ABC Bookof

History

Wanita Bailey5th period

5--11

AAbolitionist- a person who strongly favors the doing the away with slavery.

Adams, Samuel- stated the Sons of Liberty & the Boston Tea Party.

Abstain- to not take part in some activity such as voting.

BBlockade- cut off an area by means of troops or warships to stop supplies or people from coming in or going out; to close off a countries ports.

Boycott- to refuse to buy items from a particular country.

Beecher, Catherine- thought that women should be educated for traditional roles in life & est. Milwaukee College for women

CCivil War- conflict between opposing groups of citizens in the same country.

Clay , Henry- a man greatly know as a compromiser (famous for the Missouri Compromise)

Cotton Gin- made by Eli Whitney –a machine that removed seeds from cotton fiber, and revolutionized the South’s need for slavery by doing the work of 50 in 1.

DDepression- a period of low economic activity & wide spread of unemployment.

Drought- long period with out water.

Dred Scott vs. Sanford- supreme court case over the matter if a slaves freedom when their owner took them to a free state decision= slaves are property

EEmancipate- freeing of slaves.

Emigrant- a person who leave a country or region to live elsewhere.

English Bill of Rights- a list of rights for England's’ people.

FFederalist- supporter of the Constitution with out a Bill of Rights.

Fugitive- runaway or trying to runaway.

Franklin, Benjamin- helped write the Declaration of Independence & was in the Revolutionary War.

G Guerrilla War- a hit-and run technique used in fighting a war, fighting by small bands of warriors using tactics such as sudden ambushes.

Guerrilla Tactics- referring to surprising attacks rather than organized warfare.

Emancipate- 18th president 1869-1877, became president not long after Civil War. In which he made the Confederacy surrender at Appomattox Court House

H

Holocaust- the name given to the massive slaughter of Jews and other groups by Nazis during World War II.

Human Rights- rights regarded as belonging to all persons, such as freedom from unlawful imprisonment, torture, and execution.

Hamilton, Alexander- supporter of the Constitution 1st Secretary of State

I Impressment- forcing people onto service, as in the navy.

Integrate- to end separation different races and bring in to equal membership in society.

Industrial Revolution- the change from an agrarian society to one based on industry which began in Great Britain and spread to America around the 1800s

J Jones, John Paul- naval officer- during the Revolutionary War that made the British ship the Serapis surrender.

Judicial Review- the right of the Supreme Court if a law violates the Constitution.

Joint Occupation- the possession and setting of an area shared by to or more countries.

KKey, Francis Scott- On Sept.13-14, 1814 he witnessed bombardment at Fort McHenry in the harbor and it inspired him to write the “Star Spangled Banner.” In 1931 Congress designated it as the National Anthem.

Kansas- nicked named “Bleeding Kansas” because of the events in 1856 when we went through a mini civil war that lasted for months.

LLoyalist- American colonist who remained loyal to Britain & opposed the war for independence

Laissez-Faire- policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the national economy.

Lincoln, Abraham- 16th president during bloodiest war (Civil War) and issued the Emancipation Proclamation.

MMayflower Compact- a formal document, written in 1620 that provided law & order to the Plymouth colony.

Manifest Destiny- the idea popular in the U.S. during the 1800s that the country must expand its boundaries to the Pacific.

Monroe, James- 5th president who wrote the Monroe Doctrine that stated you don’t bother us, and we wont bother you. Directed to Brit.

NNullify- to cancel or make ineffective.

Neutral- taking no sides in the conflict.

Napoleon- sold U.S. the Louisiana Territory. (which doubled the size of America)

OOlive Branch Petition- sent to the king to express the colonist desire for peace. ( with out reading the king responded by sending troops)

Override- to over turn or defeat, as a bill proposed by Congress.

Offensive- position of attacking or the attack itself.

PPrivateer- armed private ship.

Precedent- a tradition.

Pony Express- a trail of delivering mail, on horseback.

QQuebec, Battle of- a place thought to be impossible to attack until a British scot in Sept 1753 spotted a poorly guarded path. During the night they slipped up the path and attacked.win=Britain (French and Indian War)

Quartering Troops- in the III amendment it states that no soldier shall be house in any house with out the owners consent.

Quakers- protestant group of dissenters also known as “Society of Friends”

RRevere, Paul- man who drew the “Boston Massacre” renaming it the “Bloody Massacre” which spread around the 13 colonies-also known as one of the men that rode in horseback shouting “The Regulars are coming, the Regulars are coming.

Revenue- incoming money.

Repeal- to cancel an act or law.

SSecede- to leave or withdraw.

Stowe, Harriet Beecher- wrote best selling book “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”… over slavery.

Smuggling- trading illegally with other nations

TThoreau, Henry- went to jail standing up for his beliefs, refused to pay a dollar to vote, not wanting o pay for Mexican War.

Tariff- a tax on imports or exports.

Temperance- the use of little to no alcoholic drink.

UUncle Tom’s Cabin- book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe- over slavery and how slaves were treated.

Utopia- community based on a vision of a perfect society by reformers.

Underground Railroad- a system that helped enslaved African Americans follow a network of escape routes out of the South to freedom in the North.

VVigilantes- people who take the law into their own hands.

Veto- to reject a bill and prevent it from becoming a law.

Vicksburg, Battle of- a Union win the Civil War-gave the Union the Mississippi River.

WWar Hawks- Republicans during Madison's presidency who pressed for war with Britain.

Writ of assistance- legal document that enabled officers to search homes & war houses for goods that might be smuggled.

Washington, George- 1st president made Britain surrender at the Battle of Yorktown; winning the Revolutionary War which gave us our independence from Britain.

XXYZ Affair- referring to 3 French agents-when Adams sent over Americans to solve a dispute, the minister refused to meet them and wanted a bribe & loan. In response Adams urge Congress to prepare for war.

YYankee- Union soldier.

Yellow journalism- a type of sensational, biased, and often false reporting.

Yorktown, Virginia- were British surrendered to 13 colonies. Battle which war ended.

ZZuni, the- people from the South that took part in sophisticated trade that extended from the Southwest to Mexico.

Zinger, John Peter- charge of libel for printing a true critical report about the royal government of New York. Found not guilty by jury-Freedom of Press.