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Accelerator Science and Beyond

Talk to prospective students

Presented by Prof Ken Peach

Director: Prof Andrei Seryi

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The fraction of the Nobel prizes in Physics directly connected to accelerators is about 30%

Accelerators: high energy physics, nuclear physics, healthcare, security, energy, life science, novel materials, industry, …

All products that are processed, treated, or inspected by particle beams have a collective annual value of more than $500B

Tens of millions of patients receive accelerator-based diagnoses and treatment each year in hospitals and clinics around the world

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for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles,

and which recently was confirmed through the discovery

of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large

Hadron Collider

4Consideration of use

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Niels Bohr

Thomas Edison

Louis PasteurAccelerator Sci &Tech span the

entire range of “Pasteur Quadrant”

What is JAI

The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science is a centre of excellence in the UK for advanced and novel accelerator technology, created in 2004 to foster accelerator R&D in the universities

JAI is based on 3 universities: University of Oxford and RHUL initially, with Imperial College joining JAI in 2011

JAI scale: ~25 academic professorial staff, ~15 research staff, ~10 affiliates, ~35 post-grad students, ~6-10 PhD/year in Acc. science

Sir John Adams (24 May 1920 - 3 March 1984) was the 'father' of the giant particle accelerators which have made CERN the leader in the field of high energy physics. John Adams worked at the UK Atomic Energy Research establishment on design & construction of a 180 MeV synchro-cyclotron. He then came to CERN in 1953 & was appointed director of the PS division in 1954. In 1961-66 Adams worked as director of the UK Culham Fusion Lab. In 1971 he returned to CERN and served until 1975 as Director-General of then called Laboratory II, responsible for the design & construction of the SPS. From 1976-80 he was executive DG of CERN and instrumental in approval of LEP. John Adams was a foreign member of Russian Academy of Science. On the photo above Adams announcing that CERN just passed the Dubna’s Synchrophasotron world record of 10GeV.http://www.adams-institute.ac.uk

within the UK SciTech ecosystem

Daresbury Science & Innovation Campus

ISIS neutron source

Rutherford Lab & Harwell-Oxford Innovation campus

Diamond Light Source

Central Laser Facility

Accelerator Science &Technology Centre

is part of the world's most highly-regarded university fostered innovation ecosystem

Research & EnterpriseRAL CLF Diamond

ISISDL ASTeC

JAI Faculty

George Doucas Brian Foster

Ken Peach Chris Prior Armin Reichold

Andrei Seryi

Simon Hooker

Bucker DangorStewart Boogert Phil Burrows John Cobb

Ted Wilson

Riccardo Bartolini

Pavel Karataev

Roman WalczakGlenn Christian

Emmanuel TsesmelisBleddyn Jones

CER

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Stuart Mangles Steve Rose Zulfikar Najmudin Ken Long Ivan Konoplev

Stephen Gibson

Also : JAI Academic and Industrial Affiliates (not shown)

Mike Partridge

Research FacilitatorSteve Myers

Peter Norreys

Michele Warren

JAI research directions

Enabling accelerator techniques for

scientific, medical and energy applications

Next generation compact light sources

and laser-plasma acceleration FEL

Advanced accelerator instrumentation,

diagnostics and devices

A Centre of Excellence in the UK for advanced and novel accelerator technology, providing expertise, research, development and training in accelerator techniques, and promoting advanced accelerator applications in science and society

John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science

Particle physics

Life science

Imaging of molecules

Novel materials

Industry

Cancer therapy

Advanced feedbacks

Novel lasers

• Far-Infrared Coherent Radiation – CSR, CDR for beam diagnostics– Soft-X ray and microwave source based on

Thomson scattering of CDR• Nano-resolution BPM

– C, S-band (~100nm resol.)– Special ~nm resolution

• Coherent Smith-Purcell radiation– Longitudinal diagnostics –extending to fs range

• Laser – wire• Ultra-fast nanosecond feedback

Smith-Purcell diagnostics instrumentation

Laser wire

directions: Advanced Beam Instrumentation

LUXC, jointly with KEK

• 3rd Gen Light Sources• Future 4th Gen Light Source design• ISIS & ESS neutron sources• Neutrino Factory / m-cooling• Accelerators for cancer therapy• Ion sources• LHC upgrade• Linear Colliders

directions: Enabling Acc. Techniques

→ Compact X-ray light sources based on laser-plasma acceln

→ Aim to develop practical applications

Project developed in collaboration with science centres in UK and worldwide

Rapid progress in beam energy achieved with laser-plasma acceleration shows that the synergy of accelerators, laser and plasma is revolutionizing the field of

accelerator science

1GeV acceleration in just 3cm of plasmaW. Leemans, B. Nagler, A. Gonsalves, C. Toth, K. Nakamura, C. Geddes, E. Esarey, C. B.Schroeder, & S. Hooker, Nature Physics 2006

Simulation of laser-plasma acceleration

directions: Laser-Plasma Acceleration

Laser Plasma accelerator

Modern synchrotrons (light sources) are big machines (several 100s meters).

Similar electron energies can be reached in a much more compact accelerator using the “wake” created by a laser in a gas jet.

This could be used to build an accelerator compact enough to fit in several tens of meters space but powerful enough to be used as a light source (Free Electron Laser).

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Advanced light sources

Joint efforts of laser-plasma experts with Simon Hooker's group in Atomic and Laser Physics (

http://www.physics.ox.ac.uk/users/hooker/) & JAI provide a strong interdisciplinary environment

Simon Hooker

Riccardo Bartolini

Join work of Diamond Light Source and JAI on conventional and laser-

plasma based light sources

S. M. Hooker, et al, Nature Physics 2, 696 - 699 (2006)

Laser plasma acceleration

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To excite plasma oscillations: instead of a single extremely high intensity laser pulse, use a train of lower intensity pulses; works theoretically, let’s try it experimentally! If it works - tabletop lasers for plasma accelerators, rather than national scale facilities. Cutting edge research at the forefront of laser technology and accelerator science at JAITalk to:Laura Corner and Roman Walczak.

http://www.adams-institute.ac.uk/l4a

For a student with an interest in synergy of accelerator, laser and plasma science

Roman WalczakLaura Corner

FONT: Feedback On Nanosecond Timescales •Accelerator R&D for electron-positron Linear Collider •‘Higgs Factory’

• Selected site Japan

CERN

Making electron and positron beams hit one another at the Linear Collider

e-

e+

Ground vibrations cause beams tomiss one another

Measure beam position

Kick beam back into collision

Feedbackcircuit

FONT: Feedback On Nanosecond Timescales •Philip Burrows•Colin Perry •Glenn Christian •Young Im Kim

•Current students:•Douglas Bett•Alexander Gerbershagen•Michael Davis•Neven Blaskovic•Jack Roberts

•Contact:•p.burrows@physics.ox.ac.uk

FONT team at ATF beamline in Japan

New student will work with the team to:Design and build feedbackhardware

Install in beamlines atKEK (Japan) & CERN

Experimental testswith electron beams

Analyse data

Ivan Konoplev

Advanced RF generation and EM diagnostics

Advanced electromagnetic design for generation of EM radiation, diagnostics of beam, creation of sci & tech applications

Contour plots of electric and magnetic fields excited by the pump wave inside cylindrical 2D periodic structure

MICE & Neutrino Factory Development

To understand Neutrino Flavour Oscillations build a Neutrino Factory Intense neutrino beams Distant detectors Observe CP violationTo reach the Energy Frontier build a Multi-TeV Muon Collider

Both require ‘cooled’ muon beams ‘MICE’ COOLING DEMONSTRATION

Neutrino

Factory

Muon Collider

John Cobb

Victoria Blackmore

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Synchrotron – present technology

• Charged Particles like Protons and Light Ions can kill cancer with less damage to healthy tissue than conventional radiotherapy

• Areas of research on the boundary of: – Accelerator physics: new concepts

in accelerator design– Detector physics: new ways to

diagnose, reducing dose– Bio-medicine: more precise

treatment planning

Particle Therapy Cancer Research Inst. & Gray Inst.

http://www.ptcri.ox.ac.uk/Ken Peach Clair Timlin Mike Partridge

STFC-CASE studentshipDevelopment and applications of

Frequency Scanning Interferometry in Accelerator Science

sponsored by the National Physical Laboratory

• The AMULET group– Armin Reichold– John Dale post-doc– Patrick Brockill post-doc– Andrew Lancaster grad stud

• Who we work with– NPL co-ordinate metrology group

• develop absolute distance measurement technology• push the boundary on long distance measurements

– ORC: Nano fibre based saturated absorption spectroscopy– SLAC: LCLS-II undulator development– CERN: CLIC accelerator and detector alignment – ETALON AA: commercialise our technology for industrial

applications

test undulator with FSI interferometers at SLAC 20m measurements at NPL

1 μm

mean = 4.6 nm/msigma = 180 nm/m

world record 20m absolute!deep sub-micron drift resolution Highlights

AMULET: Armin & Patrick

For JAI topics, talk to:Resonant laser-plasma: Laura & Roman

Fast Feedback: Phil & Glenn

Light Sources: Riccardo & Simon

Advanced RF and EM

Muons: John & Victoria

Particle therapy: Ken & Claire

Helmholtz Virtual Institute

Helmholtz Virtual Institute for Plasma Wakefield Acceleration

Proton plasma wakefield

• Plasma Sources: (Imperial)0.36 Torr: n0 ≈ 1.2×1016 cm-3

n*/n0 ≈ 10-6

1 m

• Z. Najmudin, Peter Norreys, Phil Burrows (ICL & OX)

Phil Burrows Peter Norreys

Gears invented by humans?

Insects are using gears for millions of years!Interacting Gears Synchronize Propulsive Leg Movements in a Jumping Insect, Science, 13 Sep 2013, M.Burrows, G.Sutton

Accelerator science is also attractive because…• You will invent and will learn to do this efficiently, inspired by history

of great inventions in accelerators and by the nature itself

DNA

Muon Collider cooling channel

• Whether you are more inclined towards theory, or hardware development, or simulations, there are tasks that will interest you

• Knowledge gained and developed has connections and applicable to surprisingly remote disciplines

From stock market predictions

to

Planetary motions

Accelerator science is also attractive because…

• Our alumni are in high demand and working in great places

… in summary

• Accelerators are– interesting– challenging– important– useful

and fun too!a great way to see the world

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