additive fertigung und die cloud · additive manufacturing/3d printing (here) syn. additive...

2016-09-21 Baumann et al. Additive Fertigung und die Cloud 01 / 33

Motivation and Goals Methodology Future Work

GI-Themenabend - Köln/Bonn, Germany2016-09-21

Additive Fertigung und die Cloud

Felix Baumann21. September 2016

Institut für Rechnergestützte IngenieursystemeUniversität Stuttgart

Institut für Rechnergestützte Ingenieursysteme Universität StuttgartProf. Dr. Dieter Roller


Motivation and Goals Methodology Future Work

Table of Content

1 Motivation and Goals

2 Methodology

3 Future Work



Motivation and Goals Methodology Future WorkGeneral Relevance and Dissemination of Topic

Author Information

Research group at Univ. of Stuttgart, GermanyComputer aided product developmentAdditive Manufacturing applications




Additive Manufacturing/3D Printing

(here) syn. Additive Manufacturing / 3D Printing. Creates physical objects from digital models. Layer-wise addition of material. Variety of material (e.g., plastics, metals, ceramics). Summarizes technologies:

� Electron Beam Melting (EBM)� Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM, also Fused

Filament Fabrication FFF)� Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM)� Stereolitography (SLA)� Selective Laser Sintering/Melting (SLS/SLM)� 3D Printing (3DP)

. Uses STL (STereoLithography) files, tessellated objectdescription




3D Printing Process3D-Printing

Use

r

User

Design

CAD Model STL File

Positioning Slicing

Influences:- Quality- Print Duration- Utilization

STL File

Postprocessing

QAVariables:- Layer Height- Extrusion Material- Speed- Fill Density/Pattern- Support Structures

GCode

Software Suite

X-Repository

PrintingSupervision

1. 2. 3. 4B. 5.

3D P

rint

er

3D Printer

Printing

- Data-Repository- Model-Repository- CAD-Repository- Idea ManagementSoftware- RequirementsDatabase

4A.

0..m




Rapid Technology

. Rapid Prototyping, VDI directive 3405(13): „Additivefabrication of parts with limited functionality, but withsufficiently well-defined specific characteristics.“

. Rapid Tooling, VDI directive 3404(14): „The use ofadditive technologies and processes to fabricate endproducts which are used as tools, moulds and mouldinserts.“

. Rapid Manufacturing, VDI directive 3404(14): „Additivefabrication of end products (often also described asproduction parts).“




Cloud Manufacturing

. Agile Manufacturing, Distributed Manufacturing, etc.

. Service orientation

. Capabilities (e.g., Design) + Abilities (e.g.,Manufacturing)

. Flexibility through compartmentalized services� Service providers, consumers� AM for Rapid Tooling, Manufacturing, Prototyping� XaaS, Everything as a Service




Topological Map

. Research areas for our work




Motivation

. Literature/Research overview on 3D Printing/AM/CM

� What services are available?� How can these services be utilized?

→ Embed into concept of CM→ Usable in 3D printing service?




Google Trends

Public interest in 3D printing exists

2004

-08-

08 -

2004

-08-

14

2005

-03-

20 -

2005

-03-

26

2005

-10-

30 -

2005

-11-

05

2006

-06-

11 -

2006

-06-

17

2007

-01-

21 -

2007

-01-

27

2007

-09-

02 -

2007

-09-

08

2008

-04-

13 -

2008

-04-

19

2008

-11-

23 -

2008

-11-

29

2009

-07-

05 -

2009

-07-

11

2010

-02-

14 -

2010

-02-

20

2010

-09-

26 -

2010

-10-

02

2011

-05-

08 -

2011

-05-

14

2011

-12-

18 -

2011

-12-

24

2012

-07-

29 -

2012

-08-

04

2013

-03-

10 -

2013

-03-

16

2013

-10-

20 -

2013

-10-

26

2014

-06-

01 -

2014

-06-

07

2015

-01-

11 -

2015

-01-

17

2015

-08-

23 -

2015

-08-

29

0

20

40

60

80

100

num

ber

of

queri

es

3D printing Additive Manufacturing Cloud Manufacturing 3D Print

Search Results for Terms from Google Trends (2004 - 2016)

source of data: trends.google.com; 3D printing, sum=13816, avg=43.72; AM, sum=983, avg=3.11; CM, sum=217, avg=0.69; 3D print, sum=6060, avg=19.18




Publication Growth

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

period

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

pub

licati

ons;

avg

=3

19

6.8

1

0

16

32

48

64

80

96

112

128

144

perc

ent;

avg

=4

1.3

2

Average number of publications Average annual growth

Average number of publications per year (Google Scholar)

source of data: scholar.google.com




Interdisciplinary Research / 3D Printing

. Broad research interest.

. Difference between 3D printing and AM?

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

percent

MATERIALS SCIENCE

ENGINEERING

SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY OTHER TOPICS

CHEMISTRY

PHYSICS

COMPUTER SCIENCE

OTHER

Classification of Research in 3D Printing

source of data: webofknowledge.com; n=3369




Interdisciplinary Research / AM

0 10 20 30 40 50

percent

MATERIALS SCIENCE

ENGINEERING

CHEMISTRY

METALLURGY METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

PHYSICS

SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY OTHER TOPICS

FOOD SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY

OTHER

Classification of Research in Additive Manufacturing

source of data: webofknowledge.com; n=4582



Motivation and Goals Methodology Future WorkMethodology 3D Printing Services

Methodology

1. Based on Study by Rayna and Striukova, A Taxonomyof Online 3D Printing Platforms

2. Forward and backward search3. Internet Search




Structure

. Research prototype architecture

. Available (public) services




Service Architecture

. Structural decomposition

. BPMS backend


Company/Service Name URL Classification Established Location3Faktur http://3faktur.com Modeling

Service2014 Germany

3DaGoGo https://www.3dagogo.com Marketplace 2013 USA3DExport https://3dexport.com Marketplace,

Repository2004 USA

3DHubs http://3dhubs.com Crowd Print-ing Provider

2013 USA

3DPrinterOS https://www.3dprinteros.com Crowd Print-ing Provider

2014 USA

3DShook http://www.3dshook.com Marketplace,SubscriptionService

2014 Israel

3D Warehouse https://3dwarehouse.sketchup.com Marketplace,Community,Repository

2006 USA

Autodesk 123D http://www.123dapp.com Software,Marketplace,Repository

2009 USA

Clara.io https://clara.io Repository,Modeling

2013 Canada

CreateThis http://www.createthis.com Marketplace 2013 USACults https://cults3d.com Marketplace,

Reposi-tory, DesignService

2013 France

Grabcad https://grabcad.com Software,Marketplace,Repository

2009 USA

La Poste http://impression3d.laposte.fr PrintProvider,Marketplace

2013 France

Libre3D http://libre3d.com Marketplace,Repository

2014 USA

Makershop https://www.makershop.co Marketplace,Repository

2013 USA

Materflow http://www.materflow.com PrintProvider,Marketplace,Product Co-Creation/Support

2013 Finland

MeltWerk https://www.meltwerk.com PrintProvider

- Subsidiaryoftrinckle

MyMiniFactory https://www.myminifactory.com Crowd Print-ing Provider,Marketplace

2013 UK

NIH 3D Print Exchange http://3dprint.nih.gov Co-Creation,Repository

2014 USA

p3d.in https://p3d.in Modeling 2010 DenmarkPinshape https://pinshape.com Marketplace 2014 CanadaREPABLES http://repables.com Repository 2013 USARinkak https://www.rinkak.com Marketplace,

Reposi-tory, CrowdPrintingProvider

2014 Japan

shapeking http://www.shapeking.com Marketplace,Repository

2012 Germany

Shapetizer https://www.shapetizer.com Marketplace,Reposi-tory, PrintProvider

2015 China

Sketchfab https://sketchfab.com Marketplace,Repository

2012 France

stlfinder http://www.stlfinder.com Search En-gine

2013 Spain

STLHive http://www.stlhive.com Marketplace,Reposi-tory, DesignService

2015 Canada

Stratasys Direct Express https://express.stratasysdirect.com PrintProvider

2015 USA

Threeding https://www.threeding.com Marketplace,PrintProvider

2014 Bulgaria

Tinkercad https://www.tinkercad.com Design,Repository

2011 USA

Treatstock https://www.treatstock.com Marketplace,Commu-nity, CrowdPrintingProvider

2016 USA

trinckle https://www.trinckle.com PrintProvider

2013 Germany

Trinpy https://www.trinpy.com Marketplace,SubscriptionService

2015 Australia

TurboSquid http://www.turbosquid.com Marketplace,Repository

2000 USA

UPS https://www.theupsstore.com/print/3d-printing PrintProvider

2013 USA

Watertight https://watertight.com Marketplace 2015 USAYeggi http://www.yeggi.com Search En-

gine2013 Germany

YouMagine https://www.youmagine.com Community,Repository,Marketplace

2013 TheNether-lands



Repository Example: Thingiverse 1/2

http://thingiverse.com





Repository Example: Thingiverse 2/2






Modeling Example: tinkercad

http://tinkercad.com


http://tinkercad.com



Online Editor CAD Example: openjscad

http://openjscad.org


http://openjscad.org



Printing/Marketplace Example: shapeways

http://shapeways.com


http://shapeways.com



Crowd Printing Example: 3DHubs

http://3dhubs.com


http://3dhubs.com



Crowd Design Example: DesignCrowd

http://designcrowd.com


http://designcrowd.com



Validity Check Example: willit3dprint

http://willit3dprint.com


http://willit3dprint.com



Service Comparison Example: All3DP

https://price.all3dp.com


https://price.all3dp.com



3D Printer Comparison Example: productchart

https://www.productchart.com/3d_printers


https://www.productchart.com/3d_printers



3D Printing Service Search Engine Example: printler

https://www.3dprintler.com/


https://www.3dprintler.com/



CAM File Viewer Example: gcode.ws

https://www.gcode.ws


https://www.gcode.ws


Motivation and Goals Methodology Future WorkSummary Contact

Future Work

. Embed a number of services into research prototype

. Update service list

. Provide information on website




Summary

. Performed analysis of existing 3D printing services

. Classification of services

. Introduction into concepts of various services




Contact

University of StuttgartUniversitaetsstr. 38, 70569 Stuttgart, GermanyFelix Baumann, [email protected] & A




Working Group on 3D Printing

. Interest in collaboration

. Discussion at Informatik 2016 (2016-09-26)



AM Definition

ISO/ASTM Standard 52900:2015(E): „process of joiningmaterials to make parts [...] from 3D model data, usuallylayer [...] upon layer, as opposed to subtractivemanufacturing and formative manufacturingmethodologies“



3D Printing Definition

ISO/ASTM Standard 52900:2015(E): „fabrication of objectsthrough the deposition of a material using a print head,nozzle, or another printer technology“ assoc. with low priceand capability


Company/ ServiceName

Designmarketplace

Designreposi-tory

Designservice

Printingmarketplace

Printingservice

Printersale

Crowdsourcingplatform

Editor

3Faktur + +3DaGoGo + +3DExport + +3DHubs + +3DPrinterOS + +3DPrintUK + +3DShook + +3D CreationLab

+

3D Ware-house

+ +

Autodesk123D

+ + +

Clara.io + + +CreateThis + +Cults + + +Grabcad + + p +iMakr + +i.Materialise + + + + +Kraftwurx.com + + + + +La Poste + + + +Libre3D + +MakerBot /Thingiverse

+ + p +

Makershop + +MakeXYZ + + +Materflow + + + +MeltWerk +MyMiniFactory+ + + +NIH 3DPrint Ex-change

+ +

p3d.in + + +Pinshape + +Ponoko +REPABLES + +Rinkak + + +Sculpteo +shapeking + +Shapetizer + + +Shapeways + + + +Sketchfab + + +stlfinderSTLHive + + +Stratsys Di-rect Express

+ p

Threeding + + +Tinkercad + + o +Treatstock + + + + +trinckle +Trinpy + +TurboSquid + +UPS +Watertight + +Yeggi + +YouMagine + + o p

additive fertigung und die cloud · additive manufacturing/3d printing (here) syn. additive...

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