4387 Rider Trail N. | Earth City, MO 63045 | 1.800.325.4875 | +1.314.344.3330www.foamsupplies.com | www.ecomatesystems.com

TITLE:ecomate® Foam Blowing Agent

AuThoR(S):John Murphy, Foam Supplies, Inc.Mark Schulte, Foam Supplies, Inc.Buck Green, Foam Supplies, Inc.

ABSTRACT: Foam Supplies, Inc offers a patented blowing agent, ecomate@, for rigid urethane foams. It is an economically and environmentally attractive blowing agent for most urethane foam applications with marketing benefits. Ecomate is a cost effective long term blowing agent solution for the replacement of HCFCs and HFCs.

Four years of field testing have shown this product to be an excellent replacement BA which required little or no formulation change in the finished product, and which maintained without compromise, the excellent properties of the original formulation.

Systems formulated with it are very can stable, and the foams made have excellent dimensional stability. Because of its molecular weight and good thermal properties, it offers a very cost effective route to thermally efficient foams.

Foam systems formulated with ecomate have achieved Class I [<25 Flame Spread, < 450 Smoke at 5 inches] flammability ratings under UL 723 / ASTM E-84 tunnel testing.

ABSTRACT

The Next Generation Blowing Agent

ecomate® advantages A True LIQUID Blowing Agent To Replace HCFC’s, HFC’s, HC’s SNAP Approved VOC Exempt ZERO ODP ZERO GWP Economically Advantageous Good Solubility Low Volatility Good Foam Properties Good Foam Flammability Resistance

ecomate® Blowing AgentProperties

Clear, Colorless, Flammable Liquid

Boiling Pt Flash Point LEL \ UEL LAMBDA, gas @ 25 °C VP (mm Hg / psig @ 77 °F) Auto Ignition Temp Specific Gravity Molecular Weight

88.7 °F-26 °F

5 - 23%10.7 *

586 / 11.4> 840 °F

0.98260

* calculated

ecomate® Blowing AgentProperties

Clear, Colorless, Flammable Liquid

Boiling Pt Flash Point LEL \ UEL LAMBDA, gas @ 25 °C VP ( @ 77 °F) Auto Ignition Temp Specific Gravity Molecular Weight

88.7 F 31.5 C-26 F -32 C

5 - 23% 5 - 23%0.074 10.7

11.4 psig 586 mm

>840 F >450 C

0.982 0.98260 60

GAS LAMBDA VALUES

10.1 10.6 10.7 12.213.7 15.0 16.3

0.05.0

10.015.020.0

Lam

bda

@

25C

[mW

/m.k

]

HCFC-141b

HFC-365m

fc

ecom

ate

HFC-245fa

HFC-134a

n-pentan

eCO2

ecomate® Blowing Agent- Environmental Characteristics

ecomate blowing agent is an attractive long term environmental option

ODP GWP VOC

CFC 11 1 4000 NO

CFC 12 1 8500 NO

HCFC 141b 0.1 630 NO

HCFC 22 0.05 1700 NO

HCFC 124 0.02 480 NO

HCFC 142b 0.06 2000 NO

HFC 134a 0 1300 NO

HFC 245fa 0 790 -1040 NO

Cyclopentane 0 11 YES

ecomate 0 0 NO

Cost Efficiency

Blowing Agent $/lb * Mol Wt Factor $/mole

HCFC-141b ** 117 1.00 Ref

HCFC-22 ** 86.5 0.74 -25%

HFC-245fa **** 134 1.15 +350%

HFC-134a *** 102 0.87 +70%

cC5 ** 70 0.60 -45%

nC5 * 72 0.62 -70%

ecomate® * 60 0.51 -65%

Key Cost Points ecomate® has resulted in reduced foam density

as low as 1.4 pcf FRD. Commercial experience shows ecomate

requires less molar equivalents than HC’s. ecomate requires less flame retardant to

achieve rated foam than HC’s. ecomate is a small part of overall demand for

the molecule and there are multiple plants in the world.

ecomate® Solubility

Excellent solubilityin all foam ingredients

CHEMICAL ASPECT w 20% ECOMATE

POLYESTER polyol CLEAR

SUCROSE GLYCERIN polyol

CLEAR

AMINE polyol CLEAR

MANNICH polyol CLEAR

ISOCYANATE CLEAR

DEG CLEAR

TCPP CLEAR

Br FRA CLEAR

PROP CARBONATE CLEAR

WATER CLEAR

ecomate® System Emissions –Stored Systems in Drums/Totes

“A”Isocyanate

(ecomate® Blowing Agent)

“B”Polyol Blend

(ecomate® Blowing Agent)

< 22% LEL0-2” above bung@ 85-90°F

22% LELwithin drum headspace

02468

1012141618

75 120 140

psi

Temp (°F)

Vapor Pressure (ASTM D2879, typical data)Blowing Agent/Polyol System

eco3-95-1.7

15 psi UN 1A1 minimum standard

“B”Polyol Blend with

ecomate® Blowing Agent

Vapor Pressure of Stored ecomate®

Blends

02468

1012141618

75 120 140

psi

Temp (°F)

Vapor Pressure (ASTM D2879, typical data)Blowing Agent/Isocyanate System

eco3-95-1.7

15 psi UN 1A1 minimum standard

“A”ISO Blend with

ecomate® Blowing Agent

Vapor Pressure of Stored ecomate®

Blends

Physical Properties

Very Good Properties

PROPERTY ecomate3-95-1.72.3 pcf

ecomate2-90-1.72.1 pcf

CS//, psi 46 41

CS_|_, psi 31 27

DIM STABS

COLD, 7d -0.06 % -0.06 %HUMID, 7d 2.0 % -0.21 %

K-FACTOR 0.145 0.140

ecomate® Density PotentialIngredient System 1

04B73System 2

04B77

H2O 1.3 1.4134a 3.5 10.8ecomate 1.8 0

Density 1.47 1.64

Blowing Agent

ecomate® Density PotentialIngredient System 1

04B73System 2

04B77Blowing Agent moles moles

H2O 0.140 0.150134a 0.034 0.106ecomate 0.029 0.000

0.203 0.256Density 1.47 1.64

ecomate® Fire ResistanceIngredient System 1

04B73System 2

04B77

Blowing Agent moles moles

H2O 0.140 0.150

134a 0.034 0.106

ecomate 0.029 0.000

0.203 0.256

FS 25 25SMOKE 250 250

ISOCYANURATE FOAMS HIGH vs LOW INDEX WITH / W-OUT FRA ESTER EFFECTS DENSITY TARGET RXN RATES

I = 375, 225 TCCP @ 0, 2.7% ESTERS 1 thru 6 1.8 - 2.0 pcf CT 6 – 8 sec GEL 18 – 22 sec TF 20 – 30 sec

OBSERVATIONS – PIR FOAMS ecomate compatible in

ALL FORMULATIONS NO HAZE – CRYSTAL CLEAR NO NEED TO EMULSIFY

VISCOSITIES : ~ 300 cps with HIGH WATER ~ 70 CPS with ALL ECOMATE

TYPICAL FORMULATIONSFORMULA

ESTER 10.2

FR Additive 2.7

Cat Blend 2.6

Surfactant 0.7

Water 0.8

ecomate 2.0

ISOCYANATE 81

RESULTS w FRA [w/wo H20]

HI ECO Level IMPROVES RATIO FS UNCHANGED SMOKE LESS Promotes Shrinkage

I = 375 39-3 39-4

ESTER 1 10.2 21.35Water 0.8 0ecomate 2.0 7.56RATIO / 100 A 23.7 54FLM SPREAD 2”<25 2”<25SMOKE 10.2 1SHRINK NO YES% WT LOSS 5.4 3.3

RESULTS w/wo FRA w/o FRA FS - Much WORSE SMK - Much WORSE WT LOSS HIGHER

I = 375 39-4 39-10

ESTER 1 21.35 22.11FRA 2.67 0Water 0 0ecomate 7.56 7.56RATIO / 100 A 54 49FLM SPREAD 2”<25 4”>25SMOKE 1 29.2SHRINK YES YES% WT LOSS 3.3 14

RESULTS w/o FRA HIGHER DENSITY LESS ECO Used ELIMINATE SHRINK

NEARLY SAME FS = SMOKE - WT LOSS +

I = 375 39-12 39-10ESTER 1 22.61 22.11FRA 0 0Water 0 0ecomate 5.67 7.56RATIO / 100 A 46 49DENSITY 2.1 1.8FLM SPREAD 4”>25 4”>25SMOKE 26.5 29.2SHRINK NO YES% WT LOSS 16 14

RESULTS w/o FRA INCR. ECOMATE

RATIO IMPROVES FS WORSENS SMOKE VARIES WT LOSS ↑ SHRINKAGE ↑

BEST SCENARIO ~ 0.6% H20

I = 375 39-9 39-8 39-13 39-14

ESTER 1 10.96 10.74 13.3 16.0

FRA 0 0 0 0

Water 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2ecomate 2 4.4 5.6 7.0RATIO / 100 A 20.6 24.0 29.8 36.6FLM SPREAD 25 1”>25 3”>25 3”>25SMOKE 22 10 28 26SHRINK NO NO SLT YES% WT LOSS 8 7 11 11

RESULTS w/o FRA [0.6% H20]

DECR. INDEX RATIO

IMPROVES FS WORSENS SMOKE ↑ WT LOSS ↑ NO SHRINKAGE

I = VARIABLE 39-8 44-1ESTER 1 10.74 25.7FRA 0 0Water 0.6 0.6ecomate 4.4 4.4RATIO / 100 A 24.0 51.6INDEX 375 225FLM SPREAD 1”>25 2”>25SMOKE 10 23SHRINK NO NO% WT LOSS 7 18

RESULTS w/o FRA [0.6% H20]

ESTER AFFECTS: FLAME SPREAD SMOKE WT LOSS

SHRINKAGE OK!

I = 225 44-1 44-2 44-4ESTER 1 25.8

ESTER 3 29.2

ESTER 2 23.2

FRA 0 0 0

Water 0.6 0.6 0.6ecomate 4.4 4.4 4.4

RATIO / 100 A 51.6 59.9 45.9

FLM SPREAD 2”>25 8”>25 1”>25

SMOKE 23 34 25SHRINK NO NO NO% WT LOSS 18 27 17

RESULTS w FRA [0.6% H20]

EFFECTS ARE more SUBTILE

ESTER AFFECTS: FLAME

SPREAD SMOKE WT LOSS

SHRINKAGE OK!

I = 225 44-5 44-6 44-7ESTER 1 24.9

ESTER 3 28.2

ESTER 2 22.4

FRA 2.25 2.25 2.25Water 0.6 0.6 0.6

ecomate 4.4 4.4 4.4

RATIO / 100 A 54.9 63.3 49.1

FLM SPREAD 1”>25 1”>25 25SMOKE 10 10 8SHRINK NO NO NO% WT LOSS 7.8 7.7 6.2

IMPROVED PROPERTIES CO-BLOW w H2O USE RIGHT SURFACTANT PROPER CATALYSIS < Strong Blow ……………Strong Gel >

CONCLUSIONS No Need to EMULSIFY BA ESTER Choice CRITICAL Some FRA Suggested CO-BLOWN ECO/H20 Suggested ~ 0.6% H20 Optimal Right Surfactant & Catalyst Pkg

ecomate® advantages A True LIQUID Blowing Agent SNAP Approved Good Solubility Low Volatility Good Foam Properties Good Flammability Resistance Cost Competitive

The Next Generation Blowing Agent