adaptations cr questions - mr. leone's science website

ADAPTATIONS CR QUESTIONS

1. Base your answer to the following question on thediagram below which represents a unicellular greenalga known as chlamydomonas. Structure X helpschlamydomonas move through the pond in which itlives.

A) a seta B) an antennaC) a tentacle D) a flagellum

What does structure X represent?

A) transport B) respirationC) circulation D) locomotion

2. Cilia, pseudopods, and setae are all structuraladaptations for the life process known as

A) setaeB) nephridiaC) Malpighian tubulesD) contractile vacuoles

3. In earthworms, an inability to excrete somenitrogenous wastes would indicate a malfunction ofthe

A) grasshopper-nephronB) human-Malpighian tubulesC) hydra-kidneyD) earthworm-nephridia

4. Which organism is correctly paired with the excretoryadaptation used for the removal of its nitrogenouswastes?

A) ameba B) hydraC) mushroom D) earthworm

5. Which organism has excretory organs that are mostsimilar in structure to the nephrons found in thehuman kidney?

A) human B) grasshopperC) earthworm D) hydra

6. Which organism has a nervous system that includes adorsal brain, ventral nerve cord, ganglia, peripheralnerves, eyes, and tympana?

A) water B) uric acidC) carbon dioxide D) feces

7. Which waste product of a grasshopper may beretained and used in other metabolic activities?

A) nephridia and setaeB) neurons and nephronsC) contractile vacuoles and spiracle openingsD) Malpighian tubules and digestive tract

8. Mineral salts and uric acid are excreted from thegrasshopper by the


Base your answers to questions 9 and 10 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology.The diagram illustrates the steps in a process that occurs in the cells of many organisms.

9. Identify one specific molecule used to store the energy being released during this process.

Molecule:_________________

A) begins the breakdown of glucoseB) produces oxygen for organisms to useC) stores energy in molecules of water and carbon dioxideD) recycles glucose within the cells of simple organisms

10. Based on the diagram, the process of glycolysis most likely


Base your answers to questions 11 through 13 on the information and graphs below and on yourknowledge of biology. The graphs represent the results of two investigations using leaf disks fromspinach plants.

Small disks were cut from spinach leaves that had been treated to remove any air from insidethe leaf. The disks were placed in a solution that allowed them to carry out photosynthesis. Atfirst, all the disks sank to the bottom of the container. These disks were then used for two differentinvestigations.

Investigation 1

The disks were divided into five groups. Each group was exposed to light of a differentintensity, measured in watts per meter squared (W/m2). Some of the disks began to float. Theresults of the first investigation are shown in the graph below.


A) white B) blue C) green D) red

11. Investigation 2

A number of freshly prepared disks were placed in five containers. These containers were theneach exposed to light of a different color. The results of the second investigation are shown in thegraph below.

Which color of light appears to be least effectivefor photosynthesis in spinach leaves?

A) ozone B) oxygen C) water D) nitrogen

12. The substance produced inside the leaf disks that caused them to float to the surface of the solution is

13. State the relationship between increasing light intensity and the percentage of disks floating at theconclusion of Investigation 1.


Base your answers to questions 14 through 17 on the information and data table below and on yourknowledge of biology.

The diagram below represents a setup used in an experiment to determine the effect oftemperature on fermentation. Fermentation is a type of respiration in yeast that produces alcoholand a gas. Five setups were used. Each was kept at a different temperature. The number of gasbubbles released in each tube was counted and recorded in the data table below.

A) 30 B) 60 C) 80 D) 110

14. The number of bubbles produced at 27°C would be approximately

15. State the relationship between the rate of fermentation and temperature.


16. Plot the data, connect the points, and surround each point with a small circle.

17. Mark an appropriate scale, without any breaks, on each labeled axis.

18. Base your answer to question on the information below and on your knowledge of biology.

Botulinum toxin is a protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. It causes aserious form of food poisoning in humans. In a very dilute form, it is also commonly used toeliminate some signs of aging, such as wrinkles. It does this by preventing nerves from releasinga chemical messenger called acetylcholine into the synapse (space between a nerve cell and amuscle cell). The toxin affects the process that causes the muscle cell to contract and formwrinkles.

The diagram below represents a process that is involved in the formation of wrinkles. Complete thediagram by drawing an appropriate structure on the muscle cell membrane that would allow the nervecell to communicate with the muscle cell.


Base your answers to questions 19 through 21 on the information and graph below and on yourknowledge of biology.

A student conducts an experiment to determine how the amount of light affects the rate ofoxygen production in a plant. The graph represents the rate of oxygen produced for one trial, X, inthe experiment. By the end of the experiment, the plant had not reached maximum oxygenproduction.

19. Identify the biochemical process occurring in this cell that produces the oxygen.

Process: ________________

20. The diagram above represents a cell from the plant being used in the study. Draw an arrow to a cellstructure directly responsible for oxygen production in this cell. The tip of the arrow must touch thecell structure.

A) shorter than bar X and placed to the left of bar XB) shorter than bar X and placed to the right of bar XC) taller than bar X and placed to the left of bar XD) taller than bar X and placed to the right of the bar X

21. If a student supplies more light than was received during trial X, a bar placed on the graph torepresent the results would most likely be


Base your answers to questions 22 through 25 on the information below and on your knowledge ofbiology

Yeast cells carry out the process of cellular respiration as shown in the equation below.

An investigation was carried out to determine the effect of temperature on the rate of cellularrespiration in yeast. Five experimental groups, each containing five fermentation tubes, were setup. The fermentation tubes all contained the same amounts of water, glucose, and yeast. Eachgroup of five tubes was placed in a water bath at a different temperature. After 30 minutes, theamount of gas produced (D) in each fermentation tube was measured in milliliters. The average foreach group was calculated. A sample setup and the data collected are shown below.


A) smallest amount of CO2

B) smallest amount of glucoseC) smallest amount of ethyl alcoholD) same amounts of glucose, ethyl alcohol, and CO2

22. Compared to the other tubes at the end of 30 minutes, the tubes in group 3 contained the

A) 5°C B) 20°C C) 40°C D) 60°C

23. The maximum rate of cellular respiration in yeast occurred at which temperature?


24. Plot the data from the data table. Surround each point with a small circle, and connect the points.

25. Mark an appropriate scale on each labeled axis.

Base your answers to questions 26 through 29 on the diagram below and on your knowledge ofbiology. The arrows in the diagram represent biological processes.

26. Identify what letter X represents.

27. Identify process 3.

28. Explain why process 2 is essential in humans.

29. Identify one type of organism that carries out process 1.

Base your answers to questions 30 through 32 on the diagram below, which illustrates a transportpathway of CO2 in the human body, and on your knowledge of biology.

30. State what would happen to the production of bicarbonate ions (HCO3 –) if the carbonic anhydrasewere not present in red blood cells.

31. Explain why carbon dioxide moves into red blood cells by diffusion rather than by active transport.

32. Identify the cellular process that most likely produced the CO2 in the body cell.


Base your answers to questions 33 through 35 on the information below and on your knowledge ofbiology.

In an investigation, plants of the same species and the same initial height were exposed to a constantnumber of hours of light each day. The number of hours per day was different for each plant, but allother environmental factors were the same. At the conclusion of the investigation, the final height ofeach plant was measured. The following data were recorded:

8 hours, 25 cm; 4 hours, 12 cm; 2 hours, 5 cm; 14 hours, 35 cm; 12 hours, 35 cm; 10 hours, 34 cm; 6hours, 18 cm

33. If another plant of the same species had been used in the investigation and exposed to 16 hours oflight per day, what would the final height of the plant probably have been? Support your answer.

34. State one possible reason that the plant exposed to 2 hours of light per day was the shortest.

35. a Organize the data by completing both columns in the data table provided, so that the hours of dailylight exposure increase from the top to the bottom of the table.b Mark an appropriate scale on each axis.c Plot the data for final height on the grid. Surround each point with a small circle and connect thepoints.


Base your answers to questions 36 through 38 on the information, diagram, and data table below.

A student conducted an investigation to determine the effect of various environmental factorson the rate of transpiration (water loss through the leaves) in plants. The student prepared 4 groupsof plants. Each group contained 10 plants of the same species and leaf area. Each group wasexposed to different environmental factors. The apparatus shown in the diagram was constructedto measure water loss by the plants over time in 10-minute intervals for 30 minutes. The resultsare shown in the data table.

36. Identify the control group of plants in this experiment.

37. Identify the environmental factor that resulted in the lowest rate of transpiration.

38. a Mark an appropriate scale on the axis labeled "Time (min)."b Plot the data for the classroom conditions from the data table. Surround each point with a smallcircle and connect the points.c Plot the data for classroom conditions + floodlight from the data table. Surround each point with asmall triangle and connect the points.


A) A and B B) B and CC) C and D D) E and F

39. The data in the graph below show evidence ofdisease in the human body.

A disruption in dynamic equilibrium is indicated bythe temperature change between points

Base your answers to questions 40 through 42 on the information and data table below. A studentcounted the total number of leaves in a group of duckweed plants (Lemna gibba) over a 5-day period.The data collected are shown in the table below.

40. State what would most likely happen to the production of oxygen by duckweed plants if the intensityand duration of exposure to light were increased.

A) 2.0 days B) 2.3 days C) 2.9 days D) 3.2 days

41. The time it takes for the number of leaves to increase from 15 to 30 is approximately

42. a Mark an appropriate scale on each labeled axis.

b Plot the data from the data table. Surround each point with a small circle and connect the points.


Base your answers to questions 43 through 45 on the information and data table below.

The rate of respiration of a freshwater sunfish was determined at different temperatures. The rate ofrespiration was determined by counting the number of times the gill covers of the fish opened andclosed during 1-minute intervals at the various temperatures. The following data were collected.

A) The Effect of Temperature on Rate of Respiration in SunfishB) The Effect of Gill Movement on Rate of Respiration in SunfishC) The Relationship Between Temperature and Dissolved OxygenD) The Relationship Between Sunfish Population and Temperature Change in Freshwater Habitats

43. Which title is appropriate for this graph?

A) increases steadily B) decreases steadilyC) increases, then decreases D) decreases, then increases

44. According to the data, as the temperature increases, the rate of respiration of the sunfish

45. a Label the x-axis and indicate the units.

b Mark an appropriate scale on each axis.

c Plot the data from the data table. Surround each point with a small circle and connect the points.


46. Base your answer to the following question on thegraph below and on your knowledge of biology.

A) increase, onlyB) increase and then decreaseC) decrease, onlyD) remain the same

The contents of the small intestine have a basic pH.When gastric protease enters the small intestine, theactivity of this enzyme will most likely

47. The controlled experiment shown in the diagrams below is testing the effect of vitamin D on thegrowth of E. coli bacteria.

Using one or more complete sentences, state one error in the experimental setup.


A) The amount of light received affectschlorophyll production.

B) Water is needed for proper plant growth.C) Gravity affects plant growth.D) Enzymes promote seed development.

48. The diagram below shows two germinating cornseeds that have been placed in identical bottles andkept in the dark. Bottle A will be rotated 90 degreeseach day for the next 6 days. Bottle Bwill not berotated.

Which hypothesis is most likely being tested in thisexperiment?

49. All living things carry out a variety of life functions such as coordination, excretion, digestion,circulation, and synthesis. Select two of the life functions listed. Define the two life functions youselected and explain how they interact to keep an organism alive.

Base your answers to questions 50 and 51 on the information and data table below.

A student studied the effect of gibberellin (a plant hormone) on the growth of corn seedlings of thesame height and species. A different concentration of gibberellin in a fixed volume of water wasapplied to 7 groups of 10 plants each maintained under the same environmental conditions for theduration of the experiment. At the end of this period, the height of each plant was measured. The dataare shown in the table below.

50. Explain the effect on corn seedling height of increasing the application amount of gibberellin from0.05 to 0.50 microgram.


51. Write an appropriate title for this graph in the space provided.

A) protein synthesisB) photosynthesisC) digestionD) cellular respiration

52. In the demonstration shown below, which processperformed by the peas when they start to growcauses the drop of liquid to move to the left?


In an investigation, three seeds of the same species were allowed to germinate and grow in threedifferent locations. Each seedling was grown in the same amount and type of soil, and each receivedthe same amount of water during a 6 day period. At the end of the investigation, the height of eachseedling and the color of its leaves were recorded. The results are shown in the data table below.

A) Lack of sunlight altered the expression of the gene for chlorophyll production.B) The enzymes involved in chlorophyll production mutate in cooler temperatures.C) Chloroplasts migrate to the center of the cell when light is not available.D) Chlorophyll is converted to another pigment when light is not present.

53. Which statement correctly explains why chlorophyll production decreased in the seedlings kept inthe closet?

A) A plant grown in the dark will not be green.B) The type of soil a plant is grown in influences how tall it will be.C) Plants need water to grow.D) Plants grown in red light are taller than plants grown in green light.

54. Which hypothesis was most likely being tested in this investigation?


55. State two ways that this investigation could be modified to lead to a more reliable conclusion.

A) waterB) nitrogen saltsC) potassium saltsD) potassium and phosphorus salts

56. An experiment was performed to determine theeffect of different mineral salts on plant growth.Forty pots containing genetically identical plantswere divided into four equal groups and placed in awell-lighted greenhouse. Each pot contained anequal amount of nonmineral potting soil and oneplant. Minerals were then added in equal amounts toeach experimental group of pots as shown below.

For the experiment to be valid, what should beadded to the control group of pots?

A) repeat the experiment using other species ofplants

B) conduct another experiment using only bluelight

C) repeat the experiment using different variablesD) publish the results of the experiments

57. A student wanted to determine if plants grow betterunder blue light than under yellow light. The studentobtained two genetically identical plants of the samesize and placed each in a growth chamber. One plantwas grown in blue light, and the other was grown inyellow light. All other experimental conditions werethe same. The student measured the height of theplants after 2 weeks. To test the reliability of thedata, the student repeated the experiment with twoplants of the same species that were not geneticallyrelated to the first set of plants. The results weresimilar to those of the first experiment.

To make a valid conclusion regarding these results,the student should


58. When a fish opens and closes its mouth, water is forced over the gills, which act as the sites of gasexchange. Four teams of students investigated the effect of temperature on the rate of mouth openingsin a certain species of fish. Proper experimental procedure was followed throughout the investigation.The results are shown in the data table below.

Using one or more complete sentences, predict what will most likely happen to the rate of respirationin this species of fish if the temperature is decreased to 22°C.

A) timeB) size of each bacteriumC) number of coloniesD) temperature

59. The graph below shows the results of aninvestigation in which an unknown species ofbacteria was cultured for 24 hours. With theexception of temperature, all conditions influencingthe growth of this bacterium remained constant.

What is the experimental variable in thisinvestigation?


60. Worker bees acting as scouts are able to communicate the distance of a food supply from the hive byperforming a "waggle dance." The graph below shows the relationship between the distance of a foodsupply from the hive and the number of turns in the waggle dance every 15 seconds.

Using one or more complete sentences, state the relationship between the distance of the food supplyfrom the hive and the number of turns the bee performs in the waggle dance every 15 seconds.

A) light is necessary for photosynthesis to occurB) alcohol plus chlorophyll forms Lugol's iodine

solutionC) green plants use carbon dioxide in

photosynthesisD) plants use alcohol in the production of

chlorophyll

61. A small piece of black paper was folded in half andused to cover part of the top and bottom portions ofa leaf on a living geranium plant. After the plant waskept in sunlight for several days, the paper wasremoved. The leaf was then boiled in alcohol toremove the chlorophyll and placed in Lugol's iodinesolution, which turns blue-black in the presence ofstarch. Only the part of the leaf that had not beencovered turned blue-black. This investigation wasmost likely testing the hypothesis that



A student performed a laboratory investigation to determine the effect of temperature on the heart rateof Daphnia (water flea). The following temperatures and heart rates were recorded:

20°C - 260 beats/min; 10°C - 152 beats/min;25°C - 300 beats/min; 5°C - 108 beats/min;15°C - 200 beats/min

62. Using one or more complete sentences, state a valid conclusion that relates increasing temperature toheart rate in Daphnia.

A) 5 - 10ºC B) 10-15ºC C) 15-20ºC D) 20-25ºC

63. During which temperature interval did the greatest change in heart rate occur?

64. Plot the data from your data table. Surround each point with a small circle and connect the points.

65. Mark an appropriate scale on the axis labeled "Heart Rate (beats/min)."

66. Mark an appropriate scale on the axis labeled "Temperature (ºC)."

67. Organize the data by filling in the data table provided above. Complete both columns in the data tableso that the temperature either increases or decreases from the top to the bottom of the table. The datatable below is provided for practice purposes only.


A) using 10 plants of different species, each grownunder the same intensity of light

B) using 10 plants of different species, each grownunder a different intensity of light

C) using 10 plants of the same species, each grownunder the same intensity of light

D) using 10 plants of the same species, eachgrown under a different intensity of light

68. Which laboratory procedure would be best fordemonstrating the effect of light intensity on theproduction of chlorophyll in pea plants?

69. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which is a concept map that showsthe relationship between photosynthesis and respiration, and on your knowledge of biology.

A) deoxyribonucleic acid B) adenosine triphosphateC) PGAL D) C6H12O6

Which molecule belongs in area A?


A) a plant at a fixed distance from the lightsource

B) a plant exposed to sunlightC) the addition of oxygen to the waterD) the use of blue light on some of the plants.

70. A water plant placed in bright light gives offbubbles. A student notes that placing the light atdifferent distances from the plant causes the rate ofbubbling to vary. The student decides to design anexperiment to investigate the effect of light intensityon the rate of bubble production. An appropriatecontrol for this experiment would be



A group of biology students extracted the photosynthetic pigments from spinach leaves using thesolvent acetone. A spectrophotometer was used to measure the percent absorption of six differentwavelengths of light by the extracted pigments. The wavelengths of light were measured in unitsknown as nanometers (nm). One nanometer is equal to one-billionth of a meter. The following datawere collected:

yellow light (585 nm) - 25.8% absorption blue light (457 nm) - 49.8% absorption orange light (616 nm) - 32.1% absorption violet light (412 nm) - 49.8% absorption red light (674 nm) - 41.0% absorption green light (533 nm) - 17.8% absorption

A) Photosynthetic pigments in spinach plants absorb blue and violet light more efficientlythan red light.

B) The data would be the same for all pigments in spinach plants.C) Green and yellow light are not absorbed by spinach plants.D) All plants are efficient at absorbing violet and red light.

71. Which statement is a valid conclusion that can be drawn from the data obtained in this investigation?

72. Plot the data from data table. Surround each point with a small circle and connect the points.

73. Mark an appropriate scale on the axis labeled "Percent Absorption."

74. Complete all three columns in the data table so that the wavelength of light either increases ordecreases from the top to the bottom of the data table. The data table below is provided for practicepurposes only.



During a study of a colony of yeast cells, a student used a microscope to determine the number ofyeast cells present at various times. The results are summarized in the data table below.

75. Approximately how many yeast cells were present after 2.5 hours?

76. Using one or more complete sentences, state one possible reason for the change in the number ofyeast cells after the third hour.

77. Plot the data on the grid. Surround each point with a small circle and connect the points.

78. Mark an appropriate scale on each labeled axis.


A) Temperature is unrelated to the reproductiverate of bacteria.

B) Bacteria cannot grow at a temperature of 5°C.C) Life activities in bacteria slow down at high

temperatures.D) Refrigeration will most likely slow the

growth of these bacteria.

79. The graph below represents the results of aninvestigation of the growth of three identicalbacterial cultures incubated at different temperatures.

Which inference can be made from this graph?

A) X, only B) Y, onlyC) Z, only D) both X and Y

80. An investigation was conducted using three groupsof laboratory rats, X, Y, and Z to determine therelative effects of glucose and adrenaline on the rateof heartbeat. The experimental conditions for eachgroup of rats were kept the same except for the typeof solution injected, as shown in the data table.

According to the data table, which group of ratsfunctioned as the control?


Base your answers to questions 81 and 82 on the graph below and on your knowledge of biology.The graph illustrates the growth curves for two types of bacteria (A and B) under differing pH values.

A) 15 million/100 ml B) 25 million/100 mlC) 35 million/100 ml D) 45 million/100 ml

81. A growth medium at pH 6.5 supports approximately what concentration of bacteria A?

A) They could not coexist in the same medium.B) Their optimum pH values are different.C) Bacteria A grows at a faster rate than bacteria B.D) Bacteria A is larger than bacteria B.

82. Which conclusion concerning bacteria A and bacteria B can correctly be drawn from the dataprovided in the graph?


Base your answers to questions 83 and 84 on the information and diagrams below and on yourknowledge of biology.

In an investigation of the cycling of environmental gases, a student placed water andbromthymol blue in each of four test tubes as shown in the diagrams below. No additional itemswere placed in tube 1, a snail was placed in tube 2, an aquatic plant (elodea) was placed in tube 3,and both a snail and an elodea were placed in tube 4. The tubes were then stoppered and placed inbright light for 24 hours.

A) detect the presence of glucoseB) determine the amount of gases in the waterC) demonstrate the transparency of the solutionD) serve as a control

83. The function of tube 1 in this investigation is to

A) It would contain more oxygen. B) It would change from blue to yellow.C) It would change from blue to brick red. D) It would contain less nitrogen.

84. How would the solution in tube 3 change after 24 hours?


Five large test tubes were filled with water containing bromthymol blue and enough carbondioxide to result in a yellow color. An elodea plant was placed in each test tube. The tubes werethen placed at varying distances from a light source. The number of oxygen bubbles given offfrom each plant was counted and recorded as indicated in the data table below.

A) 10-20 cm B) 20-30 cm C) 30-40 cm D) 40-50 cm

85. Based on the information in the data table, a test tube in which the bubble count was 40 per minutewould be located in what range of distances from the light source?


A) No color change in the indicator will be observed and 70 bubbles per minute will be produced.B) A color change in the indicator will be observed and 70 bubbles per minute will be produced.C) There will be no color change in the indicator and no bubbling.D) There will be a color change in the indicator and no bubbling.

86. A sixth test tube with the same contents as the other five is completely covered with aluminum foiland placed 5 centimeters from the light source. Which statement best describes what will happen inthe sixth test tube?

87. On the graph please do all of the following:a) Mark an appropriate scale on the axis labeled "Distance from Light Source."b) Mark an appropriate scale on the axis labeled "Bubbles per Minute."c) Plot the data on the graph. Surround each point with a small circle and connect the points.


A) placing this setup in an area with no lightB) submerging this setup in water for 12 hoursC) using a plant species with non-green leavesD) placing the setup under artificial white light

instead of sunlight

88. Base your answer on the information below and onyour knowledge of biology.

Cobalt chloride paper is an indicator for moisture. Itis blue when dry and turns pink when moist. In aninvestigation, one strip of dry cobalt chloride paperwas placed on the upper epidermis of a leaf on ageranium plant, and one strip was placed on thelower epidermis of the same leaf. The leaf wassecurely wrapped in clear cellophane wrap. A pieceof dry cobalt chloride paper was attached to eachside of a clean glass slide, and the slide was sealedin clear cellophane wrap. The geranium plant andthe sealed slide were placed in sunlight for 10 hours.

To determine if light affects the results of thisinvestigation, the investigator should prepare anothercomplete setup in the same way but change theprocedure by

A) The larva is attracted to light but moves intoshaded areas when it is too hot.

B) The larva does not move into light areas.C) The larva does not move into shaded areas.D) The larva is attracted to light and moves

steadily toward the light source.

89. The dotted line in the diagram below shows the pathtaken by an insect larva when it is placed in a roundexperiment chamber with a light in the center.Blocks of wood are placed around the light, whichcause regions of light and shade within the chamberas shown. Temperatures are given for light areas.

Which statement best describes the movement of theinsect larva?


Base your answers to questions 90 through 92 on the illustration and information below and on yourknowledge of biology. The illustration is of a Tasmanian devil.

The Tasmanian devil is the largest surviving carnivorous marsupial in Australia. It is in dangerof extinction due to an unusual type of cancer called Devil Facial Tumor Disease (DFTD). It canbe passed from one individual to another through wounds that occur when they fight over food.Tumor cells in the mouth of an infected animal break off and enter the wound on an uninfectedanimal. The tumor cells multiply in the body of the newly infected devil, forming new tumors thateventually kill the animal. Recent research has shown that the immune system of a Tasmanian devil accepts tumor cellsfrom another devil as if they were cells from its own body. The tumor cells are ignored by theimmune system. No immune response develops against them, and the cancerous cells multiply.Scientists predict that DFTD could wipe out all the remaining Tasmanian devils in 25 years,unless a treatment is developed.

90. Describe one possible way to maintain a population of healthy, uninfected Tasmanian devils until atreatment or cure can be found.

91. Explain how cancer cells differ from normal cells.

92. Using the terms antigens and antibodies, explain why the tumor cells are ignored by the immunesystem in Tasmanian devils.

93. Base your answer on the information below and on your knowledge of biology. Termites depend on microbes living in their guts to digest molecules of the large, complexcarbohydrate, cellulose. Cellulose is the part of wood termites feed on. The microbes produce asubstance called cellulase, which speeds up the breakdown of cellulose into molecules of glucose.Termites cannot make cellulase on their own. Without the help of the microbes, the termites arenot able to absorb the nutrients that they need to survive.

Explain why the microbes are necessary in order for the termites to absorb nutrients that they need tosurvive.


94. Base your answer to the question below on the information and diagrams below and on yourknowledge of biology.

When fish of certain species are injured, a chemical substance stored in skin cells of the fish isreleased into the water. This chemical causes an alarm response among other fish of the samespecies in the area. Nearby fish of this species become more alert and group together near thebottom.

Explain why the chemical released from the injured fish may not cause an alarm response in otherfish species.

95. Base your answer to the following question on the information and photograph below and on yourknowledge of biology. The photograph shows an oriental hornet.

Oriental hornets are unique insects. A yellow pigment in the body of the insect converts solarenergy to electrical energy. Plants also convert energy from the Sun.

Identify the organelle present in plants where this conversion takes place.


Base your answers to questions 96 through 98 on theinformation below.

Animals eat and digest food to obtain the energyavailable for life activities. Discuss energy use inanimals. In your discussion, be sure to:

96. State one inference that can be made concerning acell that has many of these organelles.

97. Identify the organelle where energy from nutrients isreleased.

98. Identify the type of protein molecules used to digest food.

99. Base your answer to the following question on the word equations below and on your knowledge ofbiology. The equations represent two biochemical processes that occur in living organisms. The letter X represents a molecule produced from process 1.

Process 1: oxygen + glucose carbon dioxide + water + XProcess 2: carbon dioxide + water oxygen + glucoseIdentify the molecule represented by letter X in process l.


The Control of Transpiration

Plants normally lose water from openings (stomates) in their leaves. The water loss typicallyoccurs during daylight hours when plants are exposed to the Sun. This water loss, known astranspiration, is both beneficial and harmful to plants. Scientists believe wind and high temperatures increase the rate of transpiration, but the size ofeach stomate opening can be regulated. Reducing the size of the openings during droughtconditions may help reduce the dehydration and wilting that would otherwise occur. A leaf may lose more than its own weight in water each day. Transpiration also lowers theinternal temperature of the leaf as water evaporates. On hot days, temperatures in the leaves maybe from 3° to 15°C cooler than the outside air. With stomates open, vital gases may be exchangedbetween the leaf tissues and the outside environment. Researchers have also found many plants that use another response when leaf temperaturesrise. Special molecules known as heat shock proteins are produced by plant cells and help to holdenzymes in their functional shapes.

100. Explain why it is important for plants to "hold enzymes in their functional shapes."

101. Identify the specific leaf structures that regulate the opening and closing of stomates.

102. Identify two of the "vital gases" that are exchanged between leaf tissues and the outsideenvironment.

103. State one way transpiration is beneficial to plants.


104. In some land plants, guard cells are found only onthe lower surfaces of the leaves. In some waterplants, guard cells are found only on the uppersurfaces of the leaves. Explain how guard cells inboth land and water plants help maintainhomeostasis. In your answer be sure to:

• identify one function regulated by the guard cellsin leaves • explain how guard cells carry out this function • give one possible evolutionary advantage of theposition of the guard cells on the leaves of landplants

105. The photograph below shows a pill bug. Pill bugs are small animals frequently found in woodedareas near decomposing organic material.

Describe some parts of an experiment to determine the preference of pill bugs for light or darkness.In your answer be sure to:

• state a hypothesis• identify the independent variable in the experiment• identify two conditions that should be kept the same in all experimental setups• state one example of experimental data that would support your hypothesis



It has been discovered that plants utilize chemical signals for communication. Some of thesechemicals are released from leaves, fruits, and flowers and play various roles in plantdevelopment, survival, and gene expression. For example, bean plant leaves infested with spidermites release chemicals that result in an increase in the resistance to spider mites in uninfestedleaves on the same plant and the expression of self-defense genes in uninfested bean plants nearby.

Plants can also communicate with insects. For example, corn, cotton, and tobacco under attackby caterpillars release chemical signals that simultaneously attract parasitic wasps to destroy thecaterpillars and discourage moths from laying their eggs on the plants.

106. State two advantages of relying on chemicals released by plants rather than using manmadechemicals for insect control.

107. Explain why chemicals released from one plant species may not cause a response in a different plantspecies.

108. Identify the specialized structures in the cell membrane that are involved in communication.

Base your answers to questions 109 and 110 on the information below and on your knowledge ofbiology.

A biology student was given three unlabeled jars of pond water from the same source, each containinga different type of mobile unicellular organism: euglena, ameba, and paramecium. The onlyinformation the student has is that the ameba and paramecium are both heterotrophs and the euglenacan be either heterotrophic or autotrophic, depending on its environment.

A) Expose only one side of each jar to light. After 24 hours, only in the jar containing euglena willmost of the organisms be seen on the darker side of the jar.

B) Expose all sides of each jar to light. After 48 hours, the jar with the highest dissolved carbondioxide content will contain the euglena.

C) Over a period of one week, determine the method of reproduction used by each type oforganism. If mitotic cell division is observed, the jar will contain euglena.

D) Prepare a wet-mount slide of specimens from each jar and observe each slide with acompound light microscope. Only the euglena will have chloroplasts.

109. Which procedure and resulting observation would help identify the jar that contains the euglena?

110. State one way the euglena’s two methods of nutrition provide a survival advantage the otherunicellular organisms do not have.


111. Photosynthesis and respiration are two important processes. Discuss one of these processes andexplain its importance to an organism. In your answer, be sure to:

• identify the process being discussed• identify the organelle where this process occurs• identify two raw materials necessary for this process• identify one energy-rich molecule that is produced by this process• state how organisms use the energy-rich molecule that is produced• state how a gas produced by this process is recycled in nature

112. State one reason that most foods must be digested before they can enter a cell.

113. Mice store only a small amount of the energy they obtain from plants they eat. State what mighthappen to some of the remaining energy they obtain from the plants.

114. Identify two body systems that help maintainglucose levels in the blood and describe how eachsystem is involved.

115. The energy demands of a cell or an organism are met as a result of interactions between several lifefunctions.

A. Identify two life functions involved in meeting the energy demands of a cell or an organism.

B. Explain how these two life functions interact to make energy available.

116. Organ systems of the human body interact to maintain a balanced internal environment. As bloodflows through certain organs of the body, the composition of the blood changes because ofinteractions with those organs. State one change in the composition of the blood as it flows throughthe digestive system.


Base your answers to questions 117 and 118 on the information and diagram below and on yourknowledge of biology.

Two test tubes, A and B, were set up as shown in the diagram below. Bromthymol blue, which turnsfrom blue to yellow in the presence of carbon dioxide, was added to the water at the bottom of eachtube before the tubes were sealed. The tubes were maintained at the temperatures shown for six days.(Average room temperature is 20°C.)

117. Explain how the temperature difference could lead to the different results in tubes A and B after sixdays.

118. Identify the life process responsible for the change in tube A.

Base your answers to questions 119 and 120 on the information below and on your knowledge ofbiology.

Carbon exists in a simple organic molecule in a leaf and in an inorganic molecule in the airhumans exhale.

119. Identify the carbon-containing molecule that humans exhale and the process that produces it.

120. Identify the simple organic molecule formed in the leaf and the process that produces it.


Base your answers to questions 121 through 123 on the two different cells shown below. Only cell A produces substance X. Both cells A and B use substance X.

121. Identify the type of organelle found in both cell A and cell B that uses substance X.

122. Identify the type of organelle in cell A that produces substance X.

123. Identify substance X.

124. Identify one abiotic factor that would directly affectthe survival of organism A shown in the diagrambelow.

125. The skeletal system of an animal is shown in thephotograph below.

List three systems, other than the skeletal system,the animal had when alive that helped it to survive.Describe how each of these three systemscontributed to maintaining homeostasis.

Base your answers to questions 126 and 127 on theinformation and the diagram below which representsa single-celled organism known as Euglena.

126. State one reason the process you chose is essentialfor the survival of the Euglena.

127. This organism is able to carry out bothphotosynthesis and cellular respiration. Choose oneof these processes and write the name of theprocess you chose below.

Using words or chemical symbols, summarize thereaction involved in the process you chose.


128. The diagram below represents a cross section of aleaf.

Explain how the structures labeled X function tomaintain homeostasis in a plant.

Base your answers to questions 129 and 130 on the two sets of cell organelles in the chart below and on your knowledge of biology.

129. Explain how the two organelles in the set you selected interact to carry out the cellular process youidentified in the previous question .

130. Select one set of organelles and record the letter of the set. Identify a cellular process that isaccomplished by organelle 1 in the set you selected.


Base your answers to questions 131 and 132 on thediagram below, which represents a unicellularorganism in a watery environment. The s representmolecules of a specific substance.

131. In cells of multicellular organisms, structure B often contains molecules involved in cellcommunication. What specific term is used toidentify these molecules?

132. Arrow A represents active transport. State two waysthat active transport is different from diffusion.

133. The diagram below represents one metabolicactivity of a human.

Letters A and B are best represented by which rowin the chart?


Base your answers to questions 134 through 136 on the information and diagram below.

The diagram represents a system in a space station that includes a tank containing algae. Anastronaut from a spaceship boards the space station.

134. State two changes in the chemical composition of the space station atmosphere that would resultfrom turning on more lights.

135. State two changes in the chemical composition of the space station atmosphere as a result of theastronaut coming on board the space station.

136. Identify one process being controlled in the setup shown in the diagram.

Base your answers to questions 137 and 138 on the diagram of a slide of normal human blood below.

137. Describe one possible immune response, other thanan increase in number, that one of the cells labeled A would carry out.

138. An increase in the production of the cells labeled A is a response to an internal environmental change.State a change that might cause this response.


Base your answers to questions 139 and 140 on the summary equations of two processes below.

139. State one reason each of the two processes, Photosynthesis and Respiration, is important for livingthings.

140. a Choose one of the processes.

b Identify the source of the energy in the process you chose.

c Identify where the energy ends up at the completion of that process.

Base your answers to questions 141 and 142 on the diagram below of sugar in a beaker of water.

141. In lab setup B, structure Z prevents the movement of sugar molecules into side 1. Which part of aliving cell serves the same purpose as structure Z?

142. What process accounts for the change shown in lab setup A?

143. How do guard cells of a leaf help to maintainhomeostasis in a plant?

Base your answers to questions 144 and 145 on the word equation below.

144. Name the molecule represented by letter X.

145. Name the process represented by the equation.

146. An unknown microorganism was observed with a compound light microscope. Identify the structurethat, if observed in the organism, would indicate that it is an autotroph.


147. Base your answer to the following question on the investigation described below and on yourknowledge of biology.

As part of an investigation, 10 bean seedlings in one setup were grown in the dark, while 10seedlings in another setup were grown in sunlight. All other growth conditions were kept the same inboth setups. The seedlings grown in the dark were white with long, slender stems. These seedlingssoon died. The seedlings grown in the sunlight were green and healthy.Identify the independent variable in this investigation.

148. The table below lists four groups of materials.

Choose one of these groups. In the space provided on your answer paper, write the letter of thegroup chosen and, using one or more complete sentences, describe a laboratory activity for whichthat group of materials could be used.

149. A laboratory investigation was set up to determine if the hormone thyroxin increases metabolicactivity in rats. Twenty rats of the same species, age, and weight were selected and divided into twoequal groups. All the factors in the investigation were kept the same, except one group was givendistilled water, and the other group was given distilled water containing thyroxin.

State the variable being studied in this investigation.

150. Name one substance in the diagram below thatwould have a net movement out of the cell.

151. In a laboratory investigation, a student weighedeach of several genetically similar mice and thenplaced them in separate cages, where they receivedidentical diets. Half of the mice were givenadditional amounts of selected amino acids. After 4weeks, the mice were all weighed and compared.Using one or more complete sentences, state ahypothesis being tested in this investigation.


152. The diagram below shows the setup of an experiment.

Using one or more complete sentences, state a problem that could be investigated using thisexperimental setup.

Answer KeyADAPTATIONS CR QUESTIONS

1. D2. D3. B4. D5. D6. B7. A8. D9. — ATP/ADP or

NADH/NAD10. A11. C12. B13. — With more

intense light, ahigher percentage ofthe disks floated. —More light intensityequals more disksfloating. — As lightintensity increases,the percentage offloating disksincreases.

14. C15. – The rate increases

as temperatureincreases. – As thetemperaturedecreases, the ratedecreases. – Thenumber of carbondioxide bubblesproduced increaseswith temperature. –Fermentationincreases astemperature goes up.– It is a directrelationship.

16.

17.

18.

19. photosynthesis or autotrophicnutrition or photolysis

20.

21. D22. B23. C24.

25.

26. Responses include,but are not limitedto: ATP; energy

27. Respiration28. Responses include,

but are not limitedto: to make foodmolecules smallenough to betransported (ordiffused); so thatenergy can bereleased

29. Responses include,but are not limitedto: plants; autotroph;producer; trees

30. Acceptableresponses include,but are not limitedto:— Bicarbonate ion(HCO3–) productionwould decrease (orstop).— CO2 would notbecome part of HCO3–.

31. Acceptableresponses include,but are not limitedto:— Carbon dioxide ismoving from high tolow concentration.— Active transportmoves materialsfrom low to highconcentration andthe CO2 is movingfrom high to low.

32. Acceptableresponses include,but are not limitedto:— respiration— cellularrespiration

33. — 35 centimeters,because the plantreached optimalgrowth— shorter,because ofdehydration, stresson the plant— taller,because more light,more growth

34. Examples:— Theplant exposed to 2hours of light perday produced thesmallest amount offood.— Plantsrequire 12–14 hoursof light per day toreach optimumgrowth.— The plantexposed to 2 hoursof light per daycarried onphotosynthesis forthe shortest time.

35.

36. The group of plantsin classroomconditions was thecontrol.


37. Classroomconditions + mistresulted in thelowest rate oftranspiration.

38.

39. C40. The production of

oxygen wouldincrease.

41. B42.

43. A44. C45.

46. C47. The experimental

setup has more thanone variable.

48. C

49. The student shouldselect two lifefunctions from thelist, define both lifefunctions, andexplain how theyinteract to keep anorganism aliveThe followingexample shows afull-credit response:circulation-movesmaterials throughthe body from oneplace to anotherexcretion-gets rid ofcellular wastes fromthe body Thecirculatory systemmoves cell wastes toplaces where theycan be removedfrom the body.

50. – Increasing theamount ofgibberellin appliedto corn plants causesthe plants to growtaller. – As theamount ofgibberellin isincreased from 0.05to 0.50 microgram,the average height ofthe corn plantsincreased from 40 to75 cm.

51. – Effect ofGibberellin onGrowth of Corn – Effect ofGibberellin on CornSeedling Height –Relationship ofGibberellin to CornGrowth

52. D

53. A54. A55. The student must

state two ways theinvestigation couldbe modified to leadto more reliableconclusion. Examples: – usemore plants in eachlocation – include asetup with full-timelight – use otherspecies in theexperiment

56. A57. A58. If the temperature is

decreased to 22°C,the rate ofrespiration in thisspecies of fish willmost likely decrease.

59. C60. The farther away the

food supply is, thefewer the turns inthe waggle dance.

61. A62. As the temperature

increases, the heartrate in Daphniaincreases.

63. C64. Plotting the data

correctly,surrounding eachpoint with a smallcircle, andconnecting thepoints

65. Marking anappropriate scale onthe axis labeled "Heart Rate"

66. Marking anappropriate scale onthe axis labeled "Temperature"

67. Data TableTemperatureHeart Rate (ºC)(beats/min) 5108 10152 15200 20260 25300

The data table mayalso be completedwith temperaturedecreasing from thetop to the bottom ofthe table.

68. D69. B70. A71. A72. Graph73.


74.

75. 30-33 (If thestudent's graph isincorrect, allowcredit for an answerthat is consistentwith the student'sgraph.)

76. The change innumber might bedue to a decrease inavailable food or thebuildup of wasteproducts.

77.

78. See graph79. D80. C81. B82. B83. D84. A85. A86. C87. Construction of

Graph88. A89. A

90. — Move someuninfected animalsto an area wherethey will not comeinto contact withinfected animals. —Remove baby devilsfrom the populationand place them in azoo or wildliferefuge. — Separatethe animals whilethey are feeding. —Provide more foodto decreasecompetition/fighting.

91. — Cancer cellsundergouncontrolled celldivision. — Cancercells have moremutations. —Cancer cells aremore harmful anddisrupt homeostasis.

92. — The tumor cellsmight lack antigensthat the antibodiescan recognize andattack. — Theantigens on thesurface of the tumorcells could beinterpreted by theimmune system asbeing on cells thatare not harmful andtherefore do notform antibodies toattack them. — Thecancer cells mightnot have anyantigens on theirsurfaces. Withoutantigens, antibodieswill not attack.

93. – Termites cannotdigest cellulose, butthe microbes can doit for them. – Themicrobes digest thecellulose intoglucose, which issmall enough to beabsorbed by thetermite. – Themicrobes providethe substanceneeded to breakdown the celluloseinto glucose.

94. – Other species lackthe receptors for thechemical. – Thealarm chemicals arespecific to thespecies. – Otherspecies lack theability tosense/recognize thechemical.

95. Chloroplast96. – The cell uses a

great amount ofenergy. – The cell isvery active. – Thecell requires a lot ofenergy.

97. – mitochondrion-/mitochondria

98. – enzymes, –biological catalysts

99. ATP or adenosinetriphosphate

100. —If the shape of anenzyme changes, itmay not function orit may functiondifferently- .—Keyactivities may slowdown or stop.—Theshape of an enzymedetermines itsfunction

101. Guard cells102. -oxygen -water

vapor -carbondioxide

103. —Tra- nspirationhelps plants cool offon hot days.—Whiletranspiration isoccurring, thestomates are open,allowing theexchange ofimportant gases.

104. Examples offunctions of guardcells: –gasexchange –respiration –photosynthesisExamples ofexplanations of howguard cells carry outfunctions: – Guardcells change shape.– Guard cells changethe size of the leafopeningsExamples ofpossibleevolutionaryadvantages: –prevents excessevaporation of wateron sunny days –prevents theentrance of somepollutants


105. (essay)106. Examples: — less

harmful to theenvironment —cheaper — do notcause pollution

107. Examples: —Receptors arespecialized. — Thechemicals releasedby one plant speciesmay not berecognized by thereceptors of anotherplant species. —Genetic differencesbetween the twoplant species maylimit responses tospecificchemicals.

108. Examples: —receptors — receptormolecules

109. D110. — If food is not

available, theeuglena can make itsown food.

111. (essay)112. Acceptable

responses include,but are not limitedto:— Food must bedigested before itcan enter a cell sincecertain foodmolecules are toolarge to pass throughthe cell membrane.— Only smallmolecules can passthrough membranepores.

113. Acceptableresponses include,but are not limitedto:— Much of theenergy is lost as heat(during cellularrespiration).— Some of theenergy is used by themice for lifefunctions.

114. Examples: –circulatory-carriesinsulin frompancreas throughoutbody –digestive-absorbssugar from digestedfood –endocrine-makeshormones thatregulate sugar level

115. A. Examples: —digestion —transport —respiration —photosynthesisB. Examples: —Digestion breaksfood down intosmaller moleculeswhich can passacross the lining ofthe intestine andenter the blood andbe transported tocells for energyrelease. —Photosynthesisproduces food that isbroken down byrespiration to makeenergy available.

116. Examples: — Theblood absorbsnutrients. — Food isadded to the bloodas it flows throughthe digestive system.— Sugar is added.— Amino acids areadded. — decreasein oxygen

117. Examples: — Theshape of enzymeschanges at hightemperatures. —The rate at whichthe enzymes work isaffected by thetemperature. —Tube B is too hot. —The beans will notgrow at 60° so theywill not respire andwill not produce CO2.

118. Examples: —cellular respiration— respiration

119. carbon dioxide and respiration.

120. Examples: glucose or sugar andphotosynthesis.

121. Mitochondrion122. Chloroplast123. Examples: oxygen

(O2) or glucose (C6H12O6) or sugar.

124. Examples:—Oxygen — Watertemperature

125. Examples:— excretory system:removed wastesfrom the body— digestive system:changed parts offood to moleculesthat diffused acrossmembranes to cells— respiratorysystem: exchangedgases— circulatorysystem: carried foodand/or oxygen to thecells

126. • Photosynthesisproduces food (oroxygen).• Respirationprovides energy.

127. Photosynthesis:• carbon dioxide +water ® glucose +oxygen• CO2 + H2O +sunlight ® C6H12O6 + O2 • CO2 + H2O ® C6H12O6 + O2 •CO2 + H2O ® C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O• Radiant energy isconverted intochemical bondenergy.

Cellular respiration:• glucose + oxygen ® carbon dioxide +water + ATP• C6H12O6 + O2 ® CO2 + H2O +energy• C6H12O6 + O2 ® CO2 + H2O• Energy is releasedfrom food.


128. • regulate themovement of gasesinto and out of theleaf• control the size ofthe leaf openings• regulate water loss

129. Set A: The nucleuscontains DNA thatprovides the code tomake proteins at theribosome.Set B: The cellmembrane allowssubstances (such asO2 and sugars)needed bymitochondria forcellular respirationto enter the cell.

130. Set A: proteinsynthesisSet B: respiration

131. Examples: –receptor molecules– receptor proteins– cell receptors –receptors

132. Examples:— Active transportrequires the use ofenergy by theorganism.orDiffusion does notrequire the use ofenergy by theorganism.— In activetransport, moleculesmove from a regionof lowerconcentration to aregion of higherconcentration ofthose molecules.orIn diffusion,molecules movefrom a region ofhigher concentrationto a region oflower concentrationof those molecules.

133. 4134. Examples: –

increase in oxygenlevel – decrease inthe CO2 level

135. Examples: – anincrease in the levelof water vapor – anincrease in the CO2 level – a decreasein the O2 level

136. Examples: –photosynthesis –energy flow –carbon dioxide –oxygen cycle

137. Examples: – attackor destroy apathogen/antigen –produce antibodies– move to site ofantigen – engulfinvaders

138. Examples:– invasion of thebody by any of thefollowing: bacteria,fungi, viruses,antigens, foreignproteins, allergens,foreign substances,disease-causingorganisms– pregnancy –sickness – cancer

139. Photosynthesis: —glucose produced isbasis of all foodchains— released oxygenis needed by aerobicorganisms —changes light energyto chemical energyRespiration: —supplies energy formetabolism —supplies CO2 forphotosynthesis

140. Photosynthesisenergy source: sunlight Where energy endsup: glucose(carbohydrate ormonosaccharide) or sugar or chemicalbonds or C6H12O6 Respiration energysource: glucose(carbohydrate ormonosaccharide) or sugar or chemicalbonds or C6H12O6 Where energy endsup: ATP or high-energy bonds or heat

141. Examples: — cellmembrane —nuclear envelope —nuclear membrane— plasmamembrane

142. diffusion or passive transport ordissolving

143. Examples: — Guard cells canregulate the amountof water lossthrough the leaf. —Guard cells carry outphotosynthesis. —allow CO2 to enterthe leaf — regulategas exchange

144. ATP or adenosinetriphosphate.

145. The processrepresented could beviewed asrespiration or cellrespiration or aerobic respiration or oxidation.

146. chloroplast147. The independent

variable is sunlight.


148. A - This group couldbe used to observeorganisms in pondwater. B - Thisgroup could be usedto dissect anearthworm. C - Thisgroup could be usedto test food items forsugar. D - Thisgroup could be usedto test the responseof hydra to vinegar(an acid) or light.

149. Examples: – thelevel of thyroxingiven to the rats –the presence orabsence of thyroxin

150. water or glucose151. The amounts of

certain amino acidsin the diet of micewill affect theirweight.

152. Is light needed forphotosynthesis?


105. Examples: • - Pill bugs prefer the dark. - If pill bugs are given a choice of light or darkness, they will prefer the lightarea. - If a light and a dark area are provided in a closed container, the pill bugs will not exhibit apreference for either the light or dark area.• -presence or absence of light - amount of light• - temperature - humidity - species of pill bug - type of container - number of pill bugs in each group• - more pill bugs are found in the dark area after five minutes than in the light area - more pill bugs arefound in the light area at the completion of the experiment - the same number of pill bugs are found inboth the light and dark areas

111. Identify the organelle where the process occurs:Photosynthesis: — chloroplastRespiration: — mitochondrion•Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:Photosynthesis: — CO2 and H2ORespiration: — organic molecules and O2 — sugar and oxygen•Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:Photosynthesis: — glucoseRespiration: — ATP•Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:Glucose: — to produce ATP — to produce starchATP: — to provide energy for metabolism•Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:Photosynthesis: — The gas is used for respiration. — provides O2 for respirationRespiration: — provides CO2 for photosynthesis — The gas is used for photosynthesis.

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