accelerating innovation and investment microgrids: engaging the customer
TRANSCRIPT
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Power System Slow to Change
– CCCT/CHP– Wind
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 20100
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
GreenCoalGasCarbon
Generation, million MWh
Carbon, billion mtons
Energy Information Association
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Improve Competitiveness of Cities by Eliminating Waste
Waste Type Performance Wasted $, Billions
Wasted Fuel 35% Efficiency ~ $70Market Inefficiency ~ 2₵/kWh ~ $100 Outages/Repair SAIDI 2 hrs. ~ $150
Emissions Cost High CO2, SO2, NOx, HAP ~ $70
Total Waste ~$400 or 8¢/kWh
PPI Report, Grid Modernization: The Case for Empowering Consumers, Communities, and Utiltieis
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The Pursuit of Perfection or Perfect Power
“The pursuit of new measures and perfection changes your perspective, revealing gaps in performance that were hidden; thereby enabling innovation and levels of performance not before thought possible.”
– Bob Galvin, Founder of the Galvin Electricity Initiative and Perfect Power Institute, former CEO and Chairman, Motorola, Inc.
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5
Reading the World
• Technology• Policy• Economics• Demographics
Learning will inspire you:• Fifth Discipline• Environmental Engineering• America’s Founding Secret• The Idea of Ideas• Made to Stick
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Perfect Power Transformation
Area SubstationLocal Substation
Central Power
Transmission
Area Substation
Smart Switch
Renewable, CHPClean DGBackup/DR
Natural Gas
Smart Switch
Microgrid
2
8
Home Automation
Advanced Meter
Energy Management System
TV, Router, Cable Box
Internet/Cloud
Mobile Devices
Applications
Backup, CHP, Solar, UPS
Smart Switch
Smart Loop
Smart Meter
10 MW
IIT Microgrid Prototype Minigrids in a microgrid
Smart Switch
Loops
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New Products and Services
• Core power and thermal• Distribution of power and thermal• Automation and intelligence
– Distribution/substations– Buildings
• Loops, smart switches, self-healing, physical protection, cyber security
• Smart meters and intelligent aps• Master controller, intelligent monitor, trend
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Utility is at the Heart of the Future Grid
Entrepreneurs
Customer
Microgrids/ Power Refiners
Power Suppliers
DistributionUtility
Private Invest
Rate Payer Invest
Local Government
Utility InvestmentHow will reliability be improved?
SUB
NeighborhoodWiring
Substation
Circuit 1
Circuit 2
Feeder138 or 34.5 kV
X
SUB
NeighborhoodCircuits
Substation
Circuit 1
Circuit 2
Feeder138 or 34.5 kV
XSmart
Switches
Smart Switches
After-Self Healing
SUB
Before
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Role of Private Investment• Power suppliers
– Carbon free power– Financed solar– Financed back-up generators tied to real-time
• Entrepreneurs– Home automation for demand response and EE– Financed permanent EE– Virtual home inspection and failure detection
• Microgrids– Ice storage for load shifting– Power quality refining– Island capability
Strategies and TechnologyGE New CCCT – 60% Efficient
GE FlexEfficiency* 50 Combined Cycle Power Planthttp://www.ge-energy.com/products_and_services/products/gas_turbines_heavy_duty/flexefficiency_50_combined_cycle_power_plant.jsp
MARIN ENERGY AUTHORITY POWER CONTENT LABEL
RESOURCES MEA 2008 CA Eligible Renewable 27% 2% Large Hydroelectric 46% 18% Natural Gas 12% 42% Coal 10% 33% Nuclear 1% 5% Other 3% 0%TOTAL 100% 100%
Wind5%
Nuc.60%
Hydro35%
IIT Power MixNo Carbon
Private InvestmentPower Supplier
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Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) Units
• 60 seconds ride through• Eliminates 99% of all
power quality issues• 98% energy-efficient
Backup Gen
Private InvestmentMicrogrid - Princeton University
Base-load Tri-generation and district energy (in lieu of boiler)
Base-load Procurement
On-peak tri-gen
Number of hours at the demand level
Elect. Storage
Ice Storage
DR
Gas Gen
5
10
25
30
35
40
20
15
8760
Solar
On-peak Procurement
MW
25
8,7604,000500
Demand/ Price
$/Mwh
# of Hours at the Demand Level
Flatten the Curve – Lower Prices and Need for New Capacity
• Demand Response• Price Transparency• Ancillary Service Payments
• Price Transparency• Electric Vehicles
PJM secures 11 GW in DR and capacity auctions
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Microgrid Services?
• Conserve to save money and energy• Flatten load curve to lower costs for everyone
– Leveraging technology
• Provide grid services in return for payments– Demand response, voltage support, VAR’s, capacity
• Install cleaner more efficient power to meet peek demand
• Recycle waste heat to generate power as a (turbine in lieu of a boiler)
• Improve local reliability and power quality
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Add 2,000 MW by 2016
• Institutional/Campus • Muni/Utility Community
– Poor reliability pockets – Japan, Connecticut, Developing Countries
• Military• Remote/Off Grid• Commercial/Industrial
– Big Data – Google
• Developments/Planned Community• Virtual microgrids
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Role of Private Investment• Power suppliers
– Carbon free power– Financed solar– Financed back-up generators tied to real-time
• Entrepreneurs– Home automation for demand response and EE– Financed permanent EE– Virtual home inspection and failure detection
• Microgrids– Ice storage for load shifting– Power quality refining– Island capability