ADVANCED ECO-CAR

ANIKET S. JADHAVSE-MECH, PIIT, NEW PANVEL.

INDEX

ELECTRIC CAR AND ITS ADVANTAGESELECTRIC CAR HYBRID WITH SOLAR

ENERGYPIEZOELECTRICITY AND ITS USE IN THE

CARENERGY FROM BODY MOVEMENTS

ELECTRIC CAR ADVANTAGES

NO GAS REQUIREDNO EMISSIONSLOW MAINTENANCEREDUCED NOISE POLLUTIONCOST EFFECTIVE

LIMITATION- SHORT RANGEMAKING IT HYBRID WITH SOLAR ENERGY

1)FREE2)RENEWABLE3)NON-POLLUTANT

Instead of only solar panels, also apply spherical lens

Advantages of Spherical Lens-1) Increases surface area2) Concentrated sunlight3) Protection of solar

panel

For a simple square solar panel of dimension ‘d’, area absorbing sunlight is d^2.

Taking sphere of diameter ‘d’, the effective area absorbing the sunlight is equal to ½(3.142*d^2)= 1.571*d^2

Energy absorption increases by 0.571 times, i.e. efficiency of absorbing radiations increases by 57.1%, when sun is overhead.

Efficiency of absorbing sunlight increases by 57%

If solar panel of 2 square meter and 20% efficiency is used, then output is 3 KWh per day.By using spherical lens output is 4.5 KWh per day.So, Range increases by 45 km.

Piezoelectric materials generate electrical energy when subjected to mechanical strain.

Benders made of PZT(Lead Zirconate Titanate, the most common piezoelectric ceramic material) attached to inner part of the tyre. To obtain high power output from this process, it is useful to cover as much of a tyre’s inner surface area as possible with PZT benders.

PIEZOELECTRICITY

A 4*40 array of low cost highly bendable PZT elements is bonded to most of the inner surface of the tyre.

Experiments shows that a power output of 2.3 Watt can be produced at 854rpm(100km/h).By using two layers of PZT, output is doubled to 4.6 Watt.A car have 4 tyres, so total output is equal to 4.6*4=18.4 Watt

Wise source of getting energy

We can get multiplied output if we go on increasing the number of layers of PZT.

So the power generated with PZT benders provide sufficient proof of the feasibility of using the method for running onboard devices and lowers the stress on battery and helps to increase the range.

The electricity developed by PZT also depends on rpm.

ENERGY FROM BODY MOVEMENTS

‘Porous polymer liquid electrolyte sandwiched between two very thin layers of lithium alloy electrodes’ is used.This material when bent by some mechanical action, uneven mechanical stresses cause the lithium ions to circulate through the electrolyte.Due to this transfer of ions an electric current is producedThese devices are flexible and less likely to break under mechanical stress.

This mechanism can be used, under the dashboard of the car.

The idea is, when a person seated, applies force with the help of legs on that link, then it bends and causes the flow of lithium ions to generate charge.

This mechanism is very helpful for exercising, due to which small amount of electric charge also develops.

So, the techniques discussed to get a good range Eco-Car are

1) ELECTRIC CAR2) MODIFIED SOLAR PANEL3) PIEZOELECTRIC TYRES4) ENERGY FROM BODY MOVEMENTS

With the help of these we can maintain personal as well as environmental health.

Other Ways to Increase Range

1) Accelerate smoothly

2) Low top speeds

3) Smart braking

4) Climate control during charging

REFERENCES

1) Electric vehicle technology explained by James Larminie, Seth Leitman.

2) A Solar Car Primer by Eric F. Thacher

3) Piezoelectricity by George W. Taylor, Walter A. Cady.

4) MIT articles about liquid electrolytes and lithium electrodes

5) Google and Teacher.

THANK YOU