Abstracts

1. Structural Changes of the Current Economic Behaviour Authors: Cristina Bălăceanu, Diana Apostol, Valentina Zaharia Abstract: As a consequence of the economic and financial crisis started in mid-2007, which created conditions for

the resurgence in the state economy on the positions of direct players, reveals not only the increased role of the state, but also the shift towards the national state, protecting national interests complementary to the globalization process, revitalization of national elites, as exponents of local culture, perfected through direct access to universal values, thanks to globalization. In this context, orientation towards economic and social consensus becomes a catalyst for changes inherent in the behaviour of markets and also of economic agents.

Keywords: Financial economic crisis, financial regulations, economic cycle, stability JEL Codes: E60 Pages: 11-19 2. The Effect of Financial Management Knowledge, Competence and Supervision Act of the Government’s

Internal Control Officer on the Quality of Government’s Performance Accountability Report Evaluation Authors: Mulia Saputra, Darwanis, Sonny Maria M. Hutahaean Abstract: This study aims to determine effect of financial management knowledge, competence and supervision

of the internal control official act of government (either simultaneously or partially) on the quality evaluation of performance accountability reports of government agencies (BPKP Representative Studies in Aceh Province). This study is hypothesis testing research by testing using multiple linear regressions of the data collected through questionnaires. This population is 71 auditors Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP) on BPKP Representative in Aceh province. Data analysis was performed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science). The results showed that the financial management knowledge, competence and supervision of the actions of Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus take effect simultaneously and partially on the quality of evaluations Accountability Report Government Performance.

Keywords: Management of financial management, competency, action supervision government internal supervisory apparatus, quality evaluation accountability report government performance

JEL Codes: M41, G31 Pages: 20-31 3. Evolution of Real Earnings to Residents` Deposits According to Maturity during the Period 2011-2015.

Study Case Romania vs. Turkey Author: Mirela Cătălina Türkeș Abstract: This article is analyzing the evolution of real earnings obtained by the credit institutions in Romania and

Turkey during the period 2011-2015 based on the reports submitted by the credit institutions according to the legal provisions in each country. The results of this analysis pointed out an increase of 12.87% of the real earnings coming from the term deposits granted to the residents in Turkey during the period 2011-2015 following a national policy of encouraging the process of savings in national currency. During the same period, the real earnings coming from term deposits granted to the residents had a slow increase of 8.12% due to the using by the credit institutions in Romania of an extremely low interest rate.

Keywords: Resident deposit, comparison analysis, Romania, Turkey, interest rate JEL Codes: M31, G21 Pages: 32-42 4. Factors Affecting Duty on Acquisition of Rights to Land and Building (BPHTB) with Economic Growth

as the Mediating Variable in Indonesia Authors: Syarief Fauzie Abstract: The objective of the research was to analyze and determine the influential factors towards Duty on

Acquisition of Rights to Land and Building (BPHTB) in North Sumatra, Indonesia, with economic growth as the Mediating Variable. The type of this research is causal design to analyze the relationship between one variable to another variable. The dependent variable is BPHTB, whilst the independent variables are Land and Building Tax (PBB), Total Area, Total Population and Inflation. Mediating variables is the economic growth proxies by Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB). The model of data analysis used is Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The population in the present research is the Regencies/Cities located in North Sumatra Province. The total population used in this research is 33 Regencies/ Cities with the selected samples amounted to 25 Regencies/Cities with the sampling technique use purposive sampling method. The testing concludes factors, such as PBB, Total Population and Inflation have influence

on Duty on Acquisition of Rights to BPHTB. Total area has no significant influence on BPHTB. The Economic Growth serves as Mediating Variable upon the relationship between Land and Building Tax, Total Population and Inflation on BPHTB in North Sumatra, Indonesia.

Keywords: Tax on acquisition of land and building, land and building tax, total area, total population and inflation JEL Codes: E62 Pages: 43-58

5. Organization and Modernization of Management within the National Fiscal Administration Agency in View of Preventing and Fighting Tax Evasion

Author: Sorin Adrian Ciupitu Abstract: Modernization of the fiscal administration was necessary for the growth of consumers' trust in this

institution. This trust can be won only when the population, who pays taxes and fees in this country, will remark that an institution as ANAF spends less every year regarding tax collection and cuts tax evasion. Both natural persons and legal entities desire to see transparency regarding income administration, service development and simplification of the means to file fiscal statements. The services offered to tax payers have to be of high quality and professionalism with equal and indiscriminate treatment.

Keywords: Management, public administration, taxes, fees, collection, budget JEL Codes: H26, E62 Pages: 59-75 6. Factors Which Influenced the Success of the Implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Home

Affairs Number 59 of 2007 in North Sumatera Provincial Government Authors: Amar Rinanda Lubis, Erlina, Zainul Bahri Torong Abstract: This study aimed to test empirically and analyze the influence of regulation, commitment, human

resources and supporting devices to the successful implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs No.59 Year 2007. Population in this study is SKPD Officer of North Sumatra Province (108 people) which was sampled for 93 people. Simultaneous F test and partial t test were used to studies effects of regulation, commitment, human resources and supporting facilities to the successful implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs No. 59, year 2007. These results prove that the regulation, commitment, human resources and supporting devices simultaneously influenced the successful implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs No. 59 Year 2007. In partial, regulation, commitment and human resources affected successful implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs No. 59 Year 2007, while the supporting facilities did not have an effect. These results showed that 48% variations of successful implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs No.59 Year 2007, depended on variable of regulation, commitment, human resources and supporting facilities and the remaining 52% depended on other uninvestigated variables.

Keywords: Regional financial management, budget planning, budget formulation, budget execution and reporting, financial reports of SKPD

JEL Codes: M41, H83 Pages: 76-87 7. The Pricing Evolution in the Air Transportation Industry. Implication for the Romanian Tourism Sector in

the Era of Globalization Author: Andreea Marin-Pantelescu Abstract: The globalization process involves the liberalization of the services and the air transportation industry is

responsive to this reality. There is a developing tendency for global alliances and strategies in major airline companies. The globalization implies extending service networks in the whole world. Currently we are witnessing lower prices for domestic and foreign airline flights with benefits for the tourists’ business and leisure activities. The last minute offers and early booking prices provide a win-win situation, for the airline companies on one side and for the customers on the other side. The positive online reviews influence people buying decision because customers are more sensitive than ever to the services prices. Under this condition it is very interesting to see the evolution of pricing in the air transportation industry and the implication for the Romanian tourism sector.

Keywords: Air transportation, price in air transport, ticketing JEL Codes: Z32 Pages: 88-99

8. Benchmarketing - Fashionable Term Concerning Traditional Processes Authors: Mircea Udrescu, Alina Gheorghe Abstract: Marketing is a major factor to boost the competitiveness of the firm in an environment which is more and

more turbulent. It centers the company’s management as being the ideal satisfaction of the current and potential

consumer. This is why, in our conception, the marketing’s management represents a subsystem of the company’s’ general management by which shall be administered to specific activities, and also designed to contour the company’s’ activity object. In this article, the intent is to highlight the fact that the benchmarketing has come loose from cultivating the traditional process to the innovative organizational culture product. In this paper, the authors consider benchmarketing as a process of qualitative organizational culture adaptation to market requirements, depending on the context, so as to ensure the improvement of the economic criteria of appreciation of the business lucrative activities. Based on direct observations concerning small firms, followed by analysis, comparison and synthesis, the authors suggest taking into consideration the theoretical and practical benchmarketings’ approach, as being the current strategy of acquiring and cultivating excellence, as initiation philosophy and business development.

Keywords: Management, marketing, benchmarketing, demand, offer, needs, wishes, firm JEL Codes: D40, D46, M14, M16, M31, M37 Pages: 100-113 9. Monitoring the International Monetary System: Its Development in the West, and Future in the East Author: Todd J. Barry Abstract: The “gold standard” is frequently mentioned in text books, but few without an economics background

can fully understand it. This paper thus begins in 1896, when U.S. Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan declared, “You shall not crucify mankind on a cross of gold.” Since going back to the middle ages, the world has had numerous monetary systems, which are here explained in comprehensible terms. A modern reoccurring idea is to return to some form of the gold standard, while some argue for switching to the Chinese yuan or another international reserve currency, which the International Monetary Fund (IMF) will adopt in their Special Drawing Rights starting in October, 2016. This paper is normative in that it comments on the current international structure, but uses economic principles to support its argument in favor of an internationally strong dollar. It thus traces the history of a topically contentious subject, with a basic regression indicating important predictive factors for the future. It offers that a new gold standard would not be in the world’s interest, interfering with monetary policy, while emerging market countries would be best to import more and financially deepen, which the regression shows was why the Chinese yuan was adopted by the IMF, then looking ahead to other parts of Asia and towards bitcoins.

Keywords: Gold standard, International Monetary System, reserve currency, special drawing rights, Chinese yuan JEL Codes: A20, F02, F33, N10 Pages: 114-133 10. The Use of Multivariate Techniques for the Unemployment Analysis Author: Elena Bugudui Abstract: The present paper includes the results of an analysis of different aspects which influence the

unemployment evolution in Romania; the analysis was conducted using exploratory multidimensional techniques such as Principal Component Analysis, Factor Analysis and Cluster Analysis. The present research aims to extend the comprehension of the labor market state, offering a formula which reflects the unemployment multidimensionality, the simultaneous action of more factors and establish a framework for the evaluation of the labor market conditions. There are presented different typologies of unemployment, extracted according to the level of education, the unemployment duration and gender for the period 1996-2014 for four age groups. The analysis highlights the specific behavior of the young generation and also of the generation over 50 years.

Key words: Unemployment, principal component analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, multivariate analysis JEL Codes: C33, C54, J21, J70 Pages: 134-146 11. Does the Budget Expenditure Composition Matter for Long-Run Economic Growth in a Resource Rich

Country? Evidence from Azerbaijan Authors: Khatai Aliyev, Ceyhun Mikayilov Abstract: This study investigates the role of budget expenditure composition over Azerbaijan’s non-oil economic

growth in the long-run by classifying public spending as capital, social and other expenditures. Authors’ employ ARDLBT approach to co-integration for the period of 2000Q1-2014Q4 to estimate long-run contribution of each spending category before-and-after the oil boom while controlling for oil-related factors. Empirical results endorse the validity of long-run association among variables. Results concluded insignificant negative impact of capital expenditures, and significant negative impact of other expenditures. However, social spending has statistically and economically strong positive impact over the non-oil output growth. Therefore, research findings confirm that public expenditure composition significantly matters for long-run non-oil economic growth, and social expenditures have the greater positive impact in a resource-rich economy, Azerbaijan. Research results are highly useful for the government officials to consider while planning the expenditures in order to minimize negative response of non-oil sector to the fiscal contraction.

Key words: Fiscal policy, public expenditure composition, non-oil economic growth, Azerbaijan JEL Codes: E62 Pages: 147-168 12. Challenges of the Audit Profession in the Globalization Era Authors: Victor Munteanu, Mihaela Cornelia Berechet (Dragnea) Abstract: Massive unprecedented changes, that best describe this era, are affecting the accountant and auditor

profession, as well as the global business environment. The traditional role of the financial auditor will change, but if it will adapt and provide new services, may become a trusted councillor for its clients. The way financial auditors approach future tendencies will shape the destiny of the accountant and auditor profession. Financial auditors must understand innovation, to be open towards globalization, to be prepared as human resources that are competing not only nationally but also globally.

Key words: Change, financial auditor, challenges, globalization, change management, E.C. regulation JEL Codes: M42 Pages: 169-178

Table of contents

About Academic Journal of Economic Studies ……………………………………………..…………. 4

Abstracts ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5

Structural Changes of the Current Economic Behaviour

■ Cristina Bălăceanu, Diana Apostol, Valentina Zaharia .......................................................................................................................................................... 11 The Effect of Financial Management Knowledge, Competence and Supervision Act of the Government’s Internal Control Officer on the Quality of Government’s Performance Accountability Report Evaluation ■ Mulia Saputra, Darwanis, Sonny Maria M. Hutahaean ........................................................................................................................................................... 20 Evolution of Real Earnings to Residents` Deposits According to Maturity during the Period 2011-2015. Study Case Romania vs. Turkey ■ Mirela Cătălina Türkeș ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 Factors Affecting Duty on Acquisition of Rights to Land and Building (BPHTB) with Economic Growth as the Mediating Variable in Indonesia ■ Syarief Fauzie ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 43 Organization and Modernization of Management within the National Fiscal Administration Agency in View of Preventing and Fighting Tax Evasion ■ Sorin Adrian Ciupitu................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 59 Factors Which Influenced the Success of the Implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 59 of 2007 in North Sumatera Provincial Government ■ Amar Rinanda Lubis, Erlina, Zainul Bahri Torong .................................................................................................................................................................. 76 The Pricing Evolution in the Air Transportation Industry. Implication for the Romanian Tourism Sector in the Era of Globalization ■ Andreea Marin-Pantelescu ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 88 Benchmarketing - Fashionable Term Concerning Traditional Processes ■ Mircea Udrescu, Alina Gheorghe .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 100 Monitoring the International Monetary System: Its Development in the West, and Future in the East ■ Todd J. Barry .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 114 The Use of Multivariate Techniques for the Unemployment Analysis ■ Elena Bugudui ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 134 Does the Budget Expenditure Composition Matter for Long-Run Economic Growth in a Resource Rich Country? Evidence from Azerbaijan ■ Khatai Aliyev, Ceyhun Mikayilov .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 147 Challenges of the Audit Profession in the Globalization Era ■ Victor Munteanu, Mihaela Cornelia Berechet (Dragnea) ........................................................................................................................................................ 169