Section: Reading Date:Heading: Julius Caesar, Act I, Reading Questions

Scene 1: 776-7791. What two events are the workers celebrating in Scene 1? Describe each event. Why

does Marullus scold them? A.

B.

Scene 2: 779-7892. At the opening of Act I, Scene 2, Antony is dressed for the course, or for a footrace.

Why is a footrace being held? Why does Caesar tell Antony to touch Calphurnia during the race?

3. What does the soothsayer tell Caesar in Scene 2? How does Caesar respond?

4. Caesar is a powerful ruler, yet he suffers from many infirmities. What are Caesar’s infirmities?A.

B.

C.

5. Who does Caesar feel is dangerous? Why?

6. Summarize what Casca reports about Julius Caesar. Why does he speak in prose?

7. At the end of Scene 2, what is Cassius planning to do to persuade Brutus to join the conspiracy against Caesar? Why does he choose to persuade Brutus (and not another character)? What kind of speech is his final speech in the scene (p. 788-789)?

Scene 3: 789-7958. At the beginning of Scene 3, what do Cicero and Casca discuss? Why are they

disturbed?

9. In Act I, Scene 3, Cicero and Casca meet and talk. In lines 28-32, Casca says, “…When these prodigies/ Do so conjointly meet, let not men say,/ ‘These are their reasons, they are natural,’/for I believe they are portentous things/ Unto the climate that they point upon.” Restate these lines in your own words.

10. Does Cicero feel the same way as Casca about these strange occurrences? Explain using evidence from the play.

11. What happens to move the conspiracy plot forward at the end of Scene 3?

12. What date is the ides of March?

Thinking about the Text:13. Shakespeare uses nature to mirror the disorders in human lives. What details in Scene 3

do you think evoke a sense of danger and terror?

14. How would you describe the play’s conflict as it is established in Act 1?

15. A healthy republic requires a reasonably intelligent and responsive citizenry. How do the nobles in the play speak of the citizens of Rome? How do these remarks shape your feelings about the citizens? What parallels can you draw between the Roman crowd and similar gatherings today?

16. How would you evaluate the character of Brutus? Is he strong, weak, or something in between? Explain.

17. Do you have conflicting feelings about Caesar during this act? Describe your impressions of his character, based on your responses to his speeches and actions and on what other characters say about him?

Section: Literary Terms Date:Heading: Julius Caesar, Act I

Poetry vs. Prose:Some characters speak in poetry. In order to determine whether a passage is written in poetry, look for the following clues:

1. There is a capital letter at the beginning of each line.2. There is a set number of syllables per line (10 if written in iambic pentameter).3. Occasionally, there is end rhyme.

Example: Read Flavius’ passage below.Hence! Home, you idle creatures, get you home! (10 syllables)Is this a holiday? What, know you not, (10)Being mechanical, you ought not walk (10)Upon a laboring day without the sign (10)Of your profession? Speak, what trade art thou? (10)

This passage is written in blank verse, poetic unrhymed iambic pentameter.

Prose looks like everyday speech. Capital letters are used at the beginning of sentences and for proper nouns and adjectives; they are not used at the beginning of each line. Shakespeare chose to have some characters speak in prose to show their status within society.

Example: Read the Cobbler’s passage below.Truly, sir, to wear out their shoes, to get myselfinto more work. But indeed, sir, we make holiday tosee Caesar and to rejoice in his triumph.

The above passage is written in prose.

Why do you think Shakespeare chose to have the Cobbler speak in prose and not Flavius?

Greek Philosophy:Two classical philosophies help us better appreciate the characters of Brutus and Cassius. Brutus believed in Stoicism, a philosophy that saw virtue, as expressed in action, as the supreme purpose of life. Stoicism also taught that the result of wisdom is the performance of duty and that joy and grief should not be outwardly shown. Furthermore, in doing one’s duty, the Stoic must spare neither himself nor others. Cassius believed in Epicureanism, though he seems too bitter to be an Epicurean. Epicurus taught that pleasure is the chief good, and pleasure was defined as freedom of the body from pain and of the soul from anxiety. Prudence was the means to these ends. To the Epicureans, who did not believe in divine intervention or an afterlife, fear, especially fear of death, was the greatest evil.

Directions: Please jot down examples of each of the following literary devices.

Scene 1:1. pun: a play on words (words that have 2 meanings; homophones: words that sound alike but have different spellings and meanings) A. p. 777

B. p. 777

2. metaphor: a direct comparison between two unlike things without using like or as A. p. 778

B. p. 778-779

3. hyperbole: extreme exaggeration; p. 778

Scene 2:4. foreshadowing: a hint or clue as to the outcome of an event; p. 779

5. synecdoche: when a part is used to represent a whole (i.e. All hands on deck.); p. 782

6. allusion: a reference to a specific person, place, historical event, or work of art; p. 783

7. simile: a comparison between two unlike things using like or as; p. 783

8. pun: p. 787

9. anachronism: something that appears out of place in terms of time; p. 787

Scene 3:10. foreshadowing: p. 792

11. simile: p. 792

12. pun: p. 795

Section: Reading Date:Heading: Julius Caesar, Act II, Reading Questions

Scene 1: 799-8101. What is the setting of this scene?

A. When:

B. Where:

2. A soliloquy is a speech given by a character alone onstage. Look at Brutus’s soliloquy at the beginning of Act 2. What reasons does Brutus give for killing Caesar?

3. Brutus never suspects that the letters might be forgeries. Also, the letters lead him to think about historical events and abstract ideals, not the crisis facing Rome. What does Brutus’s reaction to the letters suggest about him?

4. Why do the conspirators enter with “their hats…plucked about their ears” and “their faces buried in their cloaks” (I. i. 73-74)?

5. According to Brutus, why do the conspirators have no need to swear an oath?

6. What do the conspirators decide concerning Cicero? Who prompts them to make this decision?

7. What decision do the conspirators make concerning Antony? Why do they make this decision?

8. Brutus uses hunting metaphors to describe how Caesar should be stabbed. Honorable prey, such as the hart (a male deer), were ceremoniously carved up and eaten at feasts, while lesser prey, such as a fox, were hacked and fed to the hounds. What does this metaphor show about Brutus’s regard for Caesar?

9. What does Brutus want the public, or history, to think of him (line 180)?

10. According to Decius, what sort of man is Caesar?

11. According to Brutus, how should the conspirators act (lines 224-228)?

12. Which of Brutus’s actions led Portia to conclude that he is upset? What does she demand of her husband in Scene 1?

13. What does Portia suddenly do to prove her loyalty and strength of character?

14. Describe Ligarius. What does he decide to do?

Scene 2: 810-81515. List four of the unusual occurrences that Calphurnia describes to Caesar at the beginning

of Scene 2.A.

B.

C.

D.

16. Summarize the following passage:Caesar.Cowards die many times before their deaths;The valiant never taste of death but once.Of all the wonders that I yet have heard,It seems to me most strange that men should fear,Seeing that death, a necessary end,Will come when it will come.

17. What does the servant report concerning the augurers? How does Caesar react?

18. Describe Calphurnia’s dream. What is her goal in telling Caesar about the strange occurrences and her dream?

19. How does Decius reinterpret the dream?

20. What other reasons does Decius give to persuade Caesar to go to the Capitol?

21. What does Caesar ultimately decide?

22. Explain Trebonius’s comment in lines 124-125: “Caesar, I will and so near will I be,/ That your best friends shall wish I had been further.”

Scene 3: 81523. Summarize Artemidorus’s letter.

24. What is Shakespeare’s purpose for including this letter?

Scene 4: 815-81725. When he meets Portia, where is the soothsayer going?

26. In this scene, Portia is terribly upset and wants Lucius to run to the Capitol for news. What can we assume has happened?

27. Why do you think Portia asks the soothsayer whether he knows of any harm that is intended against Caesar?

28. How does Portia in this last scene seem different from the Portia in Scene 1?

Thinking About the Text:29. Suspense in literature revolves around uncertainty. In writing a historical play,

Shakespeare focused on a series of events whose outcome was already known, yet he had to create enough uncertainty to keep the audience interested and wondering. Identify three means by which Shakespeare creates suspense in this act even though the ultimate outcome of the conspiracy is almost surely known by the audience.A.

B.

C.

30. When you read rather than watch a play, you have to stage it in your imagination, to visualize the movements of characters and the sounds of voices. As you imagine Act 2, tell how it compares with Act I. Is the pace faster or slower? Are the characters calmer or more agitated? Which scenes make you think so?

31. Describe the complexities of Caesar’s character. How do you feel about him—is he a monstrous tyrant or a sympathetic man? Explain.

32. Is Caesar’s assassination necessary? Reread Brutus’s argument in Scene 1, lines 10-34—how would you respond to it?

33. Compare and/or contrast the relationships of Julius Caesar and Calphurnia & Brutus and Portia.

Section: Literary Terms Date:Heading: Julius Caesar, Act II

Background Information:When Portia blames Brutus’s mood on “humor” (I. i. 250), she refers to one of the four humors of Elizabethan physiology—phlegm, yellow bile, blood, and black bile. Each of these elemental bodily fluids supposedly related to a specific temperament or mood. Diseases and emotions were determined by a balance of the humors, and the ideal state occurred when all four were in proper proportion. A person with excess phlegm is phlegmatic, pale, and sluggish; too much yellow bile produces a choleric person, who is quick to anger and unmerciful; a sanguine person, with blood predominating, is excessively jovial and passionate; black bile produces a melancholic individual, often maudlin or lovesick.

Jot down examples of each of the following literary devices.

Scene 1:1. metaphor :

A. p. 799

B. p. 803

2. simile :A. p. 799

B. p. 803

3. synecdoche : p. 803

4. anachronism : p. 804

5. dramatic irony : p. 804

6. pun : p. 810

Scene 2:7. foreshadowing : p. 810-811

A.

B.

C.

8. metaphor : p. 812

9. personification : p. 812

10. simile : p. 813

11. dramatic irony : p. 815

Scene 3:Artemidorus. “Caesar, beware of Brutus; take heed of

Cassius; come not near Casca; have an eye to Cinna;trust not Trebonius; mark well Metellus Cimber; DeciusBrutus loves thee not; thou hast wronged Caius Ligar-ius. There is but one mind in all these men, and it isbent against Caesar. If thou beest not immortal, lookabout you: security gives way to conspiracy. The mightygods defend thee!

Thy lover, Artemidorus.”

Here I will stand till Caesar pass along,And as a suitor will I give him this.My heart laments that virtue cannot liveOut of the teeth of emulation.If thou read this, O Caesar, thou mayest live;If not, the Fates with traitors do contrive.

12. Is Artemidorus’ passage written in prose, poetry, or both? Explain why this

passage is written in this way.

Scene 4:13. verbal irony : p. 817

Section: Reading Date:Heading: Julius Caesar, Act III, Reading Questions

Scene 1: 821-8301. What is the setting of this scene?

A. When:

B. Where

2. In Scene 1, a chance still exists that the conspiracy might be foiled. Why does Artemidorus fail to get Caesar to read his warning?

3. Paraphrase Popilius’s words, “I wish your enterprise today may thrive” (III. i. 13). How do Brutus and Cassius respond differently to the threat Popilius might represent?

4. What is Trebonius’s role in the conspiracy?

5. What petition serves as an excuse for the conspirators to gather around Caesar? How does Caesar respond to this petition?

6. Which of the conspirators makes the first strike with the dagger?

7. Shakespeare presents the last view of Caesar in Scene 1. How does Shakespeare portray Caesar as he is about to die? Where do your own sympathies lie at the moment Caesar is stabbed—with the assassins or their victim? Why?

8. What are Caesar’s dying words?

9. Why does Brutus ask the conspirators to join him in bathing his hands in Caesar’s blood? What might the blood symbolize?

10. Paraphrase the servant’s speech on page 825.

11. Until now, Antony has been presented merely as Caesar’s lightweight henchman. What different traits does Antony reveal in his speech on page 826, lines 148-163?

12. In Scene 1, why does Cassius argue against allowing Antony to speak at Caesar’s funeral? What reasons does Brutus give for overruling him?

13. Summarize Brutus’s speech on page 828, lines 244-251.

14. What conclusions can you draw from lines 254-275 about Antony’s true feelings?

15. What events does Antony’s vow seem to foreshadow?

16. Why does Antony tell Octavius’s servant to wait for the outcome of his oration before reporting to Octavius?

Scene 2: 831-84117. Why do you think Shakespeare has Brutus deliver his speech in prose, not blank verse?

18. Outline of Brutus’s Funeral Oration: Fill in the blanks.I. Introduction

I rose against Caesar not that I ________________ less, but that I _______________ more.

II. BodyA. Part 1: Cause and Effect

i. Because Caesar loved me, I _______________ for him, and there are _______________ for his love.

ii. Because Caesar was fortunate, I _______________ for him, and there is _______________ for his fortune.

iii. Because Caesar was valiant, I ______________ him, and there is _______________ for his valor.

iv. Because Caesar was ambitious, I ______________ him, and there is ______________ for his ambition.

B. Part 2: Rhetorical Questionsi. Who is here so _______________ that would be a ______________?

ii. Who is here so _______________ that would not be a _____________?iii. Who is here so _______________ that would not love _____________?

III. ConclusionA. Whom then have I offended? _________________.B. The reasons for Caesar’s death are recorded _____________.

i. His glory wherein he was ____________ is not _____________.ii. His offences for which he _____________ are not _____________.

19. What flaw can you detect in Brutus’s argument?

20. Why might it have been a mistake for Brutus to allow Antony to bear Caesar’s body into the Forum for the funeral?

21. What do you think of Brutus’s decision to leave the Forum before Antony delivers his speech?

22. Outline of Antony’s Funeral Oration: Fill in the blanks.I. Introduction Antony: “Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears. I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.”II. Body A. Part 1: Refuting Caesar’s Ambition

1. Proof 1: _____________________________________________________2. Proof 2: _____________________________________________________3. Proof 3: _____________________________________________________

B. First Pause:Antony: “Bear with me, / My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar, / And I

must pause till it comes back to me.”4th citizen: “…’tis certain he [Caesar] was not ambitious.”

C. Part 2: First mention of Caesar’s Will1. The effects if the crowd were to read the will: _____________________________________________________________________________________

D. Second PauseAntony descends the pulpit and the crowd forms a ring around Caesar’s body.

E. Part 3: Description of Caesar’s Corpse1. Description of mantle: _________________________________________2. Names of conspirators involved: _________________________________3. Effects of Brutus’s stabbing: ____________________________________4. Citizen’s reactions to Antony’s words: ____________________________

5. Antony’s self-deprecation: ______________________________________ F. Part 4: Contents of Caesar’s Will

1. Each Roman citizen: ___________________________________________2. Citizen’s private estate: _________________________________________

III. Conclusion Antony: “Here was a Caesar! When comes such another?”

23. Is Antony’s speech written in prose or poetry? Why do you think it is written in this way?

24. Why do you think that Antony picks Brutus, not Cassius or the other conspirators, as the target of his attack?

25. How does Antony keep his promise to Brutus that he would not blame the conspirators? Which literary device does he use?

26. Some critics view the moment in Antony’s speech when the mob turns on the conspirators to be the turning point of the play. Why might the end of Antony’s address indeed be the turning point of the play?

27. Whose oration succeeds in winning the mob?

Scene 3: 841-842

Background Information: The poet Helvius Cinna, some of whose verse survives today, was actually a friend of Caesar’s and was in the street heading to the funeral. The conspirator’s name was Cornelius Cinna.

28. Why does the mob kill Cinna the poet? What might this horrible death symbolize?

Thinking about the text:

29. List the mistakes that Brutus has made since he joined the conspiracy.

30. A tragic hero is a character of high status who is brought down due to a tragic flaw. What is Brutus’s tragic flaw? Explain using an example from the play.

Section: Literary Terms Date:Heading: Julius Caesar, Act III

Scene 1:1. suspense : anticipation or anxiety as to what might happen next

A. p. 821

B. p. 821

2. simile : p. 823

3. hyperbole : p. 823

4. allusion : p. 824

5. symbol : something concrete that represents something abstract; p. 825

6. situational irony : when an event turns out differently than expected A. p. 823

B. p. 825

7. pun A. p. 826

B. p. 827

8. metaphor: p. 827

9. foreshadowingA. p. 829

B. p. 830

Scene 2: 10. parallelism: repetition of words and phrases that have the same grammatical structure; p. 831

11. verbal irony: when a character says something but means that opposite of what he/she says

A. p. 834

B. p. 835

12. apostrophe: when a character speaks to an inanimate object as though it is capable of responding; p. 841

Scene 3:13. foreshadowing : p. 841

Chronology: The chart below gives the actual historical time frame as well as the dramatic time frame used by Shakespeare in his play.

Time of ActionPlay History

Day (6 days with intervals) (over 3 years)

Day 1 Act 1, Scenes 1-2Feb. 15, 44 B.C. Oct. 45 B.C.Caesar’s triumph & Caesar’s triumph overFeast of Lupercal Pompey’s sons:

Feb. 15, 44 B.C.Feast of Lupercal:

Interval.

Day 2 Act 1, Scene 3March 14, 44 B.C. (beginning of scene)

Day 3 Acts 2-3March 15, 44 B.C. March 15, 44 B.C.Assassination Assassination3.2: Funeral Orations Funeral Orations: directly after 3 days after assassination assassination

43 B.C.Interval of 7+ months:Brutus is in Macedonia.Cassius is in Syria

Interval.Oct. 43 B.C.3-day conference of the 2nd Triumvirate atBononia

Day 4 Act 4, Scene 1 42 B.C.42 B.C. Interval of about 3 months:

The Proscription is proclaimed—Cicero and others are put to death

Day 5 Act 4, Scenes 2-3Evening & night

Interval.

Day 6 Act V Oct. 42 B.C.The two engagements at Philippi Battle of Philippi: The 2ndare described as one. engagement = 20 days after

the first

Section: Reading Date:Heading: Julius Caesar, Act IV, Reading Questions (845-858)

Scene 1: (845-846):Background Information: Scene 1 opens sometime after Caesar’s death in Rome. Antony, Octavius, and Lepidus now rule as the Second Triumvirate. According to history, the meeting of the Second Triumvirate did not occur until October of 43 B.C., about eighteen months after Caesar’s assassination. During this chaotic period, a number of significant events occurred, including a war between Mark Antony and Octavius. Shakespeare chose to ignore these events and imply a shorter interval of time in the interest of dramatic unity.

1. At the beginning of Act IV, Antony, Octavius, and Lepidus discuss which Romans must die. Who are some of the people they specifically mention as being marked for death?

2. What does Antony mean when he says, “Fetch the will hither, and we shall determine / How to cut off some charge in legacies” (IV. i. 8-9)? What does this passage reveal about Antony’s character?

3. Referring to Lepidus, Octavius says, “You may do your will;/But he’s a tried and valiant soldier” (IV. i. 27-28). Antony then replies, “So is my horse, Octavius,…” (IV. i. 29). What does Antony mean by this reply? How does he feel about Lepidus?

4. What mood is created by the discussions and decisions of the triumvirate in Scene 1?

5. How is Antony characterized by his words and actions in Scene 1? In your opinion, is the Antony we see in this scene consistent with the Antony we saw earlier?

Scene 2: (846-848)6. Where does Scene 2 take place? See page 877 for a map of the area. Why did Brutus

and Cassius flee from Rome?

7. Describe Brutus’s feelings toward Cassius at the beginning of this scene.

8. Why is Brutus’s advice to move inside the tents sound?

Scene 3: (848-858):9. Why is Cassius upset with Brutus?

10. Why is Brutus upset with Cassius?

11. How is the conflict between Cassius and Brutus similar to the one between Antony and Octavius?

12. Summarize Cassius’s speech in lines 92-106. What does this passage reveal about his character?

13. What purpose does the poet serve in this scene?

14. According to Brutus, what were the reasons for Portia’s death? How does Brutus react to news that his wife, Portia, is dead? What does this reaction reveal about his sincerity in trying to live according to his personal philosophy?

15. Why is Cassius especially shocked to hear this news from Brutus? What does he mean when he says, “How scaped I killing when I crossed you so?” (IV. iii. 148)?

16. What does the exchange reveal about how Cassius and Brutus differ in their emotional responses?

17. In the confusion after the assassination, Antony threatened to become even more dictatorial than Caesar himself. In response, Cicero, as the leading senator, persuaded many colleagues to back Octavius as short-term figurehead and alternative to Antony. For his part, Octavius vowed to save Rome from anarchy and dictatorship. To undermine Antony, Cicero and his followers mounted a vicious propaganda war and tried to block Antony’s appointment as a provincial governor. Later, Octavius joined forces with Antony in the Second Triumvirate and did nothing to stop Antony from eliminating as many as 2,000 other political opponents. In the play, what happens to Cicero?

18. Summarize the battle plans of Brutus and Cassius. Whose plan would you be more likely to follow? Why? Whose plan do the conspirators follow?

19. What vision does Brutus see at the end of Act 4? On a symbolic level, what might this vision represent?

Thinking about the Text:20. Is Antony motivated more by honor or by ambition? Explain using two examples from

this act.A.

B.

21. Does Brutus still seem to be motivated by honor? Explain using an example from this act.

Section: Literary Terms Date:Heading: Julius Caesar, Act IV

Scene 1:1. simile – p. 845

2. metaphor - p. 845

3. anachronism – p. 846

Scene 2:4. simile – p. 847 A.

B.

Scene 3:5. hyperbole – p. 849

6. extended metaphor – p. 855

7. anachronism – p. 857

8. foreshadowing – p. 858

Section: Reading Date:Heading: Julius Caesar, Act V, Reading Questions (862-877)

Scene 1: (862-867)1. Summarize the conflict between Antony and Octavius at the beginning of Scene 1.

2. Which four characters finally confront one another in Scene 1 of Act 5?

3. What does Cassius mean when he says to Antony, “The posture of your blows are yet unknown, / But, for your words, they rob the Hybla bees / And leave them honeyless” (V. i. 33-35)?

4. How does Antony describe the conspirators?

5. Octavius was 21 at the time of the battle. How does Cassius describe Octavius? How does Cassius describe Antony?

6. Summarize Cassius’s monologue on page 866, lines 70-88. What is Cassius’s state of mind?

7. Brutus alludes to Cato on pages 866-867. Cato was Portia’s dad and Brutus’s father-in-law. Cato fought on Pompey’s side against Julius Caesar. He committed suicide rather than be captured. Stoics considered suicide to be cowardly. What does Brutus say about Cato, and why do you think Brutus mentions Cato?

Scene 2: (867)8. Summarize Scene 2.

Scene 3: (868-872)9. Summarize what is going on in terms of the battle at the beginning of the scene.

10. What mistaken assumptions lead to Cassius’s death?

11. What does Cassius ask Pindarus to do? What is Pindarus’s motive?

12. What does Messala report concerning the outcomes of the battles between Octavius and Brutus and Cassius and Antony?

13. How and why does Titinius die?

14. How does Brutus react to Cassius’s death?

15. Identify at least three examples of irony in Scene 3, Cassius’s death scene. How do these ironies make you feel?

Scene 4: (872-873)16. Who does Lucilius pretend to be? How does Antony react? Why?

Scene 5: (873-877)17. Summarize what happens to Brutus. Why does Brutus think he must commit suicide?

18. How do Octavius and Antony show compassion (as well as good political sense) at the end?

19. Why is it significant that Octavius delivers the play’s final speech?

Thinking About the Text:20. How does Shakespeare maintain an element of suspense even here in the final act?

21. Look at Scenes 3 and 5 and the dying words of Cassius and Brutus. How does each man view Caesar’s murder? Do you think each man had a choice other than suicide? Explain.

22. Brutus makes many mistakes that stem from his idealized vision of the assassination and his self-image as an “honorable man.” What are the errors, and how do they lead to Brutus’s downfall?

23. Describe your final view of Brutus and the choices he made. Did he misread the evidence that Caesar might become king? Should he have betrayed a friend for the public good? Was he wrong to kill the only man who could bring order out of chaos? Support your response with evidence from the play.

24. Critics argue that Julius Caesar dominates the play. How would you defend this view? How is Caesar “present” in the second half of the play?

25. In his essay The Poetics, Aristotle described the tragic hero as a person more noble than evil, whose fortunes go from good to bad. Does Brutus fit this description, or is the tragic hero someone else, perhaps Caesar? Do you think, instead, that the play lacks a tragic hero? Defend your answer.

26. Few words inspired such anxiety in the ancient Romans as the word king. Do you think the anxieties of Brutus and others about Caesar’s potential “kingship” were justified? How do you think Shakespeare’s audience, living under the strong and stable monarchy of the aging Queen Elizabeth I, might have felt about choosing between dictatorship and anarchy? How do you think American audiences of today feel about this issue?

Section: Literary Terms Date:Heading: Julius Caesar, Act V

Scene 1:1. hyperbole – p. 863

2. simile – p. 863

3. alliteration –p. 865

4. foreshadowinga. p. 866

b. p. 867

Scene 2:5. What is the effect of the length of Scene 2 on the rest of Act V?

Scene 3:6. situational irony:

a. p. 868

b. p. 869

c. p. 869

7. metaphor – p. 869

8. apostrophe – p. 871

9. hyperbole – p. 871

Scene 4:10. dramatic irony – p. 872

Scene 5:11. foreshadowing – p. 874

12. situational irony – p. 874

13. anachronism – p. 877