acronyms, abbreviations and definitions of its … intelligent transport society south africa...

Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions of ITS Systems

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The Intelligent Transport Society South Africa Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions of ITS Systems is brought to you in the interest of shared learning and knowledge transfer by the Intelligent Transport Society South Africa.

ForewordDeciphering the “Alphabet Soup” of AcronymsSouth African-born inventor Elon Musk said “The key test for an acronym is to ask whether it helps or hurts communication.” This ITSSA Acronyms and Definitions of ITS Systems document is brought to you with the aim to help our communication with one another and — to help improve clarity and consistency of meaning and to decipher the alphabet of acronyms in our documentation.

Given the increasing specialisation in the subfields of Intelligent Transport System planning and operations, and the linkages with related fields, the list of acronyms has grown exponentially in the previous few years. This practical reference document is part of the on-going services to our members.

In addition to the technical acronyms we often use, let us also use the non-technical acronym “TODAY” (coined by Kamil Ali) to inspire us, based on its meaning of “Turn On Dreams Abandoned Yesterday”, to focus our collective efforts on “Making Transport Work Smarter for All.”

We have attempted to capture the bulk of the most frequently used acronyms and definitions as a service firstly to our members, and secondly to the broader ITS Industry. The document is presented as a printable PDF version to share with colleagues in the office.

A great word of thanks to the several ITSSA Board and other Members who have contributed to this document.

This edition numbered Version 0 as a base-line document. You are cordially invited to submit additions and/or corrections in order to update the document. Please send your suggestions to [email protected].

PAUL VORSTERCEO: ITS SOUTH AFRICA

Email: [email protected]: www.itssa.org

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AADT Annual Average Daily Traffic

ACC Adaptive Cruise Control

ACE Automated Commercial Environment

ACSA Airports Company South Africa

ADMS Archived Data Management Subsystem

ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

ADT Average Daily Traffic

ADAS Advanced Driver Assistance System

ADRTS Advanced Rural Transportation Systems (ARTS)

ARTS include systems that apply ITS technology to the special needs of rural areas, since these are characterised by a number of attributes, which are different from urban areas, e.g., blind corners, fewer passing lanes, longer distance travel or less supporting infrastructure

ADUS Archived Data User Service

AFC Automated Fare Collection An assortment of components that automate the ticketing process of a public transportation network.

AFC AFC Data Structure

A logical structure of data elements defined by the National Department of Transport (DOT) as an enabler for compliance with the National AFC Regulations.

AFD Architecture Flow Diagram

AHS Automated Highway System

AI Artificial Intelligence

AID Automatic Incident Detection

AMS Arterial Management System

ANPR Automatic Number Plate Recognition

APC Automated Passenger Counting

APIS Automated Parking Information Systems

APE Aggregate Provider Edge

APTMS Advanced Public Transport Management Systems

A system that promotes information sharing, and supports the implementation of ITS within the public transportation environment.

APTS Advanced Public Transportation System

ATC Automatic Train Control

ATC Automatic Train Control, Advanced Transportation Controller

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ATIS Advanced Traveller Information Systems A system that obtains, analyses, and disperses travel related information to assist travellers.

ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode

ATMS Advance Traffic Management System

ATPC Automatic Transit Passenger Counters Similar to (APC) Automated Passenger Counting

ATRaMS Automated Traffic Monitoring System

ATS Automatic Train Stop

AVCS Advanced Vehicle Control Systems Technology systems aiding the driver by providing information, warnings and driving assistance

AVI Automated Vehicle Identification

A system which transmits signals from an on-board tag or transponder to roadside receivers for uses such as electronic toll collection (ETC) and stolen vehicle recovery

AVL Automated Vehicle Location

Vehicle position may be determined either by the vehicle (e.g., through GPS) and relayed to the infrastructure or may be determined directly by the communications infrastructure. The location data can be utilised to determine real time schedule adherence and update the transit system's schedule in real-time.

AVM Automated Vehicle Management or Automated Vending Machine

AVO Automated Vehicle Operation

BIFA Border Information Flow Architecture

BMT Bus, Minibus Taxi

BRT Bus Rapid Transit

A high passenger capacity road-based public transport system that uses buses in an exclusive right-of-way configuration (dedicated lanes), with formal high-capacity stations for boarding and alighting.

CBD Central Business District

C2C Centre to Centre

C2F Centre to Field

CALM Communication Access for Land Mobiles

CCS Corporate Support Services

CCTV Closed-Circuit Television Video cameras transmitting a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors.

CDMA Code Division Multiple Access

CEN Comité Européen de Normalisation European Standardisation Committee

CIT Cash in Transit

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CMA Cape Town Metropolitan Area

CMS Communication Management System

CoCT City of Cape Town

CoE IRPTN IRPTN developed specifically for City of Ekurhuleni

ConOps Concept of Operations document A document describing the characteristics and principles of the proposed IRPTN system.

CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture

CTICC Cape Town International Convention Centre

CVM Card Vending Machines

An electronic machine that is used to disperse a product (smart cards – Contactless EMV & Contactless Single-trip ticket) to a consumer after the appropriate amount of money has been paid, also referred to as a Ticket Vending Machine (TVM).

CVO Commercial Vehicle Operations

CVO address the application of ITS technologies to the special needs of commercial vehicles including automated vehicle identification, location, weigh in-motion, clearance sensing, and record keeping. A major issue in this field is to improve fleet management operations

CVS Commercial Vehicle Subsystem

DATEX Data Exchange

DBOM Design, Build, Operate and Maintain

DMS Dynamic Message Sign

DR Disaster Recovery or Detection Rate

DRC Disaster Recovery Centre

DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communication Standard enabling data transmission at a frequency of 5.8 GHz

DSS Decision Support System

EC European Commission

EFC Electronic Fare Collection

EFT Electronic Funds Transfer

EM eThekwini Municipality

EMM Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality

EMS Emergency Management Services or Emergency Medical Services or Electronic Message Sign

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EMV Europay, MasterCard and Visa

EMV is a global standard for integrated circuit based payment cards and acceptance devices including Card Vending Machines (CVM), Point of Sale (POS) terminals and Automated Teller Machines (ATM), for authenticating credit and debit card payments.

EPP Electronic Parking Payment

EPS Electronic Payment System

ETA eThekwini Transport Authority

ETC Electronic Toll Collection

ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute

EV Electric Vehicle

EVI Electronic Vehicle Identification

EVP Emergency Vehicle Pre-emption

FAR False Alarm Rate

FCD Floating Car Data

Floating car data are gathered from vehicles equipped with appropriate sensors (such as whether windscreen wipers are activated or the vehicle's location and speed) and then passed to traffic management centres that can evaluate this information for general traffic trends

FHWA Federal Highway Administration

FIDIC Fédération Internationale Des Ingénieurs-Conseils

FIFA International Federation of Association Football

FMS Freeway Management System

FPD Fare Payment Device

An EMV certified electronic device, incorporating an EMV Contactless card reader linked to a fare processor, that has the ability to validate the authenticity of a Contactless EMV Smart card, read and write to the AFC Data Structure on the card, and to integrate with the Fare Payment System in terms of access and applicable fares for the IRPTN.

Human Machine Interface or Human Machine Interaction

GDP Gross Domestic Product

GIP Geographical Information Policy

GIS Geographic Information Systems

GNSS Global Navigation Satellite SystemThe combined total of all satellite navigation and positioning systems operating around the world and offering signal reception worldwide

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GPRS General Packet Radio Services

GPS Global Positioning System US satellite positioning system used to pinpoint geographic locations worldwide

GSM Global System for Mobile Communications

GUI Graphical User Interface

HAR Highway Advisory Radio

HHV Hand Held Validator Mobile AFC validator.

HMI Human Machine Interface or Human Machine Interaction

HOV High Occupancy Vehicle

HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access

HSWIM High Speed Weigh-in Motion

IBEC International Benefit, Evaluation and Cost Working Group

ICT Information and Communications Technology

ID Identification

IDA Incident Detection Algorithm

IDP Integrated Development Plan

ILD Inductive Loop Detector

IFM Integrated Fare Management

IFMS Integrated Fare Management System

IMS Incident Management System

IP Internet Protocol

IPTN Integrated Public Transport Network

IPTS Integrated Public Transport System

IRPTN Integrated Rapid Public Transport Network

An integrated network of public transport services covering a geographical area. These services comprise intermodal facilities, infrastructure, passenger safety and security, emergency response, intelligent transport systems, and socio economic development plans.

IRT Integrated Rapid Transport/Transit

IS Information Services

ISO International Standards Organisation

IT Information Technology

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ITP Integrated Transport Plan

ITS Intelligent Transportation Systems

A broad range of services for the management of transportation systems enabled by the use of information and communication technologies to make the transport system safe, efficient and reliable.

ITSSA Intelligent Transport Society South Africa

JDE JD Edwards reporting, budgeting, procurement & reconciliation system

JP Journey Planner

KPI Key Performance Indicator Type of performance measurement to measure the success of the system implemented.

KZN DoT KwaZulu-Natal Department of Transport

LBS Location-based Services

LCD Liquid Crystal Display

LED Light Emitting Diode

LOS Level of Service

LVP Low Value Payment

MCDM Multi-Criteria Decision Making

MBTF Mean Time between Failures

MCX Micro Coaxial

MMS Maintenance Management System

MNO Mobile Network Operator

MTTR Mean Time to Repair

MTI Metropolitan Transport Information

NDoT National Department of Transport

NHTS National Household Travel Survey

NLTA National Land Transportation Act

NLTTA National Land Transportation Transition Act

NMS Network Management System

NMT Non-Motorised Transport

NOC Network Operations Centre

NTCIP US National Transportation Communication for ITS Protocol

OBU On-Board Unit

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OCC Operator Control Centre

OCR Optical Character Recognition

OD Origin-Destination

OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer

OIF Operator Interface

ORS On Road Services On Road Services with SANRAL – Services of heavy and light tow trucks as well as first line medical response vehicles, on the highways

PA System Public Address System

PASA Payments Association of South Africa

PC Personal Computer

PCH Payment Clearing House

PDI Personal Development Initiatives

PE Provider Edge

PGWC Provincial Government Western Cape

PIDS Passenger Information Display System

PIN Personal Identification Number

PIU Portable Inspection Units Is used to inspect traveller’s card and can also be used to provide card information

PMR Private Mobile Radio

PMS Parking Management System or Performance Management System

POS Points of Sale Facility where payment of goods or services by electronic means can be conducted

POSD Point of Sale Device

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POSS Points of Sale System

Enables payment of goods or services by electronic means and can be either conducted online (to determine if funds are available in the user’s bank account) or can be conducted offline (where money or transit products are preloaded on the payment media (card)). It includes technology such as listed below:

• Computers: A programmable electronic machine that performs high-speed mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwise processes information.

• Cash Registers: A mechanical or electronic device for calculating and recording sales transactions, with an attached drawer for storing cash. The cash register also usually prints a receipt for the customer.

• Balance Reader: An electronic device to read the balance on the system approved bankcard presented.

• Pin Pad: A numeric key pad used by a consumer to enter a Personal Identification Number (PIN) when paying by debit card at a retail merchant or using an Automated Teller Machine.

• Point of Sale Terminal: An electronic device used to process system approved bankcard payments, either online or offline.

• Printer: An electronic device that is linked to the POS device and that can print a paper receipt of the transaction entered.

• Customer Display: An electronic screen linked to a computer and used to display transaction details to the customer.

POTS Plain Old Telephone Service

PPP Private Public Partnerships

PRASA Passenger Rail Association of South Africa

PRX Public Radio Exchange

PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network

PT Public Transport

PTA Public Transport Authority

PTI Public Transport Interchange

PTP Public Transport Plan

PTZ Pan Tilt Zoom

RAM Reliability, Availability and Maintainability

RDS Radio Data System Digital channel transmitted within the FM radio wavelength used to relay traffic messages

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RDS-TMC Radio Data System-Traffic Message Channel

RFID Radio-Frequency identification

RLVC Red Light Violation Camera

RNO Road Network Operations

ROM Relative Order of Magnitude

ROW Right of Way

RTI Road Traffic Inspectorate

RTPI Real Time Passenger Information

RWIS Road Weather Information Systems

SANRAL South African National Roads Agency

SAPManagement Software - “Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing”

SAPS South African Police Service

SARCC South African Rail Commuter Corporation

SARS South African Revenue Services

SARTSM South African Road Traffic Signs Manual

SBSA Standard Bank of South Africa

SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

SCG Strategy and Corporate Governance

SCOOT Split Cycle Offset Optimisation Techniques

SDTS Short Data Transport Services

SLA Service Level Agreement Part of the service contract that formally defines services.

SMPS Speed Map Panel System

SMS Short Messaging System

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

SNP Special Need Passengers

SOP Standard Operating Procedure

STANSA Standards South Africa

SBS Subscription Based Services

TDM Traffic Demand Management

TETRA Terrestrial Trunked Radio

TfL Transport for London

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TIC Transport Information Centre

TIM Traffic and Incident Management

TMC Transport Management Centre

A centralised operations centre hosting the IRPTN functions and operations. Various models of a typical TMC’s exist in South Africa and Internationality. A particular model (design) shall be implemented for the start-up of the IRPTN until this function will be hosted at the proposed new UCC

TN Technical Note A document containing specific technical information about a certain component of the IRPTN system

TNPA Transnet National Ports Authority

TOC Traffic Operating Centre

TOC monitors traffic signals communications, status and dispatch to the relevant Depot, as well as communicate to Radio and TV stations and also monitors the motorways’ CCTV and manage VMS’s

TOE Ticket Office Equipment

TOM Ticket Office Machine

TPI Transport Performance Index

TPT Transnet Port Terminals

TIMS Transit Incident Management System

TRS Transport Reporting System

TS Technical Specification

TTD Time to Detect

TRA Traffic and Roads Authority

TVM Ticket Vending Machine

An electronic machine that is used to disperse a product (smart cards – Contactless EMV & Contactless Single-trip ticket) to a consumer after the appropriate amount of money has been paid. Also referred to as a Card Vending Machine (CVM)

UAFC Unified Automatic Fare Collection

UCC Unified Command Centre (UCC)The proposed UCC is a building that will incorporate various CoE operations including the IRPTN operations.

UK United Kingdom

UPS Uninterrupted Power Supply

USA United States of America

UTC Urban Traffic Control

UTG Urban Transport Guidelines

UTMC Urban Traffic Management and Control

V2I Vehicle-to-Infrastructure

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V2V Vehicle-to-Vehicle

V2X Vehicle-to-Device

VA Vehicle Actuated

VAN Vehicle Area Network

VANS Value Added Network Service

VDS Vehicle Detection System

VIP Video Image Processing

VMS Variable Messaging System Roadside message displays used for traffic control and information

VMT Vehicle Miles Travelled

VOIP Voice over IP

VPN Virtual Private Network

VRM Vehicle Registration Mark

WAP Wireless Access Point

WiFi Trade name for the popular wireless technologies

WIM Weigh-in-Motion

WiMax Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

WIMS Weigh-in-Motion System

A technology for determining the weight of a commercial vehicle without requiring it to stop on a scale, using AVI to identify the vehicles and other technologies to measure the dynamic tire forces of a moving vehicle and then estimate the corresponding static weight

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AFC Validator Contactless smart card reader.

AFC Regulations Regulations governing implementation of fare collection by electronic means, promulgated in 2011 in terms of the National Land Transport Act (NLTA) of 2009.

Articulated Bus An extra length, 18m articulated bus

Bank Issued EMV Fare Medium Card

Bank Issued EMV Fare Medium Card: A contactless EMV Smart card that is issued by a bank to its clients.

Complementary Routes

The portion of the IRPTN network where IRPTN buses travel in mixed traffic lanes and with traditional bus stops on the left side of the road. The difference between a complimentary route and a feeder route is that the buses traveling on a complimentary route can join the trunk route whereas buses traveling on the feeder routes cannot.

Contactless EMV Smart Card

An encrypted dual interface chip card with low monetary value that complies with EMV requirements for interoperability. A bank issued contactless payment instrument that is:

• Supported, regulated and endorsed by banks that are members of the Payments Association of South Africa (PASA) and the relevant Payment Clearing House (PCH);

• Based on EMV standards, conforming to Card Association specifications for contactless payments (MasterCard PayPass or Visa payWave);

• Functions on the principle of pre-authorised debit; and• Conforms to the requirements of the National AFC Data Structure.

Contactless Single-trip card (ticket)

A disposable contactless card (ticket) intended for limited use without a reloading scheme.

Feeder Routes

The portion of the IRPTN network where IRPTN buses travel in mixed traffic lanes and with traditional bus stops on the left side of the road. The feeder route can accommodate only standard buses and buses traveling on the feeder route cannot join the trunk route, except when stopping at a trunk station for a transfer of passengers.

Responsive Control Providing additional green time for the movement containing a bus that is falling behind schedule.

Customer Display An electronic screen linked to a computer and used to display transaction details to the customer.

Signal Priority Providing additional green time or priority green to buses traveling on the dedicated bus lanes on the trunk route.

Standard bus A 12m standard length bus.

Station Enclosed building that allow for pre-boarding fare collection. Stations (low-floor) are situated on the trunk route in the median of the road.

Stops Traditional, open bus stop on the side of the road that are not part of the Trunk route.

Third Party Issued Card

A contactless EMV Smart card that is procured and issued under contract by an organization not related to the IRPTN project.

Trunk Route The portion of the IRPTN network with dedicated bus lanes and stations in the median. The trunk route can accommodate for both normal and articulated buses.

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