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Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
40
BUREAUCRACY REFORM ON POPULATION ADMINISTRATION
I r m a n1
ABSTRACT
Bureaucratic reform on population administration in Indonesia just have been
started since 2006 inline with implementation of Law Number 23/2006
concerning population administration. Implementationa of the regulation, then
followed up with the implementation of 3 (three) National Strategic Programs
namely: updating population data at national scale, Issuing National Population
Registration Number (NIK) and Implementation of National Electronic Identity
Card (KTP-el) equipped with fingerprint and iris images recording. By finishing
the programs, Indonesian Government enables to create an accurate population
database and have been used for both business and government institutions. Up
to now, 32 (thirty two) Institutions-Users has been using Population Database
from Ministry of Home Affairs. These 32 (thirty-two) Institutions-Users become
the populations of this study. It means all population is being use as sample. This
research aims to find out the impact of the effectiveness, efficiency and strategy
of population-database’s utilization on the quality of public service in Indonesia.
The study observes that the effectiveness and efficiency in using population
database has significant correlation with the improvement of public services.
Effectiveness in utilizing population database (X1) contributed 14.8%, while the
efficiency in utilizing population database (X2) contributed 13,9% to variable
quality of public serves (Y) respectively. It means that the more effective and
efficient population database utilization, the higher improvement of public
service quality. In line with the utilization of population database as mention
above, it has found strategy formulation or ‘Model’ in improving quality of
public service.
Key Words : Population database, effective, efficiency, public service and
bureaucratic reform
INTRODUCTION
Background
The beginning of bureaucratic reform in Indonesia indicated by
implementation of Law Number 17/2007 regarding The National Long-Term
1 The author is a General Director of Population and Civil Registration, Ministry of Home Affair
of Indonesia. Can be contacted by email : [email protected]
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
41
Development Plan (RPJPN 2005-2025), which giving mandate to reform
government apparatus through bureaucratic reform in increasing professionalism
of government employee, implementation of good governance and also create
clean government apparatus at the cental and local governement to be able to
support the successful development program on the other sectors. This regulation
then follows by implementation of Government Regulation Number 81/2010
regarding Grand Design of Bureaucratic Reform 2010-2025.
Meanwhile, bureaucratic reform on population administration based on
enactment of Law Number 23/2006 concerning population administration, which
has been followed up with its implementing regulations such as Government
Regulation Number 37/2007 regarding implementation of Law Number 23/2006
and Presidential regulation Nomor 25/2008 regarding Requirements and
Procedures of Population Registration and Civil Registration. Law Number
23/2006 concerning population administration has been amended to Law Number
24/2013.
There are some fundamental changes regulated in Law No. 24/2013. First,
registration on population admistration which is originally based on stelsel active
from residents in reporting any vital events occured by residents, become mobile
registration which is based on stelsel active from government official in recording
any vital events occured by residents. Second, National Electronic Identity Card
(KTP-el) which was valid for five years becomes valid for lifetime. Third, free
registration cost for documents processing not only for National Electronic
Identity Card (KTP-el) but also for any others population administration
documents processing.
Some set of reglations that regulates population administration aspects
such as Law, Government Regulation and Presidential Regulation just have been
implemented by Ministry of Home Affairs since 2010 through implementation of
3 (three) National Strategic Programs namely:
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
42
1. Updating population data at national scale;
2. Issuing National Population Registration Number (NIK);
3. Implementation of National Electronic Identity Card (KTP-el) equipped with
fingerprint and iris images recording.
Due to hard working from Minister of Home Affairs collaborate with
Provincial and City/Regency government supporting by House of Representatives
of the Republic of Indonesia, ministries and related institutions such as Agency
for Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), the National Encryption
Agency (Lemsaneg), Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Computer Science
and Informatics Higher Educational Institutions Association (APTIKOM),
Ministry of Communication and Information, Ministry of Research and
Technology, State Intelligence Agency, The Indonesian Police’s Automatic
Fingerprint Identification System (Inafis) and Board of Supervisors Finance and
Development (BPKP) has completed that 3 (three) National Strategic Programs at
the end of 2013. By finishing the programs, Indonesian Government enables to
create an accurate population database, Issuing National Population Registration
Number (NIK) and Issuing National Electronic Identity Card (KTP-el) which
impossible to create false and multiple identity cards.
LITERATURE REVIEW
1. Bureaucratic reform
According Bendictus de Spinosa, F. Hegel and Adam Muller, the
integralistic theory states that a state is a societal structure that is integral. All of
its groups, all of its components, all of its members are closely linked to each
other and constitute a unified societal entity that is organic. Integralistic country
is a country that attempts to address the interests of individual and group and
prioritizes the interests of public as a whole.
The term ‘government’ originated from the word ‘governor’ with
adopted from the Greece word with similar meaning to the phrase
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
43
“cybernetics”or “steering steersman”, so in general, government is a term used
to refer to institutions that manage people's lives2. The term government has a
wide range of meanings and frequently interchangeable with words such as the
public sector, public service, public administration and state. Some people
consider government and executive as the same thing and some people believe
that government and executive as something different3. People who consider that
government and executive as the same thing because there are formal separation
of power in state organisation as considered in state constitution. Furthermore, the
opinion that define "government" in general and in the specific is actually not
much different from the opinion consider government and executive as difference
or the opinion consider government and executive as similar.
Bureaucracy theory has 3 (three) different definition, namely (1)
bureaucracy define as ‘government by bureaus’ which means government bureau
by official who are appointed by the formal authority, government or top
management in an formal organisation both public or private; bureaucratic
government is a government without the participation of the governed; (2)
Bureaucracy bureaucracy is defined as government behaviour such as inflexible,
slow, badly manage and all negative image related to the authority or in simple
can be called bureau-pathology. Bureaucracy in this definition is written by many
people; (3) Bureaucracy as an ideal type of organization. Ussualy bureaucracy in
this definition considered as contribution of Max Weber’s theory regarding
concept of sosiologic rationalization of collective activity4.
Bureaucratic reform in developing countries mainly enabled by 3 (three)
factors namely: globalization, democratization and economic crisis. Similar to
bureaucratic reform in Indonesia was also anabled by the economic crisis that
2 Senge cited in Rahardiansah, Trubus. 2010. Sistem Pemerintahan Indonesia : teori dan praktik
dalam perspektif politik dan hukum. Jakarta : Trisakti University.p.38 3 Ibid.p.9 4 Ndraha, Talizidhu. 2003. Kybernology (Ilmu Pemerintahan Baru) 1. Jakarta : PT. Rineka
Cipta.p.513
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
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occurred in Indonesiase in 1997. It can be seen clearly from formulation of Grand
Design regarding Bureaucratic Reform 2010-2025 from Ministry of State
Apparatus Empowerment/Bureaucratic Reform which states that:
“The economic crisis experienced by Indonesia in 1997, then has
change become a multi-dimensional crisis in 1998. These conditions
led to strong demands from all levels of society against the
government for implementing reform on government management.
Since then, there have been important changes that become
milestones as beginning of reform in some aspect such as in the
political, legal, economic and bureaucratic, and popularly known as
the first wave of reform era in Indonesia. The changes are based on
the desire of most people to realize the democratic government and
accelerate the realization of the people’s welfare based on basic
values as expressed in the Preamble of the 1945 National
Constitution.”
Academic discussions regarding bureaucratic reform is popularly known
as administrative reform, where in the early development of administration theory,
some experts emphasized the importance of efficiency in administration. An
administration is a rational process that involves human and other elements as a
system to achieve its intended purpose5. The power of government in a broad
sense can be divided into two (2) principles, namely the principle of expertise in
the form of higher institutions, department, tribunal/court, commissions and other
agency of expertise, and the principle of regionalism in the form of
deconcentration and decentralization6.
Further development showed that the discussion on bureaucratic reform
is not limited to the issue of efficiency alone. One of the opinion supporting this
idea that stated administrative reform is directed to perform administrative
transformation towards high performance standards, even though there are many
challenges in the implementation7. Furthermore, its needed 3 (three) things to
achieve high performance namely moral, transformation and resistance. The
5 Suradinata, Ermaya.2014. Etika Pemerintahan dan Geopolitik Indonesia. Bandung : Pustaka
Ramadhan.p.72 6 Ibid.p.82 7 Caiden, Gerald E. 1969. Administrative Reform. Chicago, Illinois : Aldine Publishing
Company.p.65
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
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biggest challenge for the transformation is how to win heart and minds of
organisation members at various levels to minimize rejection of the reforms
undertaken8.
2. Demography
Geography is not just limited to the land, water, and climate, or
‘physiography’ but also contains a much broader sense that may include the
existence of the relationship and dependency of the three elements of territory,
people, natural resources and political system, socio-cultural system, economic
system, circulatory system, legal system and defense and security systems9.
Demography learns composition and process of population in one area.
Population structure consists of number, distribution and composition of the
population10. Population structures are changing from time to time and it’s
affected by population process namely birth, death rates and migration of resident.
3. Public Services
Meanwhile, indicators of customer satisfactions consist of 5 (five)
dimensions: Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance and Empathy11.
The Service Triangle Model states that the output of a good quality service is
dependent on three elements of human resources (people), system and service
strategy12. Efficiency is the best ratio between the input and output of services.
Ideally, the service will be efficient if the bureaucracy of service can provide
service inputs such as cost and service time that facilitate the public and users13.
8 Ibid 9 Suradinata, Ermaya.2014. Etika Pemerintahan dan Geopolitik Indonesia. Bandung : Pustaka
Ramadhan.p.14 10 Mantra, Ida Bagoes. 2013. Demografi Umum (Edisi Kedua). Yogyakarta : Pustaka Pelajar.p.3 11 Zeithaml, Valerie A., Parasuraman, A., Berry, Leonard L. 1990. Delivering Quality Service :
balancing customer perceptions and expectations. Newyork : The Free Press.p.34. 12 Albrecht & Zemke cited by Agus Dwiyanto (ed). 2008. Mewujudkan Good Governance Melalui
Pelayanan Publik. Yogyakarta : Gadjah Mada University Press.p.67. 13 Agus Dwiyanto (ed). 2008. Mewujudkan Good Governance Melalui Pelayanan Publik.
Yogyakarta : Gadjah Mada University Press.p.76.
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
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The effectiveness is the ability to choose the right targets14. Effectiveness
means the achievement of the goals as expected by the organization. Efficiency is
the ability to minimize the use of resources in achieving goals of the
organization15. In essence, a strategy is associated with goal setting (i.e. strategic
objectives) and the achievement of strategic compliance by allocating or adjusting
resources with existing opportunities (resource-based strategy)16. Strategic
management is a set of decisions and actions where the priority will determine
long-term performance of various institutions in a variety of scales, in both
business and government institutions.
THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Based on the literature review and theories as described above, it can be
made the following conceptual framework. Indonesian with a very enormous
population, the world’s fourth largest after China, India and the United States and
spreaded out in 17.508 islands, really need management of population data using
advanced computer technology in providing accurate population database and its
also need to be integrated in every level of government with administrators and
institution-users.
Ministry of Home Affairs as organisations responsible in managing
population administration in Indonesia has main function and responsibility to
manage population administration and provide population database. Meanwhile,
other institutions such as government and business institutions has main function
as user so called institution-users.
Improvement of public service quality can be implemented by utilizing
population database effectively and efficiently and also using strategy model in
14 Stoner, James A.F. 1982. Manajemen, second edition. Jakarta : Erlangga. 15 Stoner, James A.F. 1996. Manajemen Jilid 1. Penerjemah Sindoro, Alexander. Jakarta :
Prenhallindo.p.9 16 Armstrong, Michael. 2006. Strategic Human Resource Management : a guide to action. 3rd ed.
Philadelphia : Thomson-Shore, Inc.p.11
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
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improving quality of public service. The conceptual framework of population
database ustilization in increasing public service quality can be seen as figure 1
below
Figure 1
Conceptual Framework
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1. Population and Sample
Population in this research consists of 32 (thirty two) Institutions-Users
of Population Database. Sample in this research is total sample (saturated sample),
it means all members of population are used as sample, namely 32 institutions-
users of population database.
ADMINISTRATOR USERS
POPULATION DATABASE MANAGEMENT
GOOD QUALITY SERVICE
(Zeithaml et al., 1990) :
Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance,
Emphaty, dan Tangibles
POPULATION ADMINISTRATION
LIFE VITAL REGISTRATION
POPULATION DATABASE
UTILIZATION
EFFECTIVENESS (Stoner, 1995) :
1. Completeness
2. Accuracy
AND
EFFICIENCY
(Stoner et al, 1996) :
1. Time
2. Cost
3. Energy
STRATEGY
(Wheelen &
Hunger, in
Suradinata, 2012):
1. Environmental
Mapping
2. Strategy
Formulation
3. Strategy
Implementatio
n
4. Evaluation
and Control
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
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2. Methodology
Methodology used in this research is the combination of quantitative and
qualitative (Embedded Concurrent). Collection of quantitative and qualitative data
is conducted in one stage. Quantitative method is used to identify and to analyze
influence of effectiveness and the efficiency of population database utilization on
the quality of public services in Indonesia, either separately or together.
Meanwhile, qualitative method is only used to complete the research in
formulating the strategic model of public service quality improvement in
Indonesia.
3. Data Analysis
Analysis of the data was used to determine the relationship, contribution
and influence of the effectiveness (X1) and the efficiency of population database
(X2) utilization, either separately or jointly on the quality of public services (Y).
To identify correlation between effectiveness of population database
utilization (X1) or efficiency of population database utilization (X2) against public
service quality (Y) is by using simple correlation coefficient formula, meanwhile
to identify the relationship between the effectiveness of population database
utilization (X1) and efficiency of population database utilization (X2) against
public service quality (Y) by using multiple correlation coefficient formula.
To identify the significance of contribution of effectiveness of population
database utilization (X1) and/or efficiency of population database utilization (X2)
against public service quality (Y), is use determination coefficient formula.
To identify the effect of effectiveness of population database utilization
(X1) or efficiency of population database utilization (X2) against public service
quality (Y) is use simple linier regression formula, meanwhile to identify the
effect of effectiveness of population database utilization (X1) and efficiency of
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
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population database utilization (X2) against public service quality (Y) is use
multiple linier regression formula.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
1. Structure and Composition of Indonesia Population
Indonesian population on 31st of December 2013 were 253.602.815
residents, the world’s fourth largest after China, India and the United States.
Registration of the population data in Indonesian is family-based and stored in the
database, both at the regional and national levels with the structure and
composition based on sex group, age group, occupation, religion, marital status,
education and region (provincial, district or city, sub-district and urban village or
village).
Of the 34 provinces, 33 provinces of which already have codes of
administrative area, where province with the largest population is West Java,
while the smallest population is West Papua. Detail of Indonesian population can
be seen in the following table.
Table 1
List of Indonesian Population in every Province per 31st of December 2013
NO. CITY/REGENCY NUMBER OF POPULATION
1 ACEH 5.046.182
2 SUMATERA UTARA 14.510.668
3 SUMATERA BARAT 5.366.763
4 RIAU 5.831.888
5 JAMBI 3.375.079
6 SUMATERA SELATAN 7.975.149
7 BENGKULU 1.909.986
8 LAMPUNG 9.499.116
9 KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG 1.269.381
10 KEPULAUAN RIAU 1.802.229
11 DKI JAKARTA 9.768.250
12 JAWA BARAT 42.223.484
13 JAWA TENGAH 34.798.486
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
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14 DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA 3.535.644
15 JAWA TIMUR 38.999.837
16 BANTEN 9.916.848
17 BALI 4.151.630
18 NUSA TENGGARA BARAT 5.128.563
19 NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR 5.240.337
20 KALIMANTAN BARAT 5.281.941
21 KALIMANTAN TENGAH 2.425.226
22 KALIMANTAN SELATAN 3.805.002
23 KALIMANTAN TIMUR 3.908.560
24 SULAWESI UTARA 2.559.223
25 SULAWESI TENGAH 2.795.470
26 SULAWESI SELATAN 9.414.387
27 SULAWESI TENGGARA 2.482.921
28 GORONTALO 1.132.510
29 SULAWESI BARAT 1.514.837
30 MALUKU 1.785.652
31 MALUKU UTARA 1.239.677
32 PAPUA 3.847.747
33 PAPUA BARAT 1.060.142
TOTAL 253.602.815
Source: Directorate General of Population and Civil Registration, December 2013
Based on demographic composition according to the age group
proportion, it can be identified that the biggest number of population based on age
group is between 30 to 34 years old, meanwhile the smallest number of population
base on age group is 75 years old or more. List of Indonesian population based on
the age group can be seen in the table 2 below:
Table 2
List of Indonesian Population based on the Age Group
AGE GROUP
NUMBER OF POPULATION
00-04 11.396.704
05-09 18.720.081
10-14 20.263.081
15-19 21.090.244
20-24 23.875.868
25-29 24.129.396
30-34 25.315.605
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
51
35-39 22.313.205
40-44 20.499.846
45-49 17.400.005
50-54 14.679.645
55-59 11.265.885
60-64 8.260.826
65-69 5.357.557
70-74 4.269.841
> 75 4.765.026
TOTAL 253.602.815
Source: Directorate General of Population and Civil Registration, December 2013
According to the demographic data based on proportion age group,
population data of productive or working age group (between 15 and 64 year old)
is 188.830.525 people (74.46 % of all population). It means that Indonesia will
face what so called, “Demographic Bonus”, a condition when the number of
productive age will reach the highest level compare to elderly and children people.
This condition is predicted will occure by many experts in 2020-2030.
Demographic bonus on one hand could be opportunities and on the other hand
could be threats. Huge number of productive age group could be an advantage for
development, however it could also be a disaster if it not anticipates with huge
number of job opportunities or if that huge human resources have no
competitiveness. Therefore, this golden opportunity should be prepared as good as
possible. In related to population database utilization that would increase labor
efficiency, it is very necessary to anticipate with more employment opportunities
in other sectors with purpose to optimize demographic bonus and at the same
time, provide workforce as consequence of workforce efficiency due to utilization
of population database by institution-users
2. Research Results
a. From analysis and examination of variable “Effectiveness of Population
database utilization (X1)” and variable “Public Service Quality (Y)”, it can
be concluded as follow:
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
52
1) There is a correlation between Effectiveness of population database
utilization (X1) and Public Service Quality (Y).
2) Effectiveness of Population database utilization (X1) gives
contribution as much as 14. 8 % against Public Service Quality (Y)
3) Effectiveness of Population database utilization (X1) gives significant
effect against Public Service Quality (Y). The Effect of Effectiveness
on Population database utilization (X1) against Public Service Quality
(Y) shall be positive effect, therefore, when the effectiveness of the
database population utilization is higher, the quality of public services
will be higher accordingly.
The testing results of the effects were consistent with the opinion of
Zeithaml et al (1990) that one of the indicators of customer satisfaction is
responsiveness where one of its elements is accuracy. In this study, the
effectiveness (accuracy) produced positive effect on the quality of public
services.
b. From analysis and examination of variable “Efficiency of Population
database utilization (X2)” and variable “Public Service Quality (Y)”, it can
be concluded as follow:
1) Efficiency of Population database utilization (X2) has correlation
Public Service Quality (Y) variable.
2) Efficiency of Population Database (X2) Utilization gives a
contribution of 13.9% to Quality of Public Services (Y).
3) Efficiency of Population database utilization (X2) gives significant
effect against Public Service Quality (Y). The Effect of Efficiency on
Population database utilization (X2) against Public Service Quality (Y)
shall be positive effect, therefore, when the Efficiency of the database
population utilization is higher, the quality of public services will be
higher accordingly.
The testing results of the effects were also consistent with the opinion of
Zeithaml et al (1990) that one of the indicators of customer satisfaction is
responsiveness where one of its elements is speed. In this study, the time
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
53
efficiency (speed) produced positive effect on the quality of public
services.
c. From analysis and examination of variable “Effectiveness of Population
database utilization (X1)” and variable “Efficiency of Population database
utilization (X2) and variable “Public Service Quality (Y)”, it can be
concluded as follow:
1) Effectiveness of Population Database Utilization (X1) and Efficiency
of Population Database Utilization (X2) have correlation
simultaneously to the quality of public services (Y).
2) Effectiveness of Population Database Utilization (X1) and Efficiency
of Population Database Utilization (X2) simultaneously give
contribution as much as 23.8% to the Quality of Public Service (Y).
3) Effectiveness of Population Database Utilization (X1) and Efficiency
of Population Database Utilization (X2) simultaneously gives
significant contribution to the the Quality of Public Service (Y).
The Influence of “Effectiveness of Population database utilization (X1)”
and “Efficiency of Population database utilization (X2)” contribute
positive correlation simultaneously to the Public Service Quality (Y),
therefore, the more effective and efficient of population database
utilization, the higher increasing of public service quality.
The testing results of the effects of the effectiveness and efficiency were
consistent with the opinion of Zeithaml et al (1990) that one of the
indicators of customer satisfaction is responsiveness where the elements
are accuracy and speed. In this study, the effectiveness (accuracy) and the
time efficiency (speed) simultaneously generated positive effect on the
quality of public services.
d. Referring to the Strategy Managemen Model (Wheelen & Hunger cited in
Suradinata, 2012), and concerning to the unswer as well as point of views
of respondents plus concerning condition from institution-user of
population database, then the writer could create a strategy model in
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
54
increasing public service quality by population database utilization as
shown below.
Figure 2 Strategy Model of Population Database Utilization
CONCLUSION
From the research, “The Influence of Effectiveness, Efficiency and
Population Database Utilization Strategy on Quality of Public Service in
Indonesia”, it can be concluded as below:
External : Users
Comitment
Advanced IT system
HRD
Facility &
infrastructure
ENVIRONMENTAL
MAPPING: Information Gathering
STRATEGY FORMULATION : Developing a long-term plan
STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION:
Putting Strategy
Into Activity
EVALUATION
AND CONTROL: Performance
Monitoring
Internal : Administrator
Comitment Accurate population
data Advanced IT
system HRD
Facility &
Infrastructure
Feedback/Learning : Perform necessary improvement
Mision
Service
quality Effectiveness
Efficiency
Objective
Strategy
Utilizatio
n of
populatio
n
database
with
SIAK by
administr
ators and
system
integrated
with
SIAK by
users
Policy
Law No.23 of 2006, Law No.24 of 2013, presidential regulation & regulation of ministry of home affairs
Program
Update of
population
data, NIN, e-IC,
Fingerprints,
Eye iris,
System, HRD, Facility &
Infrastructure
s
Administr
ator
budget,
Users’
budget,
Population
Data
Utilization
Budget
MoU, PKS & Internal
and Exter-
nal
Technic
al Team
Procedure
perfor
mance
STRATEGY MODEL IN IMPROVING PUBLIC SERVICES QUALITY
THROUGH UTILIZATION OF POPULATION DATABASE
Effectiveness and
Efficiency
Service
Quality
Journal of New Government Paradigm Volume 2, 2014
55
1. The effectiveness of population database utilization (X1) has correlation and
effect on quality of public services with contribution 14.8 % improvement on
quality of public services (Y).
2. The efficiency of population database utilization (X2) has correlation and
effect on quality of public services with contribution 13.9 % improvement on
quality of public services (Y).
3. The effectiveness and efficiency of population database utilization has
correlation and effect on quality of public services with contribution 23.8 %
improvement on quality of public services.
4. Strategy Model has been develoved and confirmable from this research is
Strategy Model of Population Database Utilization in Increasing Quality of
Public Services as describe in figure 3.
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Wheelen, Thomas L dan Hunger, J. David. 2012. Strategic Management and
business Policy : toward global sustainability. New Jersey : Pearson
Education, Inc.
Zeithaml, Valerie A., Parasuraman, A., Berry, Leonard L. 1990. Delivering
Quality Service : balancing customer perceptions and expectations.
Newyork : The Free Press.
B. GOVERNMENT LAWS AND REGULATIONS:
Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2007 tentang Rencana Pembangunan Jangka
Panjang Nasional Tahun 2005 Sampai 2025.
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 24 Tahun 2013 tentang Perubahan
Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi
Kependudukan.
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi
Kependudukan.
Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 102 Tahun 2012 tentang
Perubahan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 37 Tahun 2007 tentang
Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi
Kependudukan.
Peraturan Presiden Nomor 25 Tahun 2008 tentang Persyaratan dan Tata Cara
Pendaftaran Penduduk dan Pencatatan Sipil.
Peraturan Presiden Nomor 81 Tahun 2010 tentang Grand Design Reformasi
Birokrasi 2010 – 2025.