advanced editing: rules-based topology in arceditor by adan navarrete

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Advanced Editing: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete By Adan Navarrete

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Page 1: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Advanced Editing: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology Rules-Based Topology

in ArcEditorin ArcEditor

By Adan NavarreteBy Adan Navarrete

Page 2: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

What is Topology?What is Topology?

• Historically, topology is the set of Historically, topology is the set of geometric relationships, determined geometric relationships, determined mathematically, between connecting or mathematically, between connecting or adjacent features in a geographic dataset.adjacent features in a geographic dataset.

• e.g. FNODE#, TNODE#, LPOLY#, RPOLY# e.g. FNODE#, TNODE#, LPOLY#, RPOLY# fields in a line (streets) ArcInfo coverage.fields in a line (streets) ArcInfo coverage.

Page 3: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

What is Topology?What is Topology?

• With advances in GIS software, With advances in GIS software, topology has been taking on more of topology has been taking on more of a rule-based approach.a rule-based approach.

• In a geodatabase, a topology is a In a geodatabase, a topology is a set of governing rules applied to set of governing rules applied to feature classes that explicitly feature classes that explicitly defines the spatial relationships that defines the spatial relationships that must exist between feature data.must exist between feature data.

Page 4: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

ArcView vs. ArcEditorArcEditor

• Editing shared features is the same.Editing shared features is the same.ArcEditor – Topology or Map Topology

ArcView – Map Topology

• ArcEditor – ArcEditor – Rule-basedRule-based (Topology) (Topology)• ArcView – ArcView – Non rule-basedNon rule-based (Map (Map

Topology)Topology)

Page 5: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Topology and Feature GeometryTopology and Feature Geometry

Geometries involved in a topology:Geometries involved in a topology:

• Nodes

• Edges - Line segments that define lines or polygons

- Points at the end of an edge

Page 6: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Topology and Feature GeometryTopology and Feature Geometry

Ways of sharing a geometry:Ways of sharing a geometry:

Line features can share edges and nodes

Polygon features also share edges and nodes

Vertices define the shape of edges

Page 7: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Why Use TopologyWhy Use Topology

• Ensure data qualityEnsure data quality

• Easily edit shared boundaries and Easily edit shared boundaries and features features

• More accurately model the real More accurately model the real worldworld

Page 8: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Characteristics of a TopologyCharacteristics of a Topology

• Requires an Requires an ArcEditorArcEditor or or ArcInfoArcInfo license. license.

• Can only be created for feature classes in a Can only be created for feature classes in a geodatabase. (not shapefiles)geodatabase. (not shapefiles)

• Feature classes participating in a topology Feature classes participating in a topology must have the same spatial reference.must have the same spatial reference.

• A topology can only describe relationships A topology can only describe relationships between features within the same feature between features within the same feature dataset of the same geodatabase.dataset of the same geodatabase.

• A feature class cannot participate in more A feature class cannot participate in more than one topology.than one topology.

Page 9: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Properties of a TopologyProperties of a Topology

• Topologies store three sets of parameters:Topologies store three sets of parameters:

– Control which featuresmay be moved to other featuresduring validation.

– Define the permissiblespatial relationships between features.

– The distance

at which vertices are consideredcoincident.

1) 1) RulesRules

2) 2) Cluster ToleranceCluster Tolerance

3) 3) RanksRanks

Page 10: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Properties of a TopologyProperties of a Topology

• Topologies also maintain a feature layer that store:Topologies also maintain a feature layer that store:

ExceptionsExceptions

ErrorsErrors

- Areas that have beenedited since validation. Requiresanother validation to discover anyerrors.

Dirty AreasDirty Areas

- Violations of a topology rule detected during validation.

- Legitimate exceptions to a topology rule.

Page 11: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Topology WorkflowTopology Workflow

Organize DataOrganize Data

Setup the TopologySetup the Topology

Validate Entire TopologyValidate Entire Topology

Check for ErrorsCheck for ErrorsDoneDone

Errors ExistErrors Exist

Fix Errors/Mark as ExceptionsFix Errors/Mark as Exceptions

Validate Topology of Dirty AreasValidate Topology of Dirty Areas

No ErrorsNo Errors

Edit DataEdit Data

Page 12: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Building a TopologyBuilding a Topology

Start the Topology WizardStart the Topology Wizard

Organize your dataOrganize your data

Page 13: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Building a TopologyBuilding a Topology

Name the new Name the new topology.topology.

Set the cluster tolerance. Set the cluster tolerance. (in most cases, use the (in most cases, use the default value)default value)

Page 14: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Building a TopologyBuilding a Topology

Determine which features you want Determine which features you want to participate in the topology.to participate in the topology.

Page 15: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Building a TopologyBuilding a Topology

Set the number of Set the number of allowed ranks.allowed ranks.

Begin adding rules Begin adding rules to your topology.to your topology.

Set the rank of Set the rank of each feature class.each feature class.

Page 16: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Building a New TopologyBuilding a New Topology

Rules used by DDP:Rules used by DDP:

• Study Areas Must Not Overlap• Study Areas Must Not Have Gaps

• Streets Must Not Self-Intersect• Streets Must Not Self-Overlap• Streets Must Not Have Dangles• Streets Must Not Intersect or Touch

Interior

• Schools Must be Properly Inside Study Areas.

Page 17: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Building a TopologyBuilding a Topology

Review the Summary Report & validate the topology.Review the Summary Report & validate the topology. The topology now The topology now appears in the appears in the geodatabase.geodatabase.

Page 18: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Reviewing a Topology’s Reviewing a Topology’s PropertiesProperties

• Accessed through ArcCatalog or Accessed through ArcCatalog or ArcMapArcMap

Page 19: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Time for Exercise 1Time for Exercise 1

• Follow the instructions in the handout.Follow the instructions in the handout.

• Stop at the end of Exercise 1.Stop at the end of Exercise 1.

Page 20: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Review the Topology WorkflowReview the Topology Workflow

Organize DataOrganize Data

Setup the TopologySetup the Topology

Validate Entire TopologyValidate Entire Topology

Check for ErrorsCheck for ErrorsDoneDone

Errors ExistErrors Exist

Fix Errors/Mark as ExceptionsFix Errors/Mark as Exceptions

Validate Topology of Dirty AreasValidate Topology of Dirty Areas

No ErrorsNo Errors

Edit DataEdit Data

Page 21: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

The Topology ToolbarThe Topology Toolbar

Topology Drop Down MenuTopology Drop Down Menu

Map Topology ButtonMap Topology Button

Construct Features ButtonConstruct Features Button

Planarize Lines ButtonPlanarize Lines Button(AV Disabled)

Topology Edit ToolTopology Edit Tool

Show Shared FeaturesShow Shared Features

Validate Topology in Specified AreaValidate Topology in Specified Area(AV Disabled)

Validate Topology in Current ExtentValidate Topology in Current Extent(AV Disabled)

Validate Entire TopologyValidate Entire Topology(AV Disabled)

Fix Topology Error ToolFix Topology Error Tool(AV Disabled)

Error Inspector ButtonError Inspector Button(AV Disabled)

Page 22: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Validating a TopologyValidating a Topology

• You have several options:You have several options:

1)1) Using ArcCatalogUsing ArcCatalog 2) Using ArcMap (during an Edit Session).2) Using ArcMap (during an Edit Session).

a) Validate in Specified Area

b) Validate in Current Extent

c) Validate Entire Topology

Page 23: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Identifying Topology ErrorsIdentifying Topology Errors

• Use either the Error Inspector or the Fix Topology Use either the Error Inspector or the Fix Topology Tool to find and identify topology errors.Tool to find and identify topology errors.

Error Inspector:

Page 24: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Identifying Topology ErrorsIdentifying Topology Errors

Fix Topology Tool:Fix Topology Tool:like a selection tool with more functionalitylike a selection tool with more functionality

Page 25: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Fixing Topology ErrorsFixing Topology Errors

• All topology fixes are done during an edit session in ArcMap.All topology fixes are done during an edit session in ArcMap.

• Select an error with the Error Inspector or Fix Topology Tool Select an error with the Error Inspector or Fix Topology Tool and apply one of the pre-described fixes.and apply one of the pre-described fixes.

• Different rules have different fixes Different rules have different fixes available. Lets take a look…available. Lets take a look…

Page 26: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Fixing Topology Errors in Study Fixing Topology Errors in Study AreasAreas

Fixing Overlaps:Fixing Overlaps:

Page 27: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Fixing Topology Errors in Study Fixing Topology Errors in Study AreasAreas

Fixing Gaps:Fixing Gaps:

Page 28: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Fixing Topology Errors in StreetsFixing Topology Errors in Streets

• Intersect or Touch Interior, Dangles, Self-Intersect or Touch Interior, Dangles, Self-Intersections, Self-OverlapsIntersections, Self-Overlaps

Intersect or Touch Interior: Dangles:

(Or select the features and click Planarize Lines )

Page 29: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Fixing Topology Errors in StreetsFixing Topology Errors in Streets

Self-Overlaps & Self-Intersections:Self-Overlaps & Self-Intersections:

Page 30: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Fixing Topology Errors in SchoolsFixing Topology Errors in Schools

• Schools must be properly inside Study Areas:Schools must be properly inside Study Areas:

Page 31: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Marking Errors as ExceptionsMarking Errors as Exceptions

In some cases you will have errors that In some cases you will have errors that break a topology rule, but are legitimate break a topology rule, but are legitimate exceptions to that rule.exceptions to that rule.

Page 32: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Time for Exercise 2Time for Exercise 2

• Follow the instructions in the Follow the instructions in the handouthandout

• Stop at the end of Exercise 2Stop at the end of Exercise 2

Page 33: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Advanced Editing in ArcEditorAdvanced Editing in ArcEditor

Questions?Questions?

Page 34: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Other Topology EditingOther Topology Editing

• Moving shared featuresMoving shared features

• Using features in one feature class to constructUsing features in one feature class to constructfeatures in other feature classesfeatures in other feature classes

Page 35: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Moving Shared FeaturesMoving Shared Features

Page 36: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Constructing Features from FeaturesConstructing Features from Featuresin Different Feature Classesin Different Feature Classes

Page 37: Advanced Editing: Rules-Based Topology in ArcEditor By Adan Navarrete

Advanced Editing in ArcEditorAdvanced Editing in ArcEditor

Questions?Questions?