abhi finalslide
TRANSCRIPT
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WELCOMEWELCOME
6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 1
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A SINGLE-PHASE GRID-CONNECTED A SINGLE-PHASE GRID-CONNECTED FUEL CELL SYSTEM FUEL CELL SYSTEM
BASED ON A BOOST-INVERTERBASED ON A BOOST-INVERTER
ABHINAND.BNIDHEESH K PNIKHIL NARAYANAN KSUJITH KUMAR M
6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 2
PROJECT GUIDE Mrs.RESHMI SR
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AN ERA OF FUEL CELLS ! ! ! AN ERA OF FUEL CELLS ! ! !
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ENERGY SCENARIO
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ALTERNATIVES ? ?ALTERNATIVES ? ?
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6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 6
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6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 7
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CASE STUDYCASE STUDYKPCL, KASARGODKPCL, KASARGOD
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NTPC, KAYAMKULAMNTPC, KAYAMKULAM
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WHAT IS A FUEL CELL?WHAT IS A FUEL CELL?• Generates electricity by chemical reaction
• Two electrodes anode and cathode
• Every fuel cells also has an electrolyte
• Hydrogen is the basic fuel, it also require oxygen
• Making power more efficiently and with less pollution
• Water is the only by product
6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 10
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PARTS OF A FUEL CELLPARTS OF A FUEL CELL
• Anode
• Cathode
• Electrolyte
• Catalyst
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WORKING OF FUEL WORKING OF FUEL CELLCELL
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IN DETAIL
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PRODUCTIONPRODUCTION
Hydrogen can be produced from
• Fossil Fuels (currently 90% of 42 tons/year)
• Water
6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 14
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OTHER TYPES OF FUEL OTHER TYPES OF FUEL CELLSCELLS•Alkaline fuel cell (AFC)
•Phosphoric-acid fuel cell (PAFC)
•Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)
•Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC)
http://www.howstuffworks.com/fuel-cell.htm/printable6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 15
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COMPARISONCOMPARISON
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BLOCK DIAGRAMBLOCK DIAGRAM
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CIRCUIT DIAGRAMCIRCUIT DIAGRAM
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ATTRACTIONSATTRACTIONS• High energy conversion efficiency
• Modular design
• Very low chemical and acoustical pollution
• Fuel flexibility
• Cogeneration capability
• Rapid load response
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HH22-O-O22 FC EFFICIENCY FC EFFICIENCY• 40% efficiency converting methanol to hydrogen in reformer
• 80% of hydrogen energy content converted to electrical energy
• 80% efficiency for inverter/motor
• Converts electrical to mechanical energy
• Overall efficiency of 24-32%
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PROS & CONSPROS & CONS Advantages• Water is the only discharge (pure H2)• No conventional energy sources needed.• Low heat transmission. • Cost effective method to produce electricity.
Disadvantages• CO2 discharged with methanol reform.• Little more efficient than alternatives• Technology currently expensive.
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APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS
• Portable Devices (Direct Methanol)•Cell Phone• Laptops• Field Equipment for military
• Distributed Generation•Commercial and Residential stationary
• Light Duty Vehicles
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•Power sources for vehicles such as cars, trucks, buses and even boats and submarines
• Power sources for spacecraft,
remote weather stations
and military technology
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Continued..
Continued…
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• Batteries for electronics such as laptops and smart phones
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Continued…
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QUESTIONS ARISEDQUESTIONS ARISED•Lack of hydrogen infrastructure
•Need for refueling stations
•Lack of consumer distribution system
•Cost of hydrogen fuel cells
•2009 Department of Energy estimated $61/kw
•Honda FCX Clarity costs about half a million dollars to make
•Problems with HFC cars
•Short range (~260 miles)
•Warm up time (~5 minutes)
6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 25
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REFERENCESREFERENCES• http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/fuelcell.shtml
• http://www.howstuffworks.com/fuel-efficiency/alternative-fuels/fuel-cell.htm
• http://www.energy.gov
• Chemical Principles, Sixth Edition, Zumdahl
6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 26
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THANK YOU….!!!THANK YOU….!!!
6/02/2014 DEPT.EEE.SIST 27