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ACIDS AND BASES… WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE?

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Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?. Acid vs Base. Acidic Solutions-contain more hydrogen ions (H + ) than hydroxide ions (OH - ) Basic solutions contain more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions. Water=Neutral. There are equal amounts of hydrogen ions as hydroxide ions - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?

ACIDS AND BASES…WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE?

Page 2: Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?

Acid vs BaseAcidic Solutions-contain more hydrogen ions (H+) than hydroxide ions (OH-)

Basic solutions contain more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions

Page 3: Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?

Water=NeutralThere are equal amounts of hydrogen ions as hydroxide ions

Note: H3O+ is the same as H+

Page 4: Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?

Arrhenius AcidA substance ionizes and produces hydrogen ions

Page 5: Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?

Arrhenius BaseA substance that ionizes to produce hydroxide ions

Page 6: Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?

Brønsted-Lowry AcidAn acid is something that donates a hydrogen

An acid is something that accepts a hydrogen

Page 7: Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?

Brønsted-Lowry Acid

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=L3-QtWwhTkGcqM&tbnid=NkFE2D4fJHBp9M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flatworldknowledge.com%2Fnode%2F421660&ei=DBJbUevDLYiUrgHX1YGoDA&bvm=bv.44697112,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNHrEEcs4vuw5e9SkpU-qLkObLiSHQ&ust=1365009251942085
Page 8: Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?

Brønsted-Lowry Conjugate Acids and Bases

Conjugate Acid: the species produced when a base accepts a hydrogen

Conjugate Base: the species produced when an acid donates a base

Page 9: Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?

Brønsted-Lowry Conjugate Acids and Bases

Page 10: Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?

Brønsted-Lowry Conjugate Acids and Bases

Page 11: Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?

Amphoteric SubstancesWater (and other species) that can act as acids or bases

Page 12: Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?

Identify the conjugate acid/base pairs

Page 13: Acids and Bases…What’s the difference?

Polyprotic AcidsWhen an acid donates more than one hydrogen-one is lost at a time!


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