activities chapters 16, 17 & 20. thymine = adenine adenine = thymine cytosine ≡ guanine...
TRANSCRIPT
• Fill in the bases of the mRNA that is been made
• Where in the cell is this going on?
• Cytoplasm/ribosome
• What is the name of the enzyme that helps this process take place?
• RNA polymerase
U C C U
UA
U
• Where in the cell do each of these 2 procedures occur?
• Transcription occurs in the nucleus, translation in the cytoplasm
• Which way does the DNA reading go? 5’ to 3’
Transcription
Translation
• Name the process observed in this drawing.
• Translation/protein synthesis
Amino acid
tRNA
Protein
mRNA
Ribosome
• Name the section of mRNA encased in the yellow box codon
• What is the name of the tip of the tRNA opposite to the yellow box? anticodon
• What is the name of the site marked X? E site (exit)
• What is the order of the sites used when forming a protein?
• A, P, E• What way does the ribosome
travel through the mRNA when reading it? 3’ to 5’
X
5'
3'
A site
P site
Name the type of mutationpoint mutation (silent)Did it cause a major problem? No Why or why not? Because the product is still the same.
• Compared to the mutation you just saw in the last slide, is this a critical mutation? If so why? Yes, because it stops the reading of the mRNA when it should not.
• What is the name of this type of mutation nonsense
• What other types of mutation exist that may cause drastic problems to the cell? Missense
• Name all the procedures (colored bars), locations in the cell where these occur, and the chemicals involved in each one of them (pointed with a green arrow).
• What is the name of the sections of the pre-mRNA pointed with the yellow arrows?
Amino acid
tRNA
Ribosomesection
Sections of ribosomemRNA
anticodon
E site A site
protein
intron
Pre-mRNA RNA polymeraseexonDNA
tRNA with a.a.
• what is an intron section of mRNA not needed to make the polypeptide
• and an exon? section of mRNA with information about needed polypeptide
• what is a restriction enzyme? Enzyme found in bacteria that destroy DNA
• which is the difference between sticky and blunt DNA? Sticky has one strand longer that the other, blunt has both the same size.
• what is a complementary DNA? The strand built according to the already present strand of DNA or mRNA used as a template.
• what is a recombinant DNA? That obtained from combining DNA from different sources to obtain one single product.
• What is a plasmid? Small circular DNA, used to manipulate genes in the laboratory
• This is paternal test done on the DNA of 4 individuals.
• A is the mother, B is the child.
• How many pieces of DNA does the child have in common with the mother? 4
• Who is the father, C or D? D, notice the DNA section not common with the mother have to be common with the father.
• What is the name of this technique?• Gel electrophoresis• What is used to cut the DNA in different
pieces? Restriction enzymes
A B C D