Advanced Electric Drive Vehicle Education Program

Career and Technology Education Curriculum

May 2011

WHY IS ADVANCED ELECTRIC DRIVE VEHICLE EDUCATION IMPORTANT TO HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS?

Drivers Leaders

Consumers

Technicians

YOU ARE THE FUTURE…

WHY IS LEARNING ABOUT ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION IMPORTANT?

• Alternative fuels and advanced technology vehicles will lessen our nation’s use of fossil fuels, such as petroleum, and help reduce our greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

• Increased use of renewable resources and cleaner air through the reduction of green house gases will improve the health of our nation’s environment and individuals.

Fossil Fuels, Greenhouse Gases and Renewable Resources

Petroleum is the most used energy source in the Untied States.

Image: Primary Energy Consumption by Major Source, 1949-2009. Source: Energy Information Administration (EIA) Annual Energy Review 2009

Reducing Petroleum Consumption

Transportation accounts for a large portion of U.S. energy consumption.

Image: End-Use Shares of Total Energy Consumption, 2009. Source: EIA Annual Energy Review 2009.

Reducing Energy Consumption

On a global scale, the use of fossil fuels is the chief contributor of greenhouse gas emissions caused by human activity.

Image: Global Anthropogenic Greenhouse Gas Emissions in 2004. Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 4th Assessment Report: climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report.

Reducing Energy Consumption

Transportation activities account for the second largest portion of CO2 emissions in the

U.S.

Image Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks, 1990-2006

Reducing Emissions

• Federal requirement– Epact 1992, CAFE

• State and local requirements– Vary by location

• Private initiatives– FedEx introduces electric trucks

• Incentives– Tax credits

• Consumer demand

Forces Driving Advanced Technology Vehicles

ELECTRIC DRIVE VEHICLES

• Electric drive vehicles utilize electric traction motors and battery technology, whereas conventional gasoline-powered vehicles primarily use internal combustion engines (ICEs).

• Traction motors and other engines are blended to provide power to the wheels.

• Because of our addiction to oil and the devastating effects of the emissions, there is a tremendous need for advanced electric drive vehicles, and there are many forces driving their use – such as – The Energy Policy Act of 1992, or the CAFÉ standards.

In 2008, J.D. Power forecasted a 7% market share for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) by 2015.

HEVs represented 2.78% of the light-duty market in 2009.

CAN YOU PICK OUT THE ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY VEHICLES IN THESE PHOTOS?

PHEVHEV

BEV

BEV

FCEV

FCEV

PHEV

BEV

HEV

TYPES OF ADVANCED ELECTRIC DRIVE VEHICLES

4 TYPES OF ADVANCED ELECTRIC DRIVE VEHICLES

• Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) Toyota Prius

• Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) Ford Escape

• Battery Electric vehicles (BEVs) Nissan Leaf

• Fuel cell electric vehicles(FCEVs) GM Equinox

HEVs… • Use fuel more efficiently and produce fewer harmful emissions than conventional engines.

• Combine the inherent benefits of both gasoline and electric vehicle drive systems.

• The ICE converts the vehicle’s fuel into electrical energy and sends power to the wheels.

Toyota Prius HEV. Source: NAFTC

• Have enhanced charging capacities.• Can be restored to a full charge by plugging

them into an electrical outlet.• Achieve 30-50% more fuel economy than

standard HEVs. • Typically have an all-electric range of 20-60

miles.• Are lighter than purely electric vehicles

because fewer batteries are required.PHEV charging. Source: Ford

PHEVs…

• Work like a cell-phone: Plug it into an electricity source to charge the battery and then unplug and drive. Optimal charge times are between 6 and 18 hours.

• Utilize an electric motor and regenerative breaking, which help to lightly recharge the batteries while driving.

• Have a practical driving range of 40 – 200 miles for use in most daily commutes.

• Do not require belts, filters, spark plugs, or any of the items that would require periodic maintenance on a conventional vehicle.

Chevy VoltSource: NREL PIX #17061

BEVs…

• Use a fuel cell to generate electricity and use hydrogen fuel to produce the electrical power that propels the vehicle.

• Hydrogen gas burns in an internal combustion engine. However, the car’s mechanical system must undergo some changes, such as a high pressure tank to store the fuel.

• Electricity is generated by an electro-chemical process from hydrogen stored in fuel cells.

• The main by-products of the process are water and heat, therefore there are zero tailpipe emissions.

Ford FCEV.Source: NREL PIX #15722

FCEVs…

If you have further questions, please contact Advanced Electric Drive Project Manager Amy Gandy at the National Alternative Fuels Training Consortium.

Ridgeview Business Park1100 Frederick LaneMorgantown, WV 26508304-293-7882Amy.Gandy@mail.wvu.edu

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

• National Alternative Fuels Training consortium– www.naftc.wvu.edu

• National Alternative Fuel Vehicle Day Odyssey– www.nationalafvdayodyssey.org

• Advanced Electric Drive Vehicle Education Program– www.aedve.info

THANK YOU FOR JOINING US ON THE

PATHWAY TO ENERGY INDEPENDENCE.