Advanced Energy Monitoring for the New

Smart Grid

Michel Kamel, Ph.D. CEO

MelRok

AEE

October 17th 2013

COMPLEXITY

UNCERTAINTY REQUIRE

&

INFORMATION REAL TIME, ACCURATE, DETAILED

Data vs Knowledge

• Multiple routes: Highways vs side streets

• Time of day: Traffic conditions

• Time of year: Road closures

• Accidents

• Weather conditions

• Car’s conditions

• Etc.

Have DATA

B

A

Need The Best Plan

B

A

MANAGING ENERGY USAGE AND COST REQUIRES THE SAME TYPE OF GUIDANCE

THE SMART GRID

& ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS

INTRODUCE

NEW COMPLEXITIES AND UNCERTAINTIES

TO ENERGY MANAGEMENT

Why A Smart Grid

• Current power grid grew in patches from its early days

– Generations and distribution added as needed

• Large scale power outages in last decade demonstrated vulnerability

– Cascading failures (domino effect)

– Lack of communications between sub stations and utilities

• Increasing threats to national security

– Physical damage & cyber attacks can cause massive outages

• Changing nature of power sources

– Wind, solar represent a variable power source – uncertain supply

• Changing nature of power loads

– PCs, LEDs, PV inverters, etc. introduce harmonics into the grid

– Harmonics increases the stress on grid components and affect accuracy of meters

Reducing Emissions

Coal Power Plants

Solar Wind Geothermal Hydro Natural Gas

Increased Energy Efficiency

+

Utility Companies’ Problem

20% Difference

$0

$20

$40

$60

$80

$100

$120

$140

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Low DemandEnergy Emergency

4 x Increase

Blue = Regular Demand

Red = High Demand

Usa

ge (

‘00

0s

MW

hr)

P

rice

($

/MW

)

Utilities’ Problem:

• Variable Demand

• Variable Cost

Hour of the Day

Renewables Make It Worse

From: California Energy Commission

With more renewables deployed, demand on grid decreases during the day and increases off hours

Increase variations in demand during a single day, between seasons and geographic regions

Smart Grid Helps Utilities

MelRoK Confidential

Conventional Meter Smart Meter

> 40 Million Replaced

+ 60 Million Planned

Smart Grid Helps Utilities

MelRoK Confidential

Conventional Meter Smart Meter

Flat Rate

TOU

Utilities’ Solution: TOU, ADR, …

Conventional Meter Smart Meter

Flat Rate

TOU

Demand Response

Variable Rate

Impact on Managers/Owners

• Variable pricing: TOU, ADR, Peak Demand, etc.

• More complex rates

• Emission reduction requirements

• Demand response requirements

• Need for price management

• Need for carbon management

Bottom Line: Need New Energy Management Practices to Avoid Increased Energy Costs

Resulting Uncertainties & Complexities

• Time variable pricing

• Complex rate structures

• Variations in energy demand

• Emission reduction requirements

• Demand response requirements

• Weather uncertainty

• Variations in building activity

• Multiple improvement options

• Supply uncertainties: renewables

Protecting the Bottom Line

The Equation for Managing Energy Costs Has Changed

Energy Cost ($)

= Energy Usage (kWhr)

The Challenge

MANAGING ENERGY COSTS

IS NO LONGER JUST ABOUT HOW

MUCH ENERGY IS USED

The Challenge

IT IS ABOUT

HOW MUCH, HOW FAST AND WHEN

ENERGY IS USED

WHAT’S NEEDED:

REAL TIME

DETAILED

ACCURATE

ENERGY INFORMATION & CONTROL

AT UNPRECEDENTED LEVELS

Meter

Meter

Meter

Ethernet

Interface

Data Logger

Acquisition Software

Data Storage Visualization

Software

Legacy Systems Not Suitable

• Complex & Expensive

• Failure prone

• Disconnected systems

• Islanded from the Grid

Lots of Data Little Information

At Best, Legacy Systems Provide …

The Mission of Advanced Energy Monitoring Systems

From Complex Systems

The Mission of Advanced Energy Monitoring Systems

From Complex Systems … to Data

The Mission of Advanced Energy Monitoring Systems

From Complex Systems … to Data, Information

The Mission of Advanced Energy Monitoring Systems

From Complex Systems … to Data, Information, Knowledge

The Mission of Advanced Energy Monitoring Systems

From Complex Systems … to Data, Information, Knowledge,

& Savings

The Mission of Advanced Energy Monitoring Systems

From Complex Systems … to Data, Information, Knowledge,

& Savings

Continuously and In Real Time

Specifications of Advanced Metering

Low Cost

• Real time

• Holistic & high definition

• Grid connected

• Interoperable with existing meters & BAS

• User defined metrics

• Built-in analytics and alerts

• On-demand reports

• Drill down & roll up visibility

• Push & pull functionality

• Self-managed

• Open protocol

• Scalable & Secure

• Networked

• Initiate Demand Management

Case Study: UCI Advanced Metering

100+ Buildings

• Main Switch Board

• HVAC

• Lighting

• Plug Load

• Weather

• Chilled Water

• Gas

• Environmental

• Other

UCI Advanced Metering Benefits

• Energy efficiency metrics

• Guides commissioning efforts

• Guides energy upgrades decisions

• Verifies energy investments

• Renewable integration

• Energy cost allocation

• Fault detection

• Peak demand detection

• Modeling of smart and micro grids

• Benchmarking

UCI Advanced Metering Benefits

Smart CCx although a larger initial investment provides for greater long term savings as well as strategic analysis, monitoring, and savings that can not be accomplished with traditional MBCx

$(200,000.00)

$-

$200,000.00

$400,000.00

$600,000.00

$800,000.00

$1,000,000.00

$1,200,000.00

$1,400,000.00

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Cumulative Cash Flow MBCx vs. SMART CCx

Smart CCx Cumulative Cash Flow Smart CCx Net Savings MBCx Cumulative Cash Flow MBCx Net Savings

UCI Advanced Metering Technology

Multiple Systems Integrated Into One

UCI Advanced Metering Technology

• 24 channel meter • Meter Network Interface • Acquisition Software • Data logger • Ethernet Communication Module • 500 MHz CPU w/Linux OS

Multiple Systems Integrated Into One

Embedded Interoperability

• 24 channel meter • Meter Network Interface • Acquisition Software • Data logger • Ethernet Communication Module • 500 MHz CPU w/Linux OS • Custom Applications

+ • Bacnet/IP

• Modbus/IP

• SNMP

• Other software libraries

Embedded ADR Client

• 24 channel meter • Meter Network Interface • Acquisition Software • Data logger • Ethernet Communication Module • 500 MHz CPU w/Linux OS • Custom Applications • Bacnet/IP, Modbus/IP, SNMP communication

+ Demand Response Application Server (DRAS) Client

+

Embedded Streaming Data Server

• 24 channel meter • Meter Network Interface • Acquisition Software • Data logger • Ethernet Communication Module • 500 MHz CPU w/Linux OS • Custom Applications • Bacnet/IP, Modbus/IP, SNMP communication • DRAS Client

Streaming Data Server

+

High Definition Metering

Plug Loads

Data Centers

Lighting

Motor Control Center

HVAC Systems Main Switch Board

Holistic Picture

Plug Loads

Data Centers

Lighting

Motor Control Center

HVAC Systems

Ethernet Bacnet/IP Modbus/IP SNMP Other

Pulse Counters

BAS Workstation

Power / Water / Gas Meters

Environmental & Other Sensors

Main Switch Board

Real Time Information

Grid Weather Other

Plug Loads

Data Centers

Lighting

Motor Control Center

HVAC Systems

Ethernet Bacnet/IP Modbus/IP SNMP Other

Pulse Counters

BAS Workstation

Power / Water / Gas Meters

Environmental & Other Sensors

Main Switch Board

Campus Wide

Sample Installation

3P, 4W, 480/277 Main Incomer, 3000AT / 3000AF

VP 1

480D

100AFTBG

480D

225AF

HDPR

480D

400AF

EHLP1

480Y

225AF

EHDPB

480D

1200AF

HDPB

480D

400AF

[HDP2]

Future T.I.

HDP1

480Y

225AF

Space

[HLP4]

Future T.I.

1 EMB-1210, 480/277, Rm B-218

2 EMB-1210, 208/120, Rm 1013

2

6

3 EMB-1210, 480/277, Rm 1013

4 EMB-1210, 480/277, Rm 2009

3

4

5

5

6

EMB-1210, 480/277, Rm 3009

EMB-1210, 208/120, Rm 3009

EHLP2

480Y

225AFET3

ET1

EHDPR

480D

400AF

HLP3

480Y

400AF

HLP2

480Y

400AF

HLP1

480Y

400AF

T2

DP2

T3

DP3

T1

DP1

EDP3

EDP1

1 1 11

7 7

7 EMB-2410, 480 Delta, Roof

3

4

5

MelRoK Corporation – Gross Hall Installation – June 1st

2011

BENEFITS OF ADVANCED MONITORING

Baseline Creation

Benchmarking

Key Performance Indicator

1. Baseline Electric Energy Use Index ^

2. Peak Electrical Energy Use Index ^

3. Gas Energy Use Index ^

4. Heating Gas Efficiency Consistency ^

5. Cooling Energy Efficiency Consistency ^

6. Simultaneous Heating and Cooling ^

7. Nightime Power Index ^

8. Weekend Power Index ^

9. EMS Scheduling ^

10. Full Time Loading ^

p

EnergiScore 47.6%

Benchmarking

Identify Wasted Energy

TOU Management

HOURS WITH HIGHEST

ENERGY RATE

TIME OF USAGE PRICING COMING JANUARY 2014 TO ALL BUSINESSES NEAR YOU

SHIFT LOAD TO HOURS WITH LOWER RATE

ADR Management

ADR Management

• Calculate ADR Baseline

ADR Management

• Set ADR Target

ADR Management

• Measure ADR Performance

Peak Demand Management

• Resonating Systems

Peak Demand Management

• Excessive Peaks

15-minute excessive usage = $2,520 Penalty

Performance Verification

• Lighting Retrofit

Performance Verification

• Total Building Output

Performance Verification

• Net Metering Overlay

Performance Verification

• On Site Generation (Solar)

Custom Metrics

• % Generated by On Site Solar as a function of time of day

Custom Metrics

• % Generated by On Site Solar as a function of time of day

Energy Demand Forecasting

Demand Drill Down

Demand Drill Down

Demand Drill Down

Demand Drill Down

Demand Drill Down

Anomaly Detection

ROI Calculations

BEFORE

AFTER

ROI CALCULATIONS ON 30 KW SOLAR INSTALLATION

Energy Cost Allocation

Summary of Energy Usage Billed Energy Usage Billed Energy Costs

Power 14,910,737 kWhr $1,376,127

Gas 32,837 therms $23,977

Total Energy $1,400,104

2.22 $/ft2Total Current Energy Costs (Gas and Electric)

Carbon Footprint

Electrical Energy Carbon Footprint

Gas Energy Carbon Footprint

Total Energy Carbon Footprint 10,114

17,818,710

4,453,251

22,271,961

Equivalent lb of CO2Metric Tons of CO2

8,092

2,022

Occupant Engagement

Capacity Planning • Count of Circuits that are at each capacity level: Red, Yellow & Green

Capacity Planning • Count of Circuits that are at each capacity level: Red, Yellow & Green

On Demand Reports

Managing Energy Costs

IT IS ABOUT

HOW MUCH, HOW FAST AND WHEN

ENERGY IS USED

Michel Kamel, Ph.D.

CEO

MelRok, LLC

1300 S. Bristol St.

Santa Ana, CA 92704

mkamel@melrok.com

O: (855) Melrok1 ext. 101