrent balance transformer for earth fault current sensing. Analog inputchannel 8 is not used.

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CONNECTIONS

Feeder with differential protectionThe schematic diagram below shows theconnection for a power transformer feeder withdifferential, earth fault and restricted earth faultprotection.

Power transformer differen-tial protection.

The used analog input board has 8 inputs forcurrents. The first 6 channels are used for thedifferential protection; channel 7 is used for therestricted earth fault protection and channel 8 forthe earth protection.

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Incoming feeder with synchrocheckThe picture below shows a possible connectiondiagram for a generic incoming feeder withsynchrocheck function on the bus bar.Channels 1,2,3 are used for current sensing andcurrent protection functions.

Channels 4,5,6 are used for phase to earthvoltage measurements and protection of theincoming feeder. Channel 7 is used for theresidual current for earth fault protection whilechannel 8 is used for bus bar phase-to-phasevoltage to perform the synchrocheck.

Incoming feeder withsynchrocheck capability.

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Document information 58

Product information 58

INFORMATION

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8INFORMATION

Document information

Product Information

Revision HistoryDocument revision Date Note1VTA100001-Rev 6, en 25.10.2002 Last revision for Rel 1.1, sw version V4C011VTA100001-Rev 7, en 15.09.2003 Rel 2.0, sw version V4D021VTA100001-Rev 8, en 18.05.2004 Revision for service pack 1, sw version V4D02

AustraliaABB Australia Pty LimitedPTMV / MV Air Insulated Panels and SwitchboardsBapaume RoadMoorebank NSW Australia 2170Phone: +61 2 9821 0269Fax: +61 2 9602 2454E-mail: abbptmv.aus@au.abb.comInternet: http://www.abb.com/au

ChinaABB Xiamen Switchgear Co. LtdEngineeringABB Industrial Park, Torch Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone,Xiao Dong ShanXiamen S.E.Z., Fujian 361006Phone: +86 592 6026-033 Ext. 4061Fax: +86 592 603-0525Internet: http://www.abb.com

Czech RepublicABB s.r.o.MV SwitchgearVidenska 11761900 BrnoPhone: +420 5 4715 2413Fax: +420 5 4715 2190E-mail: info.ejf@cz.abb.comInternet: http://www.abb.com

ItalyABB Power Technologies S.p.AUnit Operativa SACE (PTMV)Product ManagementVia Friuli 4I-24044 Dalmine (BG)Phone: +39 035 395 111Fax: +39 035 395 874E-mail: sacetms.tipm@it.abb.comInternet: http://www.abb.com/it

MalaysiaABB Transmission & Distribution Sdn. Bhd.ManufacturingLot 608, Jalan SS 13/1K47500 Subang Jaya, Petaling JayaSelanggor Darul EhsanPhone: +603 5628 4888Internet: http://www.abb.com

FinlandABB OyDistribution AutomationP.O. Box 699FI-65101 Vaasa, FINLANDTel +358 10 22 11Fax +358 10 224 1094www.abb.com/substationautomation

IndiaABB Limited - Design & DevelopmentMV Switchgear Divisionplot No. 79 Street No. 17Nashik -PIN- 422007Phone: +91 0253 2351095Fax: +91 0253 2350644Internet: http://www.abb.com

SwitzerlandABB Secheron SAMedium VoltageRue des Sablieres 4-6CH 1217 MeyrinPhone: +41 22 306 2646Fax: +41 22 306 2682E-mail: info.secheron@ch.abb.comInternet: http://www.abb.ch

EgyptABB Arab Technical MarketingIndustrial Zone B110th of Ramadan CityPhone: +2 15 36 1288Fax: +2 15 36 1642Internet: http://www.abb.com/eg

GermanyABB Calor Emag Mittelspannung GmbHProduct ManagementOberhausener Strae. 3340472 RatingenPhone: +49 2102 12 1901Fax: +49 2102 12 1808 1901E-mail: calor.info@de.abb.comInternet: http://www.abb.de/calor

KoreaABB Ltd.Power Technology Medium Voltage513 Sungsung-dong (Chonan Foreign Invested-Enterprises IndustrialPark) Chonan, Chungchong-namdo, Post 330-300Phone: +82 41 529 2458Fax: +82 41 529 2500E-mail: swgr.info@kr.abb.comInternet: http://www.abb.com.kr

TurkeyABB Elektrik Sanayi. A.S.Design & EngineeringOrganize Sanayi Blgesi 2 Cadde: No. 16Yukar Dudullu81260 IstanbulPhone: +90 216 365 2900Fax: +90 216 365 2943Internet: http://www.abb.com

ABB Power Technologies S.p.A.Unit Operativa SACE (PTMV)Via Friuli, 4I-24044 DalmineTel: +39 035 395111Fax: +39 035 395874E-mail: sacetms.tipm@it.abb.comInternet://www.abb.com

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